CN109322869B - Gas-electricity composite driving actuator - Google Patents

Gas-electricity composite driving actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109322869B
CN109322869B CN201811264976.4A CN201811264976A CN109322869B CN 109322869 B CN109322869 B CN 109322869B CN 201811264976 A CN201811264976 A CN 201811264976A CN 109322869 B CN109322869 B CN 109322869B
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cylinder
assembly
piston
servo motor
servo
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CN109322869A (en
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杨斯冕
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423Component parts; Constructional details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa

Abstract

The invention provides a gas-electric composite driving actuator, which comprises a servo motor driving assembly, a control assembly, a servo cylinder assembly and a coupling mechanism, wherein the servo cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder, an oil duct B and an oil duct C are arranged on a piston guide rod, a square hole is formed in the radial direction of a cylinder piston, the coupling mechanism comprises a guide pillar, a small plunger, a spring and a wedge block, one end of the guide pillar stretches into the piston guide rod, a rectangular groove D is formed in the guide pillar, the small plunger and the wedge block are both positioned in the square hole, two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the top of the small plunger and the wedge block, the wedge block is fixed on the cylinder piston, a closed space is formed between the wedge block and the small plunger, the cylinder piston and the piston guide rod, the oil duct B and the oil duct C are both communicated with the closed space, and the servo motor driving assembly drives the guide pillar to move linearly through a ball screw structure.

Description

Gas-electricity composite driving actuator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of actuators, in particular to a gas-electric composite driving actuator.
Background
With the development of industrial automation, pneumatic drive actuators and motor drive actuators are increasingly used in different occasions.
The pneumatic driving actuator completes the transmission of signals and power in a mode of changing the pressure of gas, has the advantages of strong bearing capacity and large output force, and is often used in occasions with large required power-mass ratio. However, as the output force of the air cylinder is mainly provided by the air in the two cavities of the air cylinder, the air compressibility is strong, and meanwhile, the pneumatic system has nonlinear factors, particularly when the internal friction force of the air cylinder cannot be accurately determined, the positioning accuracy of the air cylinder is low. Therefore, the pneumatic actuator is not suitable for the occasion where the required positioning accuracy is high.
The motor-driven actuator changes the rotary motion of the motor into linear motion by utilizing the ball screw and the ball nut, has the advantages of accurate positioning, good reliability, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and is often applied to occasions with higher requirements on positioning accuracy. However, the motor of the electric actuator requires relatively large power, so that not only is the electric energy consumed more, but also the space occupied by the corresponding motor is large. Therefore, the electric actuator is not suitable for a case where the power-mass ratio is large.
In summary, the driving actuator in the prior art has a contradiction between a large mass-to-power ratio and high positioning accuracy, so that it is difficult for the single driving device in the prior art to meet the load requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a gas-electric composite driving actuator which can combine the advantages of pneumatic driving and motor driving and still realize high-precision positioning in the occasion with larger required mass power.
The present invention achieves the above technical object by the following means.
An electro-pneumatic compound drive actuator comprising: the servo motor driving assembly, the control assembly, the servo cylinder assembly and the coupling mechanism;
the servo cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder front end cover, a cylinder body, a cylinder piston, a piston guide rod, a cylinder guide sleeve and a cylinder rear end cover, wherein an oil duct B and an oil duct C are arranged on the piston guide rod, two square holes are radially formed in the cylinder piston, and the two square holes are symmetrical relative to the axis of the cylinder piston;
the coupling mechanism comprises a guide post, small plungers, springs and wedge blocks, one ends of the guide post extend into the piston guide rod along the axial direction of the piston guide rod, two rectangular grooves D are formed in the guide post along the axial direction, the rectangular grooves D correspond to the square holes one by one, each square hole is internally provided with a small plunger, a spring and a wedge block, two ends of each spring are respectively connected with the top of each small plunger and each wedge block, each wedge block is fixedly connected with a cylinder piston, a closed space is formed between each wedge block and each small plunger, each cylinder piston and each piston guide rod, each oil duct B and each oil duct C are communicated with the closed space, and after high-pressure oil is introduced into the closed space, each small plunger can compress the corresponding rectangular groove D at the bottom to realize locking and fixing of the guide post and each cylinder piston;
the servo motor driving assembly is connected with the guide post and used for driving the guide post to move linearly;
the control assembly is connected with the servo cylinder assembly, the coupling mechanism and the servo motor driving assembly, the control assembly firstly controls the servo cylinder assembly to complete most of strokes, then controls the coupling mechanism to act, so that the servo motor driving assembly is coupled with the servo cylinder assembly, and finally controls the servo motor driving assembly to drive the servo cylinder assembly to complete the rest strokes.
Preferably, the control assembly includes: the device comprises a gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder, a controller, a hydraulic hose, a first air pipe, a proportional control valve, an on-off control valve and a second air pipe;
the cylinder piston divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into a left cavity and a right cavity, the first air pipe is communicated with an air source and the left cavity, the second air pipe is communicated with the air source and the right cavity, and the first air pipe and the second air pipe are both connected with the proportional control valve;
the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder is communicated with the oil duct B and the oil duct C through a hydraulic hose, and the switch control valve is connected with the hydraulic hose;
the proportional control valve and the switch control valve are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the servo motor driving assembly comprises a servo motor, a flange coupler, a ball screw and a ball nut;
the motor shaft of the servo motor is connected with the ball screw through the flange coupler, the ball nut is in threaded connection with the ball screw, the ball nut is fixedly connected with the other end of the guide post, and the servo motor is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the servo cylinder assembly further comprises a magnetic telescopic displacement sensor, one end of the magnetic telescopic displacement sensor is connected with the front end cover of the cylinder, a movable magnet at the other end of the magnetic telescopic displacement sensor is fixed on the piston of the cylinder, and the magnetic telescopic displacement sensor is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the servo cylinder assembly further comprises a first pressure sensor for measuring the air pressure in the left chamber and a second pressure sensor for measuring the air pressure in the right chamber, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the coupling mechanism further comprises a third pressure sensor for measuring the oil pressure in the closed space, and the third pressure sensor is connected with the controller.
Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the wedge-shaped block and the cylinder piston.
Preferably, the bottom of the small plunger is made of asbestos-free friction materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the singly-driven actuator in the prior art, the invention realizes a driving mode of mixing motor driving and pneumatic driving through the coupling mechanism, and controls the actions of all the components through the control component, thereby realizing automatic control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electro-pneumatic actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a servo motor drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a servo cylinder assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder piston according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a wedge block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a small plunger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide post according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a servo motor drive assembly; 11. a servo motor; 12. a flange coupling; 13. a drive section case; 14. a ball screw; 15. a ball nut;
2. a control assembly; 21. a gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder; 22. a controller; 23. a quick connector; 24. a control part box body; 25. a hydraulic hose; 26. a first air tube; 27. a proportional control valve; 28. switching a control valve; 29. a second air pipe;
3. a servo cylinder assembly; 31. a cylinder front end cover; 32. a first pressure sensor; 33. a cylinder block; 34. a cylinder piston; 35. a piston guide rod; 36. a magneto-induced telescopic displacement sensor; 361. a movable magnet of the magneto-induced telescopic displacement sensor; 37. a second pressure sensor; 38. a cylinder guide sleeve; 39. a cylinder rear end cover;
4. a coupling mechanism; 41. a guide post; 42. a third pressure sensor; 43. a closed space; 44. a small plunger; 45. a spring; 46. wedge blocks; 47. and (3) sealing rings.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
An air-electric hybrid drive actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the air-electric composite driving actuator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a servo motor driving assembly 1, a control assembly 2, a servo cylinder assembly 3, and a coupling mechanism 4.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the servo cylinder assembly 3 includes a cylinder front end cover 31, a first pressure sensor 32, a cylinder block 33, a cylinder piston 34, a piston guide rod 35, a magneto-induced telescopic displacement sensor 36, a second pressure sensor 37, a cylinder guide sleeve 38, and a cylinder rear end cover 39; the front cylinder end cover 31 and the rear cylinder end cover 39 are respectively positioned at two ends of the cylinder body 33, the cylinder piston 34 is fixedly connected with the piston guide rod 35, and the cylinder guide sleeve 38 plays a guiding role. The piston rod 35 is provided with an oil passage B and an oil passage C, and as shown in fig. 7, the cylinder piston 34 is provided with two square holes in the radial direction, and the two square holes are symmetrical about the axis of the cylinder piston 34. As shown in fig. 4, the cylinder piston 34 divides the inner cavity of the cylinder block 33 into a left chamber and a right chamber, the first pressure sensor 32 is for measuring the air pressure in the left chamber, and the second pressure sensor 37 is for measuring the air pressure in the right chamber. One end of the magneto-induced telescopic displacement sensor 36 is fixed on the cylinder front end cover 31, and the movable magnet 361 at the other end is fixed on the cylinder piston 34, which functions to measure the working stroke of the cylinder piston 34.
Referring to fig. 3, the control assembly 2 includes a gas-liquid pressure cylinder 21, a controller 22, a quick connector 23, a control box 24, a hydraulic hose 25, a first air pipe 26, a proportional control valve 27, a switch control valve 28, and a second air pipe 29; the first air pipe 26 is communicated with an air source and the left chamber, the second air pipe 29 is communicated with an air source and the right chamber, and the first air pipe 26 and the second air pipe 29 are connected with the proportional control valve 27; the gas-liquid booster cylinder 21 is communicated with the oil duct B and the oil duct C through a hydraulic hose 25, and a switch control valve 28 is arranged on the control part box 24 and is connected with the hydraulic hose 25; the first pressure sensor 32, the second pressure sensor 37, the magneto-resistive displacement sensor 36, the proportional control valve 27, and the on-off control valve 28 are all connected to the controller 22. The controller 22 is fixedly mounted on the control unit housing 24, and receives detection signals of the respective sensors and outputs control signals to the servo motor 11, the proportional control valve 27 and the on-off control valve 28, thereby controlling the servo motor driving assembly 1, the coupling mechanism 4 and the servo cylinder assembly 3 to operate correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 6, the coupling mechanism 4 includes a guide post 41, a pressure sensor 42, a closed space 43, a small plunger 44, a spring 45, a wedge 46, and a seal ring 47; referring to fig. 10, two rectangular grooves D are axially formed in the guide post 41, the rectangular grooves D correspond to the square holes one by one, as shown in fig. 6 to 9, small plungers 44, springs 45 and wedge blocks 46 are respectively arranged in the square holes, and asbestos-free friction materials are adopted at the bottoms of the small plungers 44. The two ends of the spring 45 are respectively connected with the top of the small plunger 44 and the wedge block 46, the spring 45 is a cylindrical spiral extension spring, the wedge block 46 is fixedly connected with the cylinder piston 34, the sealing ring 47 is arranged between the wedge block 46 and the cylinder piston 34, a closed space 43 is formed between the wedge block 46 and the small plunger 44, between the wedge block 34 and the cylinder piston 35, and between the wedge block and the piston rod 35, the oil duct B and the oil duct C are communicated with the closed space 43, and after high-pressure oil is introduced into the closed space 43, the small plunger 44 compresses the rectangular groove D in the guide pillar 41 under the action of oil pressure, so that the locking fixation of the guide pillar 41 and the cylinder piston 34 is realized. The third pressure sensor 42 is used for measuring the oil pressure in the closed space 43, the third pressure sensor 42 is connected with the controller 22, and when the third pressure sensor 42 detects that the closed space 43 reaches a preset value, the generated analog signal is fed back to the controller 22.
Referring to fig. 2, the servo motor driving assembly 1 includes a servo motor 11, a flange coupling 12, a driving part box 13, a ball screw 14, and a ball nut 15, wherein one end of the servo motor 11 is fixedly connected to the driving part box 13, a motor shaft of the servo motor 11 is connected to the ball screw 14 through the flange coupling 12, the ball nut 15 is in threaded connection with the ball screw 14, the ball nut 15 is fixedly connected to the other end of the guide post 41 through an inner hexagonal screw, the rotational movement of the servo motor 11 is converted into a linear movement of the guide post 41, the servo motor 11 is connected to a controller 22, and the controller controls the action of the servo motor 11 according to a signal of a magneto-based telescopic displacement sensor 36.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
after the controller 22 of the air-electric composite driving actuator receives a system driving command, the proportional control valve 27 is controlled to input high-pressure air into the cylinder body 33 from an air source, so as to push the cylinder piston 34 to move, and most of strokes are completed.
When the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 36 detects that the cylinder piston 34 has moved to a predetermined position before the target stroke, the generated analog signal is fed back to the controller 22. The controller 22 controls the gas-liquid pressure cylinder 21 through the on-off control valve 28, and high-pressure oil is supplied to the closed space 43 through the hydraulic hose 25 and the oil passage B and the oil passage C inside the piston guide 35. Under the drive of high-pressure oil, the small plunger 44 overcomes the elasticity of the cylindrical spiral extension spring 45 and presses the rectangular groove D on the guide post 41, and the small plunger and the rectangular groove D do not move relatively any more due to friction, so that the locking and fixing of the guide post 41 and the cylinder piston 34 are realized. Meanwhile, the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 37 detect the air pressure in the cylinder block 33, and feed back the generated analog signal to the controller 22, and the controller 22 controls the proportional control valve 27 to balance the air pressure load in the cylinder block 33.
When the pressure sensor 42 in the enclosed space 43 detects that the enclosed space 43 reaches a predetermined value, the generated analog signal is fed back to the controller 22. The controller 22 controls the servo motor 11 to rotate, the rotary motion of the servo motor 11 is converted into linear motion of the guide post 41 through the action of the ball screw 14, and the guide post 41 drives the cylinder piston 34 to move due to the friction action of the guide post 41 and the cylinder piston 34, so that the purpose of accurate positioning is achieved.
When the magnetically induced telescopic displacement sensor 36 detects that the cylinder piston 34 reaches the target stroke, the generated analog signal is fed back to the controller 22. The controller 22 controls the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder 21 to discharge high-pressure oil in the closed space 43 through the switch control valve 28, and the small plunger 44 is far away from the rectangular groove D on the guide post 41 due to the elastic force of the cylindrical spiral extension spring 45, so that the coupling state is finished.
The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An electro-pneumatic composite actuator, comprising: the servo motor driving assembly (1), the control assembly (2), the servo cylinder assembly (3) and the coupling mechanism (4);
the servo cylinder assembly (3) comprises a cylinder front end cover (31), a cylinder body (33), a cylinder piston (34), a piston guide rod (35), a cylinder guide sleeve (38), a cylinder rear end cover (39), a first pressure sensor (32) for measuring the air pressure in the left chamber and a second pressure sensor (37) for measuring the air pressure in the right chamber; the piston guide rod (35) is provided with an oil duct B and an oil duct C, and the cylinder piston (34) is provided with two square holes along the radial direction, and the two square holes are symmetrical relative to the axis of the cylinder piston (34);
the coupling mechanism (4) comprises a guide post (41), small plungers (44), springs (45) and wedge blocks (46), one ends of the guide posts (41) extend into the piston guide rod (35) along the axial direction of the piston guide rod (35), two rectangular grooves D are formed in the guide posts (41) along the axial direction, the rectangular grooves D are in one-to-one correspondence with the square holes, each square hole is internally provided with a small plunger (44), a spring (45) and a wedge block (46), two ends of each spring (45) are respectively connected with the top of each small plunger (44) and each wedge block (46), each wedge block (46) is fixedly connected with each cylinder piston (34), a closed space (43) is formed between each wedge block (46) and each small plunger (44), each cylinder piston (34) and each piston guide rod (35), and after high-pressure oil is introduced into each closed space (43), the bottoms of the small plungers (44) can be tightly pressed against the rectangular grooves D of the guide posts (34) to fix the corresponding cylinder pistons (34);
the control assembly (2) comprises a gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder (21), a controller (22), a hydraulic hose (25), a first gas pipe (26), a proportional control valve (27), a switch control valve (28) and a second gas pipe (29);
the cylinder piston (34) divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body (33) into a left cavity and a right cavity, the first air pipe (26) is communicated with an air source and the left cavity, the second air pipe (29) is communicated with the air source and the right cavity, and the first air pipe (26) and the second air pipe (29) are both connected with the proportional control valve (27);
the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder (21) is communicated with the oil duct B and the oil duct C through a hydraulic hose (25), and the switch control valve (28) is connected with the hydraulic hose (25);
the proportional control valve (27), the switch control valve (28), the first pressure sensor (32) and the second pressure sensor (37) are all connected with the controller (22);
the servo motor driving assembly (1) is connected with the guide post (41) and is used for driving the guide post (41) to move linearly; the servo cylinder assembly (3) further comprises a magnetic telescopic displacement sensor (36), one end of the magnetic telescopic displacement sensor (36) is connected with the cylinder front end cover (31), the movable magnet (361) at the other end is fixed on the cylinder piston (34), and the magnetic telescopic displacement sensor (36) is connected with the controller (22);
the control assembly (2) is connected with the servo cylinder assembly (3) and the coupling mechanism (4) and the servo motor driving assembly (1), the control assembly (2) firstly controls the servo cylinder assembly (3) to complete most of the stroke, then controls the coupling mechanism (4) to act, so that the servo motor driving assembly (1) is coupled with the servo cylinder assembly (3), and finally, controls the servo motor driving assembly (1) to drive the servo cylinder assembly (3) to complete the rest stroke.
2. The electro-pneumatic compound drive actuator of claim 1, wherein the servo motor drive assembly (1) comprises a servo motor (11), a flange coupling (12), a ball screw (14) and a ball nut (15);
the motor shaft of the servo motor (11) is connected with the ball screw (14) through the flange coupler (12), the ball nut (15) is in threaded connection with the ball screw (14), the ball nut (15) is fixedly connected with the other end of the guide post (41), and the servo motor (11) is connected with the controller (22).
3. The electro-pneumatic actuator of claim 1, wherein the coupling mechanism (4) further comprises a third pressure sensor (42) for measuring the oil pressure in the enclosed space (43), the third pressure sensor (42) being connected to the controller (22).
4. The gas-electric hybrid drive actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing ring (47) is provided between the wedge block (46) and the cylinder piston (34).
5. The electro-pneumatic actuator of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the small plunger (44) is formed of an asbestos-free friction material.
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CN113028014A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-25 穆特科技(武汉)股份有限公司 Short zero-length gas-assisted electric cylinder device

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