CN109332851A - The method of heavy parts 3D printing - Google Patents
The method of heavy parts 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109332851A CN109332851A CN201811443895.0A CN201811443895A CN109332851A CN 109332851 A CN109332851 A CN 109332851A CN 201811443895 A CN201811443895 A CN 201811443895A CN 109332851 A CN109332851 A CN 109332851A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0953—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using computing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of heavy parts 3D printing.The method of heavy parts 3D printing of the present invention, comprising: the track of silk material diameter 0.5mm~5mm used, workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls；The state of print procedure feeds back the computer controlled to responsible pattern by optical photography instrument, and computer is adjusted the track of workbench and arc welding gun by the result fed back；According to different metal material, after printing height about 2~6mm, stop electric arc wire feeding printing, flood printing plane is carried out induction heating and ultrasound high frequency is micro- to forge processing.Beneficial effects of the present invention: the stress deformation of part avoids the waste in material and working hour without increasing excessive additional size surplus when removal 3D printing in time, production cost is saved, production efficiency is improved, it is subsequent without carrying out stress relief annealing, therefore super-huge part can be printed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in metal material processing field, and in particular to a kind of method of heavy parts 3D printing.
Background technique
3D printing technique is to be driven based on discrete-accumulation principle by part three-dimensional data, successively cumulative using material
The rapid prototyping technology of method manufacture entity component.The manufacturing process is by Product Digitalization Design, manufacture, analysis height one
Change, can not only significantly shorten R&D cycle and research and development cost, and the product that structure is complicated, raw material added value is high,
The advantage that it is rapidly and efficiently shaped is more significant.3D printing technique at present mold manufacture, industrial design, automobile, aerospace and
The fields such as medical industries, civil engineering, military affairs are all applied, and will gradually replace traditional handicraft.
The manufacturing technology of band large-scale metal 3D printing at present mainly has: laser coaxial powder feeding printing technology, electron-beam melting and electricity
Arc increases material manufacturing technology etc..
Laser coaxial powder feeding 3D printing technique is metal powder to be delivered to processing stand, simultaneously using synchronous powder feeding system mode
Fusion of metal powder is ultimately formed metal parts according to desired guiding trajectory layer by layer deposition by high power laser light.It is applicable to stainless
Steel, tool steel, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, nickel-base alloy, tungsten carbide hard alloy, stellite, vitallium, bronze close
The various metals material such as gold, precious metal alloys, laser coaxial powder feeding 3D printing also can be carried out part reparation and surface alloying etc.
A variety of processing technologys, as shown in Figure 1.
Electron beam selective melting metal 3D printing, as energy source, is passed through under high vacuum environment and is successively melted using electron beam
The mode for changing metal powder manufactures physical components.Since the power of electron beam is high, material is to beam energy absorptivity height, the skill
Art has the characteristics that product consistency is high, oxygen content is few, be unlikely to deform cracking, powder supplies price is low, printing effect is high, in gold
Have unique advantage and application value in terms of the 3D printing for belonging to material especially infusibility difficult processing metal, orthopaedic medical treatment,
The fields such as aerospace are widely used, as shown in Figure 2.
Electric arc increases material manufacturing technology is to carry beam with electric arc, and metal solid component is manufactured by the way of layer-by-layer built-up welding, should
Technology is based primarily upon the welding techniques such as TIG, MIG and develops, and formation of parts is made of full weld seam, and chemical component is uniform, fine and close
Degree is high, and open forming environment is to size of formed part without limitation, and shaping rate is up to several kg/h, but the part of electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Surface wave is larger, and drip molding surface quality is lower, generally requires surface second machining, compares laser coaxial powder feeding, electronics
Beam increasing material manufacturing, the main application target of electric arc increases material manufacturing technology are the inexpensive, efficiently quickly close of large scale complex component
Net forming, as shown in Figure 3.
There are following technical problems for traditional technology:
(1) part stress deformation is big when 3D printing, needs to increase more extra margin size, cause certain material and
The waste in working hour, increases production cost, reduces production efficiency, subsequent to need to carry out stress relief annealing, therefore prints especially big
Type part receives the limitation of annealing furnace size；
(2) material different to heating conduction, part printing effect have certain defect, the lower TC4 titanium of thermal conductivity
For mesh basket tissue and with a small amount of Wei Shi burnt structure, the higher material of the thermal conductivities such as copper alloy and aluminium alloy after alloy printing
There is more micro-crack defect when printing, forming effect is undesirable；
(3) often there is the bad problem of fusion after part printing, there are micro-crack or stomatas for inside, lack after carrying out non-destructive testing
It falls into more, is unable to satisfy acceptance requirement；
(4) coarse grains after part annealing, diameter are generally more than 100 microns, much larger than the crystalline substance of traditional handicraft processing part
Grain, mechanical performance and anti-fatigue performance are lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of heavy parts 3D printing, in part 3D printing part
After height, induction heating is carried out to flood printing plane and the ultrasonic micro- forging of high frequency is handled, is mainly used for eliminating stress and refinement is brilliant
Grain tissue；Outer dimension, power and frequency using inductor heating, induction heating are determined according to the size of printing part
Device is fixed together with 3D printing transmission mechanism, carries out induction heating scanning to whole printing plane by program, induction adds
The temperature of heat is determined according to specific material, general to require to be heated to recrystallization temperature or more；Since 3D printing increasing material manufacturing belongs to
Near-net-shape cannot forge technique to the workpiece after heating using traditional aximal deformation value forging technology, therefore using ultrasonic high frequency
Part carries out that high frequency ultrasound is micro- forges, and achievees the purpose that de-stress and crystal grain refinement.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of methods of heavy parts 3D printing, comprising:
The computer journey that the track of silk material diameter 0.5mm~5mm used, workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by input pattern
Sequence control；
The state of print procedure feeds back the computer controlled to responsible pattern by optical photography instrument, and computer passes through feedback
Result the track of workbench and arc welding gun is adjusted；
According to different metal material, after printing height about 2~6mm, stop electric arc wire feeding printing, to flood print plane into
Row induction heating and ultrasonic high frequency are micro- to forge processing, and the state of temperature after ultrasound forges passes through infrared camera feedback to responsible temperature
The computer of control, computer by the result of feedback to workbench, the micro- track for forging mechanism and induction heating disk of ultrasound into
Row adjustment；
Ultrasound is micro- forge after, continue to carry out electric arc wire feeding printing according to 3D digital-to-analogue, then after printing about 2-6mm high, stop beating
Print carries out ultrasound, and high frequency is micro- forges, and such circulating repetition is until part completes printing.
The control precision of the workbench is more than 0.01mm in one of the embodiments,.
The arc welding gun and the micro- control precision for forging mechanism of ultrasound are more than 0.01mm in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, input pattern control computer program 3D digital-to-analogue can be UG, Pro/E,
The softwares such as AutoCAD, Solidworks, Catia.
The arc welding gun prevents from aoxidizing using argon arc welding in one of the embodiments, welding current 10A~100A.
In one of the embodiments, the diameter of the induction heating disk be 20~200mm, power about 5~30kW,
5~50kHz of frequency carries out induction heating in distance printing 3~10mm of plane eminence, the temperature of induction heating is determined according to material
Degree, is heated to the recrystallization temperature of material or more, induction diathermic 1~5mm of depth, 20~300mm/min of the speed of travel.
The micro- amplitude transformer 150~500mm of length of work segment forged in mechanism of the ultrasound in one of the embodiments,
1~5 kilogram of weight, 5~50kHz of frequency.
The micro- amplitude transformer 10~100mm of diameter of phi forged in mechanism of the ultrasound in one of the embodiments, amplitude transformer
Material be TC4 titanium alloy, 5~50 microns of amplitude.
The micro- luffing club head forged in mechanism of the ultrasound has cooling device to carry out cold in one of the embodiments,
But.
Micro- 200~the 2000W of power for forging mechanism of the ultrasound in one of the embodiments,.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The stress deformation of part avoids material without increasing excessive additional size surplus when removal 3D printing in time
With the waste in working hour, production cost has been saved, has improved production efficiency, it is subsequent without carrying out stress relief annealing, therefore can beat
Print super-huge part；
The technique is suitable for the 3D printing of all metal materials, can be according to the heating conduction and working properties of different materials
The technological parameter of 3D printing, induction heating and the micro- forging of ultrasound is set, the mesh basket tissue and Wei Shi of TC4 titanium alloy can be completely eliminated
Burnt structure, while eliminating the micro-crack defect generated when the higher material 3D printing of the thermal conductivities such as copper alloy and aluminium alloy；
The part of technique printing will not merge bad problem, micro-crack or micro- stomata, zero defect after non-destructive testing；
Metallographic structure after part printing is directly fine isometric crystal grains, and diameter is no more than 20 microns, basically reaches tradition
Technique processes the crystal grain of part, and mechanical performance and anti-fatigue performance are significantly improved than traditional 3D printing technique.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of coaxial powder-feeding laser 3D printing in background of invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of electron beam selective melting metal 3D printing schematic diagram in background of invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of electric arc increasing material manufacturing 3D printing schematic diagram in background of invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the equipment of heavy parts 3D printing used by the method for heavy parts 3D printing of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can be with
It more fully understands the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
Refering to Fig. 4, a kind of equipment of heavy parts 3D printing, comprising: wire feeder, pattern controller, the first computer,
Arc welding gun, induction heating disk, ultrasound micro- forge mechanism, infrared camera, second computer, substrate and workbench；
The workbench is the two dimensional motion of front and rear, left and right；
Up and down motions is in the arc welding gun and the micro- mechanism that forges of the ultrasound；
First computer that the arc welding gun, wire feeder, optical imaging instrument, workbench and responsible pattern control
It is connected, in print procedure, the first computer program that the track of the workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by input pattern
Control；
The state of printing is fed back by the optical photography instrument, and feedback result inputs the first meter for being responsible for pattern control
Calculation machine, first computer are adjusted the track of workbench and arc welding gun by the result fed back, and make the molten of printing
The parameters such as coating effective width, layer height and speed of welding are accurately exported and are detected online, guarantee that the part printed meets input
The 3D digital-to-analogue size of first computer；
The induction heating disk, ultrasound are micro- to forge mechanism, infrared camera, workbench and responsible pattern temperature controlled second
Computer is connected；
The second computer that the induction heating disk, workbench and the micro- track for forging mechanism of ultrasound are controlled by input temp
Process control, the state after ultrasound forges are fed back by infrared camera, and the result of feedback, which inputs, is responsible for temperature controlled the
Two computers, the second computer is by the result of feedback to workbench, the micro- rail for forging mechanism and induction heating disk of ultrasound
Mark is adjusted, and guarantees that all sites of part can be heated properly and high frequency ultrasound is micro- forges.
Embodiment 1
Prepare the TC4 titanium alloy annulus 3D printing equipment that diameter is 3m.
The device is mainly by by wire feeder, pattern controller, optical imaging instrument, arc welding gun, induction heating disk, ultrasound
It is micro- to forge mechanism, amplitude transformer, infrared camera, temperature controller, substrate and workbench composition.Arc welding gun, wire feeder, optics
Imager, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, and wherein workbench is the two dimensional motion of front and rear, left and right, control
Precision 0.01mm processed, workbench diameter 4m, arc welding gun and the micro- mechanism that forges of ultrasound is move up and down, control precision 0.01mm；
The 3D digital-to-analogue of silk material diameter 1mm used in arc welding gun, the computer program of input pattern control are UG software；Electric arc
Welding gun, wire feeder, optical imaging instrument, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, in print procedure, work
The track of platform and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls, and the state of printing is carried out by optical photography instrument
Feedback, the result of feedback input the computer for being responsible for pattern control, and computer is by the result of feedback to workbench and arc welding
The track of rifle is adjusted, and the parameters such as overlay effective width, layer height and the speed of welding of printing is made accurately to export and examine online
It surveys, guarantees that the part printed meets the 3D digital-to-analogue size of input computer.The micro- mechanism, infrared of forging of induction heating disk, ultrasound
Camera, workbench are connected with the temperature controlled computer of responsible pattern, and induction heating disk, workbench and ultrasound micro- forge mechanism
The computer program that is controlled by input temp of track control, the state after ultrasound forges is fed back by infrared camera, instead
Temperature controlled computer is responsible in the result input of feedback, and computer forges and feels by the way that the result of feedback is micro- to workbench, ultrasound
It answers the track of heating dish to be adjusted, guarantees that all sites of part can be crossed and be heated properly and high frequency ultrasound is micro- forges；Sense
The diameter for answering heating dish is 50mm, power 10kW, frequency 10kHz, carries out induction in distance printing plane 5mm eminence and adds
Heat, 850 DEG C of induction heating temperature, induction diathermic depth 2mm, speed of travel 40mm/min；Ultrasonic device power determines 300W, becomes
Width bar length of work segment 180mm, 1.5 kilograms of weight, frequency 10kHz, high frequency ultrasound amplitude transformer diameter of phi 30mm, luffing bar material
For TC4 titanium alloy, 10 microns of amplitude, luffing club head has cooling device to be cooled down.
Embodiment 2
Prepare the 6061 aluminum alloy frame 3D printing equipment that side length is 2m.
The device is mainly by by wire feeder, pattern controller, optical imaging instrument, arc welding gun, induction heating disk, ultrasound
It is micro- to forge mechanism, amplitude transformer, infrared camera, temperature controller, substrate and workbench composition.Arc welding gun, wire feeder, optics
Imager, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, and wherein workbench is the two dimensional motion of front and rear, left and right, control
Precision 0.008mm processed, workbench diameter 3m, arc welding gun and the micro- mechanism that forges of ultrasound is move up and down, control precision
0.008mm；The 3D digital-to-analogue of silk material diameter 1.5mm used in arc welding gun, the computer program of input pattern control are Pro/E soft
Part；Arc welding gun, wire feeder, optical imaging instrument, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, in print procedure
In, the track of workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls, and the state of printing is taken the photograph by optics
As the computer that instrument is fed back, and the responsible pattern of result input of feedback controls, computer is by the result of feedback to workbench
It is adjusted with the track of arc welding gun, keeps the parameters such as overlay effective width, layer height and the speed of welding of printing accurate online
Output and detection guarantee that the part printed meets the 3D digital-to-analogue size of input computer.Induction heating disk, the micro- forging machine of ultrasound
Structure, infrared camera, workbench are connected with the temperature controlled computer of responsible pattern, and induction heating disk, workbench and ultrasound are micro-
The track of mechanism is forged to be controlled by the computer program that input temp controls, high frequency ultrasound is micro- forge after state pass through infrared phase
Machine is fed back, and temperature controlled computer is responsible in the input of the result of feedback, and computer is by the result of feedback to workbench, super
Micro- forge of sound is adjusted with the track of induction heating disk, guarantees that all sites of part can be crossed to be heated properly and surpasses with high frequency
Sound is micro- to be forged；The diameter of induction heating disk is 80mm, power 30kW, frequency 20kHz, prints plane 5mm eminence in distance
Progress induction heating, 550 DEG C of induction heating temperature, induction diathermic depth 4mm, speed of travel 50mm/min；Ultrasonic device power
Determine 350W, amplitude transformer length of work segment 150mm, 2 kilograms of weight, frequency 15kHz, high frequency ultrasound amplitude transformer diameter of phi 40mm,
Luffing bar material is TC4 titanium alloy, and 15 microns of amplitude, luffing club head has cooling device to be cooled down.
Embodiment 3
Prepare the Cu-Ag-Zr alloy sleeve 3D printing equipment that diameter is 2.5m.
The device is mainly by by wire feeder, pattern controller, optical imaging instrument, arc welding gun, induction heating disk, ultrasound
It is micro- to forge mechanism, amplitude transformer, infrared camera, temperature controller, substrate and workbench composition.Arc welding gun, wire feeder, optics
Imager, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, and wherein workbench is the two dimensional motion of front and rear, left and right, control
Precision 0.01mm processed, workbench diameter 3.5m, arc welding gun and the micro- mechanism that forges of ultrasound is move up and down, control precision
0.01mm；The 3D digital-to-analogue of silk material diameter 2mm used in arc welding gun, the computer program of input pattern control are Solidworks soft
Part；Arc welding gun, wire feeder, optical imaging instrument, workbench are connected with the computer that responsible pattern controls, in print procedure
In, the track of workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls, and the state of printing is taken the photograph by optics
As the computer that instrument is fed back, and the responsible pattern of result input of feedback controls, computer is by the result of feedback to workbench
It is adjusted with the track of arc welding gun, keeps the parameters such as overlay effective width, layer height and the speed of welding of printing accurate online
Output and detection guarantee that the part printed meets the 3D digital-to-analogue size of input computer.Induction heating disk, the micro- forging machine of ultrasound
Structure, infrared camera, workbench are connected with the temperature controlled computer of responsible pattern, and induction heating disk, workbench and ultrasound are micro-
The track for forging mechanism is controlled by the computer program that input temp controls, and the state after ultrasound forges is carried out by infrared camera
Temperature controlled computer is responsible in feedback, the result input of feedback, and computer is by the result of feedback to workbench, the micro- forging of ultrasound
It beats and the track of induction heating disk is adjusted, guarantee that all sites of part can be crossed and be heated properly and the micro- forging of high frequency ultrasound
It beats；The diameter of induction heating disk is 60mm, power 20kW, frequency 30kHz, is felt in distance printing plane 6mm eminence
It should heat, 750 DEG C of induction heating temperature, induction diathermic depth 5mm, speed of travel 60mm/min；Ultrasonic device power determines
500W, amplitude transformer length of work segment 200mm, 3 kilograms of weight, frequency 25kHz, high frequency ultrasound amplitude transformer diameter of phi 60mm, luffing
Bar material is TC4 titanium alloy, and 35 microns of amplitude, luffing club head has cooling device to be cooled down.
Embodiment 4
Prepare the TC4 titanium alloy annulus 3D printing technique that diameter is 3m.
The metal parts 3D digital-to-analogue printed is inputted in the computer for being responsible for pattern control, the calculating of input pattern control
The 3D digital-to-analogue UG software programming of machine program, writes the program of each layer of printing in a computer, and printing starting point is in workbench
The heart, printing path are that ecto-entad is gradually layered printing, print speed 30mm/min；The TC4 titanium alloy wire materials that will be printed
Be packed into wire feeder, silk material diameter 1mm used, arc welding gun prevents from aoxidizing using argon arc welding, welding current 15A, workbench with
The track of arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls；The state of print procedure is fed back by optical photography instrument
The computer controlled to responsible pattern, computer are adjusted the track of workbench and arc welding gun by the result fed back；
After printing height about 3mm, stop electric arc wire feeding printing, carrying out induction heating and ultrasound to flood printing plane, high frequency is micro- forges place
Reason, the state of temperature after ultrasound forges are fed back by infrared camera to temperature controlled computer is responsible for, and computer passes through feedback
Result to workbench, ultrasound is micro- forges and the track of induction heating disk is adjusted；Ultrasound it is micro- forge after, continue according to 3D number
Mould carries out electric arc wire feeding printing, then after printing about 3mm high, stop printing carrying out it is ultrasonic high frequency is micro- forges, such circulating repetition is straight
It completes to print to part.Without carrying out stress relief annealing after part printing shaping, can completely eliminate in the printing composition of material
Burnt structure and micro-crack defect, part printing after metallographic structure be directly fine isometric crystal grains, crystal grain diameter is less than 20
Micron, mechanical performance and anti-fatigue performance significantly improve.
Embodiment 5
Prepare the 6061 aluminum alloy frame 3D printing techniques that side length is 2m.
The metal parts 3D digital-to-analogue printed is inputted in the computer for being responsible for pattern control, the calculating of input pattern control
The 3D digital-to-analogue Pro/E software programming of machine program, writes the program of each layer of printing in a computer, and printing starting point is workbench
Center, printing path are gradually layering printing, print speed 40mm/min from inside to outside；6061 aluminum-alloy wires that will be printed
Material is packed into wire feeder, silk material diameter 1.5mm used, and arc welding gun prevents from aoxidizing using argon arc welding, welding current 20A, work
The track of platform and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls；The state of print procedure passes through optical photography instrument
The computer of responsible pattern control is fed back, computer adjusts the track of workbench and arc welding gun by the result fed back
It is whole；After printing height about 4mm, stop electric arc wire feeding printing, induction heating and the micro- forging of ultrasonic high frequency are carried out to flood printing plane
Processing is played, the state of temperature after ultrasound forges is fed back by infrared camera to temperature controlled computer is responsible for, and computer passes through
The result of feedback to workbench, ultrasound is micro- forges and the track of induction heating disk is adjusted；Ultrasound it is micro- forge after, continue basis
3D digital-to-analogue carries out electric arc wire feeding printing, then after printing about 4mm high, stops printing and carries out ultrasound high frequency is micro- to forge, so circulation is heavy
Again until part completes printing.Without carrying out stress relief annealing after part printing shaping, the printing structure of material can be completely eliminated
Burnt structure and micro-crack defect in, the metallographic structure after part printing is directly fine isometric crystal grains, and crystal grain diameter is small
In 20 microns, mechanical performance and anti-fatigue performance are significantly improved.
Embodiment 6
Prepare the Cu-Ag-Zr alloy sleeve 3D printing technique that diameter is 2.5m.
The metal parts 3D digital-to-analogue printed is inputted in the computer for being responsible for pattern control, the calculating of input pattern control
The 3D digital-to-analogue Solidworks software programming of machine program, writes the program of each layer of printing in a computer, and printing starting point is
Table core, printing path are gradually layering printing, print speed 50mm/min from inside to outside；The Cu-Ag- that will be printed
Zr alloy wire is packed into wire feeder, silk material diameter 2mm used, and arc welding gun prevents from aoxidizing using argon arc welding, welding current
The track of 30A, workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by the computer program that input pattern controls；The state of print procedure passes through light
It learns video camera and feeds back the computer controlled to responsible pattern, computer passes through rail of the result to workbench and arc welding gun of feedback
Mark is adjusted；After printing height about 5mm, stop electric arc wire feeding printing, induction heating and ultrasound are carried out to flood printing plane
High frequency is micro- to forge processing, and the state of temperature after ultrasound forges is fed back to temperature controlled computer is responsible for by infrared camera, counted
Calculation machine by the result of feedback to workbench, ultrasound is micro- forges and the track of induction heating disk is adjusted；Ultrasound it is micro- forge after,
Continue to carry out electric arc wire feeding printing according to 3D digital-to-analogue, then after printing about 5mm high, stop printing carrying out it is ultrasonic high frequency is micro- forges, such as
This circulating repetition is until part completes printing.Without carrying out stress relief annealing after part printing shaping, material can be completely eliminated
Printing constitute in burnt structure and micro-crack defect, the metallographic structure after part printing is directly fine isometric crystal grains, brilliant
Less than 20 microns, mechanical performance and anti-fatigue performance significantly improve grain diameter.
Embodiment described above is only to absolutely prove preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection model of the invention
It encloses without being limited thereto.Those skilled in the art's made equivalent substitute or transformation on the basis of the present invention, in the present invention
Protection scope within.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of heavy parts 3D printing characterized by comprising
The computer program control that the track of silk material diameter 0.5mm~5mm used, workbench and arc welding gun is controlled by input pattern
System；
The state of print procedure feeds back the computer controlled to responsible pattern, the knot that computer passes through feedback by optical photography instrument
Fruit is adjusted the track of workbench and arc welding gun；
According to different metal material, after printing height about 2~6mm, stops electric arc wire feeding printing, flood printing plane is felt
It should heat and ultrasonic high frequency is micro- forges processing, the state of temperature after ultrasound forges is fed back by infrared camera to the control of responsible temperature
Computer, computer adjusts workbench, the micro- track for forging mechanism and induction heating disk of ultrasound by the result of feedback
It is whole；
Ultrasound is micro- forge after, continue to carry out electric arc wire feeding printing according to 3D digital-to-analogue, then after printing about 2-6mm high, stop printing into
High frequency is micro- forges for row ultrasound, and such circulating repetition is until part completes printing.
2. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control precision of the workbench
More than 0.01mm.
3. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the arc welding gun and the micro- forging of ultrasound
The control precision for beating mechanism is more than 0.01mm.
4. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the computer journey of input pattern control
The 3D digital-to-analogue of sequence can be the softwares such as UG, Pro/E, AutoCAD, Solidworks, Catia.
5. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the arc welding gun uses argon arc welding
It prevents from aoxidizing, welding current 10A~100A.
6. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter of the induction heating disk is
20~200mm, power about 5~30kW, 5~50kHz of frequency carry out induction in distance printing 3~10mm of plane eminence and add
Heat determines the temperature of induction heating according to material, is heated to the recrystallization temperature of material or more, induction diathermic 1~5mm of depth,
20~300mm/min of the speed of travel.
7. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasound is micro- to be forged in mechanism
Amplitude transformer 150~500mm of length of work segment, 1~5 kilogram of weight, 5~50kHz of frequency.
8. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasound is micro- to be forged in mechanism
Amplitude transformer 10~100mm of diameter of phi, luffing bar material be TC4 titanium alloy, 5~50 microns of amplitude.
9. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasound is micro- to be forged in mechanism
Luffing club head has cooling device to be cooled down.
10. the method for heavy parts 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasound is micro- to forge mechanism
200~2000W of power.
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| CN201811443895.0A CN109332851A (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | The method of heavy parts 3D printing |
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