CN109309513A - An Adaptive Reconstruction Method for Power Line Communication Signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信领域，特别是指一种电力线通信信号自适应重构方法。The invention relates to the field of communications, in particular to a method for adaptive reconstruction of power line communication signals.
背景技术Background technique
电力线通信(Power Line Communications，PLC)，相比各种有线通信技术，有着无需重新布线、易于组网等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。电力线通信技术分为窄带电力线通信(Narrowband over power line，NPL)和宽带电力线通信(Broadband over power line，BPL)。窄带电力线通信是指带宽限定在3k～500kHz的电力线载波通信技术。包括欧洲CENELEC的规定带宽(3～148.5kHz)，美国联邦通讯委员会(FCC)的规定带宽(9～490kHz)，日本无线工业及商贸联合会(Association of Radio Industries and Businesses，ARIB)的规定带宽(9～450kHz)，和中国的规定带宽(3～500kHz)。窄带电力线通信技术多采用单载波调制技术，如PSK技术，DSSS技术和线性调频Chirp等技术，通信速率小于1Mbits/s。宽带电力线通信技术指带宽限定在1.6～30MHz之间、通信速率通常在1Mbps以上的电力线载波通信技术，采用以正交频分复用(OFDM)为核心的多种扩频通信技术。Compared with various wired communication technologies, power line communication (Power Line Communications, PLC) has the advantages of no rewiring and easy networking, and has broad application prospects. Power line communication technology is divided into narrowband power line communication (Narrowband over power line, NPL) and broadband power line communication (Broadband over power line, BPL). Narrowband power line communication refers to the power line carrier communication technology whose bandwidth is limited to 3k ~ 500kHz. Including the specified bandwidth of European CENELEC (3-148.5kHz), the specified bandwidth of the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) (9-490kHz), and the specified bandwidth of Japan Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) ( 9 to 450kHz), and China's specified bandwidth (3 to 500kHz). Narrowband power line communication technology mostly adopts single carrier modulation technology, such as PSK technology, DSSS technology and Chirp and other technologies, and the communication rate is less than 1Mbits/s. Broadband power line communication technology refers to a power line carrier communication technology with a bandwidth limited between 1.6 and 30 MHz and a communication rate usually above 1 Mbps, using a variety of spread spectrum communication technologies centered on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).
虽然电力线通信系统有着广泛的应用，且技术相对成熟，但是相对于光纤等通信系统，PLC信号通过中低压电力网络进行传输，电力网络结构复杂，分支众多，尤其是电力网络并不是为传输高频通信信号而设，电力网络中繁杂的电器设备会严重干扰PLC信号，不可避免地造成PLC信号传输错误，会造成较为严重的数据缺失。Although the power line communication system has a wide range of applications and the technology is relatively mature, compared with communication systems such as optical fibers, PLC signals are transmitted through the medium and low voltage power network. The power network has a complex structure and many branches, especially the power network is not designed to transmit high frequency It is designed for communication signals. The complicated electrical equipment in the power network will seriously interfere with the PLC signal, which will inevitably cause PLC signal transmission errors and cause serious data loss.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，以解决现有技术所存在的PLC信号通过中低压电力网络进行传输，存在数据缺失的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method to solve the problem of data loss in the prior art when PLC signals are transmitted through a medium and low voltage power network.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，包括：To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive reconstruction method for a power line communication signal, including:
采集电力线通信信号序列，将其转换为信号矩阵；Collect the power line communication signal sequence and convert it into a signal matrix;
根据转换得到的信号矩阵，构建变换算子矩阵；According to the converted signal matrix, construct the transformation operator matrix;
构建测量矩阵；Build a measurement matrix;
根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度；According to the obtained transformation operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix, iteratively update the signal matrix until the current iteration number is equal to the length of the power line communication signal sequence;
将当前得到的信号矩阵进行转换，生成没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列。Convert the currently obtained signal matrix to generate a power line communication signal sequence without missing data.
进一步地，所述采集电力线通信信号序列，将其转换为信号矩阵包括：Further, the collecting the power line communication signal sequence and converting it into a signal matrix includes:
采集电力线通信信号序列pori＝[P1,P2,…,PN]，其中，N为电力线通信信号序列的长度；Collect the power line communication signal sequence p ori =[P 1 , P 2 ,...,P N ], where N is the length of the power line communication signal sequence;
按照电力线通信信号序列的先后次序，将电力线通信信号序列分为NR段，每段含有NC个数据，其中，符号表示上取整；According to the sequence of the power line communication signal sequence, the power line communication signal sequence is divided into NR segments, each segment contains NC pieces of data, Among them, the symbol Indicates rounded up;
如果N<NR×NC，则将最后一段不足的部分补零；If N<N R ×N C , then fill in the missing part of the last paragraph with zeros;
将分段后的数据重新排列为矩阵的形式，一段数据为一行，得到信号矩阵 Rearrange the segmented data into the form of a matrix, a segment of data is a row, and get a signal matrix
进一步地，所述根据转换得到的信号矩阵，构建变换算子矩阵包括：Further, according to the signal matrix obtained by conversion, constructing the transformation operator matrix includes:
将信号矩阵转换为二维信号；the signal matrix Convert to a two-dimensional signal;
确定二维信号的信号变换算子；Determine the signal transformation operator of the two-dimensional signal;
将信号变换算子转换为矩阵形式，得到变换算子矩阵。Convert the signal transform operator to matrix form to get the transform operator matrix.
进一步地，转换后得到的二维信号为：Further, the two-dimensional signal obtained after conversion is:
nr＝1,2,…,NR n r =1,2,...,N R
nc＝1,2,…,NC n c =1,2,...,N C
其中，表示二维信号，表示信号矩阵的第nr行、第nc列元素。in, represents a two-dimensional signal, Represents the signal matrix The n r row and n c column elements of .
进一步地，信号变换算子表示为：Further, the signal transformation operator is expressed as:
其中，表示信号变换算子，表示参量；为域中的权重函数，自变量为为域中的权重函数，自变量为上标i表示虚数单位。in, represents the signal transformation operator, represents a parameter; for The weight function in the domain, the independent variables are for The weight function in the domain, the independent variables are The superscript i represents the imaginary unit.
进一步地，变换算子矩阵表示为：Further, the transformation operator matrix is expressed as:
其中，D表示变换算子矩阵；公式表示变换算子矩阵D中，第nr行、第nc列的元素是D为NR×NC维矩阵。Among them, D represents the transformation operator matrix; the formula Indicates that in the transformation operator matrix D, the elements of the n r row and the n c column are D is an N R ×N C -dimensional matrix.
进一步地，构建的测量矩阵的形式为：Further, the form of the constructed measurement matrix is:
其中，R表示测量矩阵；I为单位矩阵；0为零矩阵。Among them, R represents the measurement matrix; I is the identity matrix; 0 is the zero matrix.
进一步地，所述根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度包括：Further, according to the obtained transformation operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix, the signal matrix is iteratively updated until the current number of iterations is equal to the length of the power line communication signal sequence, including:
通过信号矩阵迭代公式迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度N时终止迭代，得到没有缺失数据的信号矩阵其中，信号矩阵迭代公式表示为：The signal matrix is iteratively updated through the signal matrix iteration formula, and the iteration is terminated when the current iteration number is equal to the length N of the power line communication signal sequence, and the signal matrix without missing data is obtained. Among them, the signal matrix iteration formula is expressed as:
其中，表示第k+1次迭代得到的信号矩阵；表示第k次迭代得到的信号矩阵；表示阈值算子；表示对矩阵D和矩阵的乘积中的所有元素进行阈值运算；xij表示矩阵的第i行、第j列元素；σmax表示中所有元素绝对值的最大值；σmin表示中所有元素绝对值的最小值。in, Represents the signal matrix obtained by the k+1th iteration; represents the signal matrix obtained by the k-th iteration; represents the threshold operator; Represents a pair of matrix D and a matrix product of All elements in the threshold operation; x ij represents the matrix The i-th row, j-th column element; σ max represents The maximum value of the absolute value of all elements in ; σ min represents The minimum value of the absolute value of all elements in .
进一步地，所述将当前得到的信号矩阵进行转换，生成没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列包括：Further, converting the currently obtained signal matrix to generate a power line communication signal sequence without missing data includes:
将得到的矩阵Prec的第一行数据作为第一段，第二行数据作为第二段，以此类推，最后一行数据作为最后一段，将这些段按照顺序连接起来，并截取前面的N个数据组成一数据序列，此数据序列就是没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列。Take the data of the first row of the obtained matrix Prec as the first segment, the data of the second row as the second segment, and so on, the data of the last row as the last segment, connect these segments in order, and intercept the first N The data forms a data sequence, which is a power line communication signal sequence without missing data.
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:
上述方案中，采集电力线通信信号序列，将其转换为信号矩阵；根据转换得到的信号矩阵，构建变换算子矩阵；构建测量矩阵；根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度；将当前得到的信号矩阵进行转换，生成没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列，从而重构电力线通信信号序列，解决电力线通信信号通过中低压电力网络进行传输，存在数据缺失的问题。In the above scheme, the power line communication signal sequence is collected and converted into a signal matrix; a transformation operator matrix is constructed according to the converted signal matrix; a measurement matrix is constructed; and the signal is iteratively updated according to the obtained transformation operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix. matrix until the current number of iterations is equal to the length of the power line communication signal sequence; convert the currently obtained signal matrix to generate a power line communication signal sequence without missing data, so as to reconstruct the power line communication signal sequence and solve the problem that the power line communication signal passes through the medium and low voltage power network. For transmission, there is a problem of missing data.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for adaptive reconstruction of a power line communication signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法的详细流程示意图；FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of a method for adaptive reconstruction of a power line communication signal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的数据分段和矩阵排列示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of data segmentation and matrix arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明针对现有的PLC信号通过中低压电力网络进行传输，存在数据缺失的问题，提供一种电力线通信信号自适应重构方法。The present invention provides an adaptive reconstruction method for power line communication signals in view of the problem of data loss in existing PLC signals transmitted through a medium and low voltage power network.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，包括：As shown in FIG. 1, the power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
S101，采集电力线通信信号序列，将其转换为信号矩阵；S101, collect the power line communication signal sequence and convert it into a signal matrix;
S102，根据转换得到的信号矩阵，构建变换算子矩阵；S102, construct a transformation operator matrix according to the converted signal matrix;
S103，构建测量矩阵；S103, construct a measurement matrix;
S104，根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度；S104, according to the obtained transformation operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix, iteratively update the signal matrix until the current number of iterations is equal to the length of the power line communication signal sequence;
S105，将当前得到的信号矩阵进行转换，生成没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列。S105: Convert the currently obtained signal matrix to generate a power line communication signal sequence without missing data.
本发明实施例所述的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，采集电力线通信信号序列，将其转换为信号矩阵；根据转换得到的信号矩阵，构建变换算子矩阵；构建测量矩阵；根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，迭代更新信号矩阵，直至当前迭代次数等于电力线通信信号序列的长度；将当前得到的信号矩阵进行转换，生成没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列，从而重构电力线通信信号序列，解决电力线通信信号通过中低压电力网络进行传输，存在数据缺失的问题。The power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method according to the embodiment of the present invention collects the power line communication signal sequence and converts it into a signal matrix; constructs a transformation operator matrix according to the converted signal matrix; constructs a measurement matrix; The operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix are used to iteratively update the signal matrix until the current number of iterations is equal to the length of the power line communication signal sequence; the currently obtained signal matrix is converted to generate a power line communication signal sequence without missing data, thereby reconstructing the power line communication The signal sequence solves the problem of data loss in the transmission of power line communication signals through the medium and low voltage power network.
为了更好地理解本发明实施例所述的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，对其进行详细说明，如图2所示，所述电力线通信信号自适应重构方法具体可以包括以下步骤：In order to better understand the power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method according to the embodiment of the present invention, it will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2 , the power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method may specifically include the following steps:
A1，采集电力线通信信号序列A1, collect power line communication signal sequence
采集电力线通信信号序列pori＝[P1,P2,…,PN]，其中，N为电力线通信信号序列的长度，其中，电力线通信信号序列也可称为电力线通信数据序列。Collect the power line communication signal sequence p ori =[P 1 , P 2 , . . . , P N ], where N is the length of the power line communication signal sequence, where the power line communication signal sequence may also be called a power line communication data sequence.
A2，将电力线通信信号序列pori＝[P1,P2,…,PN]进行分段并将分段后的数据重新排列为一信号矩阵P，数据分段和矩阵排列如图3所示。A2, segment the power line communication signal sequence p ori = [P 1 , P 2 , . Show.
A21，按照电力线通信信号序列的先后次序，将电力线通信信号序列分为NR段，每段含有NC个数据，其中，符号表示上取整，例如， 这样做的目的是所有的数据都参与运算，不舍弃数据。A21, according to the sequence of the power line communication signal sequence, divide the power line communication signal sequence into NR segments, each segment contains NC pieces of data, Among them, the symbol means round up, for example, The purpose of this is that all the data participate in the operation, and the data is not discarded.
一般情况下，NR＝256或512或1024，在实际应用中，NR的取值由实际应用场景确定。In general, NR = 256 or 512 or 1024. In practical applications, the value of NR is determined by the actual application scenario.
A22，如果N<NR×NC，则将最后一段不足的部分补零。A22, if N<N R ×N C , zero-fill the insufficient part of the last segment.
A23，将分段后的数据重新排列为矩阵的形式，一段数据为一行，故此信号矩阵P共有NR行、NC列，信号矩阵P可表示为 A23, rearrange the segmented data into the form of a matrix, and a segment of data is a row, so the signal matrix P has NR rows and NC columns in total, and the signal matrix P can be expressed as
A3，将信号矩阵转换为二维信号 A3, the signal matrix Convert to 2D signal
nr＝1,2,…,NR n r =1,2,...,N R
nc＝1,2,…,NC n c =1,2,...,N C
其中，表示二维信号，表示信号矩阵的第nr行、第nc列元素。in, represents a two-dimensional signal, Represents the signal matrix The n r row and n c column elements of .
A4，确定二维信号的信号变换算子 A4, determine the two-dimensional signal The signal transform operator of
信号变换算子表示为：Signal Transform Operator Expressed as:
其中，表示参量；为域中的权重函数，自变量为一般情况下可以选择高斯函数；为域中的权重函数，自变量为上标i表示虚数单位。in, represents a parameter; for The weight function in the domain, the independent variables are In general, the Gaussian function can be selected; for The weight function in the domain, the independent variables are The superscript i represents the imaginary unit.
A5，构建变换算子矩阵DA5, construct the transformation operator matrix D
将信号变换算子转换为矩阵形式：Convert the signal to the operator Convert to matrix form:
其中，表示变换算子矩阵D中，第nr行、第nc列的元素是因此，矩阵D为NR×NC维矩阵。in, Indicates that in the transformation operator matrix D, the elements of the n r row and the n c column are Therefore, the matrix D is an N R ×N C -dimensional matrix.
A6，构建测量矩阵RA6, construct the measurement matrix R
测量矩阵R的一般形式可以表示为：The general form of the measurement matrix R can be expressed as:
其中，I为单位矩阵，表示没有数据缺失的段；0为零矩阵，表示有数据缺失的段。Among them, I is the identity matrix, representing the segment without missing data; 0 is the zero matrix, representing the segment with missing data.
本实施例中，测量矩阵的取值是由信号矩阵确定的，假设，信号矩阵中第2行第3列的数据有缺失，则测量矩阵中第2行第3列元素为0，否则为1。In this embodiment, the value of the measurement matrix is determined by the signal matrix. Assuming that the data in the second row and the third column in the signal matrix is missing, the element in the second row and the third column in the measurement matrix is 0, otherwise it is 1 .
A7，迭代运算A7, iterative operation
假设当前进行第k+1次迭代，在k+1次中得到的信号矩阵为在上一次(即第k次)所得到的信号矩阵为k＝1,2,…,N-1。Assuming that the k+1th iteration is currently performed, the signal matrix obtained in the k+1th iteration is The signal matrix obtained in the last time (that is, the kth time) is k=1,2,...,N-1.
A71，确定信号矩阵 A71, determine the signal matrix
根据得到的变换算子矩阵和构建的测量矩阵，更新信号矩阵为：According to the obtained transformation operator matrix and the constructed measurement matrix, update the signal matrix for:
其中，表示阈值算子，用于对括号内的数据进行阈值运算；表示对矩阵D和矩阵的乘积(其中，乘积是一个矩阵)中的所有元素进行阈值运算，阈值运算是对矩阵中的元素一个一个进行的；xij表示矩阵的第i行、第j列元素；σmax表示中所有元素绝对值的最大值；σmin表示中所有元素绝对值的最小值。in, Represents a threshold operator, which is used to perform threshold operation on the data in parentheses; Represents a pair of matrix D and a matrix product of (where the product is a matrix) to perform a threshold operation on all elements, and the threshold operation is to perform a threshold operation on the matrix The elements in are performed one by one; x ij represents the matrix The i-th row, j-th column element; σ max represents The maximum value of the absolute value of all elements in ; σ min represents The minimum absolute value of all elements in .
A72，判断当前迭代次数是否等于电力线通信信号序列的长度N，如果k＝N，则迭代终止，得到没有缺失数据的PLC信号矩阵进入步骤A8；否则，k＝k+1返回步骤A71继续迭代。A72, judge whether the current number of iterations is equal to the length N of the power line communication signal sequence, if k=N, the iteration is terminated, and a PLC signal matrix without missing data is obtained Go to step A8; otherwise, k=k+1 returns to step A71 to continue the iteration.
A8，重新排列数据，将得到的没有缺失数据的PLC信号矩阵Prec转换为电力线通信信号序列，得到没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列A8, rearrange the data, convert the obtained PLC signal matrix Prec without missing data into a power line communication signal sequence, and obtain a power line communication signal sequence without missing data
将得到的矩阵Prec的第一行数据作为第一段，第二行数据作为第二段，以此类推，最后一行数据作为最后一段，将这些段按照顺序连接起来，并截取前面的N个数据组成一数据序列，此数据序列就是没有缺失数据的电力线通信信号序列，即为所求。Take the data of the first row of the obtained matrix Prec as the first segment, the data of the second row as the second segment, and so on, the data of the last row as the last segment, connect these segments in order, and intercept the first N The data forms a data sequence, and the data sequence is the power line communication signal sequence without missing data, which is the desired one.
本发明实施例所述的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法，可以有效恢复缺失的电力线通信信号。如果采集的电力线通信信号序列缺失不超过总数据的20％，恢复后的数据与采集的实际数据之间的误差不超过4％；且由于本发明实施例所述的电力线通信信号自适应重构方法采用迭代方式，计算简单快速。The power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction method according to the embodiment of the present invention can effectively restore the missing power line communication signal. If the missing power line communication signal sequence does not exceed 20% of the total data, the error between the recovered data and the actual collected data does not exceed 4%; and because the power line communication signal adaptive reconstruction according to the embodiment of the present invention The method adopts an iterative method, and the calculation is simple and fast.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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