CN109332829A

CN109332829A - The control device and wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM

Info

Publication number: CN109332829A
Application number: CN201811457521.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李克君
Original assignee: ZIGONG JIATE CNC MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Current assignee: ZIGONG JIATE CNC MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-30
Filing date: 2018-11-30
Publication date: 2019-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-30
Also published as: CN109332829B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control device of Wire Electrode WEDM, including rack, wire storage cylinder, several transition guide wheels, upper block and lower tumbler, wire electrode, tension adjusting device etc., and angular encoder is added in the end of drive lead screw；It is respectively equipped with shaft type tension sensor in rack between upper head and wire storage cylinder and between lower head and wire storage cylinder, tension detection wheel is equipped with by bearing on each shaft type tension sensor；The invention also discloses a kind of wire-walking methods；The present invention can greatly improve machining accuracy, and wire electrode occur bite when dynamic, in time adjust wire electrode wire processing sections and breeze way, prevent wire electrode from occurring breaking phenomenon because of loss, avoid frequent change electric wire, guarantee the normal operation of lathe, improves the utilization rate of processing efficiency and wire electrode.

Description

The control device and wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of control device for to-and-fro wire-travelling type electric spark linear cutting machine wire electrode and wire sides Method.

Background technique

To-and-fro wire-travelling type electric spark linear cutting machine by control element driving motor, drives wire storage cylinder weight in processing The forward and reverse of complex Alternating rotates, so that reciprocal operation processing is realized in wire electrode folding and unfolding.When Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining, in electricity High-frequency pulse voltage is loaded between polar filament and workpiece, drives workpiece mobile by program track by workbench, between wire electrode and workpiece Microgap electric discharge is formed, shapes workpiece galvanic corrosion, while galvanic corrosion workpiece, wire electrode equally will receive a degree of erosion It removes, there are frictional dissipations for movement wire system in addition, therefore with the growth of process time, wire electrode diameter can be smaller and smaller, diameter Variation cause processing consistency it is poor, influence machining accuracy, be especially apparent in demanding finishing；And wire electrode Rigidity is poor, adjacent to the side of workpiece by resistance when processing, inevitably generates bending, forms arc, there are so-called It allows knife phenomenon, causes machined surface to become dolioform, also influence machining accuracy；The galvanic corrosion degree phase being subject to simultaneously for guarantee wire electrode To smaller, therefore the wire electrode linear velocity back and forth run is higher (8-15m/s), however in wire storage cylinder motor commutation, necessarily deposit In deceleration-commutation-boosting velocity procedure again, if loading high frequency voltage between wire electrode and workpiece in this process, wire electrode very may be used It can directly be blown, to avoid this from happening, in wire storage cylinder positive decommuntation, high frequency pulse power supply is exported close simultaneously by system It closes, the processing of board feeding at this time restores to process again after the completion of stopping to commutation delay, therefore, the wire electrode of winding on wire storage cylinder Wire processing sections and the breeze way for having neither part nor lot in electro-discharge machining positioned at its both ends are certainly existed, theoretically breeze way wire electrode diameter It is hardly lossy in addition to having minimum frictional dissipation, a problem is so just brought, with the growth of process time, ginseng Attenuating with processing sections wire electrode, therefore its workpieces processing formation grooving also can be smaller and smaller, and the width of cutting gap is equal to Region of discharge segment electrode silk diameter adds 0.02mm discharging gap, between region of discharge segment electrode silk diameter after loss adds 0.02mm to discharge When gap is less than breeze way wire electrode diameter, then the grooving before the breeze way of wire electrode is difficult to enter occurs bite, easily leads to electricity Polar filament is disconnected in breeze way card, needs frequent shutdown, change electric wire, influences the normal operation of lathe.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of electric spark linear cutting machine electrode The control device and wire-walking method of silk, it can greatly improve machining accuracy, and the dynamic, in time when bite occurs for wire electrode The wire processing sections and breeze way for adjusting wire electrode, prevent wire electrode from occurring breaking phenomenon because of loss, avoid frequently replacing electricity Polar filament guarantees the normal operation of lathe, improves the utilization rate of processing efficiency and wire electrode.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the control device of Wire Electrode WEDM of the invention, including rack, be set to Wire storage cylinder, several transition guide wheels in rack, the upper block on upper and lower head and lower tumbler, be around in wire storage cylinder, transition is led Wheel and the wire electrode on upper block and lower tumbler, tension adjusting device, wire storage cylinder sliding be set to linear guide on and and main shaft It being connected, one end of main shaft is connected by shaft coupling with servo motor A, and the other end is connected by driving gear pair with drive lead screw, Drive lead screw and fixed nut cooperate, it is characterised in that are equipped with angular encoder in the end of drive lead screw；Upper head with Shaft type tension sensor, each shaft type tension sensing are respectively equipped in rack between wire storage cylinder and between lower head and wire storage cylinder Tension detection wheel is equipped with by bearing on device, the wire electrode is also around in two tension detection wheels and forms cornerite；Servo electricity Machine A, angular encoder, shaft type tension sensor are connected with programmable controller.

The wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM for above-mentioned control device, characterized by comprising: A) By the setting of programmable controller and angular encoder (sensor of the angular encoder as detection rotation angle) by electrode Part of the silk for processing is divided into two sections or more；One tension preset value T is inputted into programmable controller, T is slightly less than wire electrode Tensile strength；B) each section of machined electrode silk successively uses, and when every section of machined electrode silk use passes through programmable controller and angle Degree encoder control servo motor driving wire storage cylinder does repetition and alternately back and forth processes wire and buffering wire, reciprocal processing every time Wire: wire storage cylinder is rotated forward or backwards by preset angle, is realized the wire processing of preset length wire electrode, that is, is determined wire Segment length is processed, high frequency pulse power supply discharges during this；Buffering wire every time: after previous reciprocal processing wire, Wire storage cylinder continuation rotates in same direction, realizes the buffering wire of preset length wire electrode, and high frequency pulse power supply stops during this Electric discharge；Each section of machined electrode silk walks thread tension using different, and every section of machined electrode silk is sensed in wire by two-axis tension The tension of device real-time detection wire electrode simultaneously feeds back to programmable controller；C) every section of machined electrode silk is in wire such as any The tension of a shaft type tension sensor detecting electrode silk reaches tension preset value T, then programmable controller stops driving wire storage cylinder Rotation, then wire storage cylinder opposite direction is driven to rotate a predetermined angle, i.e., with opposite direction wire a distance, and add this as this section Work wire electrode buffers the terminal of wire next time, and passes through angular encoder by default so that doing again in this section of machined electrode silk Repeat the former wire processing sections that the alternate reciprocal wire electrode overall length processed wire and buffer wire is derived from this section of machined electrode silk In；D) step B and C is repeated to continue to process；

The present invention is segmented by the part for being used to process by wire electrode, and each section respectively corresponds different manufacturing procedures, such as thick Processing, semifinishing and finishing, avoid influence of the wire electrode diameter change to processing consistency, while each section of machined electrode Silk walks thread tension using different, and thread tension is bigger for walking when finishing, can be improved the rigidity of wire electrode, reduction allow knife phenomenon and Machined surface it is dolioform, greatly improve machining accuracy；As every section of machined electrode silk (including back and forth processes wire and slow in wire Wash away silk), the grooving before breeze way is difficult to enter on workpiece, then one end of this segment electrode silk is tightened up, and the other end generates Relaxation, the tension value that one of shaft type tension sensor detects can increase suddenly, in this, as feedback signal, programmable control Device processed stops that the rotation of driving wire storage cylinder, opposite direction rotates again, and by default dynamic, adjust the new wire of this segment electrode silk in time Processing sections and breeze way, new wire processing sections and breeze way can avoid both from the former wire processing sections of this segment electrode silk Wire electrode fracture, prevents wire electrode from occurring breaking phenomenon because of loss, avoids frequent change electric wire, guarantee the normal fortune of lathe Row improves processing efficiency, and can improve the utilization rate of wire electrode；

As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention, the tension adjusting device includes the two parallel guide posts and one in rack Lead screw, lead screw is parallel with two guide posts, and servo motor B is connect with lead screw by timing belt pulley mechanism, and a slide and nut are connected And slide loaded on two guide posts, nut is coupled on screw rod by screw thread, and slide is equipped with tensioning wheel, and wire electrode is also around in tensioning wheel On；It is corresponding, the position of servo motor B rotation, adjustment tensioning wheel is controlled by programmable controller, so that each section of machined electrode Silk walks thread tension using different；Intelligent tension adjustment, accuracy and timeliness can be improved；

As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention, programmable controller is connected with warning device, and buzzing can be used in warning device Device or combined aural and visual alarm；It is corresponding, it is preset when the tension of any one shaft type tension sensor detecting electrode silk reaches tension When value T, programmable controller exports warning information by warning device；Operator can be reminded to pay attention to the adjustment state of equipment, Accident is avoided the occurrence of, the intelligent level of complete machine is promoted；

As the further improvement of the method for the present invention, tension preset value T is the 80-90% of wire electrode tensile strength；Both it can avoid electricity The fracture of polar filament, and can accurately judge bite operating condition；

In conclusion the present invention can greatly improve machining accuracy, and dynamic, in time adjustment electricity when bite occurs for wire electrode The wire processing sections and breeze way of polar filament, prevent wire electrode from occurring breaking phenomenon because of loss, avoid frequent change electric wire, protect The normal operation of lathe is demonstrate,proved, the utilization rate of processing efficiency and wire electrode is improved.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the control device embodiment of Wire Electrode WEDM of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is the main view of wire storage cylinder driving device.

Fig. 4 is the wire electrode working condition distribution map being around on wire storage cylinder.

Specific embodiment

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the control device of the Wire Electrode WEDM, including rack 1, be set to rack 1 On wire storage cylinder 2, several transition guide wheels 3, the upper block 4 on upper head, the lower tumbler 5 on lower head, be around in storage Silk cylinder 2, all transition guide wheels 3 and wire electrode 6, tension adjusting device 19 on upper block 4 and lower tumbler 5, in upper head and storage Shaft type tension sensor 7 or 8, each shaft type are respectively equipped between silk cylinder 2 and in the rack 1 between lower head and wire storage cylinder 2 Tension detection wheel 9 is equipped with by bearing on force snesor 7 or 8；Tension adjusting device 19 includes two parallel in the rack 1 Guide post 11 and a lead screw 12, lead screw 12 is parallel with two guide posts 11, and servo motor 13 and lead screw 12 pass through timing belt pulley mechanism 15 Connection, a slide 16 are connected with nut 17 and slide loaded on two guide posts 11, and nut 17 is coupled on screw rod 12 by screw thread, slide 16 are equipped with tensioning wheel 18；Be around in wire storage cylinder 2, all transition guide wheels 3, tension detection wheel 9, tensioning wheel 18, upper block 4 and under lead Wire electrode 6 on wheel 5 forms wire circuit, and the wire electrode 6 is around in two tension detection wheels 9 and forms cornerite；Wire storage cylinder 2 is sliding Dynamic is set in linear guide 20 and is connected with main shaft 21, and one end of main shaft 21 is connected by shaft coupling 22 with servo motor 23, The other end is connected by driving gear pair 24 with drive lead screw 25, and drive lead screw 25 and fixed nut 26 cooperate, in driving wire The end of bar 25 is equipped with angular encoder 27；Servo motor 13 and 23, angular encoder 27, two-axis tension sensor 7 and 8 are equal It is connected with programmable controller (not shown), programmable controller is also connected with warning device, and buzzer can be used in warning device Or combined aural and visual alarm.

The wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM for above-mentioned control device, comprising the following steps: A) it is logical It crosses programmable controller and angular encoder 27 is arranged different start angles (angular encoder 27 is as detection rotation angle Sensor), as shown in figure 4, the part that wire electrode 6 is used to process is divided into three sections of machined electrode silks L1, L2, L3；By a tension Preset value T inputs programmable controller, and tension preset value T is the 80-90% of wire electrode tensile strength；B) three sections of machined electrode silks L1, L2, L3 are successively used, and when every section of machined electrode silk use passes through programmable controller and angular encoder 27 controls servo Motor 23 drives wire storage cylinder 2 to do repetition and alternately back and forth processes wire and buffering wire, reciprocal processing wire every time: wire storage cylinder 2 It is rotated forward or backwards by preset angle, realizes the wire processing of preset length wire electrode, that is, determine that segment length is processed in wire, As in Fig. 4 in first segment machined electrode silk L1 L1-1 that corresponding segment electrode silk be instantly first segment machined electrode silk L1 walk Silk processing segment length, high frequency pulse power supply discharges during this；Buffering wire every time: terminate in previous reciprocal processing wire Afterwards, the continuation of wire storage cylinder 2 rotates in same direction, realizes the buffering wire of preset length wire electrode, such as first segment processing electricity in Fig. 4 L1-2 that corresponding segment electrode silk in both ends is the buffering segment length for being first segment machined electrode silk L1 instantly in polar filament L1, this Period high frequency pulse power supply stops electric discharge；Three sections of machined electrode silks L1, L2, L3 are walked thread tension and are sequentially increased using different, Every section of machined electrode silk in wire (including back and forth processing wire and buffering wire) is examined in real time by two-axis tension sensor 7,8 It surveys the tension of wire electrode 6 and feeds back to programmable controller；C) every section of machined electrode silk is in wire such as any one shaft type The tension of tension sensor 7 or 8 detecting electrode silks 6 reaches tension preset value T, shows that bite occurs at this time, then PLC technology Device stops driving wire storage cylinder 2 and rotates, then 2 opposite direction of wire storage cylinder is driven to rotate a predetermined angle, i.e., with one section of opposite direction wire away from From, and buffer using this as this section of machined electrode silk the terminal of wire next time, and by angular encoder 27 by default so that Again repetition is done in this section of machined electrode silk and alternately back and forth processes wire and buffers the wire electrode overall length of wire be derived from this section and add In the former wire processing sections of work wire electrode, by taking first segment machined electrode silk L1 as an example, repetition is done again in this section of machined electrode silk Alternate reciprocal processing wire and the wire electrode overall length for buffering wire are derived from former wire processing sections L1-1；D step B and C) are repeated Continue to process；

The present invention is segmented by the part for being used to process by wire electrode 6, and each section respectively corresponds different manufacturing procedures, such as thick Processing, semifinishing and finishing, avoid influence of the wire electrode diameter change to processing consistency, while each section of machined electrode Silk is walked thread tension and is sequentially increased using different, and when finishing reaches maximum, and the rigidity of wire electrode 6, subtracts when processing can be improved It is small to allow the dolioform of knife phenomenon and machined surface, greatly improve machining accuracy；If every section of machined electrode silk is in wire, breeze way Grooving before being difficult to enter on workpiece, then one end of this segment electrode silk is tightened up, and the other end generates relaxation, one of shaft type The tension value that tension sensor 7 or 8 detects can increase suddenly, and in this, as feedback signal, programmable controller stops driving The rotation of wire storage cylinder 2, opposite direction rotates again, and by default dynamic, to adjust the new wire processing sections of this segment electrode silk gentle in time Section, new wire processing sections and breeze way are rushed both from the former wire processing sections of this segment electrode silk, can avoid wire electrode fracture, It prevents wire electrode from occurring breaking phenomenon because of loss, avoids frequent change electric wire, guarantee the normal operation of lathe, improve processing Efficiency, and the utilization rate of wire electrode can be improved；

Tension preset value T is the 80-90% of wire electrode tensile strength；Not only it can avoid the fracture of wire electrode, but also can accurately sentence It is disconnected bite operating condition whether occur；It controls servo motor 13 by programmable controller to rotate, then by timing belt pulley mechanism 15, silk Thick stick 12, nut 17, slide 16 adjust the position of tensioning wheel 18, and each section of machined electrode silk may make to walk thread tension using different, And improve intelligence, accuracy and the timeliness of tension adjustment.

Claims

1. a kind of control device of Wire Electrode WEDM, wire storage cylinder, several mistakes including rack, in rack It crosses guide wheel, the upper block on upper and lower head and lower tumbler, be around in wire storage cylinder, on transition guide wheel and upper block and lower tumbler Wire electrode, tension adjusting device, wire storage cylinder sliding is set in linear guide and is connected with main shaft, and one end of main shaft passes through connection Axis device is connected with servo motor A, and the other end is connected by driving gear pair with drive lead screw, and drive lead screw is matched with fixed nut It closes, it is characterised in that be equipped with angular encoder in the end of drive lead screw；Between upper head and wire storage cylinder and lower head and storage It is respectively equipped with shaft type tension sensor in rack between silk cylinder, tension is equipped with by bearing on each shaft type tension sensor Detection wheel, the wire electrode are also around in two tension detection wheels and form cornerite；Servo motor A, angular encoder, shaft type tension Sensor is connected with programmable controller.

2. the control device of Wire Electrode WEDM as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the tension tune Engagement positions include the two parallel guide posts and a lead screw in rack, and lead screw is parallel with two guide posts, and servo motor B passes through with lead screw The connection of timing belt pulley mechanism, a slide and nut are connected and slide loaded on two guide posts, and nut is coupled on screw rod by screw thread, Slide is equipped with tensioning wheel, and wire electrode is also around on tensioning wheel；Servo motor B is connected with programmable controller.

3. such as the control device of claim 1 or the Wire Electrode WEDM, it is characterised in that programmable control Device processed is connected with warning device, and buzzer or combined aural and visual alarm can be used in warning device.

4. the wire-walking method of the Wire Electrode WEDM for control device as described in claim 1, feature exist In including: A) by the setting of programmable controller and angular encoder by the part that wire electrode is used to process be divided into two sections with On；One tension preset value T is inputted into programmable controller, T is slightly less than the tensile strength of wire electrode；B) each section of machined electrode silk according to Secondary use, when every section of machined electrode silk use, pass through programmable controller and angular encoder control servo motor driving steel wire storage Cylinder does repetition and alternately back and forth processes wire and buffering wire, every time reciprocal processing wire: wire storage cylinder is positive by preset angle Or rotate backward, it realizes the wire processing of preset length wire electrode, that is, determines that segment length, high-frequency electrical pulses during this are processed in wire It discharges in source；Buffering wire every time: after previous reciprocal processing wire, wire storage cylinder continuation rotates in same direction, real The buffering wire of existing preset length wire electrode, high frequency pulse power supply stops electric discharge during this；Each section of machined electrode silk is using different Walk thread tension, every section of machined electrode silk is in wire by the tension and feedback of two-axis tension sensor real-time detection wire electrode To programmable controller；C) every section of machined electrode silk is in wire such as any one shaft type tension sensor detecting electrode silk Tension reaches tension preset value T, then programmable controller stops driving wire storage cylinder rotation, then wire storage cylinder opposite direction is driven to rotate one Predetermined angle that is, with opposite direction wire a distance, and buffers using this as this section of machined electrode silk the terminal of wire next time, And pass through angular encoder by default so that doing repetition in this section of machined electrode silk again alternately back and forth processes wire and buffering The wire electrode overall length of wire is derived from the former wire processing sections of this section of machined electrode silk；D step B and C) is repeated to continue to add Work.

5. the wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that tension preset value T For the 80-90% of wire electrode tensile strength.

6. the wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step B) In, the position of servo motor B rotation, adjustment tensioning wheel is controlled by programmable controller, so that each section of machined electrode silk uses Different walks thread tension.

7. the wire-walking method of Wire Electrode WEDM as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that when any When the tension of a shaft type tension sensor detecting electrode silk reaches tension preset value T, programmable controller is defeated by warning device Warning information out.