CN109321673B - Method for identifying QTL (quantitative trait loci) and genes related to color of tender cucumber peel - Google Patents
Method for identifying QTL (quantitative trait loci) and genes related to color of tender cucumber peel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying QTL and genes related to the skin color of tender cucumber fruits, which comprises the following steps: (1) hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain F1, and constructing a recombinant inbred line RILs; (2) identifying the color of the tender fruit peel of each strain and carrying out data statistical analysis; (3) extracting each RIL strain and the parental genome DNA thereof; (4) carrying out whole genome re-sequencing on the genome DNA of the parent strain and the RIL strain, and carrying out SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variation detection and genotyping analysis; (5) determining LOD value threshold values of each phenotype and QTL sections corresponding to the LOD value threshold values; (6) and comparing the SNP detection result in the QTL section to a cucumber reference genome, searching for related genes, and performing gene function annotation. The method has the advantages that the high-throughput sequencing method is adopted to carry out genotype identification on the self-created high-generation RILs, the molecular marker number and the high-density linkage map which can not be reached by the traditional method are obtained, and support is provided for efficiently and accurately identifying related genes of the color of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, and particularly relates to a method for identifying QTL (quantitative trait locus) and genes related to the color of tender cucumber peels.
Background
The cucumber is one of the main vegetables for open field and facility cultivation in China, and is deeply favored by consumers due to faint scent in flavor, crisp and refreshing taste and rich nutrition. The cucumber uses tender fruits as edible organs, and is suitable for being fried or uncooked and mixed with cold sauce. Therefore, the color of the commercial fruit is not only a main factor attracting consumers, but also a main target character for intensive research and improvement of breeders.
Previous researches on fruit color of horticultural crops show that the fruit peel color belongs to quantitative characters, and inheritance of the fruit color shows different recessive phenomena along with different crops and hybrid combinations thereof. Due to the different contents of carotenoid, chlorophyll and anthocyanin, the color of the peel of the tender fruit of cucumber shows diversity and mainly shows dark green, yellowish green and white. The research on the tender fruits of female flowers about 7-10 days after blossoming by Sun Xiaoradium and the like (relation between the color of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber and the content of the pigment, gardening report 2003, 30 (06): 721-. And then, researching and analyzing the chlorophyll content of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber by using a 6-generation combined analysis method of main gene + polygene to obtain that the chlorophyll content of the tender fruit skin is controlled by two pairs of main gene + polygene together. Wangjian department, etc. (genetic research on the color of tender cucumber peels, journal of horticulture, 2013, 40 (3): 479-. The L value and the C value of the tender peel color of each plant in the F2 generation are distributed in a bimodal biased positive state, which indicates that the tender peel color of the cucumber belongs to quantitative characters and does not completely accord with classical quantitative character inheritance, and the tender peel color of the cucumber is supposed to be influenced by main genes and polygenes. However, previous researches on molecular markers of cucumber young fruit color genes mostly adopt the molecular markers as quality traits and adopt the second generation molecular marker technology, and the obtained markers are far away, for example, the researches on the white young fruit traits of cucumbers by using F2 population, AFLP marker and population segregation analysis (BSA) method such as Sunxiandan and the like find that the markers E43M61 and E34M59 are linked with the gene w for controlling white pericarp, and the genetic distances are 5.2cM and 5.6cM respectively. Dodongshou and the like use an F2 population and a BSA method to position a white peel character gene w to a3 rd chromosome, mark SSR23517 and SSR23141 as two flanking marks of the w gene, and the genetic distance is 4.9cM and 1.9cM respectively. The genetic analysis of the color of the tender cucumber peel is mostly carried out by the predecessors from the perspective of quality characters through AFLP and SSR markers, and although a single marker which is closely linked is obtained, most markers are far away and related genes are not predicted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects that no clear conclusion is made on controlling the color gene of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber in the prior art and the molecular marker linked with the color gene of the tender fruit skin is not compact, the invention provides a method for identifying QTL (quantitative trait loci) and genes related to the color of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber, aiming at realizing the positioning of the color gene of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber, helping to clear the genetic mechanism of the color of the tender fruit skin of the cucumber and providing theoretical basis and technical support for the fruit color molecular breeding practice of the cucumber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the invention provides a method for identifying QTL and genes related to the skin color of tender cucumber fruits, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a female parent and a male parent, hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain F1, constructing a recombinant inbred line RIL by a single-grain transmission method, and planting the female parent, the male parent and the RIL until the female parent, the male parent and the RIL grow into tender fruits;
(2) dividing the color of the tender cucumber fruit into 5 colors of yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green according to the phenotype, counting the color of tender fruits of each strain of female parent, male parent and RIL, assigning different colors, respectively assigning 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 to the yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green, and respectively carrying out data statistical analysis on the group colors of the female parent, male parent and RIL;
(3) respectively taking fresh leaves of each RIL strain and parents thereof, extracting genome DNA of each RIL strain by using a CTAB method, and performing whole genome re-sequencing, wherein the average sequencing depth of the parents is 35X, and the average sequencing depth of the RI L strain is 6X;
(4) comparing the obtained sequencing data of the parents and the RIL strains with the cucumber reference genome sequence respectively, and carrying out SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variation detection and genotyping analysis;
(5) determining LOD value threshold of each phenotype of the parent and RIL by using PT in MapQTL, carrying out QTL positioning by using CIM algorithm in Wi nQTL software, and determining QTL sections corresponding to each phenotype of the parent and RIL according to the threshold obtained by the previous replacement test;
(6) and (3) comparing the SNP detection result of the target QTL region to the whole cucumber genome by using ANNOVAR software, searching genes in the target region, and performing gene function annotation and candidate gene prediction and analysis.
Further, when the inter-parent SNP variation detection and genotyping analysis are performed in the step (4), sites with homozygous parents and polymorphism between parents are screened, 543,611 SNP sites are obtained in total, wherein the available marker types of the RIL group are aa × bb and 302,710 polymorphism markers, the genotypes of 142 offspring at the 302,710 polymorphism marker sites are extracted based on inter-parent marker development, abnormal base detection, segregation marker filtering and Bi n marker identification screening are performed on the subtype offspring markers, and 1,495 effective Bi n markers are obtained finally and subjected to linkage analysis;
constructing a genetic map of the bi n marker obtained after screening by adopting Joi nmap 4.0 software, dividing a linkage group, and setting an LOD value to be 2-10; sorting each linkage group by adopting a regression algorithm; and calculating the genetic distance between markers by adopting Kosamb i, removing the markers which are seriously unable to be linked, and finally obtaining 1,423 markers of bi n on the map, thereby constructing a genetic map containing 7 linkage groups, covering the whole length of a genome of 855.563cM, and ensuring that the average genetic distance between the markers is 0.6 cM. The number of the markers on different linkage groups is 146-292, and the length is 91.267-143.201 cM.
The quantity of SNP markers obtained based on whole genome re-sequencing is beyond the reach of traditional markers, and can cover the whole genome, so that the construction of cucumber high-density linkage maps becomes possible.
Further, in the step (5), a genetic linkage map constructed by an RIL group is utilized, QTL positioning analysis is carried out on the phenotype statistical result of the peel color of the tender cucumber fruit in the step (2), the LOD threshold is 3.3, 6 QTLs related to the peel color character of the tender cucumber fruit are detected on the 1 st chromosome, the 3 th chromosome and the 4 th chromosome respectively, in the 6 detected QTLs, the contribution rate of QTL loci on the 1 st chromosome is 2.68%, the contribution rates of two QTLs loci on the 4 th chromosome are 4.06% and 4.39%, and the contribution rates of 3 QTLs loci on the 3 rd chromosome are 67.18%, 65.11% and 57.81% respectively;
on chromosome 3, three QTLs sites cluster in an interval of about 4.2M, the position of the site Fbc3.1 on the linkage map is 1.01cM, the genetic distance with the right wing marker mk718 is 0.09cM, and the contribution rate is the largest; the position of the locus Fbc3.2 on the linkage map is 3.31cM, the genetic distance with the left wing marker mk713 is 0.21cM, and the contribution rate is the second; the position of the site Fbc3.3 on the linkage map is 6.01cM, the genetic distance from the left wing marker mk707 is 0.11cM, and the contribution rate is positioned at the third place.
The prior art shows that the color of the tender cucumber fruit is related to the contents of carotenoid, chlorophyll and anthocyanin. In higher plants, the biosynthesis of chlorophyll is carried out by taking glutamic acid and ketoglutaric acid as raw materials, then synthesizing aminolevulinic acid, and finally generating chlorophyll through a series of biological reactions. The catalytic steps of the early stage and the later stage of the chlorophyll biosynthesis, and the transportation of intermediate metabolites among a plastid membrane, a matrix and a thylakoid membrane exist, so that a complex regulation network exists. The genetic analysis of the color of the tender cucumber peel is mostly carried out by the predecessors from the perspective of quality traits through AFLP and SSR markers, and although a single marker which is closely linked is obtained, most markers are far away, and related genes are not predicted. In the research, 16 candidate genes are obtained through gene annotation prediction, wherein most of the candidate genes relate to chlorophyll synthesis intermediate metabolic reaction, which shows that the color of the cucumber peel is related to chlorophyll biosynthesis, and further proves that the genes Csa3G904080, Csa3G904100, Csa3G903500 and Csa3G902950 are key candidate genes which jointly participate in regulation of the color of the peel.
The method not only identifies the main effective site of the gene for controlling the color character of the tender fruit peel, but also identifies the micro-effective site. The positioning result accords with the conclusion of predecessors about the inheritance of the color of the green peel of the cucumber, namely the quantitative character controlled by the main gene. And the distance between the two wings of the obtained main effect QTL locus closest markers is less than 0.3 cM. And 16 genes related to synthesis and transportation of chloroplast structure-associated proteins are predicted in the region of the major QTL locus. The major QTL and the gene related to the color of the tender fruit peel are identified, the genetic mechanism of the color of the tender fruit peel of the cucumber is facilitated to be determined, and theoretical basis and technical support are provided for the fruit color molecular breeding practice of the cucumber.
Preferably, the female parent variety is a 1613 high-generation inbred line, and the male parent variety is a JD7 high-generation inbred line.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: a method for conveniently, efficiently and accurately positioning the color genes of the peel of the tender cucumber fruit is found, and the method helps to define the genetic mechanism of the peel color of the tender cucumber fruit so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the fruit color molecular breeding practice of the cucumber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the color distribution of the skin of the tender fruit of RIL strain of cucumber;
FIG. 2 shows QTL locus of color of tender peel of RIL strain of cucumber, wherein the horizontal axis represents genetic distance (cM) and the vertical axis represents LOD value.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows: the invention provides a method for identifying QTL and genes related to the skin color of tender fruits of cucumber, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a female parent and a male parent, hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain F1, constructing a recombinant inbred line RIL by a single-grain transmission method, and planting female parent, male parent and RIL strains in a greenhouse until the female parent, the male parent and the RIL strains grow into tender fruits; for example, the high-generation inbred line 1613 is used as a female parent, and belongs to a strong female, the fruit peel is green, the thorn tumor is dense, the thorn is white, and the melon is rod-shaped and long; the high-generation inbred line JD7 is used as a male parent, and belongs to strong males with white pericarp and sparse thorn tumor, and melons are cylindrical and short. F1 is obtained by crossing two parents, a recombinant inbred line (RIL, F13) is constructed by a single seed transmission method, and the test population comprises 142 lines in total. The material was planted in a solar greenhouse at a test base at the south of the academy of agricultural sciences in 2016 spring, and 6 plants were planted in the father, the mother and each plant line.
(2) Dividing the color of the tender peel of the cucumber into 5 colors of yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green, counting the color of the tender peel of each strain of female parent, male parent and RIL of the tested material, assigning values to different colors, respectively assigning 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 to the yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green, and respectively carrying out data statistical analysis on the color of each strain of the female parent, male parent and RIL.
(3) Respectively extracting each strain of RIL and a fresh leaf of a parent thereof, extracting genome DNA of the strain by using a CTAB method, and performing whole genome re-sequencing by adopting a second generation sequencing technology, wherein the average sequencing depth of the parent is 35X, and the average sequencing depth of the RI L strain is 6X. Strictly filtering sequencing data to obtain high-quality Cl ean data;
(4) comparing the obtained sequencing data of the parents and each RIL strain with the reference whole genome of the cucumber respectively, and carrying out SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variation detection and genotyping analysis;
respectively carrying out abnormal base inspection, partial separation marker filtration and Bi n marker identification screening on the classified filial generation markers to finally obtain 1,495 effective Bi n markers, and carrying out linkage analysis;
constructing a genetic map of the bi n marker obtained after screening by adopting Joi nmap 4.0 software, dividing a linkage group, and setting an LOD value to be 2-10; sorting each linkage group by adopting a regression algorithm; and calculating the genetic distance between markers by adopting Kosamb i, removing the markers which are seriously unable to be linked, and finally obtaining 1,423 markers of bi n on the map, thereby constructing a genetic map containing 7 linkage groups, covering the whole length of a genome of 855.563cM, and ensuring that the average genetic distance between the markers is 0.6 cM. The number of markers on different linkage groups is 146-292, and the length is 91.267-143.201 cM (see Table 1 for details).
TABLE 1 statistics of genetic linkage group information
Note: group: a linkage group number; SNP markers: the number of SNP markers; map length is genetic distance length; average distance (cM): mean genetic distance
(5) PT (Permutat i on test) in MapQTL is used for determining the LOD value threshold value of each phenotype of the parent strain and the RI strain, CI M algorithm in Wi nQTL software is used for QTL positioning, and QTL sections corresponding to each phenotype of the parent strain and the RI strain are determined according to the threshold value obtained by the previous replacement test.
(6) And comparing the SNP results in the identified QTL section to a cucumber reference genome by using ANNOVAR software, searching related genes, and performing gene function annotation and candidate gene prediction analysis.
By adopting the method, the color phenotype identification result of the skin of the tender fruit of the RI Ls group of the cucumber is as follows:
the peel colors of the tender fruits of the parents '1613' and 'JD 7' are respectively yellow white and green through phenotype identification; the F1 generation group is green, which indicates that the green color of the tender fruit peel of cucumber is dominant heredity and is controlled by the major gene. In the RIL population, the yellow white pericarp is 27 strains, the white green pericarp is 27 strains, the light green pericarp is 24 strains, the green pericarp is 34 strains, the deep green pericarp is 30 strains, the frequency distribution diagram is shown in figure 1, and the color of the pericarp among RILs strains shows continuous variability, which indicates that the color of a tender fruit possibly relates to the regulation of a plurality of genes and the interaction effect possibly exists among the genes.
QTL positioning results for the color of the tender peel: and developing the SNP polymorphic markers between parents based on the genotype detection results of the two cucumber parents. Filtering out sites with parent information deletion, screening sites with homozygous parents and polymorphism between parents to obtain 543,611 SNP sites, wherein the available marker types of the RIL group are 'aa x bb' type, and the available marker types are 302,710 polymorphic markers. Based on inter-parental marker development, the genotypes of the above 302,710 polymorphic marker sites of 142 generations were extracted. And respectively carrying out abnormal base inspection, partial separation marker (Segregat i on d i stop ion) filtration and Bi n marker screening on the classified offspring markers to finally obtain 1,495 effective Bi n markers, and carrying out linkage analysis.
Constructing a genetic map of the bi n marker obtained after screening by adopting Joi nmap 4.0 software, dividing a linkage group, and setting an LOD value to be 2-10; sorting each linkage group by adopting a regression algorithm; the genetic distance between markers was calculated using Kosamb i. 1,423 bi n markers were obtained by eliminating the badly unlinked markers.
And (3) carrying out QTL positioning analysis by utilizing a genetic linkage map constructed by the RI L group and combining a phenotype investigation result of the color of the tender fruit peel of the cucumber. LOD threshold 3.3, 6 QTLs (shown in figure 2) related to the color trait of cucumber young fruit skin are detected on chromosomes 1, 3 and 4 respectively. Among the 6 detected QTLs, the contribution rate of the QTL site on chromosome 1 is 2.68%, the contribution rates of the two QTLs on chromosome 4 are 4.06% and 4.39%, respectively, and the contribution rates of the 3 QTLs on chromosome 3 are 67.18%, 65.11% and 57.81%, respectively.
On chromosome 3, three QTLs sites cluster together in an interval of about 4.2M. The position of the locus Fbc3.1 on the linkage map is 1.01cM, the genetic distance with the right wing marker mk718 is 0.09cM, and the contribution rate is the maximum; the position of the site Fbc3.2 on the linkage map is 3.31cM, the genetic distance from the left wing marker mk713 is 0.21cM, and the contribution rate is the second; the position of the site Fbc3.3 on the linkage map was 6.01cM, the genetic distance to the left wing marker mk707 was 0.11cM, and the contribution rate was third (as shown in Table 2).
TABLE 2 QTLs for peel colour of cucumber young fruit and their contribution rate
Searching cucumber genome database, 570 genes are found in the 3 # chromosome 35511129-:
TABLE 3 candidate genes of cucumber tender peel color-related major QTL
The research of the method of the invention finds that the color of the tender fruit peel is an important appearance quality character of the cucumber fruit. Although researchers at home and abroad carry out genetic research on the tender peel color of the cucumbers of different genetic groups, the conclusion obtained by the researchers is different due to different used test materials. From the perspective of quality traits, in the present study, the F1 generation appeared green, indicating that white pericarp was recessive to green pericarp, which is consistent with the previous study results. The color of the tender fruit peel is found in the offspring colony to have recombination types (white green, light green and dark green) besides parent phenotypes (white and green), and the recombination types show continuous variability, which indicates that genes for controlling the color of the fruit peel are not inherited from a simple quality character controlled by a pair of genes, but a plurality of genes and the interaction among the genes can exist.
Previous studies have shown that cucumber green peel color is related to carotenoid, chlorophyll and anthocyanin content. In higher plants, the biosynthesis of chlorophyll is carried out by taking glutamic acid and ketoglutaric acid as raw materials, then synthesizing aminolevulinic acid, and finally generating chlorophyll through a series of biological reactions. The catalytic steps of the early and late stages of the chlorophyll biosynthesis, and the transport of intermediate metabolites among a plastid membrane, a matrix and a thylakoid membrane exist, so that a complex regulation network exists. In the prior art, genetic analysis is carried out on the color of the tender cucumber peel from the perspective of quality traits through AFLP and SSR markers, and although a single marker which is closely linked is obtained, most markers are far away, and related genes are not predicted. In the research, 16 candidate genes are obtained through gene annotation prediction of a target QTL region, and most of the candidate genes are related to chlorophyll synthesis intermediate metabolic reaction, which shows that the color of cucumber peel is related to chlorophyll biosynthesis, and the research results are supported by the prior relevant research results. The research locates and predicts the genes Csa3G904080, Csa3G904100, Csa3G903500 and Csa3G902950, and further proves that the genes Csa3G904080, Csa3G904100, Csa3G903500 and Csa3G902950 are key candidate genes which jointly participate in regulating the color of the pericarp.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for identifying QTL and gene related to the skin color of tender cucumber fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) selecting a female parent and a male parent, hybridizing the female parent and the male parent to obtain F1, constructing a recombinant inbred line RILs by a single seed transmission method, and planting the female parent, the male parent and the RIL under the same conditions until tender fruits grow;
(2) dividing the color of the tender cucumber fruit into 5 colors of yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green according to the phenotype, counting the color of tender fruits of each strain of female parent, male parent and RIL, assigning different colors, respectively assigning 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 to the yellow white, white green, light green, green and dark green, and respectively carrying out data statistical analysis on the group colors of the female parent, male parent and RIL;
(3) fresh leaves of each RIL strain and parents thereof are respectively taken, genome DNA of each RIL strain is extracted by a CTAB method, and whole genome re-sequencing is carried out, wherein the average sequencing depth of the parents is 35X, and the average sequencing depth of the RIL strains is 6X;
(4) comparing the obtained sequencing data of the parents and the RIL strains with the cucumber reference genome sequence respectively, and carrying out SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variation detection and genotyping analysis;
(5) determining LOD value threshold of each phenotype of the parent and RIL by using PT in MapQTL, carrying out QTL positioning by using CIM algorithm in WinQTL software, and determining QTL sections corresponding to each phenotype of the parent and RIL according to the threshold obtained by the previous replacement test;
(6) comparing the SNP detection result of the target QTL region to the whole cucumber genome by using ANNOVAR software, searching genes in the target region, and performing gene function annotation and candidate gene prediction and analysis;
when SNP variation detection and genotyping analysis among parents are carried out in the step (4), sites with homozygous parents and polymorphism among the parents are screened, 543,611 SNP sites are obtained in total, wherein the available marker types of an RIL group are aa x bb and 302,710 polymorphism markers, the genotypes of 142 offspring at 302,710 polymorphism marker sites are extracted based on inter-parent marker development, abnormal base inspection, segregation marker filtering and Bin marker identification screening are carried out on the subtype offspring markers, 1,495 effective Bin markers are obtained finally, and linkage analysis is carried out;
constructing a genetic map of the bin marker obtained after screening by adopting Joinmap 4.0 software, dividing linkage groups, and setting the LOD value to be 2-10; sorting each linkage group by adopting a regression algorithm; calculating the genetic distance between markers by Kosambi, removing the markers which can not be linked seriously, and finally obtaining 1,423 marker of the upper map bin, constructing a genetic map containing 7 linkage groups, covering the whole length of a genome of 855.563cM, wherein the average genetic distance between the markers is 0.6Cm, the number of the markers on different linkage groups is 146-292, and the length is 91.267-143.201 cM;
QTL positioning analysis is carried out in the step (5) by utilizing a genetic linkage map constructed by RIL groups and combining the phenotype statistical result of the peel color of the tender cucumber fruits in the step (2), the LOD threshold value is 3.3, 6 QTLs related to the color character of the tender cucumber fruits are detected on the 1 st chromosome, the 3 rd chromosome and the 4 th chromosome respectively, in the detected 6 QTLs, the contribution rate of QTL loci on the 1 st chromosome is 2.68%, the contribution rates of two QTLs loci on the 4 th chromosome are 4.06% and 4.39%, and the contribution rates of 3 QTLs loci on the 3 rd chromosome are 67.18%, 65.11% and 57.81% respectively;
on chromosome 3, three QTLs sites cluster in an interval of about 4.2M, the position of the site Fbc3.1 on the linkage map is 1.01cM, the genetic distance with the right wing marker mk718 is 0.09cM, and the contribution rate is the largest; the position of the locus Fbc3.2 on the linkage map is 3.31cM, the genetic distance with the left wing marker mk713 is 0.21cM, and the contribution rate is the second; the position of the locus Fbc3.3 on the linkage map is 6.01cM, the genetic distance with the left wing marker mk707 is 0.11cM, and the contribution rate is third;
the female parent variety is a 1613 high-generation inbred line, and the male parent variety is a JD7 high-generation inbred line.
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| CN102311949A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-11 | 东北农业大学 | Cucumber nitrite main effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) tightly interlocked molecular marking method |
| CN104726563A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 西南大学 | Molecular marker closely linked with cabbage type rape seed coat color and application of molecular marker |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102311949A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-11 | 东北农业大学 | Cucumber nitrite main effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) tightly interlocked molecular marking method |
| CN104726563A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 西南大学 | Molecular marker closely linked with cabbage type rape seed coat color and application of molecular marker |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| A genetic linkage map with 178 SSR and 1 901 SNP markers constructed using a RIL population in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.);ZHAI Hui-jie，et al;《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》;20151231;全文 * |
| 黄瓜嫩果果皮颜色的遗传研究;申晓青等;《农业生物技术学报》;20141231;全文 * |
| 黄瓜嫩果皮色基因QTL定位分析;窦文文等;《植物遗传资源学报》;20181116;全文 * |
| 黄瓜白粉病抗性基因的 QTL 定位;张圣平等;《中国农业科学》;20111231;全文 * |
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