CN109338035A - A kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel and its production methods, chemical component is C:0.80~1.05%, Si:0.20~0.45%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.60~1.95%, S≤0.015%, P≤0.020%, Ni :≤0.25%, Cu≤0.30%, Mo:0.15~0.25%, Al :≤0.05%, Ca≤0.0010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤0.0008%, As≤0.04%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb≤0.005%, Pb≤0.002%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.Production procedure is molten iron pretreatment-converter or electric arc furnace smelting-LF refining-RH or VD furnace refining-big continuous casting billet-tandem rolling-rapid cooling-finishing of big section continuous casting CCM, the application optimizes research and control to critical process, steel are made to obtain high degree of purity, high structural homogenity and high consistency, current electroslag remelting production technology is substituted, market product is significantly better than.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology fields, more particularly to a kind of box bearing steel and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
Wind energy is renewable energy most promising at present, is a kind of clean, free of contamination green energy resource, various
In fungible energy source, the Utilization prospects of wind energy are the most wide, and increasingly the attention by countries in the world, the amount of accumulateing are huge.
Wind-driven generator is the core equipment of wind energy utilization, mainly by blade, gear speeder, generator, pylon, control
Several subsystem compositions such as equipment.Core equipment of the gear train assembly as wind-driven generator.Wherein, gear-box is connection machine
The transmission parts of group main shaft and generator, major function are to input the low-speed running of main shaft, are converted to middling speed or high speed is sent out
Output needed for motor is one of important component of wind-driven generator.Torque and the fluctuation of speed of the box bearing due to receiving
Range is big, and traffic load is easily mutated, and cabinet quality and installation space are restricted, and there are plastic deformations etc. for mounting platform, thus with
The application environment of traditional heavy-duty industrial gear-box greatly differs from each other.Lifting and replacement bearing due to wind power generating set are extremely not
Just and higher cost, i.e. up to hundreds of thousands is to up to a million for once mounting cost of dismantling, so that wind power gear axle box bearing is with higher
Technology complexity, be generally acknowledged one of the maximum technology of production domesticization difficulty, also become influence China's wind-power electricity generation manufacturing industry hair
The weakness of exhibition.
According to the specific use and requirement of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing, to raw material bearing steel it is also proposed that very high
It is required that.Currently, wind turbine gearbox speed increaser bearing uses the high-carbon-chromium bearing steel GCrl5SiMn of electric slag refusion and smelting.Due to electricity
The steel of slag remelting processing production have non-metallic inclusion particles tiny and are evenly distributed, structural homogenity is high and consistency is high
Etc. many quality-advantages, therefore, quality stability is preferable always.But there is also production efficiencys, production for electroslag remelting production technology
Can be very low, energy consumption and the very high apparent disadvantage of production cost, therefore, the market competitiveness of electroslag melt steel is very low.If
It is produced using continuous casting process, although occupying a clear edge in terms of production efficiency and cost, since current continuous casting billet is pure
Gap in terms of degree, uniformity is not met by the requirement of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel, therefore uses continuous casting mode
The correlation technique of lot-size production wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel yet there are no report.Further, since GCr15SiMn is adopted
It is marquench, its impact flexibility is relatively poor after quenching, and there is also certain deficiencies.
Summary of the invention
The application proposes a kind of new for wind-driven generator wheel-box on the basis of production high-carbon-chromium bearing steel at present
Bearing steel carries out critical process using vacuum outgas, continuous casting, the high efficiency of rolling, big production capacity, low cost process route
Optimizing research and control make steel obtain high degree of purity, high structural homogenity and high consistency, substitute current electroslag
Remelting production technology, and make performance meet wind-driven generator box bearing steel requirement.
In order to meet degree of purity, uniformity, compactness, wearability and the through hardening of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel material
Property require, the wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing that the application devises a kind of new vacuum outgas+continuous casting technology manufacture is used
Steel.
(1) non-metallic inclusion in steel destroys metallic continuity and uniformity.According to the use condition of bearing,
Under the action of alternate stress, field trash is easy to that stress is caused to be concentrated, and becomes fatigue crack source, reduces the fatigue life of bearing.
Especially for hard brittle inclusion, string-like such as is arranged in along rolling direction or puts the Al of chain2O3It is mingled with (B class), it is indeformable
It is dotted or it is spherical be mingled with (D class) and bulky grain it is dotted or it is spherical be mingled with (Ds class), due to its do not have plasticity, processing and making
With being difficult to deform in the process, constitutes stress and concentrate, shorten the fatigue crack initiation phase, affect the raising of fatigue behaviour.To mention
The degree of purity of the service life of high final products, steel is extremely important, it is necessary to reduction nonmetallic inclusionsin steel as far as possible, especially
It is indeformable hard brittle inclusion size and number.The present invention claims microcosmic brittle inclusion is tiny, specific requirement be see the table below
1.And macroscopical field trash significantly reduces the wearability of steel, serious stress concentration is caused easily to cause in bearing use process
Initial failure, gross imperfection of the invention are visited by (forging rolling rod iron degree of purity water logging ultrasound measuring method) the water logging high frequency of SEP 1927
Hurt method inspection, defect index does not allow more than 2.5mm/dm3。
Table 1
(2) uniformity and consistency of steel macrostructure have an impact to the service life of bearing, and macrostructure uses GB/
T1979 to steel macrostructure grade, the present invention claims center porosity≤1.0 grade, General Loosen≤1.0 grade, pattern segregation≤
1.0 grades, center segregation≤1.0 grade.To improve steel segregation, while requiring the carbon content in finished product bar Central Carbon Segregation region not
More than the 10% of normal smelting carbon content.
(3) bearing steel carbide strip is the coring that molten steel is formed in process of setting, forms carbon high-concentration and low-concentration not
Same segregated zone, after rolling extends, excessive proeutectoid carbide is precipitated in cooling procedure middle and high concentration region, to be formed black
White (high-low carbon) alternate carbide ribbon tissue；Bearing steel carbide network is during roller repairing, since carbon exists
Solubility in austenite reduces, and proeutectoid carbide is precipitated in austenite grain boundary in superfluous carbon；Carbide eliquation is by liquid
When state is to Solid State Transformation, carbon and the alloying element enrichment of final solidified part and generate meta-stable eutectic ledeburite, liquation has
Very high hardness and brittleness are broken into fritter after hot rolling, are distributed along rolling direction, make the wearability and fatigue strength of bearing parts
It significantly reduces, and is easy to produce hardening flaw.And microscopic pores are one of bearing steel internal structural flaws, for along the interrupted shape of crystal boundary
At the crackle or hole of irregular shape, these above-mentioned defects will all reduce the service life of bearing parts, and therefore, the present invention wants
It asks and microscopic pores presence is not allow for using metallographic method detection；Carbide liquid-extraction≤0 grade, carbide strip are detected using metallographic method
≤ 2.0 grades, carbide network≤2.5 grade.
(4) bearing of steel production of the present invention is subjected to heavy shock loads, and traditional GCr15SiMn uses marquench
Afterwards, toughness is poor.And lower bainite austempering method can be used according to steel grade characteristic in the present invention, using lower bainite isothermal
Impact toughness is required to want >=150Jcm after quenching-2。
The present invention solves the above problems used technical solution are as follows: a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel is changed
It studies and is divided into C:0.80~1.05%, Si:0.20~0.45%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.60~1.95%, S≤
0.015%, P≤0.020%, Ni :≤0.25%, Cu≤0.30%, Mo:0.15~0.25%, Al :≤0.05%, Ca≤
0.0010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤0.0008%, As≤0.04%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb≤0.005%, Pb≤
0.002%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.The chemical component of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel of the invention is set
Meter is according to as follows:
1) determination of C content
In high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, the content of carbon is to guarantee that bearing steel has harden ability, hardness, resistance to generally 1.0% or so
One of the most important element of mill property.But carbon content is high again, influences less, to be easy to produce bulk carbide liquid-extraction instead to hardness.
The range of C content of the present invention is determined as 0.80~1.05%.
2) determination of Si content
Si is added in steel, intensity, elastic limit and harden ability can be improved, but Si makes the mistake in steel with reinforced ferrite
Heat sensitivity, crackle and decarburizing tendency increase.The range of Si content of the present invention is determined as 0.20-0.45%.
3) determination of Mn content
Deoxidant element of the Mn as steelmaking process is the effective element of reinforcing to steel, plays solution strengthening effect, but Mn contains
Amount is high, can reduce the toughness of steel.Mn content of the invention is controlled 0.25~0.45%.
4) determination of Cr content
Cr is carbide former, can be improved harden ability, wearability and the corrosion resistance but Cr too high levels of steel,
In conjunction with the carbon in steel, bulk carbide easy to form, this indissoluble carbide reduces the toughness of steel, bearing life decline,
The range of Cr content of the present invention is determined as 1.60-1.95%.
5) determination of Al content
Al is added as deoxidant element in steel, and in addition in order to reduce the dissolved oxygen in molten steel, Al and N forms dispersed and tiny
Aluminum nitride inclusions can refine crystal grain.But when Al content is excessive, bulky grain Al is easily formed during molten steel2O3Etc. brittleness
It is mingled with, reduces Molten Steel Cleanliness, influence the service life of finished product.The range of Al content of the present invention is determined as≤0.05%.
6) determination of Mo content
Molybdenum can make the crystal grain refinement of steel, improve harden ability and thermostrength, keep enough intensity at high temperature and resist compacted
Change ability.But molybdenum is ferrite former, ferrite δ phase or other brittlement phases just easily occurs when molybdenum content is more and makes tough
Property reduce.The range of Mo content of the present invention is determined as 0.15-0.25%
7) determination of Ca content
Ca content will increase the quantity and size of dotted oxide in steel, simultaneously because dotted oxide hardness is high, plasticity
Difference, in steel deformation, its is indeformable, is easy to form gap at interface, makes the degradation of steel.The model of Ca content of the present invention
It encloses and is determined as≤0.001%.
8) determination of Ti content
Ti element can form nitridation titanium inclusion in conjunction with N element, since its hardness is very high, is in tip-angled shape, transport in bearing
Stress concentration is easily caused to be affected bearing life in turning, it is thus determined that Ti≤0.0015%
9) determination of O content
Oxygen content represent oxide total inclusion content number, oxide brittle inclusion limitation influence finished product use the longevity
Life, a large number of experiments show that, the reduction of oxygen content especially reduces steel grade oxide brittle inclusion to raising steel degree of purity and contains
Amount is significant advantageous.The range of oxygen content of the present invention is determined as O≤0.0008%.
10) determination of P, S content
P element causes element segregation in the solidification of steel, and being dissolved in ferrite makes crystal grain distort, is coarse, and increases cold short
Property, it is thus determined that P≤0.020%；S element easily makes steel generate red brittleness, reduces the ductility and toughness of steel, the sulfide of formation
The continuity of steel is also destroyed, it is thus determined that S≤0.015%.
11) determination of As, Sn, Sb, Pb content
The microelements such as As, Sn, Sb, Pb, category low melting point non-ferrous metal, exist in steel, piece surface are caused to go out
Existing soft spots, hardness is uneven, therefore treats them as the harmful element in steel, and the range of these constituent contents of the invention is determined as As
≤ 0.04%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb≤0.005%, Pb≤0.002%.
The another object of the application is to provide the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel, is replaced using continuous casting
The mode working stock of electroslag remelting, manufacturing process are that the big continuous casting billet-tandem rolling of the big section continuous casting CCM of smelting molten steel-- finishing is visited
Wound, piece storage.
Firstly, raw materials for metallurgy is successively taken off through molten iron pretreatment KR, electric furnace or converter smelting, LF refining, RH or VD vacuum
It is so incensed that high-purity, chemical component to meet defined molten steel, in smelting process, the molten steel for meeting steel chemical component should be smelted,
Raw materials for metallurgy selects high-quality molten iron, steel scrap and supplementary material, selects high-quality resistance to material.To tapping terminal in electric furnace or converter steelmaking process
C, terminal P is controlled, terminal C:0.10%~0.70%, terminal P control≤0.018%, 1600 DEG C of tapping temperature~
1700 DEG C and electric furnace or converter tapping slag are prevented using slag-stopping tapping, tapping process adds Al deoxidation.To add during LF refining
Strong slag making and deoxidation operation, LF refining furnace carry out combined deoxidation using Al+SiC, guarantee that the free oxygen content of process is lower, play
The advantage of LF furnace smelting removal of inclusions.Vacuum outgas overall process argon gas stirs, (133Pa) degassing time 15- under high vacuum
35min is handled after vacuum outgas through prolonged soft blow argon, guarantees that non-metallic inclusion sufficiently floats.
Continuous casting is the continuous cast rectangle billet for being 300 × 340mm or more at specification by pouring molten steel.Continuous casting must be whole using anti-
Oxidation protection casting, prevents secondary oxidation of steel, and select the dedicated better dross inclusion adsorption of tundish covering slag.Continuous casting is adopted
With Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, the continuous casting degree of superheat requires 10-35 DEG C, at the same continuous casting using advanced middle packet induction heating, electromagnetic agitation,
The advanced process of slighter compress is equipped, to control the segregation of steel.
It rolls preceding heating: will be heated in the hot delivering technology of CC billets to walking beam furnace produced, wherein preheating section temperature
Control is at 800-950 DEG C, and the control of bringing-up section temperature is at 1100-1250 DEG C, and soaking section temperature is controlled at 1150-1250 DEG C, to protect
It is full and uniform heated to demonstrate,prove blank, so as to improve steel carbide segregation, while to prevent heating time too long and generating micro- hole
Gap, total heating time control was at 10-20 hours.
The continuous casting billet after heating furnace enters in roughing-after high pressure water dephosphorization out rolls-mm finishing mill unit, is rolled into φ 120- φ
200 pole material, control roughing start rolling temperature are 950 DEG C -1100 DEG C, roll steel in austenite one phase area.In order to
The carbide network of steel is controlled, steel finishing temperature is necessary >=Arcm, it is ensured that secondary cementite is not entered before rapid cooling, and area is precipitated
Between, if but finishing temperature it is excessively high, austenite is in perfect recrystallization state, is unfavorable for refining the disperse analysis of crystal grain and carbide
Out, and then chance into the net is reduced, needs stronger cooling rate to pass through two-phase section, therefore finishing temperature control is in 750-850
℃。
In cooling procedure after finish to gauge, it is the precipitation region for jumping out a large amount of secondary cementites rapidly, needs after finish to gauge
Rapid cooling, but to prevent cooling rate too fast, it prevents from forming brittleness bainite and martensite tissue, cooling rate is also unsuitable too fast, it is desirable that finish to gauge
The control of steel surface red temperature is between 550 DEG C -720 DEG C afterwards.In addition, should be followed first fast in cooling procedure after finish to gauge
Slow principle afterwards, because internal-external temperature difference is big, and surface temperature is low for big specification steel, center portion temperature is high, and control is risen again, center portion
It is the region of net carbon most serious；If cooling rate is big always, surface intensity of cooling is big, and cooling rate is big, and center portion easily enters bainite+horse
Section is precipitated in family name's body, and surface layer or whole cross section form martensitic structure, easily cause steel brittle failure.
The main production feature of the application is as follows:
1, chemically say on ingredient, pre-processed by molten iron, while the quality of strict control steel scrap, preferably low titanium alloy,
Deoxidier and refractory material；Converter tapping uses slag-stopping tapping, and the technologies such as control such as skim after furnace, solving the prior art has
The higher problem of evil element ti, Ca, As, Sn, Pb, Sb content；The O in steel is contained using the vacuum outgas of core deoxy technology simultaneously
Amount is reduced to extremely low level, and the amount of inclusions and size reach world lead level.
2, continuous casting uses Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, and using tundish induction heating, slighter compress and electromagnetic agitation, is effectively improved
Slab segregation and material structure；High temperature diffusion technology is heated in steel rolling, and Central Carbon Segregation is made to have enough temperature and times to be expanded
It dissipates, while rolling using the big pressure of roughing, improve low multiple quality.
3, steel rolling improves the Central Carbon Segregation of steel by High temperature diffusion, and steel rolling uses zerolling+controlled rolling and controlled cooling
Technology etc., effectively inhibition carbide strip, control the non-uniformity index of steel carbide.
4, electroslag remelting technique is compared, is contracted significantly from manufacturing process using vacuum outgas plus the production technology of continuous casting
The production cycle is subtracted, has improved production efficiency, effectively reduced manufacturing cost, the production of large-scale metaplasia is conducive to improve material
Ingredient and quality stability.
5, wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel produced by the invention meets following index request:
Detect that microcosmic brittle inclusion B is carefully≤1.5 grades, B is slightly≤0.5 grade, D is carefully≤0.5 grade, D using metallographic method
Thick system≤0.5 grade, system≤1.0 grade DS；Microscopic pores are not allow for using metallographic method detection to exist；The center porosity of macrostructure
Carbide liquid-extraction≤0 grade, carbide are detected using metallographic method in≤1.0 grades, General Loosen≤1.0 grade, pattern segregation≤1.0 grade
Band-like≤2.0 grades, carbide network≤2.5 grade.It is detected using 1927 water logging high-frequency flaw detection of SEP, defect index does not allow more than
2.5mm/dm3.The carbon content in finished product bar Central Carbon Segregation region is no more than the 10% of normal smelting carbon content.Using lower bayesian
After body isothermal hardening, impact toughness wants >=150Jcm-2。
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiments.
The GCr15SiMn of the various embodiments of the present invention present invention and (as a comparison) electroslag remelting used currently on the market
Chemical component (wt%) be shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Table 3
The field trash comparison of each embodiment steel is shown in Table 4
Table 4
Carbide inhomogeneities and the microscopic pores comparison of each embodiment steel are shown in Table 5
Table 5
6 various embodiments of the present invention of table are after lower bainite austempering, and (compared steel actually uses feelings according to it with compared steel
Condition is handled using marquench), impact toughness reduced value
| Impact flexibility aKU(J·cm-2) | |
| The embodiment of the present invention 1 | 156 |
| The embodiment of the present invention 2 | 162 |
| The embodiment of the present invention 3 | 170 |
| Compared steel | 72 |
The low power data of each embodiment steel are shown in Table 7
| Center porosity | General Loosen | Pattern segregation | Center segregation | |
| The embodiment of the present invention 1 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| The embodiment of the present invention 2 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| The embodiment of the present invention 3 | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Compared steel | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
The manufacturing process of the wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel of each embodiment is using molten iron pretreatment+top and bottom complex blowing
Converter BOF (high-power electric arc furnace EAF)-ladle refining furnace LF- vacuum degassing furnace RH (VD furnace)-is big, and section continuous casting CCM is big
Continuous casting billet-tandem rolling-rapid cooling-finishing moulding process produces steel.
When specific smelting, high-quality molten iron, steel scrap and supplementary material are selected, high-quality deoxidier and refractory material are selected.In electricity
In furnace/converter production process, the tapping terminal C of three embodiments is controlled respectively in 0.10%-0.70%, terminal P control≤
0.018% hereinafter, the continuous casting degree of superheat controls within 10-35 DEG C.It will add in the hot delivering technology of CC billets to walking beam furnace of production
Heat is simultaneously rolled into target bar, and steel rolling heating, rolling and cooling technique are as shown in table 8 below.Again then by bar through it is subsequent aligning,
Target rod product is made in flaw detection.
Table 8
By table 3,4,5,6,7 it is found that one of the above various embodiments of the present invention wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel
Compared with the GCr15SiMn steel of electroslag remelting, harmful element such as oxygen, titanium and non-metallic inclusion controlled level will obviously be got well,
I.e. steel degree of purity will be substantially better than the product of electroslag remelting technique production, in terms of macroscopic examination result, low power matter of the invention
Amount and no worse than compared steel, and carbide inhomogeneities reflects uniformity of the invention, consistency also substantially close to compared steel
It is suitable with the steel product quality of electroslag remelting process production.The above analysis, the present invention add continuous casting work using vacuum outgas
The wind turbine gearbox bearing steel of skill production, can substitute original electroslag remelting process, significantly improve production efficiency, reduce
Production cost, significantly increases product competitiveness.
In conclusion a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel of the present invention, by the degree of purity for improving steel
General thought takes vacuum outgas, continuous casting, the high efficiency of rolling, big production capacity, low cost process route, carries out to critical process
Optimizing research and control so that steel be made to obtain high degree of purity, high structural homogenity and high consistency, and can be replaced
For original electroslag remelting process.
In addition to the implementation, all to use equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement the invention also includes there is an other embodiments
The technical solution that mode is formed should all be fallen within the scope of the hereto appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel, it is characterised in that: the chemical component of the steel is C:0.80~1.05%,
Si:0.20~0.45%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.60~1.95%, S≤0.015%, P≤0.020%, Ni :≤
0.25%, Cu≤0.30%, Mo:0.15~0.25%, Al :≤0.05%, Ca≤0.0010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤
0.0008%, As≤0.04%, Sn≤0.03%, Sb≤0.005%, Pb≤0.002%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
2. a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel, it is characterised in that:
Detect microcosmic brittle inclusion using metallographic method to meet: B is carefully≤1.5 grades, B is slightly≤1.0 grades, D is carefully≤1.0 grades, D
Thick system≤1.0 grades, system≤1.0 grade DS；
Gross imperfection is detected using 1927 water logging high-frequency flaw detection of SEP, defect index is no more than 2.5mm/dm3；
It is graded using GB/T 1979 to steel macrostructure, meets center porosity≤1.0 grade, General Loosen≤1.0 grade, ingot shape
≤ 1.0 grades of segregation, center segregation≤1.0 grade；The carbon content in finished product bar Central Carbon Segregation region is no more than normal smelting carbon and contains
The 10% of amount；
Existed using metallographic method detection without White flakes；Using metallographic method detection carbide liquid-extraction≤0 grade, carbide strip≤
2.0 grades, carbide network≤2.5 grade.
3. a kind of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel, it is characterised in that: using after lower bainite austempering, impact tough
Degree >=150Jcm-2。
4. a kind of method for producing the wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel of any of claims 1-3, feature
Be: process includes
(1) smelting molten steel；
(2) continuous casting: continuous casting goes out the continuous cast rectangle billet that the specification being consistent with steel product chemical component is 300 × 340mm or more
Or CCM continuous casting billet；
(3) tandem rolling: rolling into the pole material of φ 120- φ 200 into milling train unit, and control start rolling temperature makes in austenite one phase area
It is rolled；Control finishing temperature it is necessary >=Arcm, preferably finishing temperature control is at 750-850 DEG C；
(4) cooling: carrying out rapid cooling to round steel bar after finish to gauge makes the precipitation region for jumping out a large amount of secondary cementites rapidly, and to control
Cooling velocity processed avoids too fast cooling, it is desirable that the control of steel surface red temperature is between 550 DEG C -720 DEG C after finish to gauge；It goes forward side by side
Principle first quick and back slow is followed in one step control cooling procedure, control cooling velocity gradually or paragraph by paragraph reduces to avoid center portion entrance
Section is precipitated in bainite+martensite.
5. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step 1
It is by raw materials for metallurgy successively through molten iron pretreatment KR, electric furnace or converter smelting, LF refining, RH or VD vacuum outgas.
6. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: electric furnace or
In converter steelmaking process, tapping terminal C, terminal P are controlled, terminal C:0.10%~0.70%, terminal P control≤
0.018%, tapping temperature is controlled at 1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C, and is using slag-stopping tapping technique, and tapping process adds Al deoxidation.
7. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: LF refining
To reinforce slag making and deoxidation operation in the process, LF refining furnace carries out combined deoxidation using Al+SiC, guarantees that the free oxygen of process contains
Amount is in reduced levels, plays the advantage that LF furnace smelts removal of inclusions.
8. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: vacuum is de-
Gas overall process argon gas stirs, 15~35min of degassing time under the conditions of high vacuum (133Pa or less), through for a long time after vacuum outgas
Soft blow argon processing, guarantee non-metallic inclusion sufficiently float.
9. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step 2
Continuous casting whole must be poured using protection against oxidation, prevent secondary oxidation of steel, and select dedicated tundish covering slag better
Dross inclusion adsorption, continuous casting use Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, and the continuous casting degree of superheat is 10~35 DEG C, while continuous casting is using advanced middle packet sense
It should heat, the advanced process of electromagnetic agitation, slighter compress is equipped to control the segregation of steel.
10. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step 3
Continuous casting billet is heated before rolling, wherein the control of preheating section temperature at 800~950 DEG C, the control of bringing-up section temperature 1100~
1250 DEG C, soaking section temperature is controlled at 1150~1250 DEG C, and total heating time control was at 10~20 hours.
11. the production method of wind-driven generator wheel-box bearing steel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step 3
Continuous casting billet after heating furnace out is entered in roughing-after high pressure water dephosphorization and rolls-mm finishing mill unit, roughing start rolling temperature is 950 DEG C
~1100 DEG C, make to be rolled in austenite one phase area.
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