CN109332218B - Self-discharge detection and matching process of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Self-discharge detection and matching process of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-discharge detection and matching process of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: forming the lithium battery which is injected with the electrolyte and is subjected to activation treatment, stopping charging until the voltage is V1, and recording the battery capacity C1 after formation; aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the aging time is 3-7 days; reversely charging the high-temperature aged battery until the charging voltage is V2, recording the battery capacitance C2, calculating the ratio K of C2 to C1, selecting the battery with larger self-discharge through the K value, grading the rest batteries, and grading the batteries with the K between 0 and R into N grades according to the K value; and (5) discharging the batteries after grading according to the gears. The battery with larger self-discharge can be quickly and effectively selected, the battery is divided into different grades while detection is carried out, and the grading process of the module group section is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to screening and matching of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a self-discharge detection and matching process of lithium ion batteries.
Background
Lithium batteries are increasingly widely used in products such as mobile phones and electric tools. Because the voltage and the capacity of the lithium battery are low, when the lithium battery is applied to a tool, a plurality of lithium batteries are connected in series to meet the use requirement of the tool. This requires that the uniformity of these series connected cells be high.
In the lithium battery production process, two methods are currently used for screening batteries: 1. the battery is charged to a half-electric state and is selected after being stored for a period of time, namely the selection is performed in a voltage flat interval, but the voltage and the capacity of the battery are not obviously changed in the interval, the selection is difficult, and the required storage time is long; 2. the method has the advantages that the storage time is short, and the flow time can be shortened, but the method has higher requirement on the processing consistency of products, and a part of batteries cannot judge self-discharge through rebound voltage due to inconsistent polarization states in the discharge process of the batteries.
Patent 2018100737887 discloses a self-discharge detection method for lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide batteries, which includes the steps of firstly, carrying out charge and discharge pretreatment on the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide batteries after capacity grading, then, standing for a period of time in different temperature environments, testing open-circuit voltages V1 and V2, calculating the value of W (V1-V2), and judging and selecting batteries with larger self-discharge through the value of W.
Patent 2017111901166 discloses a battery self-discharge detection method and a lithium battery sorting method, in which a battery to be tested is discharged to 0% of charge state to form a first empty-charge battery; placing the first empty-charge battery for a first preset time period at a first preset temperature to form a second empty-charge battery, and obtaining a first voltage; placing the second empty-charge battery at a second preset temperature for a second preset time period to form a third empty-charge battery to obtain a second voltage; the self-discharge rate of the battery to be measured is calculated according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the second preset time period, the measuring steps are simple, the measuring cost is low, but the required selecting time is too long after two times of shelving.
Patent 201110388882X discloses a self-discharge detection method for lithium iron phosphate batteries, which comprises charging a battery, placing the battery in a uniform magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.01-1.3T, accelerating the self-discharge of the battery by using the action of the strong magnetic field on the lithium iron phosphate battery, taking out the battery from the strong magnetic field after placing for 1-15 days, testing the self-discharge rate of the placed battery after demagnetization, and selecting the battery with abnormal self-discharge property according to the actually measured self-discharge rate data, but the required detection time is too long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a battery sorting device which can select batteries with large self-discharge in a short time, avoid the inconsistency of the whole set of batteries caused by grouping the batteries with large self-discharge into a battery pack, further prolong the service life of the battery pack, sort the batteries while selecting the self-discharge and save the sorting process of a grouping section.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-discharge detection and matching process of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
(1) forming the lithium battery which is injected with the electrolyte and is subjected to activation treatment, stopping charging until the voltage is V1, and recording the battery capacity C1 after formation;
(2) aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the aging time is 3-7 days;
(3) reversely charging the high-temperature aged battery until the charging voltage is V2, recording the battery capacitance C2, calculating the ratio K of C2/C1, selecting the battery with larger self-discharge through the K value and grading the rest batteries, wherein the battery with the K value larger than or equal to R is the battery with large self-discharge, namely the unqualified battery, and the battery with the K value between 0 and R is divided into N grades according to the K value;
(4) and (5) discharging the batteries after grading according to the gears.
Preferably, R is 4% -10%.
Preferably, N is greater than or equal to 2.
Preferably, the charging cutoff voltage of V1 and the charging cutoff voltage of V2 are both equal to the charging cutoff voltage of the battery when actually used.
Preferably, the formation process is as follows: charging for 300min at 0.02C, and then charging to the charge cut-off voltage of the battery at a constant current of 0.05C when the battery is actually used; the reverse charging process of the step (3) comprises the following steps: the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.3C until the charging voltage is cut off when the battery is actually used, and the current is cut off when the current reaches 0.05C.
Preferably, the charge cutoff voltage is V1 and the charge cutoff voltage is V2 which is 90% -99% of the charge cutoff voltage when the battery is actually used.
Preferably, the ambient temperature of the formation process and the reverse charging process is the same and is 20-40 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: batteries with larger self-discharge can be quickly and effectively selected, and the problem that the performance of the whole set of power supply circuit is often reduced and unstable when the batteries with larger self-discharge and normal batteries are connected in series for circuit power supply is avoided; the battery can be divided into different grades while detection is carried out, the grading process of a module group assembly section is saved, and the battery performance of the same grade is close to that of the battery, so that the service life of the battery pack is longer, and the performance is more stable; the detection period is short, the method is simple and easy to implement, the production operation is convenient, and the production efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to comparative examples and specific examples. It should be understood that the description of the specific embodiments is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (from patent 2017111901166)
Discharging the battery to be tested to 0% of charge state to form a first empty charge battery; placing the first empty-charge battery for a first preset time period at a first preset temperature to form a second empty-charge battery, and measuring the second empty-charge battery to obtain a first voltage; placing the second empty-charge battery at a second preset temperature for a second preset time period to form a third empty-charge battery, and measuring the third empty-charge battery to obtain a second voltage; and calculating the self-discharge rate of the battery to be tested according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the second preset time period.
Example 1
(1) Forming the lithium battery which is injected with the electrolyte and is subjected to activation treatment, stopping charging until the voltage is V1, and recording the battery capacity C1 after formation;
(2) aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the aging time is 3-7 days;
(3) reversely charging the high-temperature aged battery until the charging voltage is V2, recording the battery capacitance C2, calculating the ratio K of C2/C1, selecting the battery with larger self-discharge through the K value and grading the rest batteries, wherein the battery with the K value larger than or equal to R is the battery with large self-discharge, namely the unqualified battery, and the battery with the K value between 0 and R is divided into N grades according to the K value;
(4) and (5) discharging the batteries after grading according to the gears.
Wherein R is 4-10%.
Wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
Wherein the charging cut-off voltage in the step (1) is V1 and the charging cut-off voltage in the step (3) is V2 which are both equal to the charging cut-off voltage when the battery is actually used.
The formation process of the step (1) comprises the following steps: charging for 300min at 0.02C, and then charging to the charge cut-off voltage of the battery at a constant current of 0.05C when the battery is actually used; the reverse charging process of the step (3) comprises the following steps: the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.3C until the charging voltage is cut off when the battery is actually used, and the current is cut off when the current reaches 0.05C.
Wherein the environmental temperature of the step (1) and the step (3) is the same and is 20-40 ℃.
Comparing comparative example 1 with example 1, it can be seen that the invention can shorten the self-discharge detection time without two shelving, and the measurement result is more reliable, practical and efficient, the test is accurate and effective, the product quality is greatly improved, the consistency of the whole battery pack is prevented from being influenced by the self-discharge large battery, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Comparative example 2 (from patent 2018100737887)
(1) Carrying out charging and discharging pretreatment on the ternary lithium ion battery;
(2) standing the pretreated ternary lithium ion battery in a first set temperature environment for a period of time to eliminate battery polarization, and testing and recording an open-circuit voltage V1, wherein the period of time is called as a stabilization time;
(3) standing the ternary lithium ion battery in a second set temperature environment for a period of time, testing and recording the open-circuit voltage V2, wherein the period of time is called self-discharge time;
(4) and calculating the difference W between V1 and V2, comparing the W value with a set value, and judging to select the battery with large self-discharge.
The first set temperature of the ternary lithium ion battery in standing is 25 +/-5 ℃ at normal temperature, and the second set temperature is
The temperature is 55 +/-5 ℃, the stabilization time is 11-25 hours, the self-discharge time is 45-125 hours, the standing time in the step (1) is 50min, the standing time in the step (2) is 40min, and the standing time in the step (3) is 50 min.
Example 2
(1) Forming the lithium iron phosphate battery with the rated capacity of 55AH and subjected to electrolyte injection and activation treatment, firstly charging for 300min at 0.02C, then charging to 3.65V at a constant current of 0.05C, and recording the charging capacity as C1;
(2) aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 60 ℃, and the aging time is 4 days;
(3) carrying out reverse charging on the high-temperature aged battery, carrying out constant-current and constant-voltage charging at 0.3C to 3.65V, stopping current when the current reaches 0.05C, recording the charging capacity as C2, calculating the ratio K of C2/C1, wherein the batteries with the K being more than or equal to 5 percent are large self-discharge batteries, namely unqualified batteries, and dividing the batteries with the K being 0-5 percent into 5 grades according to the K value;
0-1% is grade A;
1% -2% of the gear B;
2% -3% of the C gear;
3% -4% of the D gear;
4% -5% of the E grade;
(4) and (5) discharging the batteries after grading according to the gears.
Comparing the comparative example 2 with the example 2, it can be seen that the process of the invention is less, the result can be detected by the battery after formation, aging and reverse charging operation, the operation is simple, the self-discharge detection time can be shortened, the measurement result is more reliable, the invention is practical and efficient, the test is accurate and effective, the product quality is greatly improved, the consistency of the whole battery pack is prevented from being influenced by the self-discharge large battery, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Comparative example 3 (from patent 201110388882X)
Firstly, carrying out one-time discharging and recharging process on a battery to be tested, and recording the charging capacity Ci of the battery; then the battery is placed by self-discharging in a uniform magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 0.01-1.3T, then the battery is taken out, and is recharged after demagnetization, and the charging capacity Cs of the battery is recorded; finally calculating R = (Cs/Ci) x 100%,
according to the actual situation, the battery with the R value of more than or equal to 2.5-5 percent is set as the unqualified battery. The self-discharging environment temperature of the battery is 45-55 ℃ and the time is 1-15 days.
Example 3
(1) Forming the lithium battery which is injected with the electrolyte and is subjected to activation treatment, stopping charging until the voltage is V1, and recording the battery capacity C1 after formation;
(2) aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the aging time is 3-7 days;
(3) reversely charging the high-temperature aged battery until the charging voltage is V2, recording the battery capacitance C2, calculating the ratio K of C2/C1, selecting the battery with larger self-discharge through the K value and grading the rest batteries, wherein the battery with the K value larger than or equal to R is the battery with large self-discharge, namely the unqualified battery, and the battery with the K value between 0 and R is divided into N grades according to the K value;
(4) and (5) discharging the batteries after grading according to the gears.
Wherein R is 4-10%.
Wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
Wherein the charging cut-off voltage in the step (1) is V1 and the charging cut-off voltage in the step (3) is V2 which are both equal to the charging cut-off voltage when the battery is actually used.
The formation process of the step (1) comprises the following steps: charging for 300min at 0.02C, and then charging to the charge cut-off voltage of the battery at a constant current of 0.05C when the battery is actually used; the reverse charging process of the step (3) comprises the following steps: the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.3C until the charging voltage is cut off when the battery is actually used, and the current is cut off when the current reaches 0.05C.
Wherein the environmental temperature of the step (1) and the step (3) is the same and is 20-40 ℃.
Comparing the comparative example 3 with the example 3, it can be seen that by adopting the process method of the invention, the result can be detected by the battery through formation, aging and reverse charging operations, the operation is simple, the battery does not need to be placed in a magnetic field for self-discharging, the battery does not need to be placed for 1-15 days, only the battery needs to be aged for 3-7 days at high temperature, the self-discharging detection time can be shortened, the measurement result is more reliable, the process method is practical and efficient, the test is accurate and effective, the product quality is greatly improved, the consistency of the whole battery pack is prevented from being influenced by the self-discharging large battery, and the service life of.
Since variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure and teachings of the above description, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications based on the present invention by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A self-discharge detection and matching process of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) forming the lithium battery which is injected with the electrolyte and is subjected to activation treatment, stopping charging until the voltage is V1, and recording the battery capacity C1 after formation;
(2) aging the formed battery at high temperature, wherein the aging temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the aging time is 3-7 days;
(3) charging the high-temperature aged battery until the charging voltage is V2, recording the battery capacity C2, calculating the ratio K of C2/C1, selecting the battery with larger self-discharge through the K value and grading the rest batteries, wherein the battery with the K value larger than or equal to R is the battery with large self-discharge, namely the unqualified battery, and the battery with the K value between 0 and R is divided into N grades according to the K value; r is 4-10%, and N is more than or equal to 2;
(4) the batteries after grading are delivered out of the warehouse according to the gears;
the formation process of the step (1) comprises the following steps: charging for 300min at 0.02C, and then charging to the charge cut-off voltage of the battery at a constant current of 0.05C when the battery is actually used;
the charging process of the step (3) comprises the following steps: charging at constant current and constant voltage of 0.3C until the charging voltage is cut off when the battery is actually used, and cutting off the current when the current is 0.05C;
the environmental temperature of the step (1) and the step (3) is the same and is 20-40 ℃;
the charging cut-off voltage in the step (1) is V1, and the charging cut-off voltage in the step (3) is V2, which are both equal to the charging cut-off voltage when the battery is actually used.
2. The lithium ion battery self-discharge detection and grouping process according to claim 1, wherein the charge cut-off voltage in step (1) is V1 and the charge cut-off voltage in step (3) is V2, which is 90-99% of the charge cut-off voltage when the battery is actually used.
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CN111136033A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | 山东精工电源科技有限公司 | Screening method for consistency of lithium ion batteries |
CN112354897B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-04-12 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Screening method for cell consistency in practical application process of lithium ion battery |
CN112114266A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-22 | 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 | Method for realizing battery screening and grouping in one step |
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Denomination of invention: A self discharge detection and matching process for lithium-ion batteries Effective date of registration: 20231124 Granted publication date: 20210615 Pledgee: Jiangxi Guangxin Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: JIANGXI ANC NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980067648 |
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