CN109346397A - The manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board - Google Patents

The manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109346397A
CN109346397A CN201811108991.XA CN201811108991A CN109346397A CN 109346397 A CN109346397 A CN 109346397A CN 201811108991 A CN201811108991 A CN 201811108991A CN 109346397 A CN109346397 A CN 109346397A
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gan
shaped
gallium nitride
manufacturing
base board
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张海涛
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Wuxi Wuyue Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02367Substrates
    • H01L21/0237Materials
    • H01L21/02387Group 13/15 materials
    • H01L21/02389Nitrides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02518Deposited layers
    • H01L21/02521Materials
    • H01L21/02538Group 13/15 materials
    • H01L21/0254Nitrides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02612Formation types
    • H01L21/02617Deposition types
    • H01L21/2056

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to manufacturing methods, and in particular to a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board.A kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board, comprising: in the vapor phase growth of gallium nitride, other than raw material gallium and raw material nitrogen, import oxygen element or nitrogen oxide material.Remarkable result of the invention is: in the present invention, when making GaN with HVPE legal system, the unstrpped gas containing gallium material, nitrogen raw material, oxygen element is passed through the mode of reacting furnace by selection simultaneously, can inhibit the donor concentration of N-shaped GaN.Greatly reduce the interface state density of the N-shaped GaN after the completion of growth.But when being used to manufacture GaN electrical power conversion transistor for the finished product, the dispersion of frequency can reduce, improve maximum disruptive critical voltage.

Description

The manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board
Technical field
The invention belongs to manufacturing methods, and in particular to a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board.
Background technique
In GaN semiconductor original part field, blue LED and laser diode etc. come into practical stage, Most advanced research object also starts to shift from luminous original part to electronic original part gradually.Especially electrical power conversion transistor Research be currently under the very prosperous stage.Electrical power conversion transistor, as switch original part composition frequency converter etc. A part of power circuit, frequency converter can be motor sections by changing control of the frequency realization of alternating current to motor It can control the optimal selection of equipment, while also in energy-saving type air conditioner, energy saving microwave oven and other electromagnetic heating type machine for kitchen uses, industry It is had a wide range of applications in the transporting equipments such as motor and electric car, electric train.Presently the most the most commonly used is Si systems Insulated gate bipolar transistor.
The electrical power conversion transistor being fabricated with GaN, selection is in dissimilar substrate (sapphire (α Al2O3), silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), GaAs (GaAs) etc.) on carry out the GaN substrate that heteroepitaxial growth obtains, at present Such as high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) original part is manufactured that, so as to inquire into its application in high frequency original part And needing the application in the more power-supply device of high voltage value.GaN has higher disruptive critical voltage compared with SiC, because And by as taking over the secondary epoch electrical power conversion transistor of SiC by expectation.
The GaN substrate being commercially available currently on the market is all to be referred to as hydride gas-phase epitaxy (HVPE) method with a kind of Crystalline growth method manufacture.The substrate that heteroepitaxial growth method obtains is substantially 2 inches of substrates.Because there is crystallization Defect problem, so the substrate that diameter is more than 2 inches or more can not be produced.And price is the decades of times of Si substrate, in substrate Penetration dislocation density reached 105~107cm-2?.It is big made from the methods of ammonia heat method (ammonothermalmethod) Block GaN single crystal substrate is compared with using GaN substrate made from hetero-epitaxy grown layers method, and the density of threading dislocation wants small by upper 3~4 A order of magnitude.The technique is converted for electric energy and creates possibility with the realization of transistor (gaN series).But it is obtained at this time Substrate price is hundreds times of SiC substrate price.As mentioned above, it is necessary, in order to realize the conversion of GaN electric energy with transistor substrate Manufacture, the quality-improving and ever-larger diameters of GaN substrate be still an important issue project.At present, people still will be in xenogenesis base HVPE method is used to make GaN substrate as most important prefered method by heteroepitaxial growth legal system on plate.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that GaN electric power dress uses transistor instead.
As shown in Figure 1, the i type HaN electronics mobile layer that sequentially stack thickness is 3 μm in GaN substrate 11 using HVPE method 12 and with a thickness of 25 μm, carrier concentration be 2 × 1018cm-3N-shaped Al0.25Ga0.75N electron supply layer 13.Use CVD method heap After product is with a thickness of the SiN film 14 of 20nm, the grid 16 that is made of Ni/Au is set in grid forming region, at the same in source electrode and Opening portion is arranged in drain contact position, and constitutes source electrode 15 and drain electrode 17 with Ti/Au.GaN series HEMT electric energy is just completed in this way Dress uses the essential structure of transistor instead.Two-dimensional electron gas 18 is present in N-shaped AlGaN electron supply layer 13 and GaN electronics moves In the interface of dynamic layer 12, i.e. the access of electric current.
In the essential structure most importantly, N-shaped Al0.25Ga0.75N electron supply layer 13 and SiN film 14 by Interface state.When the interface state density of N-shaped AlGaN electron supply layer 13 and SiN film 14 is big, GaN type electric energy dress will increase The frequency dispersion for using transistor instead, the reason of becoming electric leakage.In general, the N-shaped AlGaN layer of electron supply layer 13 It is doped in AlGaN and is formed after Si, the displacement for relying on Si atom and Ga atom realizes n-type conductivity.Based on the face Ga In the GaN substrate in face, after adulterating Si in AlGaN layer, the interface state density that will lead to AlGaN layer and SiN film increases.
In order to solve this problem, trial replaces previous Si to adulterate with oxygen doping.Because so the realization of N-shaped is logical The displacement completion of oxygen atom and nitrogen-atoms is crossed, and the displacement realization N-shaped conduction for relying on Si atom and Ga atom being mentioned above Type is different, because atom is smaller, so as to reduce the interface state density being mentioned above.It is related to think to mix in GaN crystallization Miscellaneous oxygen element, the method for being referred to publicity in patent document (special open 2006-282504).
But there are the following problems for the method in the patent publicity: as the unstripped gas used during GaN crystalline growth Body, ammonia (NH3) and HCl gas (HCl) in be mixed with moisture, carry out crystalline growth at this time, it is dense to will lead to N-shaped carrier It spends unstable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provides a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board.
The present invention is implemented as follows: a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board, comprising: raw in the gas phase of gallium nitride In length, other than raw material gallium and raw material nitrogen, oxygen element or nitrogen oxide material are imported.
A kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board as described above, wherein the material of the composition nitrogen oxide It is from NO, NO2、N2O、N2O3、N2O4、N2O5In at least material of the selection containing one of molecule.
A kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board as described above, wherein the vapor growth method is HVPE method.
Remarkable result of the invention is: in the present invention, when making GaN with HVPE legal system, selection will contain gallium material, nitrogen Raw material, oxygen element unstrpped gas be passed through the mode of reacting furnace simultaneously, the donor concentration of N-shaped GaN can be inhibited.Greatly reduce life The interface state density of N-shaped GaN after the completion of length.But it, can when being used to manufacture GaN electrical power conversion transistor for the finished product To reduce the dispersion of frequency, maximum disruptive critical voltage is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the principle of the invention is constituted.
Fig. 2 is the rough sectional view that the crystalline growth device of GaN crystallization is made with HVPE legal system.
Fig. 3 is the example of the C-V characteristic of MOS capacity formed in n-type GaN layer in the present invention.
In figure: 1. hot wall tcs response furnaces, 2. heating equipments, 3. unstrpped gas ingress pipes, 4. unstrpped gas ingress pipes, 5. Carrier gas ingress pipe, 6.Ga holding tank, 7.GaN substrate, 8. exhausts, 11.GaN substrate, 12.i type GaN electronics mobile layer, 13.n type Al0.25Ga0.75Grid that source electrode that N electron supply layer, 14.SiN film, 15. are made of Ti/Au, 16. are made of Ni/Au, 17. The drain electrode that is made of Ti/Au, 18. two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).
Specific embodiment
About HVPE method, with being illustrated for Fig. 2.Heating device 2 is set around hot wall type reacting furnace 1.In order to Unstrpped gas is imported into reacting furnace, and unstrpped gas ingress pipe 3 and carrier gas ingress pipe 5 are set.In the inner space of reacting furnace 1 Middle setting Ga holding tank 6, and the Ga as raw material is packed into Ga holding tank 6.Then it is heated with heating device 2.Gas The opening of body ingress pipe 4 imports H towards Ga holding tank 62With the mixed gas of HCl gas.The opening of gas introduction tube 3 is in Ga The downstream position of holding tank 6.It is past to import H herein2And NH3Gas.
There is the pedestal (not drawing in figure) that can arbitrarily rotate, go up and down in the inner space of reacting furnace 1.Pedestal is by turning Axis support.GaN substrate 7 is placed in the top of pedestal, heater 2 starts to heat substrate 7.H2With the mixing of HCl gas composition Gas is inwardly supplied by ingress pipe 4, and the Ga blowed in Ga holding tank 6 melts liquid, is generated through chemical reaction and is produced among gaseous state Object --- gallium chloride (GaCl).GaCl is contacted near the GaN substrate 7 being heated with the ammonia imported from ingress pipe 3, GaCl And NH3It chemically reacts, GaN crystallization is synthesized in GaN substrate 7.Fail to participate in the gas of crystalline growth then under reacting furnace 1 Side exhaust 8 is swum, furnace body is discharged.
[example 1]
In order to carry out experimental verification to the program, evaluating characteristics are carried out to the interfacial characteristics that N-shaped metal-oxide-semiconductor original part uses. It is as follows to study process, GaN substrate is placed in reacting furnace 1, facilitates the crystalline growth of n-type GaN layer using NVPE method.Crystallization life Long temperature is 1020 degrees Celsius.NH3Partial pressure be 0.2atm (2 × 104Pa), the partial pressure of HCl is 1 × 10- 2atm(103Pa)、N2The partial pressure of O is 5 × 10-4atm(5×106Pa).After 5 minutes crystalline growths, alms giver is made Concentration is 1~5 × 1016cm-3, with a thickness of 3 μm of n-type GaN layers.
Then insulating film is made.Using plasma CVD, ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is used as raw material, reaction environment setting It is 350 degrees Celsius, allows SiO2It is stacked to thick 100nm.Then with metal film coated, in SiO2The upper circle that aluminum is made by being deposited Electrode.Whole face is overleaf covered into upper gold using vapour deposition method.Metal-oxide-semiconductor original part is thus formd in the longitudinal direction.
Fig. 3 is the frequency dispersion value of capacity-voltage (C-V) characteristic measured.In figure, C-V characteristic is presented one substantially Smoothed curve, measure frequency does not have to find the dispersion of frequency in the range of 1MHz to 20Hz substantially.It should be the result shows that interfacial state Density is very small, it is possible thereby to confirm SiO2The conductor side interface state density at the interface /GaN is very small.
In this example, in order to carry out experimental verification to the present invention instead, crystal is used to representative GaN electric power dress Triode --- the interfacial characteristics in N-shaped metal-oxide-semiconductor original part are evaluated.Itself the result shows that, this method manufacture GaN electric power dress It is constantly effective to use transistor instead.
In this example, to material --- the nitrous oxide (N for constituting nitrogen oxides2O it) is illustrated.But it removes N2It, can also be from nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO outside O2), nitrogen trioxide (N2O3), dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), five oxygen Change phenodiazine (N2O5) in select material.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board characterized by comprising in the vapor phase growth of gallium nitride, raw material gallium Other than raw material nitrogen, oxygen element or nitrogen oxide material are imported.
2. a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the composition nitrogen The material of oxide is from NO, NO2、N2O、N2O3、N2O4、N2O5In at least material of the selection containing one of molecule.
3. a kind of manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the vapor phase growth Method is HVPE method.
CN201811108991.XA 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 The manufacturing method of N-shaped gallium nitride base board Pending CN109346397A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1237795A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-08 住友电气工业株式会社 Gallium nitride monocrystal substrate and its manufacturing method
KR20010093026A (en) * 2000-03-28 2001-10-27 김효근 METHOD FOR FABRICATING A N-TYPE THIN FILM OF GaN GROUP BY USING A PLASMA TREATMENT
EP1249522A2 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-16 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Oxygen doping method for a gallium nitride single crystal substrate and oxygen-doped N-type gallium nitride freestanding single crystal substrate
CN101311379A (en) * 2007-05-02 2008-11-26 住友电气工业株式会社 Gallium nitride substrate and gallium nitride film deposition method
CN103383959A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-11-06 西安电子科技大学 Crosswise overgrowth one-dimensional electron gas GaN-base high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device and manufacturing method thereof
CN108538714A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-09-14 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 The preparation method of III group nitride material of p-type

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1237795A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-08 住友电气工业株式会社 Gallium nitride monocrystal substrate and its manufacturing method
EP0967664A1 (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-29 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Gallium nitride single crystal substrate and method of producing the same
KR20010093026A (en) * 2000-03-28 2001-10-27 김효근 METHOD FOR FABRICATING A N-TYPE THIN FILM OF GaN GROUP BY USING A PLASMA TREATMENT
EP1249522A2 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-16 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Oxygen doping method for a gallium nitride single crystal substrate and oxygen-doped N-type gallium nitride freestanding single crystal substrate
CN101311379A (en) * 2007-05-02 2008-11-26 住友电气工业株式会社 Gallium nitride substrate and gallium nitride film deposition method
CN103383959A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-11-06 西安电子科技大学 Crosswise overgrowth one-dimensional electron gas GaN-base high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device and manufacturing method thereof
CN108538714A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-09-14 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 The preparation method of III group nitride material of p-type

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Address after: 214000 No. 11 Lijiang Road, Xinwu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province

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Application publication date: 20190215