CN109361484A - A kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data - Google Patents

A kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109361484A
CN109361484A CN201811343102.8A CN201811343102A CN109361484A CN 109361484 A CN109361484 A CN 109361484A CN 201811343102 A CN201811343102 A CN 201811343102A CN 109361484 A CN109361484 A CN 109361484A
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frame
data
pmu
pdc
matrix
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CN109361484B (en
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奚培锋
方文
张少迪
鞠晨
滕宇
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Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute Group Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/14Monitoring arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of transmission methods of electric system time synchronization data, in the electric system, every playscript with stage directions PDC have n platform PMU, local PDC and region PDC foundation under its command and communicate, region PDC and region application entity are established and are communicated.The present invention reduces electric system time synchronization phasor data in network transmission process to the requirement of network bandwidth, the system for reducing synchronized phasor data stores pressure, improve the real-time of characteristic transmission, it reduces communication of the magnanimity time synchronization phasor data in network transmission process and blocks risk, provide the data supporting of high quality for the analysis of electric system presence, accident analysis.

Description

A kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission methods of time synchronization data, belong to electric system time synchronization data management technique Field.
Background technique
Under the premise of retaining data variation characteristic to the electric system node time synchronized phasor data of real-time Transmission into The online lossy compression of row can reduce data and transmit to reduction electric system time synchronization phasor data in network transmission process Requirement to network bandwidth, the system for reducing synchronized phasor data store pressure, improve the real-time of characteristic transmission, for electricity The analysis of Force system presence, accident analysis provide the data supporting of high quality, have extensive practical application value.Time is same Phasor data acquisition network is walked as shown in Figure 1, PMU is the data acquisition device of network bottom layer, by the electrical of electric system node Phasor data is filled by being uploaded to phasor data concentrator (Local PDC) on the spot, Local PDC after satellite synchronizing clock label It receives after the time synchronization phasor data that one or more PMU are uploaded, is carried out in data set simultaneously according to clock mark sequence It is uploaded to region phasor data concentrator (Regional PDC), sees Fig. 2, is regional power grid management entity (Regional Application Entity) the phasor measurement data support of system-wide, same time cross-section is provided.
According to IEEE std C37.118.1-2011 (IEEE Standard for Synchrophasor Measurement for Power Systems) in requirement for PMU phasor data report cycle, to 50Hz electric power System carries out dynamic analysis, and synchronized phasor data report rate that need to be at least up to 10fps.Message content includes 2 integers if every Phasor, communication bandwidth (with UDP/IP protocol broadcast) need 6.72Kbps;If the high parsing for reaching 50fps requires, identical to disappear It is held in breath, communication bandwidth (with UDP/IP protocol broadcast) needs 33.6Kbps.With the increasing of network bottom layer PMU access number Add, phasor data reports the raising of rate, and acquisition network will be faced with huge real-time Data Transmission and storage pressure.
The main application of electric system time synchronization data is that fault identification, disturbed depth and situation identify, to data Quality requirement is as shown in the table:
1 different function of table is to time synchrodata quality requirement
Function type Data granularity Regional scope The frequency of occurrences Priority
Fault identification Millisecond and following It is small It is low It is high
Disturbed depth 20 milliseconds In In In
Situation identification Second grade Greatly It is high It is low
Therefore it under the premise of the transport frame of time synchronization data need to meet above-mentioned function to requirement of real-time, reduces to the greatest extent The transmission pressure and data of communication network store pressure.
Document Data Compression in smart distribution systems via singular value Time synchronized phasor data are compressed before transmitting using the method for singular value decomposition (SVD) in decomposition Processing.Singular value decomposition is a kind of lossy compression mode, is in stable state in system or there are when single low-frequency excitation, Bu Huiyin Lossy compression and lose perturbation features.If multi-source concussion occurs for system, then lossy compression will be according to the compression ratio being previously set Compression is forced, causes information loss that can not capture system features comprehensively.
Document Online Dimension Reduction of Synchrophasor Data, document [3] Power System Real-Time Event Detection and Associated Data Archival Reduction Based Principal component analysis (PCA) is also used on Synchrophasors or SVD method carries out lossy compression, PCA and SVD technique Similar, advantage and disadvantage are similar.
Document Lossless Compression of Synchronized Phasor Measurements uses pine Relax reference coding (Slack-Referenced Encoding) technology and three kinds of common compress technique Deflate, Bzip2, LZMA The mode combined carries out lossless compression to synchronized phasor data, and compression ratio (CR) is low, is unable to reach the transmission of mitigation system and deposits Store up the target of pressure.
Document The Hitchhiker's guide to choosing the compression algorithm for Our smart meter data is compared including Adaptive Trimmed Huffman Coding, Adaptive Markov Chain Huffman Coding, tiny Lempel Ziv Markov Chain Algorithm and Lempel Ziv A variety of lossless compressiongs including Markov Chain Huffman Coding carry out the table of compression processing to ammeter data It is existing, the target of the transmission of mitigation system with storage pressure is all unable to reach from compression ratio and on the processing time.
Document Performance Comparison of Various Wavelets in Compression of PMU Generated data in Smart Grid uses the different types of small small echo grade that involves and compresses to phasor data It attempts, has obtained high compression rate and low error, but since the disturbance waveform that it is chosen is under-represented and need to use different brackets Different wavelet types compress different electrical quantity, if there is extensive meaning to have no way of learning.
Existing document extensive concern is in the technological innovation to time synchronized phasor data compression technique, not from different function The angle and data transfer of time synchronization phasor data quality are made a concrete analysis of, therefore over head and ears data after reduction The compromise repeatedly of accuracy and data compression rate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is: the real-time of characteristic transmission is improved, reduces magnanimity time synchronization phasor data in net Risk is blocked in communication in network transmission process.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of biographies of electric system time synchronization data Transmission method, in the electric system, every playscript with stage directions PDC have under its command n platform PMU, local PDC and region PDC foundation communicate, region The foundation of PDC and region application entity communicates, which is characterized in that the transmission method the following steps are included:
Step 1, every playscript with stage directions PDC each PMU for having under its command data uploaded are ranked up according to markers sequence, and according to exhausted Waiting time is carried out in data set, if n platform PMU uploads K frame data, local PDC will be stored as bufferX in data set,In formula:For n platform PMU upload kth frame input frame,, PMUikIt is adopted for the PMU uploaded of i-th PMU in kth frame input frame Collect data;
Step 2, every playscript with stage directions PDC according to abnormality identification criterion to present incoming frame carry out state identification, if currently Input frame is state normal frame, then enters step 3, if present incoming frame is abnormal state frame, enters step 4;
Next frame input frame is updated to present incoming frame, and n is updated to n+1, return step 2, until n=by step 3 K enters step 5;
Next frame input frame after abnormal state frame is sent to region PDC, is updated to present incoming frame by step 4, is returned Step 2;
Step 5 is compressed all state normal frames after K frame concentration using Karhunent-Loeve transformation, comprising the following steps:
Step 501, K frame is concentrated after PMU acquisition data definition be matrix X that a ranks number is n × K, then have:
In formula, xijData are acquired for the PMU from i-th PMU in jth frame input frame;
The covariance matrix C of step 502, calculating matrix X will be obtained after covariance matrix C orthogonal diagonalization:
C=EDET
In formula, E is the orthonormal matrix of a m × m, is classified as the proper phasor of covariance matrix C;D be a m × The diagonal matrix of m, the value on diagonal line are the characteristic value of each column of covariance matrix C, represent each column spy of covariance matrix C Levy the variance of phasor;
Step 503 arranges the characteristic value descending on diagonal matrix D to obtain phasor e, such as following formula:
E=[e1e2...em]
Step 504, establish While circulation find ρ >=0.95 when d value, ρ be comentropy ratio, comprising the following steps:
Variable i is initialized as 1 by step 5041;
Whether step 5042, the ratio ρ for judging comentropy if so, enter step 5043, otherwise enter step less than 0.95 Rapid 5045;
Step 5043, the ratio ρ for updating comentropy:
Variable i is updated to i+1, return step 5042 by step 5044;
Step 5045 calculates d value, d=i-1;
Step 504, selection standard orthogonal matrix E preceding d row as transition matrix P, be matrix Y, Y=P by matrix X dimensionality reduction ×X∈Rd×K, then the size of the PMU acquisition data after K frame concentration drops to d × K from m × K;
Compressed state normal frame is sent to region PDC by step 6, and n resets to 1 after data packet issues, and continues to repeat to walk Rapid 1 to step 5.
Preferably, in step 2, the abnormality recognizes criterion are as follows:
(1) electric voltage exception
Current time voltage effective value VmMore than or less than the voltage threshold V of settingThe upper limitOr VLower limit, it may be assumed that Vm> VThe upper limitOr Vm< VLower limit
(2) current anomaly
Current time current effective value ImMore than or less than the voltage threshold I of settingThe upper limitOr ILower limit, it may be assumed that Im> IThe upper limitOr Im< ILower limit
(3) frequency anomaly
Current time frequency f is more than or less than the frequency threshold f of settingThe upper limitOr fLower limit, it may be assumed that f > fThe upper limitOr f < fLower limit
(4) frequency change rate is abnormal
Current time frequency change rate Δ f is more than or less than the frequency threshold Δ f of settingThe upper limitOr Δ fLower limit, it may be assumed that Δ f > Δ fThe upper limitOr Δ f < Δ fLower limit
(5) phase angle change rate is abnormal
Current time phase angle change rateMore than or less than the frequency threshold of settingOrThat is:Or
Preferably, in step 2, if any PMU acquisition data of present incoming frame meet the abnormality identification criterion, Then present incoming frame is abnormal state frame.
The present invention reduces electric system time synchronization phasor data in network transmission process to the requirement of network bandwidth, subtracts The system of few synchronized phasor data stores pressure, improves the real-time of characteristic transmission, reduces magnanimity time synchronization phasor number Block risk according to the communication in network transmission process, provides high quality for the analysis of electric system presence, accident analysis Data supporting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that time synchronization phasor data acquires network;
Fig. 2 is time synchronization phasor data centralized procedure;
Fig. 3 is the transmission flow figure of electric system time synchronization data.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited Range.
A kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data provided by the invention can be applied when as shown in Figure 1 Between on synchronized phasor data acquisition network, which includes local PDC, and local PDC has n platform PMU, local PDC and region PDC under its command Communication is established, region PDC is communicated with the foundation of region application entity, acquires network, this hair based on above-mentioned time synchronization phasor data It is bright the following steps are included:
Step 1, every playscript with stage directions PDC each PMU for having under its command data uploaded are ranked up according to markers sequence, and according to exhausted Waiting time is carried out in data set, if n platform PMU uploads K frame data, local PDC will be stored as bufferX in data set,In formula:For n platform PMU upload kth frame input frame,PMUikIt is adopted for the PMU uploaded of i-th PMU in kth frame input frame Collect data;
Step 2, every playscript with stage directions PDC according to abnormality identification criterion to present incoming frame carry out state identification, if currently Input frame is state normal frame, then enters step 3, if present incoming frame is abnormal state frame, enters step 4;
In this step, the main purpose of state recognition be in order to distinguish currently have under its command each PMU be in normal condition or Abnormality.When PMU is in normal condition, the precision and transmission delay of time synchronization phasor data are in a certain range can With receiving;When PMU is when in an abnormal state, time synchronization phasor data must assure that high precision collecting and real-time Transmission.Cause This, it is also not identical to the fidelity of time synchronized phasor data and the requirement of transmission real-time that system, which is in different conditions,.
Abnormality recognizes criterion are as follows:
(1) electric voltage exception
Current time voltage effective value VmMore than or less than the voltage threshold V of settingThe upper limitOr VLower limit, it may be assumed that Vm> VThe upper limitOr Vm< VLower limit
(2) current anomaly
Current time current effective value ImMore than or less than the voltage threshold I of settingThe upper limitOr ILower limit, it may be assumed that Im> IThe upper limitOr Im < ILower limit
(3) frequency anomaly
Current time frequency f is more than or less than the frequency threshold f of settingThe upper limitOr fLower limit, it may be assumed that f > fThe upper limitOr f < fLower limit
(4) frequency change rate is abnormal
Current time frequency change rate Δ f is more than or less than the frequency threshold Δ f of settingThe upper limitOr Δ fLower limit, it may be assumed that Δ f < Δ fThe upper limitOr Δ f < Δ fLower limit
(5) phase angle change rate is abnormal
Current time phase angle change rateMore than or less than the frequency threshold of settingOrThat is:Or
Criterion is recognized according to above-mentioned abnormality, if any PMU acquisition data of present incoming frame meet the abnormal shape State recognizes criterion, then present incoming frame is abnormal state frame.
Next frame input frame is updated to present incoming frame, and n is updated to n+1, return step 2, until n=by step 3 K enters step 5;
Next frame input frame after abnormal state frame is sent to region PDC, is updated to present incoming frame by step 4, is returned Step 2;
Step 5 is compressed all state normal frames after K frame concentration using Karhunent-Loeve transformation, and Karhunent-Loeve transformation passes through Retain the proper phasor of big variance achieve the effect that matrix dimensionality reduction, data compression specifically includes the following steps:
Step 501, K frame is concentrated after PMU acquisition data definition be matrix X that a ranks number is n × K, then have:
In formula, xijData are acquired for the PMU from i-th PMU in jth frame input frame;
The covariance matrix C, C=XX of step 502, calculating matrix XT∈Rm×m, after covariance matrix C orthogonal diagonalization It obtains:
C=EDET
In formula, E is the orthonormal matrix of a m × m, is classified as the proper phasor of covariance matrix C;D be a m × The diagonal matrix of m, the value on diagonal line are the characteristic value of each column of covariance matrix C, represent each column spy of covariance matrix C Levy the variance of phasor;
Step 503 arranges the characteristic value descending on diagonal matrix D to obtain phasor e, such as following formula:
E=[e1 e2 … em]
Step 504, establish While circulation find ρ >=0.95 when d value, ρ be comentropy ratio, comprising the following steps:
Variable i is initialized as 1 by step 5041;
Whether step 5042, the ratio ρ for judging comentropy if so, enter step 5043, otherwise enter step less than 0.95 Rapid 5045;
Step 5043, the ratio ρ for updating comentropy:
Variable i is updated to i+1, return step 5042 by step 5044;
Step 5045 calculates d value, d=i-1;
Step 504, selection standard orthogonal matrix E preceding d row as transition matrix P, be matrix Y, Y=P by matrix X dimensionality reduction ×X∈Rd×K, then the size of the PMU acquisition data after K frame concentration drops to d × K from m × K;
Compressed state normal frame is sent to region PDC by step 6, and n resets to 1 after data packet issues, and continues to repeat to walk Rapid 1 to step 5.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data, in the electric system, every playscript with stage directions PDC have n platform under its command PMU, local PDC and region PDC foundation communicate, and region PDC is communicated with the foundation of region application entity, which is characterized in that the biography Transmission method the following steps are included:
Step 1, every playscript with stage directions PDC each PMU for having under its command data uploaded are ranked up according to markers sequence, and according to absolutely etc. It is carried out in data set to the time, if n platform PMU uploads K frame data, local PDC will be stored as bufferX in data set,In formula:For n platform PMU upload kth frame input frame,PMUikIt is adopted for the PMU uploaded of i-th PMU in kth frame input frame Collect data;
Step 2, every playscript with stage directions PDC state identification is carried out to present incoming frame according to abnormality identification criterion, if current input Frame is state normal frame, then enters step 3, if present incoming frame is abnormal state frame, enters step 4;
Next frame input frame is updated to present incoming frame by step 3, and n is updated to n+1, return step 2, until n=K, into Enter step 5;
Next frame input frame after abnormal state frame is sent to region PDC, is updated to present incoming frame, return step by step 4 2;
Step 5 is compressed all state normal frames after K frame concentration using Karhunent-Loeve transformation, comprising the following steps:
Step 501, K frame is concentrated after PMU acquisition data definition be matrix X that a ranks number is n × K, then have:
In formula, xijData are acquired for the PMU from i-th PMU in jth frame input frame;
The covariance matrix C of step 502, calculating matrix X will be obtained after covariance matrix C orthogonal diagonalization:
C=EDET
In formula, E is the orthonormal matrix of a m × m, is classified as the proper phasor of covariance matrix C;D is a m × m Diagonal matrix, the value on diagonal line are the characteristic value of each column of covariance matrix C, represent each column feature of covariance matrix C The variance of phasor;
Step 503 arranges the characteristic value descending on diagonal matrix D to obtain phasor e, such as following formula:
E=[e1 e2 … em]
Step 504, establish While circulation find ρ >=0.95 when d value, ρ be comentropy ratio, comprising the following steps:
Variable i is initialized as 1 by step 5041;
Whether step 5042, the ratio ρ for judging comentropy, if so, entering step 5043, otherwise enter step less than 0.95 5045;
Step 5043, the ratio ρ for updating comentropy:
Variable i is updated to i+1, return step 5042 by step 5044;
Step 5045 calculates d value, d=i-1;
Step 504, selection standard orthogonal matrix E preceding d row as transition matrix P, be matrix Y, Y=P × X by matrix X dimensionality reduction ∈Rd×K, then the size of the PMU acquisition data after K frame concentration drops to d × K from m × K;
Compressed state normal frame is sent to region PDC by step 6, and n resets to 1 after data packet issues, and continues to repeat step 1 To step 5.
2. a kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2, The abnormality recognizes criterion are as follows:
(1) electric voltage exception
Current time voltage effective value VmMore than or less than the voltage threshold V of settingThe upper limitOr VLower limit, it may be assumed that Vm> VThe upper limitOr Vm< VLower limit
(2) current anomaly
Current time current effective value ImMore than or less than the voltage threshold I of settingThe upper limitOr ILower limit, it may be assumed that Im> IThe upper limitOr Im< ILower limit
(3) frequency anomaly
Current time frequency f is more than or less than the frequency threshold f of settingThe upper limitOr fLower limit, it may be assumed that f > fThe upper limitOr f < fLower limit
(4) frequency change rate is abnormal
Current time frequency change rate Δ f is more than or less than the frequency threshold Δ f of settingThe upper limitOr Δ fLower limit, it may be assumed that Δ f > Δ fThe upper limitOr Δ f < Δ fLower limit
(5) phase angle change rate is abnormal
Current time phase angle change rateMore than or less than the frequency threshold of settingOrThat is: Or
3. a kind of transmission method of electric system time synchronization data as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step 2, If any PMU acquisition data of present incoming frame meet the abnormality identification criterion, present incoming frame is abnormal state Frame.
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CN110601987A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-12-20 科大智能电气技术有限公司 Data collection method for phasor data concentrator
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