CN109336388A - A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109336388A CN109336388A CN201811398213.9A CN201811398213A CN109336388A CN 109336388 A CN109336388 A CN 109336388A CN 201811398213 A CN201811398213 A CN 201811398213A CN 109336388 A CN109336388 A CN 109336388A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glaze
- ultralow temperature
- raw material
- temperature glaze
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze, include the following steps: that (1) weighs the raw material of 15.16Wt% potassium feldspar, 16Wt% albite, 14.2Wt% talcum, 9.1Wt% calcite, 12.4Wt% kaolin, 20.76Wt% quartz, 1.88Wt% borax, 2.48Wt% barium carbonate, 8.02Wt% zinc oxide with precision electronic balance；(2) with small ball milling altar machine grind raw material to 250 mesh fineness and tail over < 0.5% glaze powder, working speed 20rad/min；(3) 37.5% deionized water is added into glaze powder, is deployed into glaze slip, obtains ultralow temperature glaze.The raw material that the ultralow temperature glaze uses all has the features such as impurity content is few, and volume change is small in sintering process, and glaze paint is flat and smooth after firing, and glossiness is high, and the transparency is good, there is stronger heat resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of the technical field of ultralow temperature glaze technique more particularly to a kind of ultralow temperature glaze and
Process for calcining.
Background technique
Ceramic glaze gradually becomes national economy and leads from the development that daily necessities have been subjected to the long period so far is become
One of important materials in domain.The ceramics in China are sold abroad, and the ceramics for being used to export are typically all unabroken first-class system
Product, it is expensive, huge profit is brought to Ceramics Enterprises.However, having in many quality slightly has during Production of Ceramics
A little the second-class of flaw, third grade product and substandard products etc., (the substandard products porcelain generally generated accounts for 10% or so, and the breakage rate of Production of Ceramics also exists
Between 3%~5%), these products are most of at home inexpensively to sell, or sell directly as refractory material, greatly
Affect the income effect of producer.Even some producers substandard products refuse that some damaged degrees are very big, and recycle
Cost than buy again clay production cost it is big, so Ye You producer has selected direct discarding for substandard products.For this
One situation, some businessmans look for another way, and take reasonable solution: the spot on ceramic surface being removed, with glaze weight
New covering firing.It is produced by such method, it will increase substantially ceramic product yield rate, this pottery for playing surface reconditioning
Glaze preferably takes firing, in order to avoid destroying original glaze paint and idiosome, and energy consumption and product cost can be greatly lowered.
Present domestic and international developed low temperature glaze firing temperature is all at 1000 DEG C or so, and most of is fritted glaze or leaded
Glaze, complex manufacturing technology pollute environment and are not carried out energy saving final purpose.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze is provided
And process for calcining, the raw material which uses all have the features such as impurity content is few, and volume change is small in sintering process,
Glaze paint is flat and smooth after firing, and glossiness is high, and the transparency is good, there is stronger heat resistance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze, including
Following steps:
(1) with precision electronic balance weigh 15.16Wt% potassium feldspar, 16Wt% albite, 14.2Wt% talcum,
9.1Wt% calcite, 12.4Wt% kaolin, 20.76Wt% quartz, 1.88Wt% borax, 2.48Wt% barium carbonate,
The raw material of 8.02Wt% zinc oxide；
(2) with small ball milling altar machine grind raw material to 250 mesh fineness and tail over < 0.5% glaze powder, working speed is
20rad/min；
(3) 37.5% deionized water is added into glaze powder, is deployed into glaze slip, obtains ultralow temperature glaze.
Further, in the step (1), borax is become NaB through 400 DEG C of calcinings in advance4O7·H2O.This is to keep away
Exempt from glaze quality problem caused by glaze is largely dehydrated in roasting process because of borax.
Potassium feldspar: being produced using Hunan Deng Feng, white.Chemical formula K (AlSi3O8), it is most common most basic in feldspar race
It is a kind of.Each component theory group becomes K2O16.9%, Al2O318.4%, SiO264.7%, belong to monoclinic system, common Ka Siba is bis-
Crystalline substance, density 2.56~2.59, Mohs' hardness 6.1150 DEG C ± 20 DEG C start to decompose melting, generate white garnet (K2O·Al2O3·
4SiO2) and silica glass, melt temperature scope is wide, and viscosity of high-temperature melt is big, and the raising of viscosity with temperature reduces quickly, has
Apparent fluxing action, while can also play high-temperature thermoplastic and high temperature cementation, it prevents ceramic high temperature from deforming, it is dry to improve it
Dry intensity.
Albite: being produced using Hengshan Mountain, white.Chemical formula Na (AlSi3O8), belong to anorthic system, is often plate or plate
Column crystal, density 2.60~2.65, Mohs' hardness 6.0~6.5.1120 DEG C start to melt, and are generated when molten state without new crystal phase,
Liquid phase is sufficiently stable.Albite has very strong fluxing action, and the chemical stability of enamel can be improved, and high temperature viscosity is low, thus burns
At deformation of products is easily caused in the process, flat and smooth glaze paint being advantageously formed, but linear firing range is narrow, breaking strength is low,
Individually make flux using when be unfavorable for temperature in process of producing product and control, often with potassium feldspar consolute.
Talcum: using Guangxi forest products, blocky, white.Chemical formula 3MgO4SiO2·H2O, each component theory composition
For MgO31.9%, SiO263.4%, H2O4.7%, belongs to monoclinic system, and crystal is served as reasons at hexagon or diamond shape plate, crystal structure
Two tetrahedral layers clip an octahedral layer and the unit that constitutes, and each ion electricity price has neutralized in layer, therefore contact secured；Interlayer
Bonding force is faint.Crystalline aggregate is often at flakey or compact massive.Density 2.70~2.80, Mohs' hardness 1.It can change as flux
Kind glaze layer elasticity, reduces thermal expansion coefficient, improves thermal stability, improve the whiteness, transparency and intensity of ceramic, can increase
The temperature flowing of glaze, promotes body-glaze intermediate layer to generate, and improves the two associativity.But its flat crystal structure is easy in base glaze
Formation aligns, it is made to generate anisotropy, different directions can be caused to shrink in firing and cooling procedure uneven, to produce
Raw biggish internal stress, causes product to crack.
Calcite: being produced using Guangxi Quanzhou, white.Chemical formula CaCO3, each component theory group become CaO56%,
CO244%, belong to rectangle, six sides or trigonal system, aggregate granulates or plate sometimes at rhombohedron or scalenohedron body.Density
2.71~2.94, Mohs' hardness 3.898.6 DEG C of decomposition temperature, when being used as ceramic blank glaze, plays leanization before decomposing, risen after decomposition
Fluxing action can shorten firing time, increase light transmittance, make once to be formed preferably among base glaze, enhance glaze-body bonding；Also it can be improved
Glaze paint refractive index increases its glossiness.But due to, containing can decompose substance, generating a large amount of CO under high temperature in calcite2Gas, if row
Except improper the defects of easily generating pin hole, glaze paint bubble.
Kaolin: being produced using Hunan, white.Structural formula is Al2O32SiO22H2O belongs to monoclinic system.Each component is theoretical
Group becomes Al2O339.5%, SiO246.54%, H2O13.96%, density 2.54~2.60, Mohs' hardness 1.Belong to 1:1 type layer
Shape aluminosilicate structure is contacted by Si-O tetrahedron Al-O or Al-OH octahedral layer by shared oxygen atom.Kaolin
Rich in SiO2And Al2O3, it is possible to provide glassy state forming agent, content excessively will increase firing temperature in glaze, but also improve roasting simultaneously
The viscosity of burning process melt improves the hardness, chemical stability and heat resistance of glaze paint, is that common mineral are former in glaze or blank
One of material.
Quartz: being produced using Hunan Linxiang, white.SiO2Content is greater than 95%.The chief component of ceramic glaze is constituted
Glassy state skeleton can play the chemical stability and thermal stability of adjustment Ceramic glaze, increase its hardness, but the excessively high firing of dosage
Temperature is then excessively high.
Borax, a kind of not only soft but also light colourless crystallization substance, in chemical composition, it is four boron containing 10 hydrones
Sour sodium (NaB4O7·10H2O), the volatile water that decrystallizes forms white powder.Boron oxide and suitable alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal oxide
The mixing such as object and silicate can form borosilicate polymer melt at relatively low temperatures, be mainly used for glass and ceramic row
Industry.In glass, transmission of ultraviolet rays can be enhanced, improve the transparency and heat resistance of glass；In enamelware, it can make
Enamel is not easily to fall off and makes it have gloss, reduces the firing temperature of glaze.
In addition, including the following steps: that (1) smears glaze slip the invention further relates to a kind of process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze
In carrying out glazing on green body；
(2) green body is put into dryer and is dried；
(3) it is roasted at 780 DEG C of ceramic fibre muffle furnace high temperature, forms ultralow temperature glaze product.
Further, green body moisture before glazing is 0.5Wt%.
In conclusion the raw material that ultralow temperature glaze of the invention uses all has impurity content few, volume in sintering process
Change the features such as small, glaze paint is flat and smooth after firing, and glossiness is high, and the transparency is good, there is stronger heat resistance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment 1
(1) with precision electronic balance weigh 15.16Wt% potassium feldspar, 16Wt% albite, 14.2Wt% talcum,
9.1Wt% calcite, 12.4Wt% kaolin, 20.76Wt% quartz, 1.88Wt% borax, 2.48Wt% barium carbonate,
The raw material of 8.02Wt% zinc oxide；
(2) with small ball milling altar machine grind raw material to 250 mesh fineness and tail over < 0.5% glaze powder, working speed is
20rad/min；
(3) 37.5% deionized water is added into glaze powder, is deployed into glaze slip, obtains ultralow temperature glaze.
In the present embodiment, in the step (1), borax is become NaB through 400 DEG C of calcinings in advance4O7·H2O.This be for
Glaze quality problem caused by avoiding glaze from being largely dehydrated in roasting process because of borax.
Potassium feldspar: being produced using Hunan Deng Feng, white.Chemical formula K (AlSi3O8), it is most common most basic in feldspar race
It is a kind of.Each component theory group becomes K2O16.9%, Al2O318.4%, SiO264.7%, belong to monoclinic system, common Ka Siba is bis-
Crystalline substance, density 2.56~2.59, Mohs' hardness 6.1150 DEG C ± 20 DEG C start to decompose melting, generate white garnet (K2O·Al2O3·
4SiO2) and silica glass, melt temperature scope is wide, and viscosity of high-temperature melt is big, and the raising of viscosity with temperature reduces quickly, has
Apparent fluxing action, while can also play high-temperature thermoplastic and high temperature cementation, it prevents ceramic high temperature from deforming, it is dry to improve it
Dry intensity.
Albite: being produced using Hengshan Mountain, white.Chemical formula Na (AlSi3O8), belong to anorthic system, is often plate or plate
Column crystal, density 2.60~2.65, Mohs' hardness 6.0~6.5.1120 DEG C start to melt, and are generated when molten state without new crystal phase,
Liquid phase is sufficiently stable.Albite has very strong fluxing action, and the chemical stability of enamel can be improved, and high temperature viscosity is low, thus burns
At deformation of products is easily caused in the process, flat and smooth glaze paint being advantageously formed, but linear firing range is narrow, breaking strength is low,
Individually make flux using when be unfavorable for temperature in process of producing product and control, often with potassium feldspar consolute.
Talcum: using Guangxi forest products, blocky, white.Chemical formula 3MgO4SiO2·H2O, each component theory composition
For MgO31.9%, SiO263.4%, H2O4.7%, belongs to monoclinic system, and crystal is served as reasons at hexagon or diamond shape plate, crystal structure
Two tetrahedral layers clip an octahedral layer and the unit that constitutes, and each ion electricity price has neutralized in layer, therefore contact secured；Interlayer
Bonding force is faint.Crystalline aggregate is often at flakey or compact massive.Density 2.70~2.80, Mohs' hardness 1.It can change as flux
Kind glaze layer elasticity, reduces thermal expansion coefficient, improves thermal stability, improve the whiteness, transparency and intensity of ceramic, can increase
The temperature flowing of glaze, promotes body-glaze intermediate layer to generate, and improves the two associativity.But its flat crystal structure is easy in base glaze
Formation aligns, it is made to generate anisotropy, different directions can be caused to shrink in firing and cooling procedure uneven, to produce
Raw biggish internal stress, causes product to crack.
Calcite: being produced using Guangxi Quanzhou, white.Chemical formula CaCO3, each component theory group become CaO56%,
CO244%, belong to rectangle, six sides or trigonal system, aggregate granulates or plate sometimes at rhombohedron or scalenohedron body.Density
2.71~2.94, Mohs' hardness 3.898.6 DEG C of decomposition temperature, when being used as ceramic blank glaze, plays leanization before decomposing, risen after decomposition
Fluxing action can shorten firing time, increase light transmittance, make once to be formed preferably among base glaze, enhance glaze-body bonding；Also it can be improved
Glaze paint refractive index increases its glossiness.But due to, containing can decompose substance, generating a large amount of CO under high temperature in calcite2Gas, if row
Except improper the defects of easily generating pin hole, glaze paint bubble.
Kaolin: being produced using Hunan, white.Structural formula is Al2O32SiO22H2O belongs to monoclinic system.Each component is theoretical
Group becomes Al2O339.5%, SiO246.54%, H2O13.96%, density 2.54~2.60, Mohs' hardness 1.Belong to 1:1 type layer
Shape aluminosilicate structure is contacted by Si-O tetrahedron Al-O or Al-OH octahedral layer by shared oxygen atom.Kaolin
Rich in SiO2And Al2O3, it is possible to provide glassy state forming agent, content excessively will increase firing temperature in glaze, but also improve roasting simultaneously
The viscosity of burning process melt improves the hardness, chemical stability and heat resistance of glaze paint, is that common mineral are former in glaze or blank
One of material.
Quartz: being produced using Hunan Linxiang, white.SiO2Content is greater than 95%.The chief component of ceramic glaze is constituted
Glassy state skeleton can play the chemical stability and thermal stability of adjustment Ceramic glaze, increase its hardness, but the excessively high firing of dosage
Temperature is then excessively high.
Borax, a kind of not only soft but also light colourless crystallization substance, in chemical composition, it is four boron containing 10 hydrones
Sour sodium (NaB4O7·10H2O), the volatile water that decrystallizes forms white powder.Boron oxide and suitable alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal oxide
The mixing such as object and silicate can form borosilicate polymer melt at relatively low temperatures, be mainly used for glass and ceramic row
Industry.In glass, transmission of ultraviolet rays can be enhanced, improve the transparency and heat resistance of glass；In enamelware, it can make
Enamel is not easily to fall off and makes it have gloss, reduces the firing temperature of glaze.
In addition, the present embodiment further relates to a kind of process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze, include the following steps:
(1) glaze slip is applied on green body and carries out glazing；
(2) green body is put into dryer and is dried；
(3) it is roasted at 780 DEG C of ceramic fibre muffle furnace high temperature, forms ultralow temperature glaze product.
This green body moisture before glazing is 0.5Wt%.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not making any form to technical solution of the present invention
On limitation.According to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification to the above embodiments, equivalent variations and repair
Decorations, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze, which comprises the steps of:
(1) 15.16Wt% potassium feldspar, 16Wt% albite, 14.2Wt% talcum, the side 9.1Wt% are weighed with precision electronic balance
Xie Shi, 12.4Wt% kaolin, 20.76Wt% quartz, 1.88Wt% borax, 2.48Wt% barium carbonate, 8.02Wt% zinc oxide
Raw material；
(2) with small ball milling altar machine grind raw material to 250 mesh fineness and tail over < 0.5% glaze powder, working speed 20rad/
min；
(3) 37.5% deionized water is added into glaze powder, is deployed into glaze slip, obtains ultralow temperature glaze.
2. a kind of preparation method of ultralow temperature glaze according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), in advance
Borax is first become NaB through 400 DEG C of calcinings4O7·H2O。
3. the process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze according to claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
(1) glaze slip is applied on green body and carries out glazing；
(2) green body is put into dryer and is dried；
(3) it is roasted at 780 DEG C of ceramic fibre muffle furnace high temperature, forms ultralow temperature glaze product.
4. the process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze according to claim 2, which is characterized in that green body water before glazing
It is divided into 0.5Wt%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811398213.9A CN109336388A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811398213.9A CN109336388A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109336388A true CN109336388A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
Family
ID=65317026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811398213.9A Withdrawn CN109336388A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109336388A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110171985A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-27 | 潮州市潮安区派陶瓷业有限公司 | A kind of low temperature sinter ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517654A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Photocatalytic fluorescent ceramic glaze |
-
2018
- 2018-11-22 CN CN201811398213.9A patent/CN109336388A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110171985A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-27 | 潮州市潮安区派陶瓷业有限公司 | A kind of low temperature sinter ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517654A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Photocatalytic fluorescent ceramic glaze |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7892997B2 (en) | Glaze compositions | |
| CN114380574A (en) | Ceramic building material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109942288A (en) | High silicon porcelain Antique Imitation Tiles and its production method | |
| CN106977097B (en) | Raw glaze for transparent high-gloss medium-temperature hard porcelain and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101348362A (en) | Blank for manufacturing bakeware ceramic products, and corresponding glaze and manufactured products thereof | |
| CN105693202A (en) | Medium-temperature hard fine porcelain with high whiteness, high transparency and high strength and preparation method of medium-temperature hard fine porcelain | |
| CN102531397A (en) | Milky white glass ceramic suitable for all electric melting and preparation process for milky white glass ceramic | |
| CN100340522C (en) | New type bone china, and producing method | |
| CN113979783B (en) | Jade-imitated marble ceramic tile and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102795774A (en) | Method for manufacturing nano microcrystal sheet material by utilizing quartz sand | |
| CN109336388A (en) | A kind of preparation method and process for calcining of ultralow temperature glaze | |
| CN1028017C (en) | Self-releasing enamel low-temp ceramics | |
| CN101565274A (en) | Glass ceramic and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111908792B (en) | Glaze mixture of metal glaze, metal glaze product and preparation process of metal glaze product | |
| Smith | Boron in glass and glass making | |
| CN101659542A (en) | Crystal ceramic and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109369218A (en) | A kind of low temperature gloss marzacotto powder composition and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103420689A (en) | Artistic pottery fancy glaze and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN114426397B (en) | Preparation method of snow-powder fritted glaze and ceramic tile with snow-powder effect | |
| CN114873917B (en) | Glaze, ceramic tile and ceramic tile preparation method | |
| CN102344251B (en) | Preparation method for lepidolite glass ceramic | |
| CN115433022B (en) | Light-transmitting ceramic tile with ice cracking effect and preparation process thereof | |
| CN105776864A (en) | High-transparency frit and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102515533B (en) | Alkali silicate glass frit, zirconium frit opaque glaze, and preparation methods of the alkali silicate glass frit and zirconium frit opaque glaze | |
| Pekkan et al. | Production of opaque frits with low ZrO 2 and ZnO contents and their industrial uses for fast single-fired wall tile glazes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190215 |