CN109324269A - Distributed measurement-based single-phase disconnection fault identification method in distribution network - Google Patents

Distributed measurement-based single-phase disconnection fault identification method in distribution network Download PDF

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CN109324269A
CN109324269A CN201811545634.XA CN201811545634A CN109324269A CN 109324269 A CN109324269 A CN 109324269A CN 201811545634 A CN201811545634 A CN 201811545634A CN 109324269 A CN109324269 A CN 109324269A
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phase
fault
voltage
distribution network
distributed measurement
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CN109324269B (en
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邵志敏
王峰
李建修
刘洋
苏国强
刘合金
苏建军
孙勇
赵辰宇
董啸
李立生
张林利
张世栋
李沐
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088Aspects of digital computing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement, recognizes single-phase wire break failure based on the relationship between load side voltage three-phase phase.This method comprises: step S1: using Wide Area Measurement System, keep monitoring on-line to power distribution network;Step S2: detecting when breaking down, and whether Judging fault is otherwise singlephase earth fault or single-phase wire break failure if it is, entering step S3 terminate fault identification;Step S3: using the distributed measurement device in Wide Area Measurement System, three-phase voltage data of the fault point far from bus one end of synchronous acquisition failure t moment, and collected three-phase voltage data is stored;Step S4: utilizing stored three-phase voltage data, calculates angle value θ of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase not broken down in three-phase between the voltage vector of failure phase;Whether and step S5: being single-phase wire break failure based on angle value θ identification of defective.

Description

Power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement
Technical field
The present invention relates to distribution network line fault discrimination methods, and in particular to a kind of power distribution network list based on distributed measurement Phase disconnection fault discrimination method.
Background technique
Power distribution network is connected directly with user, is the important component of electric system, the electricity consumption of operating status and user Quality and personal safety are directly related.After power distribution network single-phase disconnection failure occurs, fault down stream load-side three-phase voltage occurs bright Aobvious energy imbalance leads to the three-phases power-equipment phase-deficient operation such as motor, finally burns because of fever, cause serious warp Ji loss.While ground fault is often accompanied by when the generation of single-phase wire break failure, in this complex grounding fault with interruption and power distribution network Common singlephase earth fault is different, it is most likely that leads to the safety accidents such as people and animals get an electric shock, mountain forest is caught fire, has very high danger Property, grave danger is caused safely to the people's lives and property.
Although utilizing the voltage of single-phase wire break failure, electric current spy currently, being absorbed in power distribution network there are many scholar Sign carries out fault identification, if Shandong University scholar is under study for action to the three-phase of the single-phase wire break failure under three kinds of different Groundings Sequence voltage, sequence electric current have carried out more detailed analysis, propose using positive and negative sequence electric current and its variable quantity as single-phase wire break event Hinder the criterion of identification, but deficiency is considered to the Standard resistance range of ground connection transition resistance, practical identification effect is undesirable.
China in a manner of small current neutral grounding based on power distribution network in, since single-phase wire break failure and singlephase earth fault exist The electric characteristic of source side is quite similar, is difficult to carry out fault identification with traditional centralized measuring device, power distribution network is single-phase Disconnection fault may continue to remain operational a few hours after occurring, and seriously threaten the safe and reliable operation of power distribution network.Although single-phase disconnected Line failure and singlephase earth fault have the source side electric characteristic for being difficult to differentiate, but both failures but have in load-side Different voltage characteristics.According to this feature, for the fault message for obtaining load fault side, based on Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS, Wide Area Measurement System) distributed measurement is carried out to power distribution network, and fault identification is carried out on this basis.
WAMS provides accurate markers by global positioning system (GPS), obtain high sampling rate, high-precision electric current, voltage with And frequency signal, it is obtained with phasor, the characteristic of synchronous acquisition and generating date, can be widely used for the whole network operational monitoring Control, locality protection control, the every field such as fault diagnosis and pollution sources positioning.
WAMS uses synchronous phase angle measuring technique, and phasor measurement unit (PMU) is arranged in the crucial monitoring point of power grid, real Now to the synchronous acquisition of the whole network phasor.PMU is by the synchronous clock synchronization of GPS technology, and target information is sent to master station when will have, Dispatcher monitors the operating status of power grid in real time according to synchronizing information.WAMS system is widely used in POWER SYSTEM STATE and estimates Meter, power grid transient state and the multiple high grades operation such as stable state control, relay protection and automation control, fault diagnosis and fault location divide Among analysis.Before and after foreign countries start from nineteen ninety for the research of WAMS, the country such as the U.S., Spain is successively for WAMS system Synchronous measure, field application etc. are studied;China starts from 2000 for WAMS systematic research, Research Emphasis Pay close attention to the design and use of phasor measurement unit.
On the basis of WAMS, detection point can be carried out to fault down stream load side voltage by distributed measurement device Analysis, and fault identification is carried out to single-phase wire break failure on this basis, to solve single-phase wire break fault identification in current power distribution network Difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly discloses a kind of to be synchronized using three-phase voltage of the Wide Area Measurement System to fault down stream load-side Measurement, and calculating analysis is carried out to the phase relation of load-side three-phase voltage, it has obtained a kind of based on three-phase voltage vector angle The single-phase wire break fault identification method of relationship.
A kind of power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement provided by the present invention, feature exist In: the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement is based between load side voltage three-phase phase Relationship recognizes single-phase wire break failure.
Preferably, the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement includes:
Step S1: using Wide Area Measurement System, keeps monitoring on-line to power distribution network;
Step S2: detect whether Judging fault is in singlephase earth fault or single-phase wire break failure when breaking down It is any, if it is, otherwise terminating fault identification into following step S3;
Step S3: using the distributed measurement device in Wide Area Measurement System, the fault point of synchronous acquisition failure t moment is remote Three-phase voltage data from bus one end, and collected three-phase voltage data is stored;
Step S4: utilizing stored three-phase voltage data, calculates the voltage vector for the two-phase not broken down in three-phase The sum of angle value θ between the voltage vector of failure phase;And
Step S5: recognize whether the failure is single-phase wire break failure based on angle value θ.
Preferably, in step s 2, when detecting that failure occurs, the collected electricity of the Wide Area Measurement System is utilized Pressure, current data, according to D type traveling wave localization method to failure carry out section positioning, then using symmetrical component method obtain positive sequence, Negative phase-sequence, residual voltage and/or current data, and according to the boundary condition Judging fault of singlephase earth fault and single-phase wire break failure It whether is singlephase earth fault or single-phase wire break failure.
Preferably, in step s 2, the singlephase earth fault and the boundary condition of single-phase wire break failure are: zero after failure Sequence electric current is not zero, and forward-order current and negative-sequence current are respectively less than the electric current before failure after failure.
Preferably, in step s3, pass through distributed measurement device measure simultaneously the voltage of load-side Three-Phase Transformer to Amount.
Preferably, in step s 4, the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase not broken down in three-phase is calculated by following formula Angle value θ between the voltage vector of failure phase:
Wherein, x1For the abscissa of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that does not break down, x2For the voltage vector of failure phase Abscissa, y1For the ordinate of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that does not break down, y2For the vertical seat of the voltage vector of failure phase Mark.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, before failure definition The voltage vector coordinate value of a phase is (0,1) in the two-phase not broken down, and using place straight line as y-axis, and vertical y-axis is made For x-axis, coordinate system is established, and the calculating of following institute's directed quantity is calculated all in accordance with this coordinate system, according to formula UAL=EA+UNOWith UBL=EB+UNOCalculate the coordinate (x of the sum of voltage vector of two-phase not broken down1,y1), wherein UNOIt is system neutral electricity Pressure, UALIt is the voltage vector of a phase in the two-phase not broken down, EAIt is the failure of a phase described in the two-phase that does not break down Preceding system power supply side voltage, UBLIt is the voltage vector of another phase in the two-phase not broken down, EBIt is the two-phase not broken down Described in another phase failure before system power supply side voltage;The voltage vector of failure phase is calculated according to the following formula, and is converted to above-mentioned Coordinate (x in established coordinate system2,y2):
Wherein, UCLIt is the voltage vector of failure phase, R0To be grounded transition resistance, ZKIt is equivalent impedance, UIAAnd UIBIt is respectively Input voltage of two phase lines not broken down to transformer, UICIt is input voltage of the failure phase line to transformer.
Preferably, in step s 4, by assuming that line-to-ground distribution capacity C=4*10-7(F), total conductance YK=2*j ω C, equivalent impedance Zk=500 (Ω), in different R0It is worth (0 < R0< 10000) it under the conditions of, is calculated in the system by following formula (4) Property point voltage UNO:
Wherein, ECIt is system power supply side voltage, Y before the failure of any phase in three-phaseKBe with the total conductance of three-phase system, C is three The line-to-ground distribution capacity of any phase, R in phase0To be grounded transition resistance.
Preferably, in above-mentioned formula (7), for Y-Y type transformer, ZK=2Z, wherein Z is any of three-phase windings Resistance value.
Preferably, in above-mentioned formula (7), for Δ-Y type transformer, ZK=(2/3) Z, wherein Z is appointed in three-phase windings One resistance value.
Preferably, in step s 4, also utilize matlab software to angle value θ with log10(R0) form indicate connect Ground transition resistance R0Situation of change calculated.
Preferably, by 0 < R0Difference R in < 10000 ranges0Angle value θ under the conditions of value is with log10(R0) form expression Ground connection transition resistance R0Situation of change drawn to indicate situation of change.
Preferably, in step s 5, when θ >=threshold θkWhen, it is determined as singlephase earth fault, when θ < threshold θkWhen, then determine For single-phase wire break failure.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, the threshold θk It is 10 °.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, the threshold θk It is 8 °.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, when the angle Value θ is consistently greater than 10 ° and with log10(R0) form indicate ground connection transition resistance R0Increase and when increasing, determine to occur Singlephase earth fault.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, when the angle When value θ is consistently equal to zero, determine that single-phase wire break failure occurs.
Relative to traditional discrimination method, the application is to the power supply under different Groundings, different ground connection transition resistance resistance values Side, load-side equivalent-circuit model have carried out analytical calculation, the fault identification method obtained have preferable identification precision and The wide scope of application proposes a kind of feasible effective new departure to solve power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification problem.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the figure for schematically showing single-phase-to-ground fault equivalent circuit.
Fig. 2 is the figure for schematically showing Y-Y type transformer equivalent circuit.
Fig. 3 is the figure for schematically showing Δ-Y type transformer equivalent circuit.
Fig. 4 is the figure for schematically showing singlephase earth fault load side voltage vector.
Fig. 5 is the figure for schematically showing single-phase wire break load fault side voltage vector.
Fig. 6 shows angle value θ and ground connection transition resistance R0The figure of relationship.
Fig. 7 is the figure for schematically showing the single loop line distribution network line emulation topological structure established in embodiment.
Fig. 8 (a) to Fig. 8 (c) is the θ-R for showing three groups of simulated faults in embodiment0The figure of relationship, wherein Fig. 8 (a) is figure Corresponding θ-the R of route 5-6 failure in 70The figure of relationship;Fig. 8 (b) is the corresponding θ-R of route 2-3 failure in Fig. 70The figure of relationship;Figure 8 (c) be the corresponding θ-R of route 12-13 failure0The figure of relationship.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided, and is described in detail.
When singlephase earth fault occurs, it is assumed that failure is mutually C phase, then the equivalent circuit of system is as shown in Figure 1.Wherein N For system neutral, EA、EB、ECSystem power supply side voltage, C respectively before A, B, C phase faultA、CB、CCRespectively A, B, C phase line Road distribution capacity over the ground, YKA、YKB、YKCRespectively and CA、CB、CCConductance over the ground on the right side of system in parallel, R0To be grounded transition Resistance.
If post-fault system neutral point voltage is UNO, then according to system neutral voltage computing formula, have:
In formula (1): YA、YB、YCRespectively A, B, C relatively conductance summation.
According to the equivalent circuit of Fig. 1, each relatively conductance summation Y can be calculatedA、YB、YC:
Assume that the line properties of system three-phase are consistent simultaneously, it may be assumed that
Convolution (1), (2) and (3), obtains the neutral point voltage expression formula of system:
Common distribution transformer has Y-Y type and two kinds of modes of connection of Δ-Y type.
For Y-Y type transformer, equivalent circuit is as shown in Fig. 2, wherein UIA、UIB、UICRespectively A, B, C three-phase line To the three-phase input voltage of transformer;CA、CB、CCThe respectively distribution capacity over the ground of three-phase line;ZA、ZB、ZCRespectively transformation The three-phase windings resistance value of device;R0To be grounded transition resistance.
Due to distribution network line distribution capacity C over the groundA、CB、CCVery little, the impedance to be converted according to formula 1/j ω C are remote Much larger than the impedance Z of the three-phase windings of transformerA、ZB、ZCWith ground connection transition resistance R0.Therefore in this case to transformer Equivalent circuit can be ignored when being calculated by CA、CBThe electric current for flowing into the earth, is regarded as open circuit, and R0With CCIt is in parallel Impedance value can be considered as R0.Assume that Three-Phase Transformer winding is symmetrical simultaneously, i.e. three-phase windings resistance value ZA=ZB=ZC=Z1.To Fig. 2 Circuit calculated, obtain Y-Y type transformer C phase (that is, failure phase) primary side voltage value UCL:
Then similar analytical calculation is carried out to Δ-Y type transformer (its equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 3).U in figureIA、UIB、 UICRespectively three-phase input voltage of A, B, C three-phase line to transformer, CA、CB、CCThe respectively electricity of distribution over the ground of three-phase line Hold, ZAB、ZBC、ZACThe respectively three-phase windings of transformer;R0To be grounded transition resistance.Similarly ignore distribution line to be distributed over the ground The influence of capacitor, and three-phase windings resistance value ZAB=ZBC=ZCA=Z2.It is primary to obtain Δ-Y type transformer C phase (that is, failure phase) Side voltage value UCL:
By the way that formula (5) is denoted as equivalent impedance Z to item relevant with winding impedance in formula (6)k, can be by formula (5) and formula (6) it is unified for following form, as faulted phase voltage vector UCLExpression formula:
And for single-phase wire break failure, the voltage analysis process of load-side and the basic holding one of singlephase earth fault It causes, only because the influence of broken string, the input voltage U of C phaseICBecome 0.Therefore formula (7) is modified slightly, load-side change can be obtained Depressor C phase (that is, failure phase) primary side voltage value UCLExpression formula:
For singlephase earth fault, it is assumed that C phase (that is, failure phase) input voltage UICEqual to the C phase voltage of source side, and base Remember in formula (7)For Uk, then UkVector always with (UIA+UIB) vector direction is identical.It therefore deduces that The voltage vector diagram of load-side as shown in Figure 4.
And for single-phase wire break failure, the input voltage U of C phaseICBecome 0.Based on formula (8), single-phase wire break failure is born It carries side and carries out vector diagram analysis, as shown in Figure 5.
By comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 5 it is found that for singlephase earth fault, C phase measures after failure voltage UCLFor UICWith Uk Vector sum, vector direction is (that is, UCLPhase) and UICAnd UkAmplitude phase it is directly related.Therefore, with system parameter With the variation of failure occurrence condition, the load-side fault phase voltage U of singlephase earth faultCLPhase and amplitude can all have significantly Variation.And for single-phase wire break failure, no matter the parameter Z in formula (8)KWith R0How to change, the load-side electricity of single-phase wire break failure Press UCLVector always with (UIA+UIB) vector direction is identical.Therefore, system parameter and failure occurrence condition are to this phase relation Substantially it does not influence.That is, being recognized using the relationship between load side voltage three-phase phase to single-phase wire break failure It is a kind of feasible effective thinking.
Pass through the comparative analysis to false voltage feature, it can be deduced that carry out using failure back loading side transformer voltage single One basic ideas of phase disconnection fault and the fault identification of singlephase earth fault: assuming that C phase is failure phase, while passing through distribution The three-phase voltage vector U of formula measuring device measurement load-side transformerAL、UBLAnd UCL, calculate the two-phase not broken down in three-phase The sum of vector (UAL+UBL) and failure phase vector UCLBetween angle value θ, and set a threshold θk.As θ < θkWhen, determine event Barrier is single-phase wire break failure, is otherwise determined as singlephase earth fault.
In theory, the angle theta of single-phase wire break failure is consistently equal to zero, therefore only needs the folder to singlephase earth fault Angle θ carries out analysis can threshold value θkReasonable value.Assuming that line-to-ground distribution capacity C=4*10-7(F), total conductance YK= 2*j ω C, equivalent impedance Zk=500 (Ω), using matlab software to the angle theta of singlephase earth fault with ground connection transition electricity Hinder R0(with log10(R0) form indicate) situation of change calculated.
Specifically, in different R in matlab software0It is worth (0 < R0< 10000) it under the conditions of, according to formula (4), calculates and is Unite neutral point voltage UNO, then according to formula UAL=EA+UNOWith UBL=EB+UNOCalculate outgoing vector (UAL+UBL) coordinate (x1, y1), then U is calculated according to formula (7) aboveCLThe coordinate (x2, y2) of vector, finally (9) calculate angle according to the following formula Value θ.
Wherein, x1For the abscissa of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that breaks down;x2For the cross of the voltage vector of failure phase Coordinate;y1For the ordinate of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that breaks down;y2For the ordinate of the voltage vector of failure phase.
By different R0It is worth (0 < R0< 10000) the angle value θ under the conditions of is with angle value θ with ground connection transition resistance R0(with log10(R0) form indicate) situation of change carry out drawing expression, as a result as shown in Figure 6.
From fig. 6, it can be seen that for general power distribution network, after singlephase earth fault occurs, vector (UAL+UBL) With UCLAngle theta be consistently greater than 10 °, and with ground connection transition resistance R0Increase and increase;And single-phase wire break event is occurring After barrier, which is consistently equal to zero.In view of the influence of the factors such as measurement error, by threshold θk8 ° are set as to differentiate to increase Accuracy.
Therefore, based on above-mentioned analysis, the present invention provides a kind of power distribution network single-phase disconnection failure based on distributed measurement and distinguishes Knowledge method recognizes single-phase wire break failure based on the relationship between load side voltage three-phase phase.
The above method generallys include following steps:
Step S1: using Wide Area Measurement System, keeps monitoring on-line to power distribution network;
Step S2: detect whether Judging fault is in singlephase earth fault or single-phase wire break failure when breaking down It is any, if it is, otherwise terminating fault identification into following step S3;
Step S3: using the distributed measurement device in Wide Area Measurement System, the fault point of synchronous acquisition failure t moment is remote Three-phase voltage data from bus one end, and collected three-phase voltage data is stored;
Step S4: utilizing stored three-phase voltage data, calculates the voltage vector for the two-phase not broken down in three-phase The sum of angle value θ between the voltage vector of failure phase;And
Step S5: recognize whether above-mentioned failure is single-phase wire break failure based on angle value θ.
Wherein, in step s 2, when detecting that failure occurs, the collected voltage of Wide Area Measurement System, electric current are utilized Data carry out section positioning to failure according to D type traveling wave localization method, then obtain positive sequence, negative phase-sequence, zero using symmetrical component method Sequence voltage, current data, and whether be single-phase according to singlephase earth fault and the boundary condition Judging fault of single-phase wire break failure Ground fault or single-phase wire break failure.
In step s3, the voltage vector of load-side Three-Phase Transformer is measured simultaneously by distributed measurement device.
In step s 4, based on the coordinate (x of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase not broken down in three-phase1,y1) and failure The coordinate (x2, y2) of the voltage vector of phase, calculated by following formula (9) two-phase not broken down in three-phase voltage vector it And the angle value θ between the voltage vector of failure phase:
Wherein, x1For the abscissa of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that does not break down, x2For the voltage vector of failure phase Abscissa, y1For the ordinate of the sum of the voltage vector of two-phase that does not break down, y2For the vertical seat of the voltage vector of failure phase Mark.
In the above-mentioned methods, A phase (that is, phase in the two-phase not broken down) voltage vector is sat first before failure definition Scale value is (0,1), and using place straight line as y-axis, vertical y-axis establishes coordinate system, and following institute's directed quantity as x-axis Calculating is calculated all in accordance with this coordinate system.According to formula UAL=EA+UNOAnd UBL=EB+UNOCalculate the two-phase not broken down The sum of voltage vector and the coordinate (x being converted into above-mentioned coordinate system1,y1), wherein UNOIt is system neutral voltage, UALIt is not send out The voltage vector of a phase, E in the two-phase of raw failureAIt is the failure prior fault upstream electricity of a phase described in the two-phase that does not break down Pressure, UBLIt is the voltage vector of another phase in the two-phase not broken down, EBIt is another phase described in the two-phase that does not break down System power supply side voltage before failure.
In the above-mentioned methods, (7) calculate the voltage vector of failure phase according to the following formula, and are converted to above-mentioned established coordinate Coordinate (x in system2,y2):
Wherein, UCLIt is the voltage vector of failure phase, R0To be grounded transition resistance, ZKIt is equivalent impedance, UIAAnd UIBIt is respectively Input voltage of two phase lines not broken down to transformer, UICIt is input voltage of the failure phase line to transformer.
In step s 4, it is assumed that line-to-ground distribution capacity C=4*10-7(F), total conductance YK=2*j ω C, equivalent impedance Zk=500 (Ω), in different R0It is worth (0 < R0< 10000) under the conditions of, pass through following formula (4) computing system neutral point voltage UNO:
Wherein, ECIt is system power supply side voltage, Y before the failure of any phase in three-phaseKIt is the route pair with phase any in three-phase Conductance over the ground on the right side of the system of ground distribution capacity parallel connection, C are the line-to-ground distribution capacity of any phase in three-phase, R0For ground connection Transition resistance.
In step s 4, also utilize matlab software to angle value θ with log10(R0) form indicate ground connection transition Resistance R0Situation of change calculated.Preferably, by different R0It is worth (0 < R0< 10000) angle value θ under the conditions of with log10(R0) form indicate ground connection transition resistance R0Situation of change drawn to indicate situation of change
Preferably, in step s 5, when θ >=threshold θkWhen, it is determined as singlephase earth fault, when θ < threshold θkWhen, then determine For single-phase wire break failure.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, the threshold θk It is 10 °.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, the threshold θk It is 8 °.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, when the angle Value θ is consistently greater than 10 ° and with log10(R0) form indicate ground connection transition resistance R0Increase and when increasing, determine to occur Singlephase earth fault.
Preferably, in the power distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method described based on distributed measurement, when the angle When value θ is consistently equal to zero, determine that single-phase wire break failure occurs.
Embodiment
The simulation model of single loop line distribution network line is established using PSCAD/EMTDC software, route voltage rating is 10kV, Its topological diagram is as shown in Figure 7.Several groups of failures are arranged in different location in Fig. 7 distribution line, include single-phase wire break in every group of failure Failure and singlephase earth fault.Set abort situation is located at route 5-6, route 2-3 and route 12-13 in Fig. 7 Place, the transformer primary side voltage of fault down stream measures after failure occurs.
In tri- groups of route 5-6, route 2-3, route 12-13 failures, measured downstream transformers number respectively E, D,J.Transition resistance R is grounded by changing0(0<R0< 50000) simulated measurement (comparison of drawing for convenience, it is assumed that single-phase disconnected is carried out The ground connection transition resistance R of line trouble power side and load-side1With R2It is equal, and with R0Indicate), for each different R0Record According to the θ value being calculated measured by the method, and with log10(R0) form indicate R0It is ordinate for abscissa, θ, draws Angle value θ is produced with R0The curve graph of variation, as shown in Fig. 8 (a) to Fig. 8 (c).
In FIG. 8 it is seen that three groups of failure angle thetas are with R0The common feature of variation: the angle value θ of single-phase wire break failure Hardly follow R0Variation, is always held near 0 °;And angle the value θ and R of singlephase earth fault0Substantially it is positively correlated, and with R0Increase ascendant trend gradually to delay.By emulating the two kinds of failure angle thetas obtained with R0Variation tendency obtained with by theoretical calculation Result it is almost the same.
It can be seen from the figure that in the larger (log of ground resistance10(R0) > 2, i.e. R0> 100 Ω) when, single-phase wire break failure The Threshold θ that angle theta is consistently less than as 8 °k, and single-phase wire break failure angle theta is consistently greater than 8 °.Therefore, by comparing angle Value θ and Threshold θk, fault identification accurately can be carried out to two kinds of failures.
Applicant combines Figure of description to be described in detail and describe the embodiment of the present invention, but this field skill Art personnel are it should be understood that above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and explanation is intended merely to help reader in detail More fully understand spirit of that invention, and it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, on the contrary, any based on invention essence of the invention Any improvement or modification made by mind should all be fallen within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (17)

1.一种基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:所述基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法基于负载侧电压三相相位之间的关系对单相断线故障进行辨识。1. A distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method based on distributed measurement is characterized in that: the distributed measurement-based distribution network single-phase disconnection fault identification method is based on the load-side voltage between the three-phase phases. The relationship between single-phase disconnection fault is identified. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:2. The single-phase disconnection fault identification method of distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 所述基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法包括:The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement includes: 步骤S1:采用广域测量系统,对配电网保持在线监测;Step S1: use a wide-area measurement system to maintain online monitoring of the distribution network; 步骤S2:检测到发生故障时,判别故障是否是单相接地故障或单相断线故障中的任一种,如果是,则进入下述步骤S3,否则结束故障辨识;Step S2: when a fault is detected, determine whether the fault is either a single-phase ground fault or a single-phase disconnection fault, if so, enter the following step S3, otherwise end the fault identification; 步骤S3:利用广域测量系统中的分布式测量装置,同步采集故障t时刻的故障点远离母线一端的三相电压数据,并将采集到的三相电压数据进行存储;Step S3: Using the distributed measurement device in the wide-area measurement system, synchronously collect the three-phase voltage data at the fault point at the time of fault t away from the busbar, and store the collected three-phase voltage data; 步骤S4:利用所存储的三相电压数据,计算三相中未发生故障的两相的电压向量之和与故障相的电压向量之间的夹角值θ;Step S4: using the stored three-phase voltage data, calculate the angle value θ between the sum of the voltage vectors of the two phases without fault in the three-phase and the voltage vector of the faulty phase; 步骤S5:基于所述夹角值θ辨识所述故障是否是单相断线故障。Step S5: Identify whether the fault is a single-phase disconnection fault based on the included angle value θ. 3.根据权利要求2所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:3. The single-phase disconnection fault identification method of distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 2, is characterized in that: 在步骤S2中,检测到故障发生时,利用所述广域测量系统采集到的电压、电流数据,按照D型行波定位方法对故障进行区段定位,然后利用对称分量法得出正序、负序、零序电压、电流数据,并按照单相接地故障与单相断线故障的边界条件判别故障是否为单相接地故障或单相断线故障。In step S2, when a fault is detected, use the voltage and current data collected by the wide-area measurement system to locate the fault according to the D-type traveling wave positioning method, and then use the symmetrical component method to obtain the positive sequence, Negative sequence, zero sequence voltage, current data, and according to the boundary conditions of single-phase grounding fault and single-phase disconnection fault to determine whether the fault is single-phase grounding fault or single-phase disconnection fault. 4.根据权利要求3所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:4. The single-phase disconnection fault identification method of distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: 所述单相接地故障与单相断线故障的边界条件是:故障后零序电流不为零,且故障后正序电流和负序电流均小于故障前的电流。The boundary conditions of the single-phase ground fault and single-phase disconnection fault are: the zero-sequence current after the fault is not zero, and the positive-sequence current and the negative-sequence current after the fault are both smaller than the current before the fault. 5.根据权利要求2所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:5. The single-phase disconnection fault identification method of distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 2, is characterized in that: 在步骤S3中,通过分布式测量装置同时测量负载侧变压器三相的电压向量。In step S3, the voltage vectors of the three phases of the transformer on the load side are simultaneously measured by the distributed measurement device. 6.根据权利要求5所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:6. The method for identifying single-phase disconnection faults in distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 5, wherein: 在步骤S4中,通过下式来计算三相中未发生故障的两相的电压向量之和与故障相的电压向量之间的夹角值θ:In step S4, the angle value θ between the sum of the voltage vectors of the two phases without fault and the voltage vector of the faulty phase is calculated by the following formula: 其中,x1为未发生故障的两相的电压向量之和的横坐标,x2为故障相的电压向量的横坐标,y1为未发生故障的两相的电压向量之和的纵坐标,y2为故障相的电压向量的纵坐标。Among them, x 1 is the abscissa of the sum of the voltage vectors of the two phases without fault, x 2 is the abscissa of the voltage vector of the faulty phase, y 1 is the ordinate of the sum of the voltage vectors of the two phases without fault, y 2 is the ordinate of the voltage vector of the faulty phase. 7.根据权利要求6所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:7. The method for identifying single-phase disconnection faults in distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 6, wherein: 定义故障前未发生故障的两相中一相的电压向量坐标值为(0,1),并以所在直线作为y轴,垂直y轴线作为x轴,建立坐标系,并且以下所有向量计算都按照此坐标系进行计算,按照式UAL=EA+UNO和UBL=EB+UNO计算未发生故障的两相的电压向量之和,并转换为所建立坐标系中的坐标(x1,y1),其中UNO是系统中性点电压,UAL是未发生故障的两相中一相的电压向量,EA是未发生故障的两相中所述一相的故障前故障上游电压,UBL是未发生故障的两相中另一相的电压向量,EB是未发生故障的两相中所述另一相的故障前系统电源侧电压;Define the voltage vector coordinate value of one of the two phases that did not fail before the fault is (0, 1), and use the straight line as the y-axis and the vertical y-axis as the x-axis to establish a coordinate system, and all the following vector calculations are based on This coordinate system is calculated, according to the formulas U AL =E A +U NO and U BL =E B +U NO to calculate the sum of the voltage vectors of the two phases without faults, and convert them to the coordinates in the established coordinate system (x 1 , y 1 ), where U NO is the system neutral voltage, U AL is the voltage vector of one of the two unfaulted phases, and EA is the pre - fault fault of the one of the two unfaulted phases the upstream voltage, U BL is the voltage vector of the other of the two phases that did not fail, and E B is the pre-fault system power-side voltage of the other of the two phases that did not fail; 根据下式计算故障相的电压向量,并转换为上述所建立坐标系中的坐标(x2,y2):Calculate the voltage vector of the faulty phase according to the following formula and convert it to the coordinates (x 2 , y 2 ) in the coordinate system established above: 其中,UCL是故障相的电压向量,R0为接地过渡电阻,ZK是等效阻抗,UIA和UIB分别是未发生故障的两相线路对变压器的输入电压,UIC是故障相线路对变压器的输入电压。Among them, U CL is the voltage vector of the faulted phase, R 0 is the grounding transition resistance, Z K is the equivalent impedance, U IA and U IB are the input voltages of the two-phase lines without fault to the transformer, respectively, and U IC is the faulted phase Line-to-transformer input voltage. 8.根据权利要求7所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:8. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 7, wherein: 在步骤S4中,在不同的接地过渡电阻R0值条件下,根据下式计算所述系统中性点电压UNOIn step S4, under the condition of different grounding transition resistance R 0 values, the system neutral point voltage U NO is calculated according to the following formula: 其中,EC是三相中任一相的故障前系统电源侧电压,YK是与三相系统总电导,C是三相中任一相的线路对地分布电容,R0为接地过渡电阻,效阻抗Z为线路的等效阻抗;其中,0&lt;R0&lt;10000。Among them, E C is the pre-fault system power supply side voltage of any one of the three phases, Y K is the total conductance with the three-phase system, C is the line-to-ground distributed capacitance of any one of the three phases, and R 0 is the grounding transition resistance , the effective impedance Z is the equivalent impedance of the line; where, 0 &lt; R 0 &lt; 10000. 9.根据权利要求7或8所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:9. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: 对于Y-Y型变压器,ZK=2Z,其中Z是三相绕组中任一个的阻值。For a YY-type transformer, Z K = 2Z, where Z is the resistance of any of the three-phase windings. 10.根据权利要求7或8所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:10. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: 对于Δ-Y型变压器,ZK=(2/3)Z,其中Z是三相绕组中任一个的阻值。For a delta-Y transformer, Z K =(2/3)Z, where Z is the resistance of any one of the three-phase windings. 11.根据权利要求8所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:11. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 8, wherein: 在步骤S4中,还利用matlab软件对夹角值θ随着以log10(R0)形式表示的接地过渡电阻R0的变化情况进行计算。In step S4, matlab software is also used to calculate the variation of the included angle value θ with the ground transition resistance R 0 expressed in the form of log 10 (R 0 ). 12.根据权利要求8所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:12. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 8, wherein: 将0&lt;R0&lt;10000范围内不同R0值条件下的夹角值θ随着以log10(R0)形式表示的接地过渡电阻R0的变化情况进行绘图来表示变化情况。The included angle value θ under the condition of different R 0 values in the range of 0 &lt; R 0 &lt; 10000 is plotted against the change of the ground transition resistance R 0 in the form of log 10 (R 0 ) to represent the change. 13.根据权利要求2所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:13. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 2, wherein: 在步骤S5中,当θ≥阈值θk时,判定为单相接地故障;当θ&lt;阈值θk时,则判定为单相断线故障。In step S5, when θ≥threshold θk, it is determined to be a single-phase ground fault; when θ<threshold θk , it is determined to be a single-phase disconnection fault. 14.根据权利要求13所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:14. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 13, wherein: 所述阈值θk为10°。The threshold θ k is 10°. 15.根据权利要求13所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:15. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 13, wherein: 所述阈值θk为8°。The threshold θ k is 8°. 16.根据权利要求11或12所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:16. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: 当所述夹角值θ始终大于10°并随着以log10(R0)形式表示的接地过渡电阻R0的增加而增加时,判定发生单相接地故障。When the included angle value θ is always greater than 10° and increases with the increase of the ground transition resistance R 0 expressed in the form of log 10 (R 0 ), it is determined that a single-phase ground fault occurs. 17.根据权利要求11或12所述的基于分布式测量的配电网单相断线故障辨识方法,其特征在于:17. The method for identifying a single-phase disconnection fault in a distribution network based on distributed measurement according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: 当所述夹角值θ始终等于零时,判定发生单相断线故障。When the included angle value θ is always equal to zero, it is determined that a single-phase disconnection fault occurs.
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