CN109317255B

CN109317255B - Processing accessory for processing water-based suspended fiber material

Info

Publication number: CN109317255B
Application number: CN201811464166.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M.施密德; J.赫克特
Original assignee: Voith Patent GmbH
Current assignee: Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date: 2015-04-24
Filing date: 2016-02-22
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2036-02-22
Also published as: CN107530707B; CN109317253A; CA2983614A1; BR112017022574A2; EP3398683A1; KR20170139156A; EP3398682B1; DE102015207536A1; EP3285931A1; CN109317255A; CN109317254B; EP3398684A1; EP3398684B1; CA2983614C; WO2016169672A1; BR112017022574B1; CN109317253B; EP3398682A1; CN107530707A; EP3398683B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a fitting (2, 3) for processing a water-based suspension fibre material (1) in a processing gap (4), said fitting being formed from a base body (5) having processing elements (6) directed towards the processing gap (4). In order to reduce the manufacturing effort, it is provided that the machining element (6) is coated at least partially layer-by-layer with a liquid or solid material, and a physical or chemical hardening or melting process is carried out.

Description

Processing accessory for processing water-based suspended fiber material

The application is entitled processing accessory for processing water-based suspended fiber material, and the application date is as follows: 2016, 2/22/application No.: 201680023864.2 patent application for inventions.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fitting for processing water-based suspension fibre material in a processing gap which is delimited by two processing surfaces which rotate relative to one another and which are formed by the fitting, which fitting is formed by a base body which has elongate processing elements which are directed toward the processing gap and which extend radially with at least one direction component, and which fitting is produced according to the method according to the invention.

Background

Such fittings should be suitable for mechanical processing of suspended fibrous materials. It is therefore preferred to grind the paper fibers, separate the dirt and fibers, and impregnate, i.e., dissolve, the fiber clusters. The fitting is installed, for example, in a grinding machine (so-called refiner). The suspension here has a solids content of approximately 2-8% in the refiner. Similar material densities are decomposed (entsatipper). In machines for higher material densities, for example, high-consistency mills, dispersers or stirrers are involved.

The mechanical processing carried out therein may involve the entire fibrous material, i.e. the impurities contained therein are dispersed.

Such machines have at least one rotor and at least one stator, which either have a disk-shaped face or have a conical face, on which a fitting is mounted such that a machining gap can be formed between them. Many fittings have tabs and recesses on the machining face, and are therefore also referred to as "tool fittings". The other fitting has the shape of a toothed ring.

In addition to the shape of such webs, grooves and teeth, a material is also known, from which the webs, grooves and teeth consist, which plays a role in the processing of the fiber material.

The fittings are subject to wear and must therefore be replaced at defined intervals. Furthermore, grinding over the service life may lead to a change in the processing result.

A large part of the operating costs in the mechanical processing of fiber material in the pulp and paper industry is the energy costs. Therefore, there is always a need to design and operate the fitting and the machine used in such a way that (depending on the desired effect) no high energy expenditure is required.

It will therefore be appreciated that considerable expenditure is required for developing the fitting, which involves the design of the shape and the choice of material.

In order to reduce the manufacturing effort of the fitting, it is proposed in DE 102004016661 a1, for example, to form the fitting from a plurality of elements and then to weld or braze the elements to one another.

The tool surface of the fitting known from FR 2707677 a1, which is coated with abrasive by means of a laser, is coated with abrasive.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to increase the degree of freedom of design in such fittings with an economically advantageous effort.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the processing element is coated at least in regions with a liquid or solid material layer by layer, and a physical or chemical hardening process or melting process is carried out in this case.

By layer-by-layer application, the material and shape of the processing element can be adapted more simply and widely to the specific requirements.

In this case, it is advantageous if the core of the processing element is connected in one piece to the base body, and at least one outer part of the processing element is coated with a liquid or solid material layer by layer, and a physical or chemical hardening process or melting process is carried out in this case.

In this way, the processing element can be provided with a wear layer. The color of the core is less compatible with the color of the outer part of the processing element, so that the reaching of the wear boundary can be inferred by a color change.

Regeneration of worn fittings can also be achieved by applying a wear layer.

The core of the machining element not only serves as a connection to the base body, but also reduces the use of wear resistant materials that are required and in most cases more expensive.

However, if the arrangement and design of the processing elements is to provide more space, it is advantageous if the processing elements are jointly coated layer by layer with a liquid or solid material and a physical or chemical hardening or melting process is carried out in this case.

A general purpose substrate may also be used.

Since the materials applied layer by layer are in most cases expensive, other inexpensive materials can be used for the substrate.

Because of the high load of such machines for grinding, dispersing or disintegrating fibre materials, the layer-by-layer applied material is in powder form and/or comprises one or more metals or metal compounds.

It is advantageous here for the layer-by-layer applied material to be sintered or fused by means of a laser.

Ceramic layers are also manufactured in this way.

The material of the production method according to the invention can be selected according to a specific arrangement, so that at least some, preferably all, surfaces of the machining element, which are each formed by two side surfaces and an upper side located between the two side surfaces and directed toward the machining gap, are formed from a material that differs from the material of the base body. The machining element can thus be designed to be very wear-resistant with a minimum of expensive materials, such as tungsten carbide.

Since the processing elements are usually subjected to higher loads on the base body, at least a plurality of, preferably all, the processing elements are made of a material different from the material of the base body, in particular in common.

By selecting the material, but in particular by applying it layer by layer, it is also possible for at least the upper side of the machining element, which is directed toward the machining gap, to form a contour, which improves the fibrillation of the fibers.

In this case, it is advantageous if the contour of the upper side of the processing element is formed by recesses which are delimited by webs extending between them and on the edge of the upper side also by webs forming part of the side faces of the processing element.

Since such a contour is subjected to high loads during rotation of the processing surface or during processing of the fiber suspension, at least along one side of the processing element, which is preferably oriented in the direction of rotation in the rotating processing surface and in the fixed processing surface opposite to the direction of rotation (of the other rotating processing surface), the webs have a greater width than the webs extending between the recesses. The overall protection of the contour can be ensured independently of the direction of rotation by the webs forming part of the side surfaces having a greater width along both side surfaces of the processing element than the webs extending between the recesses.

In terms of an advantageous production method, it is particularly advantageous for the sake of simplicity that at least the outer region of the machining element located below the contour is completely filled with the respective material to a thickness of at least 2mm, preferably at least 4mm, wherein the thickness of the material is greater in the section with the overlying web than in the section with the overlying recess. This enables a planar, layer-by-layer application of the, in particular, powdery material over the entire cross section of the machining element, wherein the applied material is then subjected to a melting process, preferably by means of a laser, only or, in particular, strongly in the region of the webs.

If the contour of the processing element is stripped off as a result of wear, material is also constantly released or separated from the recess, so that a defined contour depth is ensured over a long service life. Since the loose material has a lower amount compared to the amount of fibers to be processed, it is not important for the processing of the fiber material.

Alternatively or additionally, it is also advantageous if the course of extension of the webs changes at least in places perpendicularly to the upper side of the processing element. In this way, a depression below the upper side of the processing element is achieved, which is initially opened by continuous wear against the upper side, as a result of which the depression is effectively continuously worn away by the fibrous or fine material and the stability of the processing element is increased.

In general, the processing machines used for producing fiber material have a circular or circular processing surface which is assembled from a plurality of components. In this respect, the advantage of the production method according to the invention is particularly shown in terms of production feasibility and economy in that the base body has the shape of a sector or a circular segment and the product of the circular arc angle (in °) and the circular diameter (in cm) is greater than 6000, preferably greater than 6500. The production process according to the invention makes it possible to achieve larger fittings and thus to avoid the number of fittings per machining surface, which improves the uniformity of the machining. The circular diameter of the base body is between 35 and 150 cm.

In contrast to the conventional casting of fittings until now, the thickness of the base body can be reduced by the method according to the invention, and the material requirements and the weight are thereby also reduced. It is particularly advantageous here if the thickness of the base body is less than the height of the processing element, and in particular less than 85%, preferably less than 75%, of the height of the processing element. It is not to be considered in terms of the thickness of the base body, for example for fixing in a housing or the like, to maintain a locally defined thickening.

By using a material that is very wear-resistant, the height of the machining element from the base body can be reduced at the same operating time, which further simplifies the layer-by-layer application of the machining element. The idle power of the machine is thereby reduced, wherein a smaller height of the machining elements is advantageous.

The height of the processing element is thus at least partially, preferably entirely, less than 5mm, preferably less than 4 mm.

In order to increase the machining effect, the production method according to the invention makes it possible to achieve very narrow machining elements and also to achieve a small distance between adjacent machining elements, in contrast to the hitherto conventional casting. The processing elements thereby have an elongated cross-sectional shape parallel to the base surface and at least partially, preferably entirely, have a width of 0.1 to 5mm, in particular 0.1 to 1mm, and/or the distance between adjacent processing elements is at least partially, preferably entirely, between 0.1 to 5mm, in particular 0.1 to 2 mm.

It is also advantageous if the radius at the transition between the base body and the processing element is less than 1mm, preferably less than 0.3mm, and the processing element can have no profile slope. This results in a larger open groove surface, a better transport effect of the fitting and ideal utilization of the machining surface.

The method according to the invention can also be used here to realize undercuts in the machining element. It is thereby advantageous, for example, for at least one side face of the machining element to be inclined relative to a perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the machining surface. In order to produce a conveying effect for the fiber material to be processed, the side of the processing element pointing in the direction of rotation in the rotating processing surface is inclined counter to the direction of rotation with respect to the perpendicular to the direction of rotation.

In order to achieve a desired arrangement of the processing elements, it is often advantageous if the elongate processing elements extend at least in sections in a non-linear manner, i.e. are curved or have bends. The connection to the inclined side can also be achieved here by an advantageous production method.

Drawings

The invention is illustrated below with reference to a number of examples.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1: a cross-sectional view of the polishing apparatus;

FIG. 2: top view of the fittings 2, 3 of the grinding device;

FIGS. 3 to 6: partial section views of the different fittings 2, 3;

FIGS. 7 to 9: top views of two different processing elements 6.

Detailed Description

According to fig. 1, in the housing of the grinding device, the machining gap 4 is formed by a grinding surface which is fixed and connected to the housing and a grinding surface which rotates about the axis of rotation 15. The two annular grinding surfaces (machining surfaces) extend parallel to one another, wherein the distance between the two grinding surfaces can be adjusted in most cases.

The rotating grinding surface is moved in the direction of rotation by a shaft 16 which is mounted rotatably in the housing. The shaft 16 is driven by a drive also provided in the housing.

The fibre suspension 1 to be ground enters the machining gap 4 between the two grinding surfaces through the centre via an inlet in the embodiment shown. However, the input can also be effected through an opening in the fitting.

The fibre suspension 1 passes radially outwards through the co-acting abrasive surface and leaves the adjacent annular space through the outlet. Known means are not shown, by means of which a force is generated, by means of which the two abrasive surfaces are pressed against one another.

The two grinding surfaces are each formed by a plurality of grinding fittings 2, 3 according to fig. 2 in the form of a segment or ring segment, which grinding fittings 2, 3 each extend over a circumferential section of the respective grinding surface.

Arranged side by side in the circumferential direction, a fixed abrasive surface is obtained by the fitting 2 and a rotating abrasive surface is obtained by the other fitting 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the fittings 2, 3 each consist of a base plate 5 having a plurality of substantially radially extending, strip-shaped processing elements 6 and recesses 9 between the processing elements 6.

The cross-section of the machining element 6, also called tool, is generally rectangular as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, but other shapes are possible among them. Thus, according to fig. 5a-c, one or both side faces 18 of the processing element 6, which side faces extend generally approximately perpendicularly to the direction of rotation 17 of the grinding surface, can also be inclined towards or against the direction of rotation 17. When, as shown in fig. 5a-c, in the rotating grinding surface, the side 18 of the processing element 6 facing the direction of rotation 17 is inclined opposite the direction of rotation 17 with respect to the perpendicular to the direction of rotation 17, a transport effect is thereby produced in the processing gap 4 and the fiber handling capacity is thereby also increased. According to fig. 5c, both sides of the processing element 6 are inclined in the same direction. Since the upper region of the processing element 6 is subject to greater wear, in order to reinforce the upper region of the processing element 6 in particular, the side 18 pointing opposite the direction of rotation 17 can be inclined opposite the direction of rotation 17 according to fig. 5a or, as shown in fig. 5b, extend perpendicular to the direction of rotation 17. The choice of the inclination of the side surfaces 18 is not limited, however, and can be effected as desired, for example also in fixed abrasive surfaces.

Parallel to the base plate 5, the machining element 6 has an elongated cross-sectional shape, wherein the upper side of the machining element 6 pointing toward the machining gap 4 extends generally parallel to the outer side of the base plate 5. In order to optimize its arrangement and effect, the machining element 6 extends generally at least in radial sections in a non-linear, i.e. curved, wavy or bent manner as shown in fig. 2. This also applies in connection with the following production method to the inclined side faces 18.

In order to reduce the production costs of the fittings 2, 3, only the machining elements 6 of the fittings are coated with a liquid or solid material at least in regions layer by layer, and a physical or chemical hardening process or melting process is carried out. This means that the materials can be selected according to specific requirements and requirements. In particular, the base body 5 can thus be cast from inexpensive metal and have the same shape for differently designed fittings 2, 3. The substrate 5 may even be reused. Since the basic body 5 is not subjected to great wear during operation, no special requirements are made on its wear resistance.

In contrast, the machining element 6 is subjected to greater wear, so that at least some of the surfaces of the machining element 6, which are each formed by the two side surfaces 18 and the upper side lying therebetween facing the machining gap 4, are to be made of a wear-resistant material that differs from the material of the basic body 5.

Owing to the extremely high stresses on the machine used for processing the fiber material 1, it is particularly suitable for applying a powdery material comprising a ceramic or one or more metals or metal compounds layer by layer. The layer-by-layer applied material can subsequently be sintered or fused after each layer by means of a laser.

In fig. 3 and 5, the arrangement of the processing elements 6 on the base body 5 is selected as required.

Thus, all the processing elements 6 can be composed entirely of one material, which differs from the material of the base body 5. As a result, the processing elements 6 can be jointly coated layer by layer with a liquid or solid material and a physical or chemical hardening process or melting process can be carried out there.

In contrast, in fig. 4 and 6, the processing elements 6 each have a core 7 which is integrally connected to the base body 5. Although this provides for an arrangement of the machining element 6, on the other hand, a very secure fastening of the machining element 6 to the base body 5 is also ensured by the core 7. Accordingly, only the outer region of the machining element 6 is coated with a liquid or solid material layer by layer and a physical or chemical hardening or melting process is carried out in this case.

In fig. 4, the entire outer surface of the machining element 6 is produced layer by layer, whereas in fig. 6 it is produced layer by layer only on the outer side 19 pointing towards the machining gap 4.

As the outer wear layer, tungsten carbide is suitable here, for example, for layer-by-layer construction, wherein a wear layer thickness of 1mm is sufficient in most cases.

Since the material applied layer by layer is usually also different in color from the material of the base body 5, complete flaking of the material applied layer by layer, which occurs on the upper side 19 of the machining element 6 pointing toward the machining gap 4, can be easily detected. This applies above all to a machining element 6 having a core 7, which core 7 is particularly well suited for the regeneration of worn machining elements 6.

In order to improve the fibrillation of the fibers, at least the upper side 19 of the processing element 6, which is directed toward the processing gap 4, is designed as a profile. The contour essentially comprises recesses 20 on the upper side 19, which recesses are delimited by webs 21 extending between the recesses 20 and on the edge of the upper side 19 by webs 22 forming part of the side face 18 of the processing element 6. In fig. 7 and 9, the recess 20 is constituted by a slit opened toward the working gap 4, and in fig. 8 is constituted by an opened honeycomb. Because of the greater stresses to which the contour is subjected, the webs 22 in fig. 8 have a greater width along the side 18 of the processing element 6 than the further webs 21 which extend in particular between the recesses 20. The reinforcing webs 21 are located on the side facing in the direction of rotation 17 in the rotating grinding surface and on the side facing opposite the direction of rotation 17 (of the opposite, rotating grinding surface) in the fixed grinding surface.

In contrast, in fig. 7 the webs 22 have a greater width along both sides 18 of the processing element 6 than the webs 21 extending between the recesses 20.

In this case, the outer region of the processing element 6 lying below the contour is completely filled with the corresponding material by a thickness of at least 4mm, wherein the thickness of this material in the section with the overlying

webs

21, 22 is greater than the thickness of the section with the overlying recess 20. In fig. 3b, the thickness difference extends, for example, over a substantial part of the processing element 6, whereas in fig. 6b the thickness difference extends down to the core 7. This simplifies the production, since the powdered material for the machining element 6 no longer needs to be applied precisely only to the

webs

21, 22, but rather can also be applied in the region of the overlying recess 20 facing the machining gap 4. However, the subsequent sintering of the material after the application of each layer is carried out as far as possible only in the region of the overlying

webs

21, 22 facing the machining gap 4. The fused portion of the material is relatively hard and wear resistant, while this portion is not porous or only slightly porous relative to the laser treated portion of the material. As the contour continues to wear, the porous material is removed, which leads to a strengthening of the original recess 20. As a result, the fittings 2, 3 can maintain a long service life.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment in which the extension of the

webs

21, 22 changes perpendicular to the upper side 19 of the processing element 6. As the wear progresses to erode the contour, new recesses 20 open up here. In particular, the machining element 6 is formed here from a plurality of layers arranged one above the other in the direction of the grinding machining gap 4, wherein the webs 21 of the layers extend substantially beyond the slot-like recesses 20 of the layer lying above. In this way, the effect of the contour can be ensured even at longer operating times.

Since the entire fitting 2, 3 is no longer cast, the thickness 11 of the base body 5 can also be smaller than the height 10 of the machining element 6, which is advantageous for the weight and the handling of the fitting 2, 3. This likewise allows the angle of the circle arc (Segmentwinkel) of the fittings 2, 3 to be greater than the rest, so that the product of the angle of the circle arc (in °) and the diameter of the circle (in cm) is greater than 6000, preferably greater than 6500. The circular diameter of the base body 5 is between 35 and 150 cm.

The height 10 of the processing elements 6 is, for example, less than 5mm, the width 12 of the processing elements 6 is between 0.1 and 1mm, and the distance 13 between adjacent processing elements 6 is between 0.1 and 2 mm. Furthermore, the new production direction makes it possible to produce smaller radii 14 of less than 0.3mm in the transition region between the base body 5 and the processing element 6, which is advantageous for the conveying effect.

Claims

1. Fitting (2, 3) for processing a water-based suspension fiber material (1) in a processing gap (4), the processing gap (4) being delimited by two processing surfaces rotating relative to one another and formed by the fitting (2, 3), the fitting being formed by a base body (5) having a processing element (6) which is directed toward the processing gap (4), is elongate and extends radially with at least one direction component, wherein the processing element (6) is coated at least in regions layer-by-layer with a liquid or solid material and a physical or chemical hardening or melting process is carried out there, wherein at least in regions surfaces of the processing element (6) are formed by a material which is different from the material of the base body (5), the surfaces being formed in each case by two side surfaces (18) and an upper side (19) located between the two side surfaces and directed toward the processing gap (4), characterized in that at least the upper side (19) of the machining element (6) that is directed toward the machining gap (4) has a contour that is formed by recesses (20) that are bounded by webs (21) extending between the recesses and also by webs (22) forming part of the side faces (18) of the machining element (6) on the edges, and in that the outer region of the machining element (6) located below the contour is completely filled with a corresponding material with a thickness of at least 2mm, wherein the material has a greater thickness in the section with the overlying webs (21, 22) than in the section with the overlying recesses (20).

2. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a number of the machining elements (6) are jointly composed of a material different from the material of the basic body (5).

3. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the webs (22) forming part of the side faces (18) of the machining element (6) have a greater width at least along one side face (18) of the machining element (6) than the webs (21) extending between the recesses (20), the side faces (18) of the machining element (6) being directed in the direction of rotation (17) in the rotating machining face and being directed opposite to the direction of rotation (17) in the fixed machining face.

4. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, along both sides (18) of the processing element (6), the tabs (22) forming part of the sides (18) of the processing element (6) have a greater width than the tabs (21) extending between the recesses (20).

5. The fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer region of the processing element (6) located below the contour is completely filled with the respective material with a thickness of at least 4mm, wherein the material has a greater thickness in the section with the overlying webs (21, 22) than in the section with the overlying recesses (20).

6. The fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the course of extension of the webs (21, 22) varies at least in places perpendicularly to the upper side (19) of the processing element (6).

7. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base body (5) has the shape of a sector or a circular ring segment and that the product of the circular arc angle (8) in degrees and the circular diameter in cm is greater than 6000.

8. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness (11) of the base body (5) is smaller than the height (10) of the processing element (6).

9. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height (10) of the processing element (6) is at least locally less than 5 mm.

10. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elongate processing element (6) has, at least in sections, a width (12) of 0.1 to 5 mm.

11. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the radius (14) of the transition between the basic body (5) and the processing element (6) is less than 1 mm.

12. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one side surface (18) of the machining element (6) is inclined with respect to a perpendicular to the direction of rotation (17) of the machining surface.

13. The fitting according to claim 12, characterized in that in the rotating machining surface the side (18) of the machining element (6) pointing in the direction of rotation (17) is inclined counter to the direction of rotation (17) with respect to a perpendicular to the direction of rotation (17).

14. A fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elongate processing element (6) extends at least partially non-linearly.

15. The fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire surface of the processing element (6) consists of a material different from the material of the base body (5).

16. A fitting according to claim 2, characterized in that all the machining elements (6) are jointly composed of a material different from the material of the basic body (5).

17. A fitting according to claim 7, characterized in that the product of the circular arc angle (8) in degrees and the circular diameter in cm is greater than 6500.

18. Fitting according to claim 9, characterized in that the height (10) of the processing element (6) is at least partially less than 4 mm.

19. Fitting according to claim 9, characterized in that the height (10) of the processing element (6) is less than 5mm as a whole.

20. Fitting according to claim 9, characterized in that the height (10) of the processing element (6) is less than 4mm overall.

21. Fitting according to claim 10, characterized in that the elongate processing element (6) has a width (12) of 0.1 to 5mm as a whole.

22. Fitting according to claim 10, characterized in that the elongate processing element (6) has at least in sections a width (12) of 0.1 to 1 mm.

23. Fitting according to claim 10, characterized in that the elongate processing element (6) has a width (12) of 0.1 to 1mm as a whole.

24. Fitting according to claim 11, characterized in that the radius (14) of the transition between the basic body (5) and the machining element (6) is less than 0.3 mm.