CN109326846A - The application of battery module and this battery module - Google Patents

The application of battery module and this battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109326846A
CN109326846A CN201810859599.2A CN201810859599A CN109326846A CN 109326846 A CN109326846 A CN 109326846A CN 201810859599 A CN201810859599 A CN 201810859599A CN 109326846 A CN109326846 A CN 109326846A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
plastics
battery module
battery
battery cell
coldplate
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Granted
Application number
CN201810859599.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109326846B (en
Inventor
T·克勒
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN109326846A publication Critical patent/CN109326846A/en
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Publication of CN109326846B publication Critical patent/CN109326846B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554Rods or plates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of battery modules, the battery module includes: at least one battery cell (2), especially Li-ion batteries piles battery, hot linked coldplate (3) are led with at least one described battery cell (2), wherein, it there also is provided the thermal balance layer (4) for being configured to improve the capacity of heat transmission between at least one battery cell (2) and the coldplate (3) between at least one described battery cell (2) and the coldplate (3), wherein, the thermal balance layer (4) is constructed by basic material (5) and further includes at least one plastics (6), at least one plastics have the fusion temperature higher than 50 DEG C of temperature.

Description

The application of battery module and this battery module
Technical field
The present invention is from the battery module of the type according to independent claims.In addition, the present invention also relates to institute State the application of battery module.
Background technique
It is known from the state of the art, battery module can be made of multiple single battery cells, the battery Group battery can be connected in series and/or in parallel mutual conductive connection.
Especially in the vehicle of electricity operation (EV), hybrid vehicle (HEV) or plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) In the case of, using including plentiful and the strong Li-ion batteries piles battery of power or lithium polymer battery group battery the battery of energy Group module, wherein the battery module preferably has about 100 battery cells, so as to meet be enhanced to row Sail the expection of power.
Based on chemical conversion process, Li-ion batteries piles battery or lithium polymer battery group battery are especially being discharged and are being absorbed Heating when electric flux, thus in order to run battery cell high-power in this way in preferred temperature range, it is also known that, Battery module may include thermoregulating system, and the thermoregulating system should especially cause, and the battery cell is without departing from predetermined Temperature.
It should be noted here that the preferred temperature range of Li-ion batteries piles battery is substantially between 5 DEG C and 35 DEG C.In addition, Service life continues to decline from substantially 40 DEG C of running temperature, should be by temperature adjustment system thus in order to meet the requirement to enough service life Battery cell is maintained in the state of thermally not critical (the thermisch unkritisch) under lower than 40 DEG C by system. In addition, the temperature gradient between different battery cells should not also exceed 5K.
In this regard, by for example known thermoregulating system using the fluid for flowing through coldplate of the prior art, wherein the fluid is all Water/ethylene glycol mixture in this way.
In addition, being known from the state of the art, heat is arranged between such coldplate and the battery cell of battery module Equalizing layer (thermische Ausgleichsschicht), the thermal balance layer are expressed as " Thermal in English Interface Material (thermal interfacial material) " (TIM).
If battery cell exceeds the temperature of predetermined security critical on the contrary, this, which may cause, is referred to as (Durchgehen) out of control of the battery cell of " thermal runaway (thermal runaway) " and cause possible related to this Extension, also referred to as " Propagation (propagation) ", this leads to huge security risks.
Summary of the invention
The battery module of feature with independent claims is provided the advantage that can be in electricity by reliable way It is provided during the thermal runaway of pond group battery and propagates protection (Propagationsschutz).
In this regard, providing a kind of battery module, the battery module includes at least one battery cell and coldplate.
Battery cell especially Li-ion batteries piles battery herein.
In addition, coldplate is connect with heat conduction at least one battery cell.
Here, there also is provided thermal balance layer, the heat between at least one described battery cell and the coldplate Equalizing layer is configured to improve the capacity of heat transmission between at least one described battery cell and the coldplate.
Here, thermal balance layer is constructed by basic material (Grundmaterial) and further includes at least one plastics.
At least one plastics have the fusion temperature on 50 DEG C of temperature herein.
Preferably, at least one plastics have the fusion temperature on 65 DEG C of temperature herein.
At least one plastics especially have the fusion temperature on 80 DEG C of temperature.
By the measure enumerated in the dependent claims, the advantageous extension of the equipment illustrated in the independent claim Scheme and improvement project are possible.
Especially when having the battery cell on 80 DEG C of temperature, the heat of corresponding battery cell is referred to It is out of control.Here, increasing sharply for battery temperature may for example occur due to internal short-circuit, thus other heat release may be made anti- It should accelerate and corresponding battery cell thus may finally even be made to explode.
Therefore, it propagates protection to be on the one hand interpreted as here: preventing the electricity beyond determining, security critical temperature The further heating of pond group battery.Therefore, battery cell can be transformed into again in acritical state and prevents electricity Pond group battery it is out of control.
The direct or indirect of the battery cell as caused by the battery cell of the state with security critical adds Heat is referred to as heat propagation and equally has high, the relevant risk of safety.
Therefore, it propagates protection to be on the other hand interpreted as here: prevent and had exceeded determining security critical Temperature battery cell be disposed adjacently battery cell heating.
Using the embodiment according to the present invention of battery module, herein it is possible that at least one battery pack electricity In the case where the thermal runaway of pond, interrupted through (hindurch) by thermal balance layer at least one described battery cell and cold But the cooling for especially being used at least one battery cell between plate and also optimised thermally conductive pathways, it is possible thereby to Therefore the further heat transfer via coldplate is prevented.Therefore it is possible that providing the heat with integrated propagation protection element Equalizing layer.
At least one plastics can be selected at this from the group of thermoplastic.Especially, at least one modeling Material can be configured to ionomer (Ionomer) herein, and the ionomer is by ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer (Ethylen-- Copolymeren) it constructs and for example may include sodium or zinc ion.
Here, this plastics can be for example with about 70 DEG C, 84 DEG C of fusion temperature or can also be with according to its construction With 93 DEG C of fusion temperature.Furthermore, it is possible to which at least one plastics are especially selected as the fusing with 100 DEG C herein The polystyrene (Polystyrol) of temperature.
Furthermore, it is possible at least one plastics are especially selected as polyethylene herein, such as with opposite highly -branched (hochverzweigt) polyethylene of polymer chain and relative low density, with 105 DEG C to 125 DEG C of fusion temperature.
Furthermore, it is possible to which at least one plastics are especially selected as the propylene with 110 DEG C of fusion temperature herein Nitrile butadienestyrene copolymer (Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Copolymer).
Advantageously, the basic material of the thermal balance layer is constructed by electrically insulating material.Thus it is possible that at least One constructs the electric insulation part (elektrische Isolation) of restriction between battery cell and coldplate.
In addition, the basic material of thermal balance layer can select as follows, so that additionally can also be at least one The enough capacity of heat transmission is constructed between battery cell and coldplate.
Meet purpose, the basic material of the thermal balance layer is flexibly and/or plastically deformable.Thus may be used Can, such as compensated in terms of at least one battery cell is relative to the arrangement of coldplate during battery module operation Inhomogeneities.
An advantageous aspect according to the present invention, at least one plastics have the basic material than the thermal balance layer Smaller heat-conductive characteristic.
This has the advantage of, in the case where exceeding the fusion temperature of at least one plastics, at least one Plastic molting and preferably also expand (expandieren), thus within the thermal balance layer or also above or Under can by least one constructed in plastic material at least one with the basic material the in comparison layer of poor heat conductivity, wherein institute Under the temperature for stating the security critical that fusion temperature is preferably at least one battery cell.
Advantageously, at least one plastics are arranged within the basic material.
Be achieved in: within basic material, as already mention as, exceed security critical temperature conditions Under, the layer of at least one poor heat conductivity is constructed by least one plastics.
Advantageously, at least one plastics be disposed at least one described battery cell and basic material it Between;And/or at least one plastics are disposed between the coldplate and basic material.Thus it is possible that described Between at least one battery cell and basic material or between at least one described battery cell and coldplate, such as As described in, it is led under the temperature conditions beyond security critical by least one plastics to construct at least one The layer of heat differential.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment, at least one plastics are configured to particle, layer or sphere herein (Kugel).It is possible thereby to provide different embodiments.
One according to the present invention meets the aspect of purpose, and at least one plastics are constructed in the following manner, so that institute State at least one plastics on the fusion temperature have first shape (erste Form) and the fusion temperature it There is the second shape (zweite Form) down.Here, the volume of the especially described first shape is the volume of second shape At least twice it is big.Thus, it is possible to the case where exceeding the temperature of security critical of at least one battery cell Under, it reliably provides and propagates protection.
Especially, at least one plastics have fusion temperature more smaller than the basic material of the equalizing layer.Thus The reliable and mechanically stable construction of thermal balance layer can be provided.
Here, on the whole it shall yet further be noted that not only can be provided at least one by battery module according to the present invention The enough capacity of heat transmission between a battery cell and coldplate, and reliable propagate can be provided and protected.Furthermore it should infuse Meaning, after at least one described battery cell thermal runaway and after at least one plastic molting, the thermal balance Layer original-shape no longer exist because by fusing, the institutional framework (Gef ü ge) of thermal balance layer in an irreversible fashion by Change.
In addition, the present invention also relates to the application of battery module according to the present invention, be used to preventing heat from it is described to A few battery cell is transferred on the coldplate, especially beyond pacifying at least one described battery cell In the case where the temperature of full property key.
Battery module according to the present invention can be not only used in electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle and plug-in mixing Power car and battery pack in mobile amusement equipment and communication equipment and can apply fixed memory (Speicher it) neutralizes in the memory for goals of medicine, such as intracorporal battery pack.
Detailed description of the invention
It is shown in the accompanying drawings and elaborates the embodiment of the present invention in the following description.Wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the embodiment of the battery module according to the present invention at least one plastics.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows a kind of embodiment of battery module 1.
Battery module 1 includes at least one battery cell 2, at least one described battery cell especially lithium herein Ion battery cell.
In addition, battery module 1 includes coldplate 3.Here, coldplate 3 and at least one thermally conductive company of battery cell 2 It connects.
In order to improve the capacity of heat transmission between at least one described battery cell 2 and the coldplate 3, here, Thermal balance layer 4 is arranged between at least one described battery cell 2 and the coldplate 3.
Here, thermal balance layer 4 is constructed by basic material 5.The basic material 5 of thermal balance layer 4 is herein preferably by being electrically insulated Material 7 constructs.For example, basic material can be constructed by silicone or epoxides and can additionally include that thermally conductive can fill out Material (F ü llstoff) is filled, for improving the capacity of heat transmission.
In addition, the basic material 5 of the thermal balance layer 4 is preferably constructed in a manner of elastically and/or plastically deformable.
In addition, at least one described thermal balance layer 4 includes plastics 6.Plastics 6 have molten on 50 DEG C of temperature herein Change temperature.Plastics 6 preferably have the fusion temperature on 65 DEG C of temperature herein.Plastics 6 especially have at 80 DEG C herein Fusion temperature on temperature.
The especially described plastics 6 have following fusion temperature herein, and the fusion temperature is less than the base of the thermal balance layer 4 The fusion temperature of plinth material 5.
Here, plastics 6 can not limit as spherical particle or can also be used as example as shown in Figure 1 Fixed particle is also arranged as layer.
Plastics 6 so construct herein, so that having first shape in the case that the plastics are on the fusion temperature 61 and there is the second shape 62 in the case where under inversion temperature.
Here, the diagram on the right side of Fig. 1 shows the following state of plastics 6: in this state, plastics form first shape 61, and the diagram on the left side of Fig. 1 shows the following state of plastics 6: and in this state, plastics form the second shape 62.
It should especially find out compared with the diagram on the left side of Fig. 1 from the diagram on the right side of Fig. 1, the volume of first shape 61 is At least twice of the volume of second shape 62 is big.
Therefore, the diagram on the left side especially shows following state: in this state, temperature be in plastics 6 fusion temperature it Under, and the diagram on the right side shows following state: in this state, temperature is on the fusion temperature of plastics 6.
Here, Fig. 1 shows a kind of embodiment of battery module 1, wherein plastics 6 are disposed in the base of thermal balance layer 4 Within plinth material 5.
Obviously herein it is also possible that plastics 6 are disposed at least one described battery cell 2 and the thermal balance layer Between 4 basic material 5.Furthermore, it is to be understood that it is also possible that plastics 6 are disposed in the coldplate 3 and the thermal balance layer 4 Basic material 5 between.
In addition, should find out from the diagram on the left side of Fig. 1 and the diagram on the right side, in the fusion temperature and modeling for exceeding plastics 6 Forming layer 8 in the case that material 6 is arranged with the second shape 62, the layer 8 are used at least one described battery cell 2 and cooling Heat rejection (thermischen between plate 3)。

Claims (10)

1. a kind of battery module, the battery module include:
At least one battery cell (2), especially Li-ion batteries piles battery, and
Hot linked coldplate (3) are led at least one described battery cell (2), wherein at least one described battery pack It there also is provided between battery (2) and the coldplate (3) thermal balance layer (4), the thermal balance layer is configured to improve in institute The capacity of heat transmission between at least one battery cell (2) and the coldplate (3) is stated,
It is characterized in that,
The thermal balance layer (4) is constructed by basic material (5) and further includes at least one plastics (6), at least one modeling Expect that there is fusion temperature on 50 DEG C of temperature, it is therefore preferred to have fusion temperature on 65 DEG C and especially have Fusion temperature on 80 DEG C.
2. according to battery module described in preceding claims 1, which is characterized in that the basis of the thermal balance layer (4) Material (5) is constructed by electrically insulating material (7).
3. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the institute of the thermal balance layer (4) It is deformable in a manner of elastically and/or plastically for stating basic material (5).
4. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that at least one plastics tool There is the capacity of heat transmission more lower than the basic material of the thermal balance layer.
5. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that at least one plastics (6) It is disposed within the basic material (5).
6. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that at least one plastics (6) It is disposed between at least one battery cell (2) and the basic material (5);And/or at least one plastics (6) it is disposed between the coldplate (3) and the basic material (2).
7. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that at least one plastics (6) It is configured to particle, layer or sphere.
8. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that at least one plastics (6) It constructs as follows, so that at least one plastics (6) have first shape (61) simultaneously on the fusion temperature And there are the second shape (62) under the fusion temperature, wherein the volume of the especially described first shape (61) is at least institute Twice for stating the volume of the second shape (62) is big.
9. the battery module according to one of preceding claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that at least one plastics (6) With the lower fusion temperature of the basic material (5) than the thermal balance layer (4).
10. the application to battery module described in one of 9 as follows according to claim 1, so that preventing heat from institute At least one battery cell (2) is stated to be transferred on the coldplate (3).
CN201810859599.2A 2017-08-01 2018-07-31 Battery module and use of such a battery module Active CN109326846B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017213250.7 2017-08-01
DE102017213250.7A DE102017213250A1 (en) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Battery module and use of such a battery module

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Families Citing this family (3)

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DE102018213546A1 (en) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-13 Audi Ag High-voltage battery for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle
DE102020102206A1 (en) 2020-01-30 2021-08-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Electrical energy storage device with a multilayer wall with a heating device and a propagation protection element
DE102020109872B3 (en) 2020-04-08 2021-03-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Electrical energy store for a motor vehicle and a method for operating such an electrical energy store

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US8587945B1 (en) * 2012-07-27 2013-11-19 Outlast Technologies Llc Systems structures and materials for electronic device cooling
CN104934654A (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-23 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Battery pack with a plurality of battery modules
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