CN109333191B - Multidirectional machining production line for crankshaft and machining process of multidirectional machining production line - Google Patents
Multidirectional machining production line for crankshaft and machining process of multidirectional machining production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN109333191B CN109333191B CN201811450444.XA CN201811450444A CN109333191B CN 109333191 B CN109333191 B CN 109333191B CN 201811450444 A CN201811450444 A CN 201811450444A CN 109333191 B CN109333191 B CN 109333191B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multidirectional processing production line of a crankshaft and a processing technology thereof, wherein the multidirectional processing production line comprises a crankshaft supporting mechanism, a crankshaft rotary driving mechanism, a crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism and a frame which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode; two groups of crankshaft rotary driving mechanisms are connected onto the driving guide rail A in a sliding manner, a driving guide rail C is connected onto the driving guide rail B in a sliding manner, and a crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving guide rail C; the driving guide rail A is also connected with two groups of crankshaft supporting mechanisms in a sliding way; the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft turning device and the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft are both provided with power deflection structures; the machining process comprises N cutter sequences, wherein the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the first cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45 degrees; the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the Nth cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is A, and the included angle A is 45-N (45/N).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multidirectional machining production line of a crankshaft and a machining process thereof, and belongs to the field of motorcycle crankshaft machining.
Background
The crankshaft mainly comprises a main journal, a connecting rod journal and a balance weight, and is mainly manufactured by turning a casting piece, wherein main processing surfaces are the main journal and the connecting rod journal; the traditional processing forms are that the cutting knife is directly used for carrying out straight line turning on the main journal and the connecting rod journal or directly used for polishing the surface of the journal by a polishing wheel with the same width as the main journal and the connecting rod journal, and finally the smooth journal meeting the requirements of coaxiality and diameter is obtained; however, in the machining process, because the grinding knife can bring certain stress extrusion to the middle part of the journal, the crankshaft is easy to twist and shake, and further the crankshaft is easy to generate partial fatigue and uncertain distortion in the high-speed turning process, the perpendicularity between the journal and the balance weight can be reduced to a certain extent, the coaxiality of the whole crankshaft is influenced, and meanwhile, the partial extrusion of the connecting position of the journal and the balance weight is also easy to be caused in the linear feeding process of the cutting knife, so that the service life and the stability of the crankshaft are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the technical problem of stress concentration and easy fatigue between a balance weight and a journal in the crankshaft machining process in the prior art is solved, and the multidirectional motorcycle crankshaft machining device is provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multidirectional processor for a motorcycle crankshaft comprises two groups of crankshaft supporting mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft rotary driving mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft turning machine rotary driving mechanisms and a rack which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode; wherein, two groups of parallel driving guide rails are arranged on the frame, namely a driving guide rail A and a driving guide rail B, wherein, the driving guide rail A is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks A in a sliding way, and the driving guide rail B is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks B in a sliding way; the driving slide block B is provided with a driving guide rail C, the moving axes of the driving guide rail C and the driving guide rail B are mutually perpendicular, and the driving slide block C is arranged on the driving guide rail C; the driving guide rail A is also connected with two groups of driving sliding blocks D in a sliding manner, and the driving sliding blocks D are positioned between the driving sliding blocks A; the crankshaft supporting mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block D, the driving shaft rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block A, and the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block C, wherein the rotation axes of the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism and the driving rotary driving mechanism are parallel to each other;
the crankshaft rotation driving mechanism comprises a disc-shaped supporting seat A, and a rotation driving mechanism A is fixed in the middle of the supporting seat A; the rotary driving mechanism A comprises a rotary output shaft A, and a chuck is connected to the rotary output shaft A through a deflection disc mechanism; the deflection disc mechanism comprises a deflection disc, a plurality of central ball blocks are annularly arranged in the middle of the deflection disc, the central ball blocks are movably embedded in the middle of the deflection disc, driving rods are connected in a sliding mode in the middle of the central ball blocks, one end of each driving rod is fixed on the driving disc, the driving disc is coaxially fixed on a rotation output shaft A of the rotation driving mechanism A, and the other end of each driving rod is fixed on a supporting disc; the periphery of the driving disc is rotationally connected with a rotating ring, a plurality of peripheral ball blocks are annularly arranged on the rotating ring in an array manner, and the peripheral ball blocks are movably embedded in the periphery of the deflection disc; the annular array on the supporting seat is provided with a plurality of linear drivers A, the linear drivers A comprise a linear push rod A, and the linear push rod A is coaxially fixed on the peripheral ball block; the chuck is coaxially fixed on the deflection disc through the connecting seat;
the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft turning device comprises a cylindrical supporting seat B, wherein the tail part of the supporting seat B is fixedly provided with the rotary driving mechanism B, and the rotary driving mechanism B comprises a rotary output shaft B; the front part of the supporting seat B is connected with a deflection shaft sleeve through a deflection mechanism, a deflection shaft is rotatably connected in the deflection shaft sleeve, and the deflection shaft is movably connected with the rotary output shaft B through a universal coupling; the deflection mechanism comprises a front deflection supporting mechanism and a rear deflection supporting mechanism, wherein the front deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers B which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the linear drivers B are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through a swinging ball block, the linear drivers B comprise a linear push rod B, and the end parts of the linear push rod B are movably connected to the outer wall of a deflection shaft sleeve through a ball hinge mechanism A; the rear deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers C which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the tail parts of the linear drivers C are movably connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through spherical hinge mechanisms, the linear drivers C comprise linear push rods C, and the end parts of the linear push rods C are movably connected to the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve through the spherical hinge mechanisms C; a disc-shaped turning tool rest is vertically and fixedly connected with the end part of the deflection shaft;
the crankshaft supporting mechanism comprises a block-shaped supporting seat C, a U-shaped leading-in opening is formed in the top of the supporting seat C, a U-shaped clamping piece is arranged in the leading-in opening, a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the clamping piece, and the connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the leading-in opening; two clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged in the leading-in opening and are in sliding connection with the supporting seat C, the clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical axis of the clamping piece, the end parts of the clamping ejector rods are in contact with the outer side of the clamping piece, a linear driver D is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat C, a push plate is connected to the linear push rod D of the linear driver D, and the clamping ejector rods are fixed at two end parts of the push plate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the middle part of the central ball block is coaxially fixed with a sliding sleeve A, the sliding sleeve A is connected to the driving rod in a sliding way, two return springs sleeved on the driving rod are respectively arranged at the two transverse ends of the sliding sleeve A, and the two groups of return springs are respectively propped against the supporting disc and the driving disc; (the sliding sleeve A structure reduces the abrasion of the central ball block, and meanwhile, the arranged return spring improves the damping of the movement of the central ball block and ensures good stability).
As a further improvement of the invention, a damping stabilizer is arranged between the supporting disc and the driving disc, the damping stabilizer comprises a sliding cylinder A fixed in the middle of the supporting disc, one end of the sliding cylinder A is fixed with a supporting cover, a damping push rod A is connected in the sliding cylinder A in a sliding way, and a damping spring A is arranged between the supporting cover and the damping push rod A; a sliding cylinder B is fixed on the driving disc, one end of the sliding cylinder B is fixed in the middle of the driving disc, a damping push rod B is connected in a sliding manner in the sliding cylinder B, and a damping spring B is arranged between the damping push rod B and the driving disc; the center of two sides of the deflection disc is respectively provided with a swinging supporting seat A and a swinging supporting seat B, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat A is provided with a spherical swinging groove A, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat B is provided with a spherical swinging groove B, the end part of the damping push rod A is contacted with the swinging groove A, and the end part of the damping push rod B is contacted with the swinging groove B; (the damping stabilizer further ensures the middle support damping of the deflection disc during deflection, reduces the fine shaking of the deflection disc during swinging, and improves the stability).
As a further improvement of the invention, the periphery of the supporting seat A is also provided with a cylindrical dustproof sleeve A, and one end part of the dustproof sleeve A is provided with an annular dustproof ring A; (the dust-proof sleeve A reduces the possibility of dust entering the center ball and the drive rod, and improves the life of the device).
As a further improvement of the invention, the support base B comprises a tail support cylinder for fixing the rotary driving mechanism B and a front support cylinder for connecting the linear driver B and the linear driver C, the end part of the tail support cylinder is provided with a connecting sleeve with a thread structure, and the tail part of the front support cylinder is connected with the connecting sleeve through threads; (the supporting seat B is of a split structure, so that the whole deflection mechanism can be conveniently detached and maintained, and meanwhile, the coaxiality and the radial position of the deflection mechanism relative to the rotary driving mechanism are greatly facilitated).
As a further improvement of the invention, a deflection supporting mechanism is further arranged between the deflection shaft sleeve and the supporting seat B, the deflection supporting mechanism comprises a supporting ring and a swinging ring which is connected in the supporting ring in a swinging way, the inner wall of the supporting ring is provided with a supporting inner wall with a concave cambered surface in cross section, the outer peripheral outer wall of the swinging ring is provided with a contact outer wall with a convex cambered surface in cross section, the supporting inner wall is in sliding connection with the contact outer wall, the inner wall of the swinging ring is provided with two annular supporting sheets, a supporting gap is arranged between the supporting sheets, the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve is in sliding connection with a sliding sleeve, two annular floating sheets are fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, an annular expansion spring plate is fixed at the position between the corresponding floating sheets, a deformation space is arranged in the middle of the expansion spring sheet, the outer wall of the expansion spring sheet is in contact with the floating sheets, and the floating sheets are in sliding contact with each other; (the deflection supporting mechanism realizes the multidirectional support of the deflection shaft sleeve through the multidirectional swinging and sliding mechanism, and the deflection shaft sleeve in the deflection shaft sleeve shakes at a high speed due to the deflection shaft sleeve caused by rotation, so that the mechanism reduces the load on the spherical hinge connection structure caused by the shaking).
As a further improvement of the invention, the surface of the supporting sheet is inlaid with balls, and the floating sheet is contacted with the balls; (the ball structure reduces friction and reduces wear rate).
As a further improvement of the invention, the end parts of the clamping sheets are respectively and integrally connected with a sliding sheet, and the two ends of the U-shaped of the leading-in opening are provided with sliding grooves for sliding connection of the sliding sheets; (the slide ensures the sliding support of the end of the clamping piece and prevents the impact between the slide and the shaft caused by the falling-out of the end of the clamping piece).
As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism A, B is a torque motor; the linear actuator A, B, C, D is a linear cylinder.
The machining process of the crankshaft comprises N cutter sequences, wherein the feed thickness of each cutter sequence is T, the total grinding thickness is Q, and T/Q is less than or equal to 0.1, wherein the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the first cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45 degrees; the included angle between the grinding surface ground in the second cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45-2 (45/N); the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the Nth cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is A, and the included angle A is 45-N (45/N); (the technical scheme adopts the form of chamfer polishing, firstly, the positions with larger relative bending strength at the two ends of the journal part are polished, and then the middle position which is easy to be distorted by extrusion stress is shaped, thereby reducing the vibration of the crankshaft caused by the concentration of the processing stress in the middle part of the journal directly and improving the quality of products)
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention discloses a multiple dynamic driving mechanism capable of rotating a crankshaft and a cutter; the polishing processing mode of the variable pressure angle of the crankshaft journal is realized, the huge stress extrusion brought to the journal by large-angle processing is reduced, the processing quality is improved, and the yield of the crankshaft caused by fatigue is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a general view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crankshaft rotation drive mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a crankshaft lathe rotary drive mechanism;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a crankshaft support mechanism.
In the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a driving slide block B; 3. a drive rail C; 4. a drive guide rail A; 5. a driving slide block A; 6. a driving slide block D; 7. a driving slide block C; 8. an introduction opening; 9. a driving guide rail B; 10. a crankshaft support mechanism; 11. a crankshaft rotation driving mechanism; 12. a crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism; 13. a supporting seat A; 14. a rotary driving mechanism A; 15. a deflection disc; 16. a rotating ring; 17. peripheral ball blocks; 18. a linear driver A; 19. a drive plate; 20. a center ball block; 21. a sliding sleeve A; 22. a driving rod; 23. a return spring; 24. a support plate; 25. a connecting seat; 26. a chuck; 27. a sliding cylinder A; 28. damping push rod A; 29. a support cover; 30. a sliding cylinder B; 31. a dust-proof sleeve A; 32. a swinging groove A; 33. a tail support barrel; 34. a front support cylinder; 35. a rotary driving mechanism B; 36. a universal coupling; 37. a deflection shaft; 38. a deflection sleeve; 39. a linear driver B; 40. a linear driver C; 41. a turning tool rest; 42. a spherical hinge mechanism A; 43. a spherical hinge mechanism B; 44. connecting sleeves; 45. a support ring; 46. a swinging ring; 47. a support sheet; 48. a ball; 49. a sliding sleeve; 50. a floating plate; 51. an expansion reed; 52. a supporting seat C; 53. a clamping piece; 54. a slide sheet; 55. clamping the ejector rod; 56. a connecting shaft; 57. a linear driver D; 58. a push plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention relates to a multidirectional processor for a motorcycle crankshaft, which comprises two groups of crankshaft supporting mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft rotary driving mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft turning machine rotary driving mechanisms and a frame which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode; wherein, two groups of parallel driving guide rails are arranged on the frame, namely a driving guide rail A and a driving guide rail B, wherein, the driving guide rail A is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks A in a sliding way, and the driving guide rail B is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks B in a sliding way; the driving slide block B is provided with a driving guide rail C, the moving axes of the driving guide rail C and the driving guide rail B are mutually perpendicular, and the driving slide block C is arranged on the driving guide rail C; the driving guide rail A is also connected with two groups of driving sliding blocks D in a sliding manner, and the driving sliding blocks D are positioned between the driving sliding blocks A; the crankshaft supporting mechanism is arranged on the driving sliding block D, the driving shaft rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving sliding block A, and the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving sliding block C, wherein the rotation axes of the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism and the driving rotary driving mechanism are parallel to each other.
As shown in fig. 2, the crankshaft rotation driving mechanism comprises a disc-shaped supporting seat a, a rotation driving mechanism a is fixed in the middle of the supporting seat a, a cylindrical dustproof sleeve a is further arranged on the periphery of the supporting seat a, an annular dustproof ring a is arranged at one end of the dustproof sleeve a, and the dustproof sleeve a is sleeved outside the rotation driving mechanism a; the rotary driving mechanism A comprises a rotary output shaft A, and a chuck is connected to the rotary output shaft A through a deflection disc mechanism; the deflection disc mechanism comprises a deflection disc, a plurality of central ball blocks are annularly arranged in the middle of the deflection disc, the central ball blocks are movably embedded in the middle of the deflection disc, a sliding sleeve A is coaxially fixed in the middle of the central ball blocks, the middle of the sliding sleeve A is slidably connected with a driving rod, two return springs sleeved on the driving rod are respectively arranged at the two transverse ends of the sliding sleeve A, the two groups of return springs are respectively propped against a supporting disc and the driving disc, one end of each driving rod is fixed on the driving disc, the driving disc is coaxially fixed on a rotary output shaft A of the rotary driving mechanism A, and the other end of each driving rod is fixed on one supporting disc; the periphery of the driving disc is rotationally connected with a rotating ring, a plurality of peripheral ball blocks are annularly arranged on the rotating ring in an array manner, and the peripheral ball blocks are movably embedded in the periphery of the deflection disc; the annular array on the supporting seat is provided with a plurality of linear drivers A, the linear drivers A comprise a linear push rod A, and the linear push rod A is coaxially fixed on the peripheral ball block; the chuck is coaxially fixed on the deflection disc through the connecting seat; a damping stabilizer is arranged between the supporting disc and the driving disc, the damping stabilizer comprises a sliding cylinder A fixed at the middle part of the supporting disc, one end of the sliding cylinder A is fixed with a supporting cover, a damping push rod A is connected in a sliding manner in the sliding cylinder A, and a damping spring A is arranged between the supporting cover and the damping push rod A; a sliding cylinder B is fixed on the driving disc, one end of the sliding cylinder B is fixed in the middle of the driving disc, a damping push rod B is connected in a sliding manner in the sliding cylinder B, and a damping spring B is arranged between the damping push rod B and the driving disc; the center of two sides of the deflection disc is respectively provided with a swinging supporting seat A and a swinging supporting seat B, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat A is provided with a spherical swinging groove A, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat B is provided with a spherical swinging groove B, the end part of the damping push rod A is contacted with the swinging groove A, and the end part of the damping push rod B is contacted with the swinging groove B;
as shown in fig. 3, the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft turning device comprises a cylindrical supporting seat B, wherein the supporting seat B comprises a tail supporting cylinder for fixing the rotary driving mechanism B and a front supporting cylinder for connecting the linear driver B and the linear driver C, the end part of the tail supporting cylinder is provided with a connecting sleeve with a thread structure, and the tail part of the front supporting cylinder is connected with the connecting sleeve through threads; the rotary driving mechanism B comprises a rotary output shaft B; the front part of the supporting seat B is connected with a deflection shaft sleeve through a deflection mechanism, a deflection shaft is rotatably connected in the deflection shaft sleeve, and the deflection shaft is movably connected with the rotary output shaft B through a universal coupling; the deflection support mechanism comprises a support ring and a swing ring which is connected in the support ring in a swinging way, the inner wall of the support ring is provided with a support inner wall with a concave cambered surface in cross section, the outer peripheral wall of the swing ring is provided with a contact outer wall with a convex cambered surface in cross section, the support inner wall is in sliding connection with the contact outer wall, the inner wall of the swing ring is provided with two annular support plates, a support gap is arranged between the support plates, the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve is in sliding connection with a sliding sleeve, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is fixedly provided with two annular floating plates, the surfaces of the support plates are inlaid with balls, the floating plates are in contact with the balls, an annular expansion spring plate is fixed at the position between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve and corresponds to the floating plates, the middle part of the expansion spring plate is provided with a deformation space, the outer wall of the expansion spring plate is in contact with the floating plates, and the floating plates are in sliding contact with each other;
the deflection mechanism comprises a front deflection supporting mechanism and a rear deflection supporting mechanism, wherein the front deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers B which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the linear drivers B are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through a swinging ball block, the linear drivers B comprise a linear push rod B, and the end parts of the linear push rod B are movably connected to the outer wall of a deflection shaft sleeve through a ball hinge mechanism A; the rear deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers C which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the tail parts of the linear drivers C are movably connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through spherical hinge mechanisms, the linear drivers C comprise linear push rods C, and the end parts of the linear push rods C are movably connected to the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve through the spherical hinge mechanisms C; a disc-shaped turning tool rest is vertically and fixedly connected with the end part of the deflection shaft;
FIG. 4 shows that the crankshaft supporting mechanism comprises a block-shaped supporting seat C, a U-shaped leading-in opening is formed in the top of the supporting seat C, a U-shaped clamping piece is arranged in the leading-in opening, a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the clamping piece, the connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the leading-in opening, sliding pieces are integrally connected to the end parts of the clamping piece respectively, and sliding grooves for sliding connection of the sliding pieces are formed in the two ends of the U-shaped of the leading-in opening; two clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged in the guide-in opening and are in sliding connection with the supporting seat C, the clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical axis of the clamping piece, the end parts of the clamping ejector rods are in contact with the outer sides of the clamping piece, a linear driver D is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat C, a push plate is connected to the linear push rod D of the linear driver D, and the clamping ejector rods are fixed at two end parts of the push plate;
when the structure is used, firstly, the end journal of the crankshaft is fixed in the guide opening of the crankshaft supporting mechanism through the mechanical gripper, the push plate is driven by the linear driver D, the push plate pushes the clamping ejector rod, the end of the clamping piece moves downwards, clamping of the crankshaft is realized, then the crankshaft supporting mechanism is lifted, the driving guide rail A is used for moving the driving slide block A, the chuck on the crankshaft rotating driving mechanism clamps the end journal of the crankshaft, clamping of the crankshaft is realized, the rotation of the crankshaft is realized by driving the rotation of the chuck through the rotation driving mechanism A, in the rotation process, the linear driver A can push the rotating ring pendulum and drive the deflection disc to deflect, the deflection disc drives to rotate through the driving rod, and meanwhile, the chuck can change a certain angle, so that the rotation axis of the chuck is changed, and the rotation axis of the crankshaft is changed;
after the crankshaft rotates, the driving guide rail B drives the driving slide block B to slide, and then drives the driving guide rail C to move, and the driving guide rail C drives the driving slide block C to slide, so that the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft turning device moves in place, and the cutter head of the turning tool rest can be ensured to move to a required position; when the turning tool rest is required to swing or move, the deflection shaft sleeve can be driven to swing through the linear driver C and the linear driver B, and the deflection shaft sleeve can be extended or retracted through synchronous driving of the linear driver C and the linear driver B.
The machining process of the main journal and the connecting rod journal comprises N cutter sequences, wherein the feed thickness of each cutter sequence is T, the total grinding thickness is Q, and the T/Q is less than or equal to 0.1, wherein the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the first cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of a crankshaft blank is 45 degrees; the included angle between the grinding surface ground in the second cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45-2 (45/N); the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the Nth cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is A, and the included angle A is 45-N (45/N).
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multidirectional processor for a motorcycle crankshaft comprises two groups of crankshaft supporting mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft rotary driving mechanisms, two groups of crankshaft turning machine rotary driving mechanisms and a rack which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode; the method is characterized in that: wherein, two groups of parallel driving guide rails are arranged on the frame, namely a driving guide rail A and a driving guide rail B, wherein, the driving guide rail A is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks A in a sliding way, and the driving guide rail B is connected with two groups of driving slide blocks B in a sliding way; the driving slide block B is provided with a driving guide rail C, the moving axes of the driving guide rail C and the driving guide rail B are mutually perpendicular, and the driving slide block C is arranged on the driving guide rail C; the driving guide rail A is also connected with two groups of driving sliding blocks D in a sliding manner, and the driving sliding blocks D are positioned between the driving sliding blocks A; the crankshaft supporting mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block D, the driving shaft rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block A, the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the driving slide block C, and the rotary axes of the crankshaft turning device rotary driving mechanism and the driving rotary driving mechanism are parallel to each other;
the crankshaft rotation driving mechanism comprises a disc-shaped supporting seat A, and a rotation driving mechanism A is fixed in the middle of the supporting seat A; the rotary driving mechanism A comprises a rotary output shaft A, and a chuck is connected to the rotary output shaft A through a deflection disc mechanism; the deflection disc mechanism comprises a deflection disc, a plurality of central ball blocks are annularly arranged in the middle of the deflection disc, the central ball blocks are movably embedded in the middle of the deflection disc, driving rods are connected in a sliding mode in the middle of the central ball blocks, one end of each driving rod is fixed on the driving disc, the driving disc is coaxially fixed on a rotation output shaft A of the rotation driving mechanism A, and the other end of each driving rod is fixed on a supporting disc; the periphery of the driving disc is rotationally connected with a rotating ring, a plurality of peripheral ball blocks are annularly arranged on the rotating ring in an array manner, and the peripheral ball blocks are movably embedded in the periphery of the deflection disc; the annular array on the supporting seat is provided with a plurality of linear drivers A, the linear drivers A comprise a linear push rod A, and the linear push rod A is coaxially fixed on the peripheral ball block; the chuck is coaxially fixed on the deflection disc through the connecting seat;
the rotary driving mechanism of the crankshaft turning device comprises a cylindrical supporting seat B, wherein the tail part of the supporting seat B is fixedly provided with the rotary driving mechanism B, and the rotary driving mechanism B comprises a rotary output shaft B; the front part of the supporting seat B is connected with a deflection shaft sleeve through a deflection mechanism, a deflection shaft is rotatably connected in the deflection shaft sleeve, and the deflection shaft is movably connected with the rotary output shaft B through a universal coupling; the deflection mechanism comprises a front deflection supporting mechanism and a rear deflection supporting mechanism, wherein the front deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers B which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the linear drivers B are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through a swinging ball block, the linear drivers B comprise a linear push rod B, and the end parts of the linear push rod B are movably connected to the outer wall of a deflection shaft sleeve through a ball hinge mechanism A; the rear deflection supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of linear drivers C which are arranged in a supporting seat B in an annular array manner, the tail parts of the linear drivers C are movably connected to the inner wall of the supporting seat B through spherical hinge mechanisms, the linear drivers C comprise linear push rods C, and the end parts of the linear push rods C are movably connected to the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve through spherical hinge mechanisms; a disc-shaped turning tool rest is vertically and fixedly connected with the end part of the deflection shaft;
the crankshaft supporting mechanism comprises a block-shaped supporting seat C, a U-shaped leading-in opening is formed in the top of the supporting seat C, a U-shaped clamping piece is arranged in the leading-in opening, a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the clamping piece, and the connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the leading-in opening; two clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged in the guide-in opening and are in sliding connection with the supporting seat C, the clamping ejector rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical axis of the clamping piece, the end parts of the clamping ejector rods are in contact with the outer sides of the clamping piece, a linear driver D is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat C, a push plate is connected to the linear push rod D of the linear driver D, and the clamping ejector rods are fixed at two end parts of the push plate;
a sliding sleeve A is coaxially fixed in the middle of the central ball block, the sliding sleeve A is connected to the driving rod in a sliding way, two return springs sleeved on the driving rod are respectively arranged at the two transverse ends of the sliding sleeve A, and the two groups of return springs are respectively propped against the supporting disc and the driving disc;
a damping stabilizer is arranged between the supporting disc and the driving disc, the damping stabilizer comprises a sliding cylinder A fixed at the middle part of the supporting disc, one end of the sliding cylinder A is fixed with a supporting cover, a damping push rod A is connected in a sliding manner in the sliding cylinder A, and a damping spring A is arranged between the supporting cover and the damping push rod A; a sliding cylinder B is fixed on the driving disc, one end of the sliding cylinder B is fixed in the middle of the driving disc, a damping push rod B is connected in a sliding manner in the sliding cylinder B, and a damping spring B is arranged between the damping push rod B and the driving disc; the center of the two sides of the deflection disc is respectively provided with a swinging supporting seat A and a swinging supporting seat B, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat A is provided with a spherical swinging groove A, the middle part of the swinging supporting seat B is provided with a spherical swinging groove B, the end part of the damping push rod A is contacted with the swinging groove A, and the end part of the damping push rod B is contacted with the swinging groove B.
2. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the supporting seat A is also provided with a cylindrical dustproof sleeve A, and one end part of the dustproof sleeve A is provided with an annular dustproof ring A.
3. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the support base B comprises a tail support cylinder for fixing the rotary driving mechanism B and a front support cylinder for connecting the linear driver B and the linear driver C, the end part of the tail support cylinder is provided with a connecting sleeve with a thread structure, and the tail part of the front support cylinder is connected with the connecting sleeve through threads.
4. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the deflection support mechanism comprises a support ring and a swinging ring which is connected in the support ring in a swinging way, the inner wall of the support ring is provided with a support inner wall with a concave cambered surface in cross section, the outer peripheral outer wall of the swinging ring is provided with a contact outer wall with a convex cambered surface in cross section, the support inner wall is in sliding connection with the contact outer wall, the inner wall of the swinging ring is provided with two annular support pieces, a support gap is arranged between the support pieces, the outer wall of the deflection shaft sleeve is in sliding connection with a sliding sleeve, two annular floating pieces are fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, an annular expansion spring plate is fixed at the position between the corresponding floating pieces on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, a deformation space is formed in the middle of the expansion spring plate, the outer wall of the expansion spring plate is in contact with the floating pieces, and the floating pieces are in sliding contact with each other.
5. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the surface of the supporting piece is inlaid with balls, and the floating piece is contacted with the balls.
6. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the end parts of the clamping sheets are respectively and integrally connected with a sliding sheet, and sliding grooves for sliding connection of the sliding sheets are arranged at the two ends of the U-shaped of the leading-in opening.
7. A motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rotation driving mechanism A, B is a torque motor; the linear actuator A, B, C, D is a linear cylinder.
8. A process for machining a crankshaft of a motorcycle crankshaft multidirectional processor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the turning tool rest is provided with a grinding ring, the width of the grinding ring is L, the widths of the main journal and the connecting rod journal are R, and at most one third of R, the machining process of the main journal and the connecting rod journal by the grinding ring comprises N cutter sequences, the feed thickness of each cutter sequence is T, the total grinding thickness is Q, and the T/Q is less than or equal to 0.1, wherein the included angle of the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the first cutter sequence relative to the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45 degrees; the included angle between the grinding surface ground in the second cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is 45-2 (45/N); the included angle between the grinding surface of the grinding ring in the Nth cutter sequence and the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft blank is A, and the included angle A is 45-N (45/N).
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| CN201811450444.XA CN109333191B (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Multidirectional machining production line for crankshaft and machining process of multidirectional machining production line |
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| CN110977742B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-04 | 河南理工大学 | Stepped bar polishing device |
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