CN109317594B - Using method of pressure riveting and positioning tool for headless rivet - Google Patents

Using method of pressure riveting and positioning tool for headless rivet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109317594B
CN109317594B CN201811416469.8A CN201811416469A CN109317594B CN 109317594 B CN109317594 B CN 109317594B CN 201811416469 A CN201811416469 A CN 201811416469A CN 109317594 B CN109317594 B CN 109317594B
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riveting
positioning tool
base
headless
rivet
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CN109317594A (en
Inventor
吕九九
孙立强
臧建新
朱建文
马兴海
侯东旭
孟令博
马丽翠
章茂云
马遥
张伟
檀甜甜
安立辉
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Capital Aerospace Machinery Co Ltd
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Capital Aerospace Machinery Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/38—Accessories for use in connection with riveting, e.g. pliers for upsetting; Hand tools for riveting
    • B21J15/42—Special clamping devices for workpieces to be riveted together, e.g. operating through the rivet holes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of riveting assembly, and particularly discloses a press riveting positioning tool for a headless rivet and a use method thereof, wherein the positioning tool comprises a base, a spring seat is arranged at the upper part of the base, the spring seat is fixedly connected with the base through a snap spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively limited by the bottom end of the base and the spring seat; the method comprises the following steps: 1) calculating the overhanging amount of the headless rivet; 2) selecting a matched gasket; 3) fixing a riveting positioning tool; 4) additionally installing a headless rivet; 5) controlling the riveting positioning tool to be in place; 6) and (6) riveting. The invention is suitable for pressure riveting of the headless rivet, and can realize the consistency of the outward extension of the headless rivet at the two sides in the initial state and the pressure riveting process through the symmetrically arranged riveting positioning tools, thereby ensuring the consistency of the diameter and the height of the upset heads at the two sides after the pressure riveting of the headless rivet is finished.

Description

Using method of pressure riveting and positioning tool for headless rivet
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of riveting assembly, and particularly relates to a press riveting positioning tool for a headless rivet and a using method of the press riveting positioning tool.
Background
At present, mechanization and automation are inevitable trends of development of aerospace riveting assembly manufacturing technology, automatic riveting not only greatly improves production efficiency, reduces labor intensity of workers, but also ensures consistency of product quality. The manual riveting process of the headed rivet is mature in technology, but is poor in matching with automatic drilling and riveting equipment, when the diameter of the nail feeding rod is large, the interference phenomenon between the nail feeding rod and a stringer stud can occur, and the fundamental reason is that the size of the head of the rivet is larger than that of the nail rod. The problem can be solved just by the appearance of the headless rivet, and the headless rivet is a solid round rod interference rivet without a rivet head and has the following advantages: (1) after riveting, uniform interference fit can be formed along the whole length of the rivet rod, and the fatigue life of the connecting structure is improved exponentially; (2) the interference fit riveting of the headless rivet is adopted, so that the self sealing performance of the rivet can be reliably ensured.
The heading form of the headless rivet comprises a double-sided drum-shaped heading, a double-sided boss-shaped heading, a double-sided conical heading and a single-sided countersunk heading, wherein the double-sided heading requires that the two heading ends are consistent. Unlike the rivet head fixing and shank forming modes of headed rivets, both sides of headless rivets are formed into upsets, which requires that the outward extensions of both sides are kept consistent initially and that the upsets of both sides are formed consistently during riveting. Therefore, a special tool is needed, and the tool can meet the following requirements: 1. ensuring that the extending amount of the two sides is consistent when the headless rivet is initially placed; 2. Both sides can move simultaneously during riveting; 3. the riveting device is guaranteed to be suitable for the riveting equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a press riveting positioning tool for a headless rivet and a using method thereof, which can ensure that the overhanging quantities of two sides are consistent when the headless rivet is placed in an initial state.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pressure riveting and positioning tool for a headless rivet comprises a base, a spring seat and a clamp spring;
the base is of a cylindrical structure, a spring seat is mounted at the upper part of the base, and the spring seat is fixedly connected with the base through a clamp spring;
the two ends of the spring are limited by the bottom end of the base and the spring seat respectively.
The riveting positioning tools are matched in pairs, the two riveting positioning tools used in pairs are arranged oppositely from top to bottom, and the structures are completely consistent.
In an initial state, a base of a lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on a base of a riveting press, a riveting test plate A is placed on the end face of a spring seat of the lower riveting positioning tool, the lower surface of a riveting test plate B is in contact with the upper surface of the riveting test plate A, concentric circular holes are drilled in the riveting test plate A and the riveting test plate B and used for placing headless rivets, and the bottom ends of the headless rivets are in contact with the top end of the base of the riveting press;
the base of the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the upper seat of the squeeze riveter, the end surface of the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool is contacted with the upper surface of the riveting test plate B, and the upper body of the squeeze riveter can drive the upper seat of the squeeze riveter to move together when moving downwards until the bottom end of the upper seat of the squeeze riveter is contacted with the top end of a headless rivet;
the riveting press base and the riveting press upper base are the same in length.
The extending amount of the headless rivets with different diameters is different, and the extending amount of the headless rivets is the length L1 of the headless rivets protruding out of the riveting test plate A and the length L2 of the headless rivets protruding out of the riveting test plate B;
and gaskets are respectively arranged below the base of the lower riveting positioning tool and between the base of the upper riveting positioning tool and the upper machine body of the squeeze riveter and are used for compensating the length of the headless rivet, so that L1 is L2.
A plurality of spring seats are processed, have different heights X and can be matched with headless rivets with different lengths;
the outward extension L1 of the headless rivet is H + Y-Q, wherein H is the height of the whole riveting positioning tool, Y is the thickness of the gasket, and Q is the length of the riveting press base;
the height H of the whole riveting positioning tool is X-a + R, wherein X is the height of the spring seat, a is the distance between the bottom end of the spring seat and the upper end of the base, and R is the height of the base;
then L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y where a, R, Q are fixed values and the overhang of headless rivets L1 and L2 are related only to the spring seat height X and the shim thickness Y.
The spring seat is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the base, the spring is arranged in the base, and the outer diameter of the spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the base.
The spring seat is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the upper portion of the base, the spring is arranged outside the base, and the inner diameter of the spring is larger than the outer diameter of the base.
A use method of a riveting and positioning tool for a headless rivet comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the overhang of a headless rivet
Calculating the overhanging amount of the headless rivet according to the total thickness S of the riveting test plate A and the riveting test plate B and the length L of the headless rivet, wherein L is L1+ S + L2; wherein, the lower overhang of the headless rivet is L1, the upper overhang is L2, and ideally, L1 is L2;
2) selecting matching shims
Selecting a spring seat with the height X closest to L1, wherein if the height X just meets the requirement that L1 is X-a + R-Q, no gasket is needed, otherwise, selecting a gasket with the thickness Y meeting the requirement that L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y;
3) fixing riveting positioning tool
Installing the paired riveting positioning tools on a squeeze riveter, wherein the lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on a squeeze riveter base, and the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on an upper base of the squeeze riveter;
4) additional installation of headless rivets
Lifting the upper riveting positioning tool by hand to enable a sufficient gap to be reserved between two spring seats of the upper riveting positioning tool and the lower riveting positioning tool, and placing a riveting test plate A, a riveting test plate B and a headless rivet; then adjusting the positions of the headless rivet, the riveting test plate A and the riveting test plate B relative to the base of the riveting machine to enable the headless rivet to be coaxial with the base of the riveting machine;
5) controlling riveting positioning tool in place
Slowly controlling the upper body of the squeeze riveter to move downwards so that the bottom end of the upper seat of the squeeze riveter is contacted with the top end of the headless rivet;
continuously controlling the upper body of the squeeze riveter to move downwards to drive the upper seat of the squeeze riveter to move downwards, compressing the spring to transmit the pressure to the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool while the upper seat of the squeeze riveter moves downwards, and transmitting the pressure to the riveting test plate B and the riveting test plate A by the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool and further transmitting the pressure to the spring seat of the lower riveting positioning tool;
6) is riveted with
And when the upper body of the squeeze riveter moves downwards until a proper position or a proper force is reached, stopping maintaining the pressure, and then moving the upper body of the squeeze riveter upwards to complete the riveting of one rivet.
Step 6), when the control mode of the rivet pressing machine is displacement control, judging through a proper position; when the control mode of the riveting press is force control, judging through proper force; the proper position and the proper force enable the diameter and the height of the upset head of the headless rivet after being riveted to meet the requirements of relevant standards or technical conditions.
Repeating the steps 4) -6), and finishing riveting of rivets with the same specification on the same test plate; and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 6), and finishing riveting of rivets with different specifications on the same or different test boards.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
the invention is suitable for pressure riveting of the headless rivet, and can realize the consistency of the outward extension of the headless rivet at the two sides in the initial state and the pressure riveting process through the symmetrically arranged riveting positioning tools, thereby ensuring the consistency of the diameter and the height of the upset heads at the two sides after the pressure riveting of the headless rivet is finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view a of a riveting positioning tool for riveting a headless rivet;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram b of a riveting positioning tool for riveting a headless rivet;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view a of a headless rivet in use for clinching;
fig. 4 is an assembly view b of a headless rivet in use for clinching.
In the figure: 1 a-base A; 2 a-spring A; 3 a-spring seat A; 4 a-clamp spring A; 1B-base B; 2B-spring B; 3B-spring seat B; 4B-clamp spring B; 5-a gasket; 6-riveting machine base; 7-headless rivets; 8-riveting a test plate A; 9-riveting a test plate B; 10-riveting press upper seat; 11-the upper body of the squeeze riveter.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
The utility model provides a headless rivet is with pressure riveting positioning tool for transmit the pressure riveting power at the pressure riveting in-process, compression spring motion, positioning tool includes base, spring holder and jump ring.
The base be tubular structure, install the spring holder on the upper portion of base, the spring holder pass through the jump ring and fixedly link to each other with the base, the both ends of spring are spacing by the bottom and the spring holder of base respectively. The spring seats are processed into a plurality of parts, have different heights X and can be matched with headless rivets 7 with different lengths.
The riveting positioning tools need to be matched in pairs when in use, the two riveting positioning tools used in pairs are arranged oppositely from top to bottom, and the structures are completely consistent. In an initial state, the base of the lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the squeeze riveter base 6, the riveting test plate A8 is placed on the end face of the spring seat of the lower riveting positioning tool, the lower surface of the riveting test plate B9 is in contact with the upper surface of the riveting test plate A8, concentric round holes are drilled in the riveting test plate A8 and the riveting test plate B9 and used for placing the headless rivet 7, and the bottom end of the headless rivet 7 is in contact with the top end of the squeeze riveter base 6. The base of the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the upper squeeze riveter seat 10, due to the action of gravity, the end face of the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool is in contact with the upper surface of the riveting test plate B9, and the upper squeeze riveter body 11 can drive the upper squeeze riveter seat 10 to move together when moving downwards until the bottom end of the upper squeeze riveter seat 10 is in contact with the top end of the headless rivet 7. The squeeze riveter base 6 and the squeeze riveter upper base 10 are the same in length.
The extending amounts of the headless rivets 7 with different diameters are different, namely the extending amounts of the headless rivets 7, namely, the length L1 of the headless rivets 7 protruding out of the riveting test board A8 and the length L2 of the headless rivets 7 protruding out of the riveting test board B9. Gaskets 5 are respectively arranged below the base of the lower riveting positioning tool and between the base of the upper riveting positioning tool and the upper body 11 of the squeeze riveter, and are used for compensating the length of the headless rivet 7, so that L1 is equal to L2.
The overhanging amount L1 of the headless rivet 7 is H + Y-Q, wherein H is the height of the whole riveting positioning tool, Y is the thickness of the gasket 5, and Q is the length of the squeeze riveter base 6;
the height H of the whole riveting positioning tool is X-a + R, wherein X is the height of the spring seat, a is the distance between the bottom end of the spring seat and the upper end of the base, and R is the height of the base;
then L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y where a, R, and Q are fixed values and the overhang amounts L1 and L2 of headless rivet 7 are related only to spring seat height X and spacer 5 thickness Y.
A use method of a riveting and positioning tool for a headless rivet comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the amount of overhang of headless rivet 7
Calculating the overhang amount of the headless rivet 7 according to the total thickness S of the riveting test plate A8 and the riveting test plate B9 and the length L of the headless rivet 7, wherein L is L1+ S + L2; the lower overhang of the headless rivet 7 is L1, the upper overhang is L2, and ideally L1 is L2.
(2) Selecting matching pads 5
Since L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y, and the distance a from the bottom end of the spring seat to the upper end of the base, the height R of the base and the length Q of the squeeze riveter base 6 are fixed values, the outward extension L1 of the headless rivet 7 is only related to the height X of the spring seat and the thickness Y of the washer 5. The spring seat with the height X closest to L1 is selected, and if L1 ═ X-a + R-Q is just met, then no shim 5 is needed, otherwise shim 5 with the thickness Y meeting L1 ═ X-a + R-Q + Y is selected.
(3) Fixing riveting positioning tool
And (3) installing the paired riveting positioning tools on a squeeze riveter, wherein the lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the squeeze riveter base 6, and the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the squeeze riveter upper base 10.
(4) Attaching headless rivets 7
And (3) lifting the upper riveting positioning tool by hand, enabling a sufficient gap to exist between two spring seats of the upper riveting positioning tool and the lower riveting positioning tool, placing a riveting test plate A8, a riveting test plate B9 and a headless rivet 7, and adjusting the positions of the headless rivet 7, the riveting test plate A8 and the riveting test plate B9 relative to the squeeze riveter base 6, so that the headless rivet 7 is coaxial with the squeeze riveter base 6.
(5) Controlling riveting positioning tool in place
Slowly controlling the upper body 11 of the squeeze riveter to move downwards so that the bottom end of the upper seat 10 of the squeeze riveter is contacted with the top end of the headless rivet 7;
the upper machine body 11 of the squeeze riveter is continuously controlled to move downwards, the upper seat 10 of the squeeze riveter is driven to move downwards, the upper seat 10 of the squeeze riveter can compress a spring to transmit pressure to a spring seat of an upper riveting positioning tool while moving downwards, the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool can transmit the pressure to a riveting test plate B9 and a riveting test plate A8, and then the pressure is transmitted to a spring seat of a lower riveting positioning tool. Because the riveting positioning tool is used in pairs, the initial compression amount of the upper spring and the lower spring is consistent, the rigidity of the springs is large enough, and the compression of each part of the riveting positioning tool on the upper spring and the lower spring can be ignored.
(6) Is riveted with
And when the upper machine body 11 of the squeeze riveter moves downwards until a proper position or a proper force is reached, stopping maintaining the pressure, and then moving the upper machine body 11 of the squeeze riveter upwards to complete the riveting of one rivet. When the control mode of the riveting press is displacement control, judging through a proper position; and when the control mode of the riveting press is force control, judging by proper force. The proper position and the proper force are that the diameter and the height of the upset head of the headless rivet 7 after riveting can meet the requirements of relevant standards or technical conditions.
And (5) repeating the steps (4) to (6) to finish the riveting of the rivets with the same specification on the same test board.
And (5) repeating the steps (1) to (6) to finish the riveting of rivets with different specifications on the same or different test boards.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the clinch riveting positioning tool for headless rivets comprises a base A1a, a spring A2a, a spring seat A3a and a snap spring A4 a.
A spring A2a is arranged inside the base A1a, and the outer diameter of the spring A2a is smaller than the inner diameter of the base A1 a. A spring seat A3a is installed on the inner wall of the upper part of the base A1a, and a spring seat A3a is positioned through a snap spring A4 a. Two ends of the spring A2a are limited by the bottom end of the base A1a and the spring seat A3a respectively.
As shown in FIG. 3, the spring seats A3a of the same two positioning tools are positioned opposite one another in use.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the clinch riveting positioning tool for headless rivets comprises a base B1B, a spring B2B, a spring seat B3B and a snap spring B4B.
A spring B2B is arranged outside the base B1B, and the inner diameter of the spring B2B is larger than the outer diameter of the base B1B. A spring seat B3B is mounted on the outer wall of the upper part of the base B1B, and a spring seat B3B is positioned through a snap spring B4B. Two ends of the spring B2B are limited by the bottom end of the base B1B and the spring seat B3B respectively.
As shown in FIG. 4, the spring seats B3B of the same two positioning tools are positioned opposite one another in use.

Claims (3)

1. The use method of the pressure riveting and riveting positioning tool for the headless rivet is characterized by comprising the following steps: the riveting positioning tool comprises a base, a spring seat and a clamp spring;
the base is of a cylindrical structure, a spring seat is mounted at the upper part of the base, and the spring seat is connected with the base through a clamp spring;
the two ends of the spring are limited by the bottom end of the base and the spring seat respectively;
the riveting positioning tools are matched in pairs, and the two riveting positioning tools used in pairs are arranged up and down oppositely, so that the structures are completely consistent;
in an initial state, a base of a lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on a riveting machine base (6), a riveting test plate A (8) is placed on the end face of a spring seat of the lower riveting positioning tool, the lower surface of a riveting test plate B (9) is in contact with the upper surface of the riveting test plate A (8), concentric round holes are drilled in the riveting test plate A (8) and the riveting test plate B (9) and used for placing headless rivets (7), and the bottom ends of the headless rivets (7) are in contact with the top end of the riveting machine base (6);
the base of the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on the upper seat (10) of the squeeze riveter, the end face of a spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool is contacted with the upper surface of a riveting test plate B (9), and the upper body (11) of the squeeze riveter can drive the upper seat (10) of the squeeze riveter to move together when moving downwards until the bottom end of the upper seat (10) of the squeeze riveter is contacted with the top end of a headless rivet (7);
the squeeze riveter base (6) and the squeeze riveter upper base (10) are the same in length;
the extending amounts of the headless rivets (7) with different diameters are different, and the extending amounts of the headless rivets (7) are the length L1 of the headless rivets (7) protruding out of a riveting test plate A (8) and the length L2 of the headless rivets (7) protruding out of a riveting test plate B (9);
gaskets (5) are respectively arranged below the base of the lower riveting positioning tool and between the base of the upper riveting positioning tool and the upper body (11) of the squeeze riveter, and are used for compensating the length of a headless rivet (7), so that L1 is L2;
a plurality of spring seats are processed, have different heights X and can be matched with headless rivets (7) with different lengths;
the extending amount L1 of the headless rivet (7) is H + Y-Q, wherein H is the height of the whole riveting positioning tool, Y is the thickness of the gasket (5), and Q is the length of the squeeze riveter base (6);
the height H of the whole riveting positioning tool is X-a + R, wherein X is the height of the spring seat, a is the distance between the bottom end of the spring seat and the upper end of the base, and R is the height of the base;
then L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y, wherein a, R and Q are fixed values, and the outward extension amounts L1 and L2 of the headless rivet (7) are only related to the height X of the spring seat and the thickness Y of the gasket (5);
the using method comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the overhang of a headless rivet (7)
Calculating the overhanging amount of the headless rivet (7) according to the total thickness S of the riveting test plate A (8) and the riveting test plate B (9) and the length L of the headless rivet (7), wherein L is L1+ S + L2; wherein the lower overhang of the headless rivet (7) is L1, the upper overhang is L2, and ideally, L1 is L2;
2) selecting matching pad (5)
Selecting a spring seat with the height X closest to L1, wherein if the height X just meets the requirement that L1 is X-a + R-Q, a gasket (5) is not needed, otherwise, selecting a gasket (5) with the thickness Y meeting the requirement that L1 is X-a + R-Q + Y;
3) fixing riveting positioning tool
Installing the paired riveting positioning tools on a squeeze riveter, wherein the lower riveting positioning tool is sleeved on a squeeze riveter base (6), and the upper riveting positioning tool is sleeved on an upper squeeze riveter base (10);
4) additional arrangement of headless rivet (7)
Lifting the upper riveting positioning tool by hand to enable a sufficient gap to be reserved between two spring seats of the upper riveting positioning tool and the lower riveting positioning tool, and placing a riveting test plate A (8), a riveting test plate B (9) and a headless rivet (7); then adjusting the positions of the headless rivet (7), the riveting test plate A (8) and the riveting test plate B (9) relative to the squeeze riveter base (6) to enable the headless rivet (7) to be coaxial with the squeeze riveter base (6);
5) controlling riveting positioning tool in place
The upper machine body (11) of the squeeze riveter is slowly controlled to move downwards, so that the bottom end of the upper seat (10) of the squeeze riveter is contacted with the top end of the headless rivet (7);
continuously controlling the upper body (11) of the riveting press to move downwards to drive the upper seat (10) of the riveting press to move downwards, compressing the spring to transmit the pressure to the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool while the upper seat (10) of the riveting press moves downwards, transmitting the pressure to the riveting test plate B (9) and the riveting test plate A (8) by the spring seat of the upper riveting positioning tool, and further transmitting the pressure to the spring seat of the lower riveting positioning tool;
6) is riveted with
And when the upper body (11) of the squeeze riveter moves downwards until reaching a proper position or a proper force, stopping maintaining the pressure, and then moving the upper body (11) of the squeeze riveter upwards to complete the riveting of one rivet.
2. The method of using a clinch-riveting positioning tool for a headless rivet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step 6), when the control mode of the rivet pressing machine is displacement control, judging through a proper position; when the control mode of the riveting press is force control, judging through proper force; the proper position and the proper force are that the diameter and the height of the upset head of the headless rivet (7) after riveting can meet the requirements of related standards or technical conditions.
3. The method of using a clinch-riveting positioning tool for a headless rivet as claimed in claim 2, wherein: repeating the steps 4) -6), and finishing riveting of rivets with the same specification on the same test plate; and (5) repeating the steps 1) to 6), and finishing riveting of rivets with different specifications on the same or different test boards.
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CN112958741B (en) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-02 西安爱生技术集团公司 Handheld electromagnetic riveting device and method for headless rivet

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