CN109337715B - Biomass gasification power generation system and method - Google Patents
Biomass gasification power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109337715B CN109337715B CN201811284197.0A CN201811284197A CN109337715B CN 109337715 B CN109337715 B CN 109337715B CN 201811284197 A CN201811284197 A CN 201811284197A CN 109337715 B CN109337715 B CN 109337715B
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a biomass gasification power generation system, which comprises a biomass gasification subsystem and a semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem; the biomass gasification subsystem comprises a feeding device, a biomass gasification furnace, a gas purifying and cooling device, an oxygen source, an oxygen supply compressor of the gasification furnace, an oxygen supply compressor of a combustion chamber, a hydraulic turbine, a gas compressor and the like. The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem comprises a first carbon dioxide pump, an intercooler, a second carbon dioxide pump, a regenerator, a combustion chamber, a turbine, a generator, a cooler, a water separator, a condenser, a carbon dioxide collecting device and the like. The invention also provides a biomass gasification power generation method. The system has high efficiency, the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circularly works at high temperature and high pressure parameters, and the power generation efficiency is high; carbon dioxide negative emission, no additional carbon capturing device is needed; the system is simple, the structure is compact, the operation is flexible, and a small or large biomass gasification power plant without a chimney can be formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomass gasification power generation system and a biomass gasification power generation method, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation.
Background
The reports issued by the united states inter-government climate change committee (IPCC) state that if the global warming is developing at an existing rate, the world average air temperature will be 1.5 degrees higher than before the industrial revolution between year 2030 and year 2052. Thus, the rapid development of zero-carbon-emission power generation technology will become an urgent social demand.
Biomass is one of important renewable energy sources, has the advantages of rich resources, renewable resources, wide distribution area, less emission of atmospheric pollutants and the like, and greatly develops biomass energy power generation technology at home and abroad. The biomass power generation technology mainly comprises four types of direct combustion power generation, mixed combustion power generation, pyrolysis gasification power generation and biogas power generation, wherein the biomass pyrolysis gasification combined cycle power generation system has high power generation efficiency and represents the advanced level of biomass gasification power generation. However, whether biomass power generation is a true carbon dioxide zero emission power generation mode is still controversial in the industry because biomass power plants still have chimneys that discharge flue gas in practice.
In recent years, the development of power cycle technology using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium is fast, and in particular, the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle directly heated by pure oxygen combustion has the advantages of high-efficiency power generation and low-cost carbon capture, and the system is simple, compact in structure and good in flexibility. The biomass fuel gas can be used as fuel of semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide, the latter can conveniently separate water and redundant carbon dioxide, the water can be used as gasifying agent of biomass gasification furnace, and the carbon dioxide can be directly collected for other purposes or sealed. Therefore, the biomass gasification power generation system adopting the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation can realize zero emission or negative emission of carbon dioxide, and has high social benefit.
How to integrate a biomass gasification system and a semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation system is a problem addressed by those skilled in the art. The power generation system has no relevant report in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: how to integrate the biomass gasification system and the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation system to form a carbon-negative-emission and high-efficiency power generation system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a biomass gasification power generation system, which is characterized in that: comprises a semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem and a biomass gasification subsystem;
the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem comprises a first carbon dioxide pump, wherein an outlet of the first carbon dioxide pump is connected with an inlet of an intercooler, an outlet of the intercooler is connected with an inlet of a second carbon dioxide pump, an outlet of the second carbon dioxide pump is connected with an inlet of a low-temperature side of a heat regenerator, an outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of a working medium side of a combustion chamber, an outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with a turbine inlet, the turbine is connected with a generator, an outlet of the turbine is connected with an inlet of a high-temperature side of the heat regenerator, an outlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of a cooler, an outlet of the cooler is connected with an inlet of a water separator, an outlet of the water separator is connected with an inlet of a condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the inlet of the first carbon dioxide pump and an inlet of a carbon dioxide collecting device;
the biomass gasification subsystem comprises a feeding device, an outlet of the feeding device is connected with a feeding port of a biomass gasification furnace, and a fuel gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace is connected with a fuel gas inlet of a fuel gas purifying and cooling device; the oxygen source outlet is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor of the biomass gasification furnace and the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor of the combustion chamber;
the gas purifying and cooling device is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and four preheaters, namely a first preheater, a second preheater, a third preheater and a fourth preheater, are arranged in the gas purifying device;
the outlet of the combustion chamber oxygen supply compressor is connected with the inlet of the first preheater, and the outlet of the first preheater is connected with the oxygen inlet of the combustion chamber of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem;
the gas outlet of the gas purifying and cooling device is connected with the inlet of the gas compressor, the outlet of the gas compressor is connected with the inlet of the second preheater, and the outlet of the second preheater is connected with the gas inlet of the combustion chamber of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulating subsystem.
The outlet of the oxygen supply compressor of the biomass gasifier is connected with the inlet of the third preheater, and the outlet of the third preheater is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier.
The water outlet of the water separator of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem is connected with the water turbine inlet, the water turbine outlet is connected with the inlet of the fourth preheater, and the outlet of the fourth preheater is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier.
Preferably, the fourth preheater outlet and the third preheater outlet are converged and then connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier.
Preferably, the biomass gasification furnace is a pressurized fluidized bed, and the pressure is more than 1 MPa.
Preferably, the gasifying agent of the biomass gasifier is a mixed gas of pure oxygen and steam.
The invention also provides a biomass gasification power generation method, which is characterized in that: the biomass gasification power generation system comprises the following steps:
the biomass is fed into a biomass gasification furnace through a feeding device, pure oxygen and steam mixed gasifying agent are injected into the biomass gasification furnace, crude fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace enters a fuel gas purifying and cooling device, and clean fuel gas formed after purification and cooling is supplied to a combustion chamber of semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation;
one path of oxygen from an oxygen source is used as a gasifying agent, is pressurized to the specified pressure of the biomass gasification furnace by an oxygen compressor of the biomass gasification furnace, and is preheated by a third preheater of the gas purifying and cooling device; the water from the water separator of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation is depressurized to the specified pressure of the biomass gasification furnace through a hydraulic turbine, and the pressure energy is recovered and then heated and vaporized through a fourth preheater of the gas purification cooling device, and then the water is converged with oxygen from the third preheater of the gas purification cooling device and enters the biomass gasification furnace;
clean fuel gas from the fuel gas purifying and cooling device is pressurized by the fuel gas compressor and preheated by the second preheater of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device, then enters the combustion chamber, and the other path of oxygen from the oxygen source is pressurized by the combustion chamber to the oxygen compressor and preheated by the first preheater of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device, then enters the combustion chamber;
the first carbon dioxide pump pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is raised, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is reduced by the intercooler, the second carbon dioxide pump pressurizes the carbon dioxide working medium, the pressurized carbon dioxide working medium is heated by the heat regenerator, and the pressurized carbon dioxide working medium enters the combustion chamber to be heated by gas combustion; the mixed gas discharged from the combustion chamber enters a turbine to expand and do work so as to push a generator to generate electricity; the turbine exhaust releases waste heat through a heat regenerator, is cooled through a cooler, dehumidifies through a water separator, and is cooled into liquid through a condenser; wherein, surplus carbon dioxide is stored in the carbon dioxide collecting device, and the rest carbon dioxide returns to the first carbon dioxide pump.
Preferably, the outlet pressure of the second carbon dioxide pump is more than 15 MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of the turbine inlet working medium is above 800 ℃.
Preferably, the turbine exhaust temperature is below 750 ℃, and the turbine exhaust pressure is 5-7 MPa.
Preferably, the higher temperature components in the combustion chamber and turbine are cooled by the extracted lower temperature carbon dioxide working fluid.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide collected by the carbon dioxide collection means is used for industrial purposes, enhanced oil recovery or sequestration.
Compared with the prior art, the biomass gasification power generation system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the system has high efficiency, the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circularly works at high temperature and high pressure parameters, and the power generation efficiency is high;
2. the carbon dioxide is emitted negatively, the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide is combusted by pure oxygen in a circulating way, and the carbon dioxide in the biomass fuel gas and the carbon dioxide in combustion products can be directly collected through a circulating system without an additional carbon capturing device;
3. the system is simple, the structure is compact, the operation is flexible, and a small or large biomass gasification power plant without a chimney can be formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification power generation system provided in this embodiment;
reference numerals illustrate:
the device comprises a first carbon dioxide pump, a 2-intercooler, a 3-second carbon dioxide pump, a 4-regenerator, a 5-combustion chamber, a 6-turbine, a 7-generator, an 8-cooler, a 9-water separator, a 10-condenser, an 11-carbon dioxide collecting device, a 12-feeding device, a 13-biomass gasifier, a 14-gas purification cooling device, a 15-oxygen source, a 16-biomass gasifier oxygen-feeding compressor, a 17-combustion chamber oxygen-feeding compressor, a 18-hydraulic turbine, a 19-gas compressor, a 141-first preheater, a 142-second preheater, a 143-third preheater and a 144-fourth preheater.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification power generation system according to the present embodiment, where the biomass gasification power generation system includes a biomass gasification subsystem and a semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem.
The biomass gasification subsystem comprises a feeding device 12, an outlet of the feeding device 12 is connected with a feeding hole of a biomass gasification furnace 13, and a fuel gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace 13 is connected with a fuel gas inlet of a fuel gas purifying and cooling device 14. The outlet of the oxygen source 15 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor 16 of the biomass gasification furnace, and the other path is connected with the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor 17 of the combustion chamber.
The gas purifying and cooling device 14 is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, four preheaters, namely a first preheater 141, a second preheater 142, a third preheater 143 and a fourth preheater 144, are arranged in the gas purifying and cooling device 14, and heated media are arranged in the four preheaters and are at the low temperature side.
The outlet of the combustion chamber oxygen supply compressor 17 is connected with the inlet of the first preheater 141, and the outlet of the first preheater 141 is connected with the oxygen inlet of the combustion chamber 5 of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem.
The gas outlet of the gas purifying and cooling device 14 is connected with the inlet of the gas compressor 19, the outlet of the gas compressor 19 is connected with the inlet of the second preheater 142, and the outlet of the second preheater 142 is connected with the gas inlet of the combustion chamber 5 of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem.
The outlet of the oxygen supply compressor 16 of the biomass gasifier is connected with the inlet of the third preheater 143, and the outlet of the third preheater 143 is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier 13 after being converged with the outlet of the fourth preheater 144.
The water outlet of the water separator 9 of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem is connected with the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 18, the outlet of the hydraulic turbine 18 is connected with the inlet of the fourth preheater 144, and the outlet of the fourth preheater 144 is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasification furnace 13 after being converged with the outlet of the third preheater 143.
The semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem comprises a first carbon dioxide pump 1, an outlet of the first carbon dioxide pump 1 is connected with an inlet of an intercooler 2, an outlet of the intercooler 2 is connected with an inlet of a second carbon dioxide pump 3, an outlet of the second carbon dioxide pump 3 is connected with a low-temperature side inlet of a heat regenerator 4, an outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 4 is connected with a working medium side inlet of a combustion chamber 5, an outlet of the combustion chamber 5 is connected with an inlet of a turbine 6, the turbine 6 is connected with a generator 7, an outlet of the turbine 6 is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator 4, an outlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator 4 is connected with an inlet of a cooler 8, an outlet of the cooler 8 is connected with an inlet of a water separator 9, an outlet of the water separator 9 is connected with an inlet of a condenser 10, and an outlet of the condenser 10 is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with an inlet of the first carbon dioxide pump 1 and an inlet of a carbon dioxide collecting device 11.
All the devices of the biomass gasification power generation system provided by the embodiment are connected through pipelines, and according to the control requirement of the system, the pipelines can be provided with devices such as valves and meters. Auxiliary facilities, electrical systems, control systems, etc. may also be included in the system.
The specific steps of the biomass gasification power generation system provided in this embodiment when in use are as follows:
biomass is fed into a biomass gasification furnace 13 through a feeding device 12, pure oxygen and steam mixed gasifying agent are injected into the biomass gasification furnace 13, the pressure of the biomass gasification furnace 13 is 2MPa, crude fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace 13 enters a fuel gas purifying and cooling device 14, and clean fuel gas formed after purification and cooling is supplied to a combustion chamber 5 of semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation;
one path of oxygen from the oxygen source 15 is used as a gasifying agent, is pressurized to the pressure of 2MPa of the biomass gasification furnace 13 by the biomass gasification furnace oxygen compressor 16, and is preheated by the third preheater 143 of the gas purifying and cooling device 14. The water from the water separator 9 of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation is depressurized to the pressure of 2MPa of the biomass gasification furnace 13 by the hydraulic turbine 18, and the pressure energy is recovered, heated and vaporized by the fourth preheater 144 of the gas purification cooling device 14, and then is converged with oxygen coming out of the third preheater 143 of the gas purification cooling device 14 to enter the biomass gasification furnace 13.
Clean fuel gas from the fuel gas purifying and cooling device 14 is pressurized by the fuel gas compressor 19 and preheated by the second preheater 142 of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device 14 and then enters the combustion chamber 5, and another path of oxygen from the oxygen source 15 is pressurized by the combustion chamber to the oxygen compressor 17 and preheated by the first preheater 141 of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device 14 and then enters the combustion chamber 5. The first carbon dioxide pump 1 pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium to 15MPa, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is raised, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is reduced by the intercooler 2 and then is pressurized to 35MPa by the second carbon dioxide pump 3, the pressurized carbon dioxide working medium is heated by the regenerator 4 and then enters the combustion chamber 5 to be heated to 1100 ℃ by gas combustion. The mixed gas discharged from the combustion chamber 5 enters a turbine 6 to be expanded to 6MPa, the turbine 6 pushes a generator 7 to generate electric power, the exhaust gas of the turbine 6 releases waste heat through a heat regenerator 4, the waste heat is cooled through a cooler 8, the water is dehumidified through a water separator 9, and finally the waste heat is cooled into liquid through a condenser 10. Wherein, surplus carbon dioxide is stored in the carbon dioxide collecting means 11, and the rest carbon dioxide is returned to the first carbon dioxide pump 1. The carbon dioxide collected by the carbon dioxide collection means 11 may be used for industrial purposes, enhanced oil recovery, or sequestration. The excess water can be recycled after being discharged from the system.
The biomass gasification power generation system provided by the invention has no chimney for discharging flue gas, all biomass combustion products are collected, carbon dioxide is not discharged to the atmosphere, and carbon emission can be realized.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
While the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and additions may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Equivalent embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings disclosed herein, when considered in the light of the foregoing disclosure, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A biomass gasification power generation system, characterized in that: comprises a semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem and a biomass gasification subsystem;
the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem comprises a first carbon dioxide pump (1), wherein an outlet of the first carbon dioxide pump (1) is connected with an inlet of an intercooler (2), an outlet of the intercooler (2) is connected with an inlet of a second carbon dioxide pump (3), an outlet of the second carbon dioxide pump (3) is connected with a low-temperature side inlet of a heat regenerator (4), a low-temperature side outlet of the heat regenerator (4) is connected with a working medium side inlet of a combustion chamber (5), an outlet of the combustion chamber (5) is connected with an inlet of a turbine (6), the turbine (6) is connected with a generator (7), an outlet of the turbine (6) is connected with a high-temperature side inlet of the heat regenerator (4), an outlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator (4) is connected with an inlet of a cooler (8), an outlet of the cooler (8) is connected with an inlet of a water separator (9), an outlet of the water separator (9) is connected with an inlet of a condenser (10), and an outlet of the condenser (10) is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with an inlet of the first carbon dioxide pump (1) and an inlet of a carbon dioxide collecting device (11).
The biomass gasification subsystem comprises a feeding device (12), an outlet of the feeding device (12) is connected with a feeding hole of a biomass gasification furnace (13), and a fuel gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace (13) is connected with a fuel gas inlet of a fuel gas purifying and cooling device (14); the outlet of the oxygen source (15) is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor (16) of the biomass gasification furnace and the inlet of the oxygen supply compressor (17) of the combustion chamber;
the gas purifying and cooling device (14) is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and four preheaters, namely a first preheater (141), a second preheater (142), a third preheater (143) and a fourth preheater (144), are arranged in the gas purifying and cooling device (14);
the outlet of the combustion chamber oxygen supply compressor (17) is connected with the inlet of the first preheater (141), and the outlet of the first preheater (141) is connected with the oxygen inlet of the combustion chamber (5) of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem;
the gas outlet of the gas purifying and cooling device (14) is connected with the inlet of the gas compressor (19), the outlet of the gas compressor (19) is connected with the inlet of the second preheater (142), and the outlet of the second preheater (142) is connected with the gas inlet of the combustion chamber (5) of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem;
the outlet of the oxygen supply compressor (16) of the biomass gasifier is connected with the inlet of the third preheater (143), and the outlet of the third preheater (143) is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier (13);
the water outlet of the water separator (9) of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem is connected with the inlet of the hydraulic turbine (18), the outlet of the hydraulic turbine (18) is connected with the inlet of the fourth preheater (144), and the outlet of the fourth preheater (144) is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier (13).
2. A biomass gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: and the outlet of the fourth preheater (144) is converged with the outlet of the third preheater (143) and then is connected with the gasifying agent inlet of the biomass gasifier (13).
3. A biomass gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the biomass gasification furnace (13) is a pressurized fluidized bed, and the pressure is more than 1 MPa.
4. A biomass gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the gasifying agent of the biomass gasifier is a mixed gas of pure oxygen and steam.
5. A biomass gasification power generation method is characterized in that: a biomass gasification power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
the biomass is sent into a biomass gasification furnace (13) through a feeding device (12), pure oxygen and steam mixed gasifying agent are injected into the biomass gasification furnace (13), crude fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace (13) enters a fuel gas purifying and cooling device (14), and clean fuel gas formed after purification and cooling is supplied to a combustion chamber (5) of semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation;
one path of oxygen from an oxygen source (15) is used as a gasifying agent, is pressurized to the specified pressure of the biomass gasification furnace (13) by an oxygen compressor (16) of the biomass gasification furnace, and is preheated by a third preheater (143) of a gas purification cooling device (14); the water from the water separator (9) of the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation is depressurized to the regulated pressure of the biomass gasification furnace (13) through a hydraulic turbine (18), and the pressure energy is recovered and then heated and gasified through a fourth preheater (144) of the gas purification cooling device (14), and then is converged with oxygen from a third preheater (143) of the gas purification cooling device (14) to enter the biomass gasification furnace (13);
clean fuel gas from the fuel gas purifying and cooling device (14) is pressurized by a fuel gas compressor (19) and preheated by a second preheater (142) of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device (14) and then enters the combustion chamber (5), and the other path of oxygen from the oxygen source (15) is pressurized by an oxygen compressor (17) through the combustion chamber and preheated by a first preheater (141) of the fuel gas purifying and cooling device (14) and then enters the combustion chamber (5);
the first carbon dioxide pump (1) pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is increased, the carbon dioxide working medium is pressurized by the second carbon dioxide pump (3) after being cooled by the intercooler (2), and the pressurized carbon dioxide working medium is heated by the regenerator (4) and then enters the combustion chamber (5) to be heated by gas combustion; the mixed gas discharged from the combustion chamber (5) enters the turbine (6) to expand and do work so as to push the generator (7) to generate electric power; the exhaust gas of the turbine (6) is subjected to waste heat release through a heat regenerator (4), is cooled through a cooler (8), dehumidified through a water separator (9), and finally is cooled into liquid through a condenser (10); wherein excess carbon dioxide is stored in the carbon dioxide collecting means (11), and the remaining carbon dioxide is returned to the first carbon dioxide pump (1).
6. A method of biomass gasification power generation according to claim 5, wherein: the outlet pressure of the second carbon dioxide pump (3) is more than 15 MPa.
7. A method of biomass gasification power generation according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the turbine (6) is more than 800 ℃.
8. A method of biomass gasification power generation according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the exhaust gas of the turbine (6) is below 750 ℃, and the pressure of the exhaust gas of the turbine (6) is 5-7 MPa.
9. A method of biomass gasification power generation according to claim 5, wherein: the higher temperature components in the combustion chamber (5) and turbine (6) are cooled by the extracted lower temperature carbon dioxide working medium.
10. A method of biomass gasification power generation according to claim 5, wherein: the carbon dioxide collected by the carbon dioxide collecting device (11) is used for industrial use, enhanced oil exploitation or sealing.
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| CN109854382A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Zero carbon emission heat power generating system of one kind and method |
| CN110307089A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-08 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method |
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