CN109341861B - Urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring the temperature of an axle box of an urban rail train. The device comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a data processing module. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, designing an urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring system, and installing a temperature acquisition device and an axle position sensor; then the data acquisition module acquires temperature data of the train axle box and transmits the data to the data processing center through the data transmission module; and finally, the data processing center extracts the axle box temperature characteristic value, judges whether the axle box temperature characteristic value is abnormal or not, and outputs the axle box temperature characteristic value to a display and a three-color lamp for displaying. The method can effectively monitor the temperature change of the axle box of the train wheel, thereby judging whether the axle box is abnormal or not and ensuring the operation safety of the train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of urban rail train axle box fault monitoring and safety early warning, and particularly relates to an urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device and method.
Background
When the train runs, the axle and the bearing rub against each other to generate heat energy. When a fault occurs between the axle and the bearing, the friction force is increased, the generated heat energy is increased, and the temperature of the axle box is increased. Therefore, whether the operation state of the axle box is normal or not can be determined by measuring the temperature change of the axle box. Axle box temperature detection generally uses a method of touching an axle box to determine a temperature change, and determines an operating state between a vehicle and a bearing by a hand feeling. By adopting the method, the labor intensity of detection personnel is high, the efficiency is low, the subjective factor influence is large, and the detection result cannot be objectively reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a convenient and good-instantaneity urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device and method, which can judge whether the working state is abnormal or not by monitoring the temperature of a train axle box.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a temperature monitoring device for an urban rail train axle box comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a data processing module;
the data acquisition module comprises a synchronous acquisition instrument, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a relay, a temperature acquisition device, a first axial sensor and a second axial sensor, wherein the synchronous acquisition instrument, the PLC and the relay are arranged in the control cabinet; the first axial sensor and the second axial sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track, and the vertical distance between the sensing surface and the horizontal plane of the track is H0mm, distance d between the first and second axial sensors1The second axial position sensor and the probe of the infrared thermometer are arranged on a straight line vertical to the track;
the data transmission module comprises a shielding cable, an optical fiber and an industrial switch in a control cabinet in the rail area and is used for transmitting temperature acquisition data;
the data processing module comprises a server, a display and a three-color lamp which are all arranged in the equipment room; the server is used for releasing WEB software and storing and processing temperature data; the display is used for displaying a monitoring interface, and inquiring historical data and alarm information; the three-color lamp is used for fault three-level alarming.
Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device comprises a box body, an infrared thermometer, a translation bracket, a rotating bracket, a light screen and an electric push rod;
the infrared thermometer comprises an infrared device and a probe, wherein the infrared device is used for adjusting various parameters of the thermometer; the translation bracket is used for adjusting the horizontal distance of the probe; the rotating bracket is used for adjusting the detection angle of the probe; the electric push rod realizes that the light screen moves back and forth to close the detection port of the box body under the control of the relay, so as to prevent dust from entering the box body and protecting the probe;
the probe of the infrared thermometer has a horizontal adjustable distance d0The vertical adjustable angle psi satisfies
Wherein h is0For the height of the detection opening of the box body, /)1The horizontal distance from the probe to the outer side of the box body is defined;
the temperature acquisition device calculates the probe angle theta of the infrared thermometer as arcsin (Y/X) according to the horizontal distance X and the vertical distance Y between the probe of the infrared thermometer and the wheel axle box.
A method for monitoring the temperature of an axle box of an urban rail train comprises the following steps:
and 5, extracting the axle box temperature characteristic value by the data processing center, judging whether the axle box temperature characteristic value is abnormal or not, and outputting the axle box temperature characteristic value to a display and a three-color lamp for displaying.
Further, the data acquisition module in step 3 acquires axle box temperature data, specifically as follows:
3.1, when the first axial sensor detects that a train arrives, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller), enabling an electric push rod of the temperature acquisition device to retract by the PLC through controlling a relay, opening a light screen, and simultaneously sending a signal to a synchronous acquisition instrument by an upper computer to start data acquisition;
and 3.2, setting a PLC time delay, and after the acquisition is carried out for a period of time T, sending an acquisition ending signal to the data processing module by the PLC to enable the synchronous acquisition instrument to stop acquisition, and driving the light screen to return to the initial position by the electric push rod.
Furthermore, the data acquired by the synchronous acquisition instrument comprises data of the second axial position sensor and data of the infrared thermometer, and the acquisition mode is synchronous acquisition.
Further, the data processing center in step 5 extracts the axle box temperature characteristic value, specifically as follows:
step 5.1, converting the original signal data acquired by the data acquisition module into a temperature signal value;
step 5.2, performing wheel-by-wheel selection on the temperature data through a second axial sensor;
and 5.3, calculating the temperature peak value of each wheel, comparing the temperature peak values by adopting an ipsilateral method and a comparison method, and judging whether the abnormality occurs.
Further, in step 5.2, the temperature data is selected in different rounds by the second axial sensor, specifically as follows:
when the second shaft sensor detects that the wheels arrive, the infrared thermometer simultaneously detects the axle box temperature value, the synchronous acquisition instrument synchronously acquires the axle box temperature value and the axle box temperature value, and the detected axle box temperature value is extracted by utilizing the time interval of high-low pressure signal change of the second shaft sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the temperature of the axle box is monitored on line, the all-weather advantage is achieved, and manpower is saved; (2) the detection result can be objectively reflected, the detection result precision is high, and the method applicability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the inside installation of the urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for monitoring the temperature of the axle box of the urban rail train.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature monitoring method according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of raw data of single-time temperature acquisition of axle box at one side of a train according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a 6 th peak temperature line graph of 4 axle boxes on the same side of the same compartment in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the trend of 6 temperature peak changes of the axle box 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to fig. 1, the temperature monitoring device for the urban rail train axle box comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a data processing module;
the data acquisition module comprises a synchronous acquisition instrument, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a relay, a temperature acquisition device, a first axial sensor and a second axial sensor, wherein the synchronous acquisition instrument, the PLC and the relay are arranged in the control cabinet; the first axial sensor and the second axial sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track, and the vertical distance between the sensing surface and the horizontal plane of the track is H0mm, distance d between the first and second axial sensors1The second axial position sensor and the probe of the infrared thermometer are arranged on a straight line vertical to the track;
the data transmission module comprises a shielding cable, an optical fiber and an industrial switch in a control cabinet in the rail area and is used for transmitting temperature acquisition data;
the data processing module comprises a server, a display and a three-color lamp which are all arranged in the equipment room; the server is used for releasing WEB software and storing and processing temperature data; the display is used for displaying a monitoring interface, and inquiring historical data and alarm information; the three-color lamp is used for fault three-level alarming.
Furthermore, the temperature acquisition device comprises a box body, an infrared thermometer, a translation bracket, a rotating bracket, a shading plate and an electric push rod;
the infrared thermometer comprises an infrared device and a probe, wherein the infrared device is used for adjusting various parameters of the thermometer; the translation bracket is used for adjusting the horizontal distance of the probe; the rotating bracket is used for adjusting the detection angle of the probe; the electric push rod realizes that the light screen moves back and forth to close the detection port of the box body under the control of the relay, so as to prevent dust from entering the box body and protecting the probe; the positional relationship is shown in fig. 1.
The probe of the infrared thermometer has a horizontal adjustable distance d0The vertical adjustable angle psi satisfies
Wherein h is0For the height of the detection opening of the box body, /)1The horizontal distance from the probe to the outer side of the box body is defined;
the temperature acquisition device calculates the probe angle theta of the infrared thermometer as arcsin (Y/X) according to the horizontal distance X and the vertical distance Y between the probe of the infrared thermometer and the wheel axle box.
The first axial sensor and the second axial sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track, and the vertical distance between the sensing surface and the horizontal plane of the track is H0mm, distance d between the first and second axial sensors1And the second axial sensor and the probe of the infrared thermometer are arranged on a straight line vertical to the track.
With reference to fig. 2, the method for monitoring the temperature of the axle box of the urban rail train comprises the following steps:
referring to FIG. 1, the temperature acquisition device comprises a box body, an infrared thermometer, a translation bracket,A rotating bracket, an electric push rod and a light screen, wherein the probe of the infrared thermometer can be horizontally adjusted by a distance d0＝10mm。
As shown in FIG. 3, the height h of the detection port of the case0100mm, the horizontal distance l from the probe to the outer side of the box body120mm, the height change caused by the rotation angle of the probe is small and ignored, so the probe of the thermodetector has a vertical adjustable angle
The acquisition device is installed to calculate the horizontal distance X between the probe of the temperature sensor and the wheel axle box as L + L1-l2And a vertical distance Y ═ R + h1+h2-h3Determining the probe angle theta:
wherein l2The horizontal distance h between the outer side surface of the railhead and the side surface of the axle box cover0For the height of the box detection port h3In order to detect the vertical height from the opening to the ground, L is the horizontal distance from the outer side surface of the rail head to the outer side surface of the box body, and the side surface of the box body is parallel to the side surface of the rail.
The first axial sensor and the second axial sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track, for example, 60 tracks, and the vertical distance between the sensing surface of the sensor and the horizontal plane of the track is H 040 + -1 mm, distance d between the first and second axial sensors1The second axial position sensor and the probe of the infrared thermometer are arranged on a straight line which is perpendicular to the track for 1 meter.
3.1, when the first axial sensor detects that a train arrives, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller), enabling an electric push rod of the temperature acquisition device to retract by the PLC through controlling a relay, opening a light screen, and simultaneously sending a signal to a synchronous acquisition instrument by an upper computer to start data acquisition;
and 3.2, setting a PLC time delay, and after acquiring a period of time T equal to 30S, sending an acquisition ending signal to the data processing module by the PLC to enable the synchronous acquisition instrument to stop acquiring, and driving the light screen to return to the initial position by the electric push rod.
furthermore, the data acquired by the synchronous acquisition instrument comprises data of the second axial position sensor and data of the infrared thermometer, and the acquisition mode is synchronous acquisition.
And 5, extracting the axle box temperature characteristic value by the data processing center, judging whether the axle box temperature characteristic value is abnormal or not, and outputting the axle box temperature characteristic value to a display and a three-color lamp for displaying, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1, converting the original signal data acquired by the data acquisition module into a temperature signal value;
step 5.2, performing wheel-by-wheel selection on the temperature data through a second axial sensor, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when the second shaft position sensor detects that the wheels arrive, the infrared thermometer simultaneously detects the axle box temperature value, the synchronous acquisition instrument synchronously acquires the axle box temperature value and the axle box temperature value, and the detected axle box temperature value is extracted by utilizing the time interval of high-low pressure signal change of the second shaft position sensor;
and 5.3, calculating the temperature peak value of each wheel, comparing the temperature peak values by adopting an ipsilateral method and a comparison method, and judging whether the abnormality occurs.
Example 1
The example is described by combining the field situation of an axle temperature detection system of a 13 # wire of a certain subway company, a temperature sensor of the system is a CT-fast infrared temperature acquisition instrument, an axle position sensor is Turke NI50U-CK40, a PLC is Siemens S7-200, the acquisition instrument selects a square control SK2018, a switch is EDS-205A, a power supply is plain weft EDR-120-24, a server is Hewlett packard, a KVM display is IBM 17238BX, and data transmission in a track adopts a 4-core shielded cable. Then carrying out field installation, wherein the track is 60 rails, the size radius of the wheel set is R ═ 420mm, and the height h of the sleeper120mm, track height h2176mm, vertical distance from the probe to the groundIs away from h350mm, the horizontal distance l from the probe to the outer side of the box body120mm, the horizontal distance l between the outer side of the rail head and the side of the axle box cover238.5 mm. The horizontal distance L between the shaft temperature monitoring device and the side surface of the railhead is 1100 mm. Therefore, the probe angle θ can be calculated to be 31.6 ° < 78.7 °. After the device of the detection system is installed, data acquisition is carried out, the data are uploaded to a data processing center, and temperature characteristic value calculation is carried out. Table 1 below shows the peak values of 6 monitored temperature data of 4 axle temperature boxes on the same side of one compartment.
TABLE 1 Peak value of 6-time monitoring temperature data of 4 axle temperature boxes on the same side of one carriage
Compared with the axle temperature same-side method, as shown in fig. 5, the peak value of the axle box 3 temperature is obviously higher than the peak value of the axle box temperature at the same side of the same compartment; next, compared with the historical data, as shown in fig. 6, the peak value monitored in the 6 th time of the axle box 3 is much higher than the historical data, so the axle box 3 should send out an abnormality warning.
Claims (4)
1. The temperature monitoring device for the urban rail train axle box is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a data processing module;
the data acquisition module comprises a synchronous acquisition instrument, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a relay, a temperature acquisition device, a first axial sensor and a second axial sensor, wherein the synchronous acquisition instrument, the PLC and the relay are arranged in the control cabinet; the first axial sensor and the second axial sensor are arranged on the inner side of the track, and the vertical distance between the sensing surface and the horizontal plane of the track is h0mm, distance d between the first and second axial sensors1The second axial position sensor and the probe of the infrared thermometer are arranged on a straight line vertical to the track;
the data transmission module comprises a shielding cable, an optical fiber and an industrial switch in a control cabinet in the rail area and is used for transmitting temperature acquisition data;
the data processing module comprises a server, a display and a three-color lamp which are all arranged in the equipment room; the server is used for releasing WEB software and storing and processing temperature data; the display is used for displaying a monitoring interface, and inquiring historical data and alarm information; the three-color lamp is used for fault three-level alarm;
the temperature acquisition device comprises a box body, an infrared thermometer, a translation bracket, a rotating bracket, a light screen and an electric push rod;
the infrared thermometer comprises an infrared device and a probe, wherein the infrared device is used for adjusting various parameters of the thermometer; the translation bracket is used for adjusting the horizontal distance of the probe; the rotating bracket is used for adjusting the detection angle of the probe; the electric push rod realizes that the light screen moves back and forth to close the detection port of the box body under the control of the relay, so as to prevent dust from entering the box body and protecting the probe;
the probe of the infrared thermometer has a horizontal adjustable distance d0The vertical adjustable angle psi satisfies
Wherein h is0For the height of the detection opening of the box body, /)1The horizontal distance from the probe to the outer side of the box body is defined;
the temperature acquisition device calculates a probe angle theta of the infrared thermometer (arctan (Y/X)) according to a horizontal distance X and a vertical distance Y between a probe of the infrared thermometer and a wheel axle box;
the data acquisition module acquires temperature data of the axle box of the train, the temperature data of the axle box of the train is transmitted to the data processing center through the data transmission module, and the data processing center extracts a characteristic value of the temperature of the axle box, judges whether the axle box is abnormal or not and outputs the abnormal temperature to the display and the three-color lamp for displaying; wherein, the axle box temperature data is gathered to the data acquisition module, specifically as follows:
when the first axial position sensor detects that a train arrives, a signal is sent to the PLC, the PLC controls the relay to enable the electric push rod of the temperature acquisition device to retract, the light screen is opened, and meanwhile, the upper computer sends a signal to the synchronous acquisition instrument to start data acquisition; the data acquired by the synchronous acquisition instrument comprises data of the second axial position sensor and data of the infrared thermometer, and the acquisition mode is synchronous acquisition;
set up PLC delay timer, gather a period of time T after, PLC sends and gathers the end signal to data processing module, makes synchronous collection appearance stop to gather, and electric putter drives the light screen and gets back to initial position.
2. An urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring method based on the urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring device of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, designing an urban rail train axle box temperature monitoring system;
step 2, installing a temperature acquisition device and a shaft position sensor;
step 3, the data acquisition module acquires temperature data of the axle box of the train, and the data acquisition module specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1, when the first axial sensor detects that a train arrives, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller), enabling an electric push rod of the temperature acquisition device to retract by the PLC through controlling a relay, opening a light screen, and simultaneously sending a signal to a synchronous acquisition instrument by an upper computer to start data acquisition; the data acquired by the synchronous acquisition instrument comprises data of the second axial position sensor and data of the infrared thermometer, and the acquisition mode is synchronous acquisition;
step 3.2, a PLC time delay is set, after the collection is carried out for a period of time T, the PLC sends a collection ending signal to the data processing module, so that the synchronous collection instrument stops collecting, and the electric push rod drives the light screen to return to the initial position;
step 4, transmitting the temperature data of the axle box to a data processing center through a data transmission module;
and 5, extracting the axle box temperature characteristic value by the data processing center, judging whether the axle box temperature characteristic value is abnormal or not, and outputting the axle box temperature characteristic value to a display and a three-color lamp for displaying.
3. The method for monitoring the temperature of the axle boxes of the urban rail train according to claim 2, wherein the data processing center extracts the axle box temperature characteristic values in the step 5, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1, converting the original signal data acquired by the data acquisition module into a temperature signal value;
step 5.2, performing wheel-by-wheel selection on the temperature data through a second axial sensor;
and 5.3, calculating the temperature peak value of each wheel, comparing the temperature peak values by adopting an ipsilateral method and a comparison method, and judging whether the abnormality occurs.
4. The method for monitoring the temperature of the axle boxes of the urban rail train according to claim 3, wherein in step 5.2, the temperature data is subjected to wheel-sharing selection through the second axle position sensor, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the second shaft sensor detects that the wheels arrive, the infrared thermometer simultaneously detects the axle box temperature value, the synchronous acquisition instrument synchronously acquires the axle box temperature value and the axle box temperature value, and the detected axle box temperature value is extracted by utilizing the time interval of high-low pressure signal change of the second shaft sensor.
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| CN109781279B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-02-09 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Train axle box temperature monitoring method and device |
| CN110687650A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-14 | 杭州昱华科技有限公司 | High-capacity optical cable fiber distribution box |
| CN113009383A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-22 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Monitoring system, urban rail train, monitoring method and terminal equipment |
| CN113029351B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-04-08 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Switch cabinet internal temperature measuring sensor with adjustable direction |
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| US5660470A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-26 | Southern Technologies Corp. | Rail mounted scanner |
| US8430363B2 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2013-04-30 | Progress Rail Services Corp | Train wheel bearing temperature detection |
| CN201544992U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 湖南继善高科技有限公司 | Train vehicular infrared journal temperature monitoring device |
| CN202728259U (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2013-02-13 | 北京华铁能信科技有限公司 | Detection device for temperature of train shaft |
| CN103592122B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2017-02-15 | 北京交通大学 | Fault diagnosis device and method for urban rail transit train running gear |
| CN103587548B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2016-04-20 | 南京理工大学 | The city rail vehicle wheel out of round degree method of inspection that sensor is directly measured |
| CN103863355B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-04-20 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of axis temperature detecting device of city rail traffic head angle adjustment |
| CN104236720A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Operating train axle temperature imaging monitor |
| CN206813022U (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-12-29 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | One kind is based on zigbee train axle temperature wireless monitor systems |
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