CN109299869A - The method of cost accounting and device of distribution transformer - Google Patents
The method of cost accounting and device of distribution transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109299869A CN109299869A CN201811079891.9A CN201811079891A CN109299869A CN 109299869 A CN109299869 A CN 109299869A CN 201811079891 A CN201811079891 A CN 201811079891A CN 109299869 A CN109299869 A CN 109299869A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer and devices, it is related to Distribution Network Equipment assessment of cost technical field, this method comprises: the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer is calculated according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation constraint；Calculate multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；Multiple cost impact factor values include at least a variety of in initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired cost of disposal；The algebraical sum for seeking multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as the cost of distribution transformer.The present invention can promote the confidence level for calculating distribution transformer cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Distribution Network Equipment assessment of cost technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of cost of distribution transformer
Calculation method and device.
Background technique
With deepening constantly for power market reform, more and more distributed photovoltaics and energy storage access distribution, for electricity
The investment decision of net certainly will make balance in economy and reliability.
For the configuration of distribution transformer, there is some problems, such as some areas are not preferable in distribution at present
Ground considers the influence of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage, usually configures the distribution transformer of larger capacity, is easy to produce distribution transformer
The problem of load factor is too low and waste of capacity.Distribution transformer overall life cycle cost (Life Cycle Costs,
LLC) in calculating, the fixed time limit generally is set by the length of service of distribution transformer, such as 20 years, but various in recent years points
Cloth photovoltaic has peak clipping effect for the load of distribution transformer, largely extends the operation of distribution transformer
Service life, thus it is overly conservative in the way of the LCC cost of fixed time limit calculating distribution transformer, it is unable to the change of effecting reaction distribution
The economic benefit of depressor, such mode confidence level be not high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer and device, to mention
Rise the confidence level for calculating distribution transformer cost.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer, distribution transformer with
Distributed photovoltaic connection, this method comprises: about according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation
The operation lifecycle of distribution transformer is calculated in beam；Calculate multiple costs of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle
Influence factor value；Multiple cost impact factor values include at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure
It is a variety of in cost and retired cost of disposal；The algebraical sum for seeking multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as distribution
The cost of transformer.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the first possible embodiment of first aspect, according to matching
The low-pressure side voltage operation constraint and load factor operation constraint of piezoelectric transformer, are calculated the service life week of distribution transformer
The step of phase, comprising: run and constrained according to the low-pressure side of distribution transformer, be calculated and meet matching for low-pressure side operation constraint
First service life range of piezoelectric transformer；It is run and is constrained according to the load factor of distribution transformer, be calculated and meet load factor
Run the second service life range of the distribution transformer of constraint；By the first service life range and the second service life range
Intersection in maximum value, the operation lifecycle as distribution transformer.
The possible embodiment of with reference to first aspect the first, the embodiment of the invention provides the second of first aspect
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein the low-pressure side of above-mentioned distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: the low-pressure side of distribution transformer
Voltage value is in ± 7% range of the nominal voltage of distribution transformer；First service life range obtains in the following manner:
It obtainsI when establishment1Value set；Wherein, V2NFor the nominal voltage of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer；It indicates i-th1The voltage value of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer when the jth class weather t period in year；Based on i1Value collection
It closes, determines the first service life range.
The possible embodiment of with reference to first aspect the first, the embodiment of the invention provides the thirds of first aspect
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein the load factor of above-mentioned distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: the load factor of distribution transformer is big
In be equal to 0, and be less than or equal to 1；Second service life range obtains in the following manner: obtainingI when establishment2Value set；Wherein,It is i-th2The distribution of t period in year
The average load active power of transformer,It is i-th2Being averaged for the distributed photovoltaic of jth class weather t period in year is active
Power；It is i-th2The average load reactive power of the low-pressure side of the distribution transformer of t period in year；STNFor distribution transformer
The rated capacity of device；Based on i2Value set, determine the second service life range.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 4th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, above-mentioned first
Beginning cost of investment is obtained by following formula:Wherein, CIFor initial outlay cost；xTFor
The model of distribution transformer；STNFor the rated capacity of distribution transformer；G () be distribution transformer initial outlay cost with
The function of rated capacity and model variation；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 5th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein
Above-mentioned operating cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein,
PDi,t=(1+ η)i-1PD1,tI=2,3 ..., T；
Wherein, CWFor operating cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；E is total rate of electricity；
NG is weather pattern scene number；tdFor the when number of segment in one day；P0And PkThe respectively no-load loss and distribution of distribution transformer
The load loss of transformer；βi,j,tFor 1 year jth class weather pattern and the Rate of average load of the distribution transformer of t period；
ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather； SDi,j,tFor the apparent energy of the distribution transformer of 1 year jth class weather t period；
STNFor the rated capacity of distribution transformer；PDi,tFor the average load active power of the distribution transformer of 1 year t period；
PGi,j,tFor the average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of 1 year jth class weather t period；QDi,tFor 1 year t period
The average load reactive power of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer；PD1,tFor the flat of the distribution transformer within the 1st year t period
Equal load active power；η is load rise ratio.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 6th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein
Above-mentioned repair and maintenance cost is obtained by following formula:
CO=CDX+CXX；
Wherein,
Wherein, COFor repair and maintenance cost；CDXThe overhaul cost for being distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；CXXFor
Light maintenance expense of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；
cdFor single overhaul cost；cxFor single light maintenance expense；M is overhaul number；Floor () indicates that decimal is rounded downwards.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 7th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein
Above-mentioned failure cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, Ccfi=Cssi+εCjxi；
Cssi=KdtgPavie；
Wherein, CFFor failure cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer； CcfiIt is 1 year
The failure cost expense of distribution transformer；CssiBreakdown loss for 1 year distribution transformer takes；ε is distribution transformer year
Accident rate；CjxiFor the corrective maintenance costs of 1 year distribution transformer； KdMultiple is converted for electricity price；tgFor annual forced outage
Time；PaviFor the average active power of 1 year distribution transformer；NG is weather pattern scene number；tdFor the period in one day
Number；ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather；PDi,tFor the average load active power of the distribution transformer of 1 year t period；
PGi,j,tFor the average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of 1 year jth class weather t period；η is load rise ratio.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 8th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein
Above-mentioned retired cost of disposal is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, CDFor retired cost of disposal；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；CbfFor with
Scrap cost of the piezoelectric transformer in operation lifecycle；CczThe remanent value of equipment for being distribution transformer in operation lifecycle
Take.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cost computing devices of distribution transformer, wherein above-mentioned to match
Piezoelectric transformer is connect with distributed photovoltaic, which includes: operation lifecycle computing module, for according to distribution transformer
Low-pressure side voltage operation constraint and load factor operation constraint, the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer is calculated；At umbra
Factor values computing module is rung, for calculating multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；It is multiple
Cost impact factor values include at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired disposition
It is a variety of in cost；Cost calculation module, for seeking the algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as matching
The cost of piezoelectric transformer.
The embodiment of the present invention bring it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer and devices, wherein distribution transformer
It is connect with distributed photovoltaic；First according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation constraint, calculate
Obtain the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；And then it is multiple at umbra in operation lifecycle to calculate distribution transformer
Ring factor values；Multiple cost impact factor values include at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure at
Originally a variety of and in retired cost of disposal；Finally seek the algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values, and using algebraical sum as
The cost of distribution transformer.Aforesaid way provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprehensively considers the low-pressure side electricity of distribution transformer first
The influence of pressure and load factor for operation lifecycle calculates operation lifecycle；And then calculate the cost of distribution transformer.Phase
Compared with the mode that the service life time limit that the prior art is directly based upon fixed setting calculates distribution transformer cost, confidence level is higher, energy
Enough effective scientific guidance is provided for distribution transformer type selecting.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, also, partly become from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention are in specification, claim
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in book and attached drawing.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly, and match
Appended attached drawing is closed, is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to tool in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Body embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing be some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, what is do not made the creative labor
Under the premise of, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for cost accounting of distribution transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for cost accounting of another distribution transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural block diagram of the cost computing device of distribution transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural block diagram of the cost computing device of another distribution transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Under every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the configuration of distribution transformer, there is some problems, such as some areas are not preferable in distribution at present
Ground considers the influence of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage, usually configures the distribution transformer of larger capacity, is easy to produce distribution transformer
The problem of load factor is too low and waste of capacity.Distribution transformer overall life cycle cost (Life Cycle Costs,
LLC) in calculating, the fixed time limit generally is set by the length of service of distribution transformer, such as 20 years, but various in recent years points
Cloth photovoltaic has peak clipping effect for the load of distribution transformer, largely extends the operation of distribution transformer
Service life, thus it is overly conservative in the way of the LCC cost of fixed time limit calculating distribution transformer, it is unable to the change of effecting reaction distribution
The economic benefit of depressor, such mode confidence level be not high.To sum up, to comprehensively consider distributed photovoltaic and load type to matching
The influence of piezoelectric transformer service life, need to consider distributed photovoltaic access and combine the life cycle management of distribution transformer at
This theory proposes a set of completely new distribution transformer assessment of cost method, solves equipment development and economic contradiction in short supply, improves
The life cycle profit of equipment provides scientific guidance for distribution transformer type selecting.
Based on this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer and devices, can be promoted
The confidence level for calculating distribution transformer cost, to provide effective scientific guidance for distribution transformer type selecting.
For convenient for understanding the present embodiment, first to a kind of distribution transformer disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
The method of cost accounting describes in detail, wherein distribution transformer is connect with distributed photovoltaic.
A kind of flow chart of the method for cost accounting of distribution transformer shown in Figure 1, the above method include:
Step S102 is calculated according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation constraint
The operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；
Step S104 calculates multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；Multiple costs
Influence factor value includes at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired cost of disposal
In it is a variety of；
Step S106 seeks the algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as distribution transformer at
This.
Wherein, above-mentioned cost is also referred to as " overall life cycle cost ", refers to a system or equipment in operation lifecycle
It is interior, for purchase and maintain its operate normally needed for pay full payment, i.e., system or equipment designed in its life cycle,
It research and development, manufacture, use, maintenance and ensures until scrapping that required direct, indirect, repeated, disposable and other have
The sum of pass expense.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of methods of cost accounting of distribution transformer, first according to distribution transformer
Low-pressure side voltage operation constraint and load factor operation constraint, are calculated the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；And then it calculates
Multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；Multiple cost impact factor values include at least just
It is a variety of in beginning cost of investment, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired cost of disposal；It finally seeks multiple
The algebraical sum of cost impact factor values, and using algebraical sum as the cost of distribution transformer.It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention above-mentioned
Mode comprehensively considers the influence of the low-pressure side voltage and load factor of distribution transformer for operation lifecycle first and calculates fortune
Row life cycle；And then calculate the cost of distribution transformer.It is directly based upon the service life time limit of fixed setting compared to the prior art
The mode of distribution transformer cost is calculated, confidence level is higher, can provide effective scientific guidance for distribution transformer type selecting.
Further, for ease of understanding, the embodiment of the invention provides the method for cost accounting of another distribution transformer,
On the basis of Fig. 1, above-mentioned steps S102 is shown in detail, namely run and constrain according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer
It runs and constrains with load factor, a kind of embodiment of the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer, referring to fig. 2, the party is calculated
Method includes:
Step S202 runs according to the low-pressure side of distribution transformer and constrains, and is calculated and meets low-pressure side operation constraint
First service life range of distribution transformer.
The low-pressure side of above-mentioned distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: the voltage value of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer becomes in distribution
In ± 7% range of the nominal voltage of depressor；In a kind of optional mode, the first service life range is in the following manner
It obtains:
(1) it obtainsI when establishment1Value set；
(2) it is based on above-mentioned i1Value set, determine the first service life range.
Wherein, V2NFor the nominal voltage of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer；Indicate i-th1The jth class weather t period in year
Distribution transformer low-pressure side voltage value；" jth class weather " is specifically divided into fine day, cloudy day, rainy day, i.e., when the value of j is
Corresponding when 1 is fine day, and corresponding when the value of j is 2 is the cloudy day, and corresponding when the value of j is 3 is the rainy day.
Specifically,It can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein,It indicates i-th1The on high-tension side voltage value of distribution transformer when the jth class weather t period in year；It is i-th1The average load active power of the distribution transformer of t period in year；It is i-th1When year jth class weather t
The average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of section；Indicate i-th1The average of the distribution transformer low-pressure side of t period in year is born
Lotus reactive power；KTFor distribution transformer no-load voltage ratio；RTAnd XTRespectively distribution transformer is converted on high-tension side resistance and reactance
Value.
Step S204 runs according to the load factor of distribution transformer and constrains, and is calculated and meets load factor operation constraint
Second service life range of distribution transformer.
The load factor of above-mentioned distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: the load factor of distribution transformer is more than or equal to 0, and is less than
Equal to 1；In a kind of optional mode, the second service life range obtains in the following manner:
(1) it obtainsI when establishment2Value set；
(2) it is based on i2Value set, determine the second service life range.
Wherein,It is i-th2The average load active power of the distribution transformer of t period in year,It is i-th2Year
The average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of jth class weather t period；It is i-th2The distribution transformer of t period in year
The average load reactive power of low-pressure side；STNFor the rated capacity of distribution transformer.
Step S206, by the maximum value in the intersection of the first service life range and the second service life range, as matching
The operation lifecycle of piezoelectric transformer.
That is, the first service life range is denoted as T1, the second service life range is denoted as T2, aforementioned distribution transformer
Operation lifecycle T=max { T1∩T2}。
Step S208 calculates multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle；Multiple costs
Influence factor value includes at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired cost of disposal
In it is a variety of；
Step S210 seeks the algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as distribution transformer at
This.
Aforesaid way provided in an embodiment of the present invention has comprehensively considered the uncertainty and reality of distributed photovoltaic power generation
Low-pressure side and load factor the operation constraint to be met when distribution transformer is run in the engineering of border, calculate the fortune of distribution transformer
Row life cycle avoids the conventional electrical distribution transformer station high-voltage side bus time limit and solidifies setting and cause calculated cost is too conservative to ask
Topic is able to solve the life cycle of equipment (that is, aforementioned distribution transformer) development with economic contradiction in short supply, raising equipment
Profit provides scientific guidance for distribution transformer type selecting.
Further, for ease of understanding, the embodiment of the invention also provides the calculating sides of above-mentioned multiple cost impact factor values
Formula, specifically, as follows:
(1) above-mentioned initial outlay cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, CIFor initial outlay cost；xTFor the model of distribution transformer；STNFor the rated capacity of distribution transformer；
G () is the function that the initial outlay cost of distribution transformer changes with rated capacity and model；r0For discount rate；T is distribution
The operation lifecycle of transformer.
In addition, initial outlay cost include distribution transformer purchase commodity and safe debugging charge, initial outlay cost can also
Pass through formula CI=CGZ+CAZIt obtains；Wherein, CGZFor the purchase commodity of distribution transformer； CAZIt is debugged for the safety of distribution transformer
Take.
(2) above-mentioned operating cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein,
PDi,t=(1+ η)i-1PD1,tI=2,3 ..., T；
Wherein, CWFor operating cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；E is total rate of electricity；
NG is weather pattern scene number；tdFor the when number of segment in one day；P0And PkThe respectively no-load loss and distribution of distribution transformer
The load loss of transformer；βi,j,tFor 1 year jth class weather pattern and the Rate of average load of the distribution transformer of t period；
ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather； SDi,j,tFor the apparent energy of the distribution transformer of 1 year jth class weather t period；
STNFor the rated capacity of distribution transformer；PDi,tFor the average load active power of the distribution transformer of 1 year t period；
PGi,j,tFor the average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of 1 year jth class weather t period；QDi,tFor 1 year t period
The average load reactive power of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer；PD1,tFor distribution transformer being averaged within the 1st year t period
Load active power；η is load rise ratio.
(3) above-mentioned repair and maintenance cost includes overhaul cost and light maintenance expense of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle
With repair and maintenance cost can be obtained by following formula:
CO=CDX+CXX；
Wherein,
Wherein, COFor repair and maintenance cost；CDXFor overhaul cost of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle T；CXXFor
Light maintenance expense of the distribution transformer in operation lifecycle T；r0For discount rate；T is the service life week of distribution transformer
Phase；cdFor single overhaul cost；cxFor single light maintenance expense；M is overhaul number；Floor () indicates that decimal is rounded downwards.
(4) above-mentioned failure cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, Ccfi=Cssi+εCjxi；
Cssi=KdtgPavie；
Wherein, CFFor failure cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer； CcfiIt is 1 year
The failure cost expense of distribution transformer；CssiBreakdown loss for 1 year distribution transformer takes；ε is distribution transformer year
Accident rate；CjxiFor the corrective maintenance costs of 1 year distribution transformer； KdMultiple is converted for electricity price；tgFor annual forced outage
Time；PaviFor the average active power of 1 year distribution transformer；NG is weather pattern scene number；tdFor the period in one day
Number；ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather；PDi,tFor the average load active power of the distribution transformer of 1 year t period；
PGi,j,tFor the average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of 1 year jth class weather t period；η is load rise ratio.
(5) above-mentioned retired cost of disposal takes related with the scrap cost of distribution transformer and remanent value of equipment, retired to be manipulated so
Originally it can be obtained by following formula:
Wherein, CDFor retired cost of disposal；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；CbfFor with
Scrap cost of the piezoelectric transformer in operation lifecycle；CczThe remanent value of equipment for being distribution transformer in operation lifecycle
Take.
Further, one the present invention also provides the above method specifically calculates embodiment, it is known that certain distribution transformer
Capacity STNFor 630kVA, on high-tension side voltage rating (that is, aforementioned nominal voltage) V1NFor 10.5kV, the specified electricity of low-pressure side
Press V2NFor 0.4kV, low-pressure side voltage valueValue it is as shown in table 1 below, average load active-power PDi,tValue and
Average load reactive power QDi,t(or) value it is as shown in table 2, the average active power of distributed photovoltaic(or) value it is as shown in table 3, distribution transformer purchase commodity CGZIt is 80,000 yuan, safe debugging charge CAZIt is 0.2 ten thousand yuan, it is comprehensive
Electricity price e is 0.65 yuan/kWh, no-load loss P0For 0.81kW, load loss PkFor 6.2kW, Rate of average load βi,j,tValue
As shown in table 3, the probability ω that all kinds of weather occurjValue as shown in table 4, load rise ratio η be 4%, discount rate r0
It is 3%, overhaul number m is 3 times, single overhaul cost cdIt is 0.8 ten thousand yuan, single light maintenance expense cxIt is 0.2 ten thousand yuan, matches within 1 year
The failure cost expense C of piezoelectric transformercfiValue it is as shown in table 5, electricity price convert multiple KdIt is 10, annual forced outage
Time tgIt is 30 hours, the corrective maintenance costs C of distribution transformerjxiIt is 0.2 ten thousand yuan, year accident rate ε is 0.15, distribution transformer
Average active power PaviValue it is as shown in table 5, distribution transformer scrap cost CbfIt is 0.4 ten thousand yuan, remanent value of equipment takes CczFor
0.3 ten thousand yuan.
1 distribution transformer low-pressure side voltage value of table
2 average load active power of table and average reactive load power
3 distributed photovoltaic average active power of table
All kinds of weather probabilities of occurrence of table 4
| Fine day | Cloudy day | Rainy day |
| 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.28 |
The failure cost expense and average active power of 5 distribution transformer of table
(1) it is calculated according to distribution transformer low-pressure side voltage operation constraint and the operation constraint of distribution transformer load factor
The distribution transformer operation lifecycle T for being connected with distributed photovoltaic is 26 years；
(2) multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in above-mentioned service life week unconventional T are calculated, namely
Initial outlay cost CIFor 8.20 ten thousand yuan, operating cost CWFor 4.53 ten thousand yuan, repair and maintenance cost COFor 6.28 ten thousand yuan, failure at
This CFFor 22.14 ten thousand yuan and retired cost of disposal CDIt is 0.05 ten thousand yuan；
(3) algebraical sum for seeking multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as the cost of distribution transformer namely C
=CI+CW+CO+CF+CD=41.20 ten thousand yuan；And if according to traditional way, i.e., by the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer
Fixed setting is 20 years, and the cost being calculated based on this assessment is 34.16 ten thousand yuan, it can be seen that conventional method does not account for
The influence of distributed photovoltaic, load type and distribution transformer operating condition to the distribution transformer service life, and then assess and obtain
Distribution transformer cost it is relatively fewer, as a result relatively conservative, confidence level is lower.
The corresponding above method, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cost computing devices of distribution transformer, wherein matches
Piezoelectric transformer is connect with distributed photovoltaic, which includes:
Operation lifecycle computing module 302, for running constraint and load according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer
Rate operation constraint, is calculated the operation lifecycle of distribution transformer；
Cost impact factor values computing module 304, for calculate distribution transformer in operation lifecycle it is multiple at
This influence factor value；Multiple cost impact factor values include at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, event
Hinder a variety of in cost and retired cost of disposal；
Cost calculation module 306, for seeking the algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values, using algebraical sum as distribution
The cost of transformer.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cost computing devices of distribution transformer, pass through operation lifecycle first
Distribution transformer is calculated according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation constraint in computing module
The operation lifecycle of device；And then distribution transformer is calculated in operation lifecycle by cost impact factor values computing module
Interior multiple cost impact factor values；The algebraical sum of multiple cost impact factor values is finally sought by cost calculation module, and will
Cost of the algebraical sum as distribution transformer.The embodiment of the present invention comprehensively consider first distribution transformer low-pressure side voltage and
Influence of the load factor for operation lifecycle calculates operation lifecycle；And then calculate the cost of distribution transformer.It compares
The mode of distribution transformer cost is calculated in the service life time limit that the prior art is directly based upon fixed setting, confidence level is higher, can
Effective scientific guidance is provided for distribution transformer type selecting.
Further, the embodiment of the invention provides the cost computing devices of another distribution transformer, in the basis of Fig. 3
On, the specific structure of above-mentioned operation lifecycle computing module 302 is shown in detail, referring to fig. 4, above-mentioned service life week
Phase computing module 302 includes:
First service life range calculation unit 402 runs according to the low-pressure side of distribution transformer and constrains, is calculated
Meet the first service life range of the distribution transformer of low-pressure side operation constraint.
Second service life range calculation unit 404 runs according to the load factor of distribution transformer and constrains, is calculated
Meet the second service life range of the distribution transformer of load factor operation constraint.
Operation lifecycle determination unit 406, will be in the intersection of the first service life range and the second service life range
Maximum value, the operation lifecycle as distribution transformer.
The technical effect of device provided by the present embodiment, realization principle and generation is identical with previous embodiment, for letter
It describes, Installation practice part does not refer to place, can refer to corresponding contents in preceding method embodiment.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed systems, devices and methods, it can be with
It realizes by another way.The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the division of the unit,
Only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, in another example, multiple units or components
It can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, it is shown or
The mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some communication interfaces, device or unit
Indirect coupling or communication connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, as unit
The component of display may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over more
In a network unit.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
Purpose.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.
It, can if the function is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and when sold or used as an independent product
To be stored in the executable non-volatile computer-readable storage medium of a processor.Based on this understanding, this hair
Substantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be with soft in other words for bright technical solution
The form of part product embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are to make
It obtains a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) and executes each embodiment of the present invention
The all or part of the steps of the method.And storage medium above-mentioned include: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM,
Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. it is various
It can store the medium of program code.
Finally, it should be noted that embodiment described above, only a specific embodiment of the invention, to illustrate this hair
Bright technical solution, rather than its limitations, scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, although right with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: any technology for being familiar with the art
Personnel in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can still modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment
Or variation or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features can be readily occurred in；And these modifications, variation or replacement,
The spirit and scope for technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, should all cover in this hair
Within bright protection scope.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of cost accounting of distribution transformer, which is characterized in that the distribution transformer is connect with distributed photovoltaic,
The described method includes:
According to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor operation constraint, the distribution transformer is calculated
Operation lifecycle；
Calculate multiple cost impact factor values of the distribution transformer in the operation lifecycle；It is the multiple at umbra
Factor values are rung to include at least in initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance cost, failure cost and retired cost of disposal
It is a variety of；
The algebraical sum for seeking the multiple cost impact factor values, using the algebraical sum as the cost of the distribution transformer.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described run about according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer
The step of beam and load factor operation constrain, the operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer are calculated, comprising:
It is run and is constrained according to the low-pressure side of distribution transformer, the distribution change for meeting the low-pressure side operation constraint is calculated
First service life range of depressor；
It is run and is constrained according to the load factor of distribution transformer, the distribution change for meeting the load factor operation constraint is calculated
Second service life range of depressor；
By the maximum value in the intersection of the first service life range and the second service life range, as the distribution
The operation lifecycle of transformer.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the low-pressure side of the distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: institute
The voltage value of the low-pressure side of distribution transformer is stated in ± 7% range of the nominal voltage of the distribution transformer；Described first
Service life range obtains in the following manner:
It obtainsI when establishment1Value set；
Wherein, V2NFor the nominal voltage of the low-pressure side of the distribution transformer；Indicate i-th1The jth class weather t period in year
The distribution transformer low-pressure side voltage value；
Based on the i1Value set, determine the first service life range.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the load factor of the distribution transformer runs constraint are as follows: institute
The load factor for stating distribution transformer is more than or equal to 0, and is less than or equal to 1；The second service life range obtains in the following manner
It arrives:
It obtainsI when establishment2Value set；
Wherein,It is i-th2The average load active power of the distribution transformer of t period in year,It is i-th2Year jth
The average active power of the distributed photovoltaic of class weather t period；It is i-th2The distribution transformer of t period in year
The average load reactive power of the low-pressure side of device；STNFor the rated capacity of the distribution transformer；
Based on the i2Value set, determine the second service life range.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the initial outlay cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, CIFor the initial outlay cost；xTFor the model of the distribution transformer；STNFor the volume of the distribution transformer
Constant volume；G () is the function that the initial outlay cost of the distribution transformer changes with the rated capacity and the model；
r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the operating cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein,
PDi,t=(1+ η)i-1PD1,tI=2,3 ..., T；
Wherein, CWFor the operating cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer；E is comprehensive electricity
Valence；NG is weather pattern scene number；tdFor the when number of segment in one day；P0And PkThe no-load loss of the respectively described distribution transformer
With the load loss of the distribution transformer；βi,j,tFor 1 year jth class weather pattern and the distribution transformer of t period
Rate of average load；ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather；SDi,j,tFor the distribution of 1 year jth class weather t period
The apparent energy of transformer；STNFor the rated capacity of the distribution transformer；PDi,tBecome for the distribution of 1 year t period
The average load active power of depressor；PGi,j,tFor 1 year jth class weather t period the distributed photovoltaic it is average active
Power；QDi,tFor the average load reactive power of the low-pressure side of the distribution transformer of 1 year t period；PD1,tIt is the 1st year
The average load active power of the distribution transformer of t period；η is load rise ratio.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the repair and maintenance cost is obtained by following formula:
CO=CDX+CXX；
Wherein,
Wherein, COFor the repair and maintenance cost；CDXFor overhaul expense of the distribution transformer in the operation lifecycle T
With；CXXFor light maintenance expense of the distribution transformer in the operation lifecycle T；r0For discount rate；T is distribution change
The operation lifecycle of depressor；cdFor single overhaul cost；cxFor single light maintenance expense；M is overhaul number；Floor () is indicated
Decimal is rounded downwards.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the failure cost is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, Ccfi=Cssi+εCjxi；
Cssi=KdtgPavie；
Wherein, CFFor the failure cost；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer；CcfiIt is i-th
The failure cost expense of the distribution transformer in year；CssiBreakdown loss for 1 year distribution transformer takes；ε is institute
State distribution transformer year accident rate；CjxiFor the corrective maintenance costs of 1 year distribution transformer；KdMultiple is converted for electricity price；
tgFor the annual forced outage time；PaviFor the average active power of 1 year distribution transformer；NG is weather pattern field
Scape number；tdFor the when number of segment in one day；ωjThe probability occurred for jth class weather；PDi,tFor the distribution of 1 year t period
The average load active power of transformer；PGi,j,tBeing averaged for the distributed photovoltaic for 1 year jth class weather t period has
Function power；η is load rise ratio.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the retired cost of disposal is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, CDFor the retired cost of disposal；r0For discount rate；T is the operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer；CbfFor
Scrap cost of the distribution transformer in the operation lifecycle；CczIt is the distribution transformer in the service life
Remanent value of equipment in period takes.
10. a kind of cost computing device of distribution transformer, which is characterized in that the distribution transformer and distributed photovoltaic connect
It connects, described device includes:
Operation lifecycle computing module, for being run about according to the low-pressure side voltage of distribution transformer operation constraint and load factor
The operation lifecycle of the distribution transformer is calculated in beam；
Cost impact factor values computing module, for calculate the distribution transformer in the operation lifecycle it is multiple at
This influence factor value；The multiple cost impact factor values include at least initial outlay cost, operating cost, repair and maintenance at
Originally, a variety of in failure cost and retired cost of disposal；
Cost calculation module, for seeking the algebraical sum of the multiple cost impact factor values, using the algebraical sum as described in
The cost of distribution transformer.
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| CN111260152A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Optimized type selection method for distribution transformer |
| CN113255991B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2024-02-02 | 长沙理工大学 | On-load voltage regulating transformer optimal configuration method, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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