CN107584118A - Increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus - Google Patents
Increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107584118A CN107584118A CN201710829921.2A CN201710829921A CN107584118A CN 107584118 A CN107584118 A CN 107584118A CN 201710829921 A CN201710829921 A CN 201710829921A CN 107584118 A CN107584118 A CN 107584118A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, including the heating element heater for being heated to sedimentary, the temperature element for the forging and stamping element that is forged to heating region and for detecting heating region temperature;Also include control element, the heating element heater, forging and stamping element and temperature element electrically connect with control element respectively.The present invention is greatly improved the consistency of increasing material manufacturing metal material, eliminates internal stress, defect, control and improvement internal grain structure is reduced, so as to improve the mechanical property of material;In addition, the technology of the present invention has higher operability, can be needed to control the time forged, temperature according to technique;Go for more 3D printing methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material increasing field technical field, and in particular to increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment one makeup
Put, there is a kind of its forging and stamping annealing device being related to during metal increasing material manufacturing.
Background technology
The high-end equipment of the modern industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, ship, electric power and petrochemical industry is to maximization, high parameter, extreme evil
High reliability, the direction of long life serve are fast-developing under the conditions of bad, the key metal such as its titanium alloy, high-strength steel and heat-resisting alloy
Scantling is increasing, structure is increasingly complicated, performance requirement increasingly improves.Corresponding manufacturing technology requires more and more higher, chosen
Fight increasingly serious, above-mentioned large-scale, entirety, high-performance metal structure are produced using traditional manufacturing technologies such as casting, forging and machinings
Part, not only need heavy casting, forging and machining tool be standby and large mold, technical difficulty is big, moreover, material cutting output it is big,
Stock utilization is low, the cycle is long, cost is high, hardware high energy beam " quick manufacture " technology, also referred to as " increasing material manufacturing " technology,
" 3D printing technique " is commonly called as, is that one kind uses high energy beam(Laser, electron beam, beam-plasma)Deng being used as thermal source, by material by
Layer addition accumulation, the Digitized Manufacturing Technology for realizing component mouldless shaping.High energy beam Rapid Manufacturing Technology is by " material preparation/essence
Really shaping " is organic to combine together and three-dimensional complex shapes part is manufactured into discrete successively folding for simple two dimensional surface shape
Add, the realization for realization particularly high-performance or the extraordinary performance component and structure of designer's fantasy provides effectively
Approach.The technology can more be greatly shortened the production cycle, reduce manufacturing cost, saves material consumption and fabricate expense simultaneously
With, development, production and working service of high-end equipment etc. be owned by huge market value and wide market application
Prospect.
Existing high energy beam Rapid Manufacturing Technology is general only by controlling melt raw material to carry out stacking shaping, process pair
Part is without other processing modes.So generally there is many deficiencies such as in conventional increasing material manufacturing part:1. forged without passing through,
Metal anti-fatigue performance wretched insufficiency;2. inevitably there is the defects of stomata, incomplete fusion in inside parts;3. internal stress can not
Release in time, easily causes stress concentration and ftractures.And for thermals source such as such as laser and electron beam, due in print procedure, gold
The cooling velocity in category molten bath is very fast, and molten bath existence time is very short, and it can not be further processed.Asked for more than
Topic, can be forged and heat-treating apparatus the invention provides one kind in high energy beam rapid manufacturing process to part, so as to
The tissue of metal increasing material manufacturing process can be controlled and be optimized, reduce the generation of defect, improve the performance of printing part.
Zhang Haiou professor team of the Central China University of Science and Technology is directed to the technical characterstic of electric arc increasing material manufacturing, using " the micro- casting of intelligence is forged
The mode of milling composite manufacturing " is processed manufacture to metal parts, realizes 3D printing forging state equiaxial miniaturization of crystal, height uniformly
The manufacture of consistency, high tough, complex-shaped metal forging.Its Forming Theory is as shown in figure 1, in plasma melting thermal source
Below, a forging press is with the addition of, after being cooled to semisolid in molten bath, continuous forging is implemented, thick column crystal is forged
Tiny equiax crystal is caused, improves the mechanical property of material.Device shown in Fig. 1 is just for electric arc increasing material manufacturing, for laser
With the faster increases material manufacturing technology of molten bath cooling velocity such as electron beam and do not apply to, and forging technology is single, can not select to forge and press
Temperature and forge time, for different materials, effect there may be larger difference.
The content of the invention
The present invention can not provide process optimization processing for existing increases material manufacturing technology to the microscopic structure of metal parts
A kind of problem, there is provided increasing material manufacturing that can be forged and be heat-treated to part in high energy beam rapid manufacturing process forging and stamping heat
Integrated apparatus is handled, the tissue of metal increasing material manufacturing process can be controlled and be optimized, reduces the generation of defect, raising is beaten
Print the performance of part.
The technical scheme is that:Increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, including for entering to sedimentary
Heating element heater, the thermometric for the forging and stamping element that is forged to heating region and for detecting heating region temperature of row heating
Element;Also include control element, the heating element heater, forging and stamping element and temperature element electrically connect with control element respectively.It is described
Sedimentary refer to metal increasing material manufacturing during, the raw material such as metal dust or wire after high temperature welding, solidify shape
Into accumulation horizon.
Further, the heating element heater refers to the element that sedimentary can be heated to required temperature, including but unlimited
Add in plasma boiler, electro-arc heater, sensing heater, electron-beam heater, acetylene torch heater, tungsten argon arc
One kind in hot device, laser heater, infrared heater, microwave applicator, dielectric heater.Preferably, using plasma
Heater, electron-beam heater, electro-arc heater, laser heater;It is further preferred that using electro-arc heater.
Heating element heater can be used for heating metal to forge temperature to suitable, or by heating stress concentration point, eliminates and add
Work internal stress.
Forging and stamping element can forge to specific region, after heating devices heat to predetermined temperature, to heating zone
Carry out and continuously forge in domain.
Further, the temperature element is contactless temperature-measuring element.
Preferably, the temperature element is infrared radiation thermometer.
Further degree, described heating element heater, forging and stamping element, temperature element can be integrated in a module, or respectively
Set, such as when specifically used, the correct position being separately mounted in increasing material manufacturing device so that temperature element can detect
The temperature of area/location to be forged, heating element heater preheat to forging area/location.
In some cases, without forging be organized as along shaping direction column crystal, and forge can be formed it is tiny
Equiax crystal.
Based on same inventive concept, a kind of increasing material manufacturing equipment, forging and stamping heat treatment integration as described above is installed
Device.
A kind of method that increasing material manufacturing is carried out using above-mentioned increasing material manufacturing equipment, is comprised the following steps:
S1, control melt raw material carry out stacking shaping;
S2, using forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus the metal level accumulated is heat-treated and/or forged.
Further, in step S1, stacking shaping is completed by way of fuse or molten powder.
Further, step S1 and step S2 can be carried out simultaneously according to process requirements, and step S2 also can be according to process requirements
Carried out after step S1.
Wherein, process requirements refer mainly to the conditions such as forge time, forging and stamping temperature, heat treatment time and heat treatment temperature.
Further, in step S2, the process that is forged to the metal level accumulated comprises the following steps:
(1)Heating element heater, which is treated, to be forged region and is heated, meanwhile, temperature element, which is treated, to be forged the temperature in region and is detected simultaneously
Temperature signal is passed into control unit, the temperature in control unit region relatively to be forged and the default size for forging temperature value;
(2)When control unit judge wait the temperature for forging region be more than or equal to it is default forge temperature when, control unit is to forging and stamping
Element, which is sent, forges signal, and forging and stamping element, which starts to treat, to be forged region and forged;
(3)Persistently forge, control unit controls forging and stamping element to be stopped according to process requirements, and that completes the region forges place
Reason;
(4)Repeat step(1)To step(3), that completes other regions to be forged forges processing.
Preferably, step(3)In persistently forge certain time or number after, then control unit according to process requirements control forge
Pressure element is stopped, and that completes the region forges processing.
It is above-mentioned to forge certain time or number refers to according to those skilled in the art according to actual production, processing technology
Need, selection suitably forges time and number, forges time/number due to increasing material manufacturing object, technique needs, cost etc. no
With requirement and it is different, certain time or number herein refer to suitable all increasing material manufacturing systems, technique it is any when forging
Between or number.
Further, in step S2, when being heat-treated to the metal level accumulated, comprise the following steps:
(1)Heating element heater is treated thermal treatment zone and heated, meanwhile, the temperature that temperature element treats thermal treatment zone is examined
Survey and temperature signal is passed into control unit, the temperature in control unit region more to be heated and default heat treatment temperature value
Size;
(2)When control unit judges that the temperature in region to be heated reaches default heat treatment temperature, control unit control heating
Element adjusts heating power in real time, and the temperature in region to be heated is maintained under default temperature condition of heat treatment;
(3)When heat treatment time reaches process requirements, control unit control heating element heater is stopped, and completes heat treatment, or
Heating element heater adjustment heating power is controlled, carries out the heat treatment of next stage.
Further, the increasing material manufacturing equipment includes laser near-net-shape increasing material manufacturing equipment, electron beam fuse deposits
One kind in increasing material manufacturing equipment, electric arc increasing material manufacturing increasing material manufacturing equipment.
The present invention is directed to traditional high energy beam increases material manufacturing technology only by controlling melt raw material to carry out stacking shaping, processed
Journey to part without other processing modes, the shortcomings that comprehensive mechanical property of material can not be ensured, it is proposed that one kind can increase material system
During making, the forging and stamping that process processing is carried out to metallization structure are heat-treated integrated apparatus.The present invention is greatly improved increasing
Material manufactures the consistency of metal material, eliminates internal stress, defect, control and improvement internal grain structure is reduced, so as to improve
The mechanical property of material.
In addition, compared to prior art, technology of the invention has higher operability, can needed to control according to technique
Make the time forged, temperature;Go for more 3D printing methods, even the 3D printing side that bath temperature cools down rapidly
Formula, the device of the present invention can also be used to be forged.Moreover, relative to pure smithwelding 3D printing, product of the invention has more
High interfacial adhesion strength.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing electric arc increasing material manufacturing process schematic.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing process schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the control principle sketch of the forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that in the feelings not conflicted
Under condition, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can be mutually combined.For sake of convenience, hereinafter as occurred
" on ", " under ", "left", "right" printed words, only represent that the upper and lower, left and right direction with accompanying drawing in itself is consistent, do not act limiting to structure
It is set for using.
Embodiment 1
The content that above-described embodiment illustrates should be understood to that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that the present invention, rather than
The scope of the present invention is limited, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art repair to the various equivalent form of values of the invention
Change and each fall within the application appended claims limited range.
Increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, including the heating element heater 1 for being heated to sedimentary, use
In the forging and stamping element 2 forged to heating region and temperature element 3 for detecting heating region temperature;Also include control member
Part 4, the heating element heater 1, forging and stamping element 2 and temperature element 3 electrically connect with control element 4 respectively(See Fig. 2 and Fig. 4).
Preferably, forge and press element 2 and heating element heater 1 be arranged in parallel.
The heating element heater 1 includes plasma boiler, electro-arc heater, sensing heater, electron-beam heater, second
One in alkynes fired heater, tungsten argon arc heater, laser heater, infrared heater, microwave applicator, dielectric heater
Kind.
The temperature element 3 is contactless temperature-measuring element, preferably infrared radiation thermometer.
A kind of increasing material manufacturing equipment, forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus as described above is installed.Preferably, at forging and stamping heat
The printhead that integrated apparatus is managed immediately following increasing material manufacturing equipment is set.
In the present embodiment, increasing material manufacturing is set with forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus configuration in laser near-net-shape increasing material manufacturing
Standby upper, laser melts the powder formation molten drop of coaxial spray feed according to preassigned path and instills molten bath, and molten bath quickly cools down,
Crystal grain carries out epitaxial growth due to being influenceed by heat transfer direction, along molten bath, ultimately forms column crystal, inside there may be not
The bubble that can be overflowed in time.Subsequent increasing material manufacturing process processing unit is along deposition trajectory using beam-plasma again to sedimentary
Heated, meanwhile, infrared radiation thermometer is detected to heating region temperature and temperature signal is passed into control element in real time,
When arrival is default forges temperature, control element outflow instruction, forging and stamping element forges to the region.After forging
Region crystal grain re-forms equiax crystal after being crushed by original column crystal, persists stomata and overflows surface under the pressure forged.Through
Layer upon layer is crossed, forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus is handled layer by layer as needed, until part is properly completed.Electron beam melts
The performance of silk deposition and electric arc increases material manufacturing technology is similar to the above.
Claims (10)
1. increasing material manufacturing forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, it is characterised in that including adding for what is heated to sedimentary
Thermal element(1), forging and stamping element for being forged to heating region(2)With the temperature element for detecting heating region temperature
(3);Also include control element(4), the heating element heater(1), forging and stamping element(2)And temperature element(3)Respectively with control element
(4)Electrically connect.
2. increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1 forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, it is characterised in that the heating unit
Part(1)Including plasma boiler, electro-arc heater, sensing heater, electron-beam heater, acetylene torch heater, tungsten
One kind in pole argon arc heater, laser heater, infrared heater, microwave applicator, dielectric heater.
3. increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1 forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, it is characterised in that the thermometric member
Part(3)For contactless temperature-measuring element.
4. increasing material manufacturing according to claim 3 forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus, it is characterised in that the thermometric member
Part(3)For infrared radiation thermometer.
5. a kind of increasing material manufacturing equipment, it is characterised in that install just like the forging and stamping heat treatment one described in any one of claim 1 ~ 4
Body makeup is put.
A kind of 6. method that increasing material manufacturing is carried out using increasing material manufacturing equipment as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
S1, control melt raw material carry out stacking shaping;
S2, using forging and stamping heat treatment integrated apparatus the metal level accumulated is heat-treated and/or forged.
7. the method according to claim 6 for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that in step S1, stacking shaping passes through
The mode of fuse or molten powder is completed.
8. the method according to claim 6 for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that in step S2, to the gold accumulated
The process that category layer is forged, comprises the following steps:
(1)Heating element heater(1)Treat and forge region and heated, meanwhile, temperature element(3)Treat the temperature progress for forging region
Detect and temperature signal is passed into control unit(4), control unit(4)The temperature for comparing region to be forged forges temperature with default
The size of angle value;
(2)Work as control unit(4)Judge wait the temperature for forging region be more than or equal to it is default forge temperature when, control unit(4)
To forging and stamping element(2)Send and forge signal, forge and press element(2)Start to treat and forge region and forged;
(3)Persistently forge, control unit(4)Forging and stamping element is controlled according to process requirements(2)It is stopped, completes the forging in the region
Play processing;
(4)Repeat step(1)To step(3), that completes other regions to be forged forges processing.
9. the method according to claim 6 for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that in step S2, to the gold accumulated
When category layer is heat-treated, comprise the following steps:
(1)Heating element heater(1)Thermal treatment zone is treated to be heated, meanwhile, temperature element(3)Treat the temperature of thermal treatment zone
Detected and temperature signal is passed into control unit(4 ), control unit(4)The temperature in region more to be heated with it is pre-
If the size of heat treatment temperature value;
(2)Work as control unit(4)When judging that the temperature in region to be heated reaches default heat treatment temperature, control unit(4)Control
Heating element heater processed(1)Adjustment heating power in real time, the temperature in region to be heated is maintained under default temperature condition of heat treatment;
(3)When heat treatment time reaches process requirements, control unit(4)Control heating element heater(1)It is stopped, completes at heat
Reason, or control heating element heater(1)Heating power is adjusted, carries out the heat treatment of next stage.
10. the method according to claim 6 for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that the increasing material manufacturing equipment includes
Laser near-net-shape increasing material manufacturing equipment, electron beam fuse deposition increasing material manufacturing equipment, electric arc increasing material manufacturing increasing material manufacturing equipment
In one kind.
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CN108817389A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-16 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the device and method of metal increasing material manufacturing part performance |
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CN117696916A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-15 | 广东工业大学 | Gradient hardness adjusting method for laser printing, laser printing method and system |
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