CN109297780A - A kind of sampling method in liquidplastic limit combined method - Google Patents
A kind of sampling method in liquidplastic limit combined method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the sampling methods in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method, the soil sample handled well filling soil sample is modulated into tool, it is compacted naturally with compactor, pure water is injected into soil sample modulation tool, it is stood through naturally osmotic and overlay film, it fully penetrates into backwater above soil sample up to sample, surface layer sample is taken with sample cup for liquid, up to high-moisture percentage sample, sample modulation tool endosexine soil is struck off with scraper, it is sampled with sample cup for liquid up to middle moisture content sample, strikes off sample with scraper again, sampled with sample cup for liquid up to low-water-content sample.Soil cream dry density has good identity when preparation method and sampling method of the invention can ensure repeatedly to sample, the Atterberg Limit index of most of cohesive soils can be covered, it avoids national standard and recommends the shortcomings that needing multiple complementary testing in method implementation process, greatly improve working efficiency, with test efficiency height, 3 points are significantly promoted at line rate, and test result repeatability is strong to wait remarkable advantages.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil samples and detecting fields, are related to a kind of sampling method, and in particular to a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method
In sampling method.
Background technique
When the physical state of the agriculture soil of Sweden agronomist A Taibao (Atteberg) research in 1911, it is believed that particulate
Soil will be respectively at different physical states according to the difference of water content, thus propose five stages of the soil from solid-state to liquid,
Be introduced into soil mechanics by Tai Shaji later, until further after development, now in civil engineering construction field to this
It builds consensus, i.e., " fine grained soil is respectively at flow regime, plastic state, semi-solid state and solid-like due to moisture content difference
State." the boundary moisture content of above-mentioned consistency state when changing is defined as limit moisture content, respectively liquid limit, plastic limit and contracting
Limit, further defines the difference between liquid limit and plastic limit in China existing " native engineering classification standard " (GB/T50145-2007)
For plasticity index, while by drawing with plasticity index IPFor ordinate, liquid limit wLFine grained soil is carried out for the diagram of forgeability behaviour of abscissa
Classification.Therefore, in engineering practice, the limit moisture content of the Accurate Determining soil body holds implementation particulate soil classification, calculating ground
It is significant to carry power etc..
Soil sample in chinese national standard " limit moisture content test " (SL237-007-1999) liquid limit plastic limit simultaneous determination method
The technical essential of preparation and sampling is as follows: when using soil sample is air-dried, the Representative soil sample about 200g for taking 0.5mm to sieve is divided into
It three parts, is respectively put into the native ware of 3 Shengs, the pure water of different number is added, makes to respectively reach aqueous described in this regulation 3.3.2
Rate is tuned into uniform soil cream, is then placed in the moisturizing cylinder of sealing, stands 24 hours；The soil cream prepared is abundant with the native knife of tune
It stirs evenly, densely inserts in sample cup for liquid, air should be made to overflow, the remaining soil for being higher by sample cup for liquid is struck off with scraper, with will
Sample cup for liquid is placed on instrument base.In above-mentioned technical essential, primary test must prepare soil cream in three times, and in soil cream preparation process
Sample cup for liquid need to be manually stirred and insert, therefore the soil cream dry density of three kinds of different water cuts certainly exists difference, eventually leads to circle
Boring is in non-linear relation between submergence depth and moisture content.
Just because the probability for occurring above-mentioned non-linear relation in the process in view of test is higher, correction side is given in specification
Case, i.e., " when 3 points not point-blank, two straight lines are a little linked to be with remaining two o'clock by high-moisture percentage, under circular cone
Heavy depth is to check in corresponding moisture content at 2mm, should be with the two o'clock moisture content when the difference of two moisture content is less than 2%
The point of average value and high-moisture percentage connects being aligned, when the difference of two moisture content is greater than, equal to 2%, should have a penalty heat." so
And practical experience proves, to meet the test error requirement in specification, on the one hand needs higher test operation technology water
It is flat, replacement operation technical staff is unable to when on the other hand same soil sample is tested in batches.Otherwise it or needs repeatedly to do for supplement examination
It tests or test result discrete type is larger.
Just it is being limited to existing combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits experimental technique there are still segmental defect, domestic and foreign scholars contain ocean, Zhang Huai
Benevolence, SharmaBinu, Peng Yi, Zhao Xiu continue etc. and to improve its test essence from the angle that data processing and experimental technique optimize respectively
Degree, Zhang Hongtao, late silver-colored wave etc. propose a kind of more simple and easy more ware methods for improving experimental technique.But the above method is equal
Do not solve the inconsistent phenomenon of the dry density being likely to occur in sample making course inherently.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method, intend by a sub-percolation,
The soil sample that moisture content level is abundant, dry density is relatively uniform is modulated in Stratified Sampling, and then is implemented bevel-type instrument Atterberg Limit joint and surveyed
Fixed test.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of sampling method in liquidplastic limit combined method, comprising the following steps:
1) soil sample modulation tool inner wall is uniformly smeared into vaseline, the soil sample that 0.5mm sieve is crossed after air-drying inserts soil sample tune
Tool processed, and it is densified to height naturally not less than 200mm with compactor；
2) it is 50mm that pure water to liquid level is added into soil sample modulation tool, through naturally osmotic and overlay film stand for 24 hours, to
Backwater fully penetrates into up to sample above soil sample；
3) after sample preparation, take surface layer sample to get high-moisture percentage sample with sample cup for liquid, and then struck off with scraper
The soil layer of high-moisture percentage sample in sample modulation tool is sampled up to middle moisture content sample with sample cup for liquid, uses scraper again
The soil layer of middle moisture content sample is struck off, is sampled with sample cup for liquid up to low-water-content sample.
Soil cream dry density has fine when preparation method and sampling method in the process of the present invention can ensure repeatedly to sample
Identity, thereby eliminate dry density to the adverse effect of final test result, overall moisture content be distributed in 17%-45% it
Between, the Atterberg Limit index of most of cohesive soils can be covered substantially, created primary condition for further test measurement, avoided
National standard recommends the shortcomings that needing multiple complementary testing in method implementation process, greatly improves working efficiency, has test efficiency height,
3 points are significantly promoted at line rate, and test result repeatability is strong to wait remarkable advantages.
Further, soil sample modulation tool is that outer diameter is 200mm and pvc pipe closed at one end.Soil sample compactor is that outer diameter is
195mm is highly 30mm and the handled discus of upper end weldering.Sample cup for liquid is that diameter is 50mm, is highly 40mm, and bottom is reserved straight
Diameter is the stainless steel material sample cup for liquid of 2mm air hole.The method of sampling is that bottom is reserved to the sample cup for liquid pressing in sample of air hole
Soil layer obtains the soil cream of the nearly saturation state of each layer, and strikes off soil cream in sample cup for liquid with scraper.
Of the invention soil sample modulation tool and sample cup for liquid can effectively ensure during limit moisture content test in sample cup for liquid not
With moisture content soil sample can dry density having the same in conjunction with sample preparation and sampling method can effectively improve accuracy in detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 1 dry density of the embodiment of the present invention with soil depth change curve；
Fig. 2 is 1 moisture content of the embodiment of the present invention and soil depth relation curve；
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 with the moisture content and cone of national standard (GB/T50123-1999) sample for recommending method to draw
Enter depth actual measurement relation curve；
Fig. 4, which is the embodiment of the present invention 2, enters depth with the moisture content and cone that vertically permeate the sample of method of stratified sampling drafting
It is curve；
Fig. 5 is the liquid limit relativity figure of 2 two kinds of test methods of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the plastic limit relativity figure of 2 two kinds of test results of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the plasticity index relativity figure of 2 two kinds of test results of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Following embodiment carries out measurement using the GYS-III type liquid plastic combine tester of Zhejiang Zhong Ke instrument plant production
Test.
Embodiment 1
The applicability of test method after improving for verifying carries out parallel check experiment to 3 kinds of soil samples, and test is taken respectively with soil
Building construction site from Nanchang City and periphery, 3 kinds of soil samples of screened experimental test are fine grained soil, the content of organic matter less than 1%,
Meet the related request of limit moisture content test (SL237-007-1999) standard.Wherein, soil sample 1 is rich in clay mineral, air-dries
It is afterwards in peony；2 sticky content of soil sample takes second place, and is in buff；3 sticky content of soil sample is minimum, in light yellow.
Specific testing program are as follows: after above-mentioned three kinds of tests are crossed 0.5mm sieve with soil, soil sample modulation tool inner wall is uniformly applied
Vaseline is smeared, the soil sample filling soil sample that 0.5mm sieve is crossed after air-drying modulates tool, and it is not low to be densified to compactor height naturally
In 200mm, it is 50mm that pure water to liquid level is added into soil sample modulation tool, is stood through naturally osmotic and overlay film for 24 hours, to soil
Backwater fully penetrates into up to sample above sample.
Placement in layers soil sample height 400mm in soil sample modulation tool examines prepared examination respectively after vertical naturally osmotic
The dry density uniformity and separated layer water cut otherness effect of sample finally repeat to prepare sample development liquid limit plastic limit simultaneous determination examination
It tests, and the test method recommended with national standard does comparative analysis.
After prepared by soil cream, soil sample within the scope of skim-coat 5cm is scraped, is sampled from top to bottom for mono- layer according to every 5cm, when sampling
Sample cup for liquid is pressed into soil cream, every layer of soil cream samples 3 glasss in parallel, then measures taken soil cream dry density respectively.It is different deep after measured
The dry density distribution situation of place preparation soil cream is spent as shown in Figure 1, as can be seen from the figure with the increase of soil depth, sample
1 average dry density is 1.71g/cm3, along depth increase and decrease amplitude between 0%~2.3%；The average dry density of sample 2 is
1.76g/cm3, along depth increase and decrease amplitude between 0%~2%, the average dry density of sample 3 is 1.80g/cm3, increase and decrease along depth
Amplitude is all 0%~2%.The dry density variation of above-mentioned three kinds of samples has no direct relation with soil sample depth, can determine that as sample preparation
Chance phenomenon or operating error in the process；Worst error is less than 2.3%, which can be approximate to the influence bored into depth
Ignore.To sum up, it is believed that the soil cream technology of preparing after optimized can ensure to carry out in experimentation dry when soil cream repeatedly samples
Density has identity.
After measured at different depth the porous media situation of prepared soil cream as shown in Fig. 2, can each sample from figure
Moisture content reduced with the increase for taking native depth, the variation range of 1 moisture content of sample is 25%~45%, sample 2
The variation range of moisture content is between 22.5%~37.5%, and the variation range of 3 moisture content of sample is 17%~43%.In national standard
The soil cream allotment of recommendation need to carry out in three times, and be both needed to calculate amount of water every time, and the soil cream technology of preparing of optimization is without meter
The soil cream of basic overburden soil sample liquid limit and plastic limit can be disposably prepared in the case where calculating amount of water, working efficiency has with accuracy
Significantly promoted.
Embodiment 2
Enter depth and moisture content typical relation according to the cone that national standard recommends method to implement to draw after combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits test
Curve graph, as shown in figure 3, showing 3 kinds of soil sample institute measured data points in figure not on the same line.The test provided according to national standard
Data point reuse scheme is further analyzed after 2mm corresponding to straight line AB and straight line AC bores the difference of depth and is found, sample 1 is
5%, sample 2 is 7%, and sample 3 is 4%, and above-mentioned difference exceeds the limit value allowed in specification, it is necessary to which implementing test again can
Calculate liquid plastic limit.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that the measurement result of sample 1 and sample 2 shows at 3 points not point-blank, it can through further analyzing
Know straight line A1B1With A1C1It is 5% that corresponding 2mm, which is bored into depth difference, straight line A2B2With A2C21Corresponding 2mm is bored into depth
Difference is 7%, is more than the limit value allowed in specification, must test again can calculate Atterberg Limit.After said determination is tested,
After multiple complementary testing, repaint bore into depth and moisture content relationship as shown in figure 4, the liquid limit of sample 1 be 59.13%,
Plastic limit is 34.53%；The liquid limit of sample 2 is 41.56%, plastic limit 26.71；The liquid limit of sample 3 is 42.37%, and plastic limit is
28.91%.
It is primary to test after implementing Atterberg Limit measurement to three kinds of soil samples according to experimental technique optimization method given herein
Drawing, there is the cone of ideal effect to enter depth and moisture content relation curve, further can calculate Atterberg Limit by data fitting
Value.The liquid limit of sample 1 is 60.30%, plastic limit 35.10；The liquid limit of sample 2 is 42.68%, plastic limit 26.20%；Sample 3
Liquid limit is 41.85%, plastic limit 28.91%.It is specific that see Table 1 for details.
1 combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits test result (vertically permeating method of stratified sampling) of table
For the otherness for further comparing the optimization final measurement result of both front and back preparation of soil sample technology, spy draws out national standard
The relativity figure of recommendation method and the liquid limit of vertical infiltration method of stratified sampling, plastic limit and plasticity index, as shown in Fig. 5-Fig. 7.Figure
The liquid limit of middle display, sample 1 is maximum, and sample 2 and sample 3 are not much different, and the liquid limit difference that two kinds of test methods obtain is respectively
0.81%, 0.83%；The plastic limit of sample 1 is also maximum, and the gap of sample 2 and sample 3 is expanded compared with liquid limit, two kinds of test methods
Obtained plastic limit difference is 1.68%, 2.71% respectively；Since the apparent otherness of 3 plastic limit of sample 2 and sample leads to sample 2
Obviously expand with the plasticity index of sample 3, difference respectively reaches 3.03,1.9.From the perspective of deviation ratio: 1 national standard of sample pushes away
Recommend method and the deviation of liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index that vertical infiltration method of stratified sampling obtains be 1.8% respectively, 1.6%,
3.1%, sample 2 is respectively 2.6%, 1.9%, 3.81%, and sample 3 is 1.2%, 1.8% and 4%, two kinds of test methods
The liquid limit difference sample 2 arrived is maximum, is 2.6%, sample 1 takes second place；Sample 3 is minimum, plastic limit difference is also that sample 2 is maximum, reaches
1.9%, sample 3 takes second place, sample 1 is minimum；Plasticity index is all very big, and for the deviation ratio of three all 3% or more, this shows that national standard pushes away
It is little for recommending the otherness for the result that method and method of stratified sampling measure in different cohesive soils.But as a whole, except a
Outside other point, the deviation ratio of liquid limit and plastic limit is substantially all within 2%, can meet the qualitative research of cohesive soil and to its engineering
The overall assessment requirement of matter.
Claims (9)
1. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method, which comprises the following steps:
1) by soil sample modulation tool inner wall uniformly smear vaseline, by the soil sample handled well filling soil sample modulate tool, and with press
Real device is compacted naturally；
2) it is slowly injected into pure water into soil sample modulation tool, stands through naturally osmotic and overlay film, is seeped completely to backwater above soil sample
Enter up to sample；
3) after sample preparation, take surface layer sample to get high-moisture percentage sample with sample cup for liquid, and then strike off sample with scraper
The soil layer of high-moisture percentage sample in modulation tool is sampled up to middle moisture content sample with sample cup for liquid, is struck off again with scraper
The soil layer of middle moisture content sample is sampled with sample cup for liquid up to low-water-content sample.
2. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1)
It is 200mm that the soil sample modulation tool, which is outer diameter, is highly not less than 250mm and pvc pipe closed at one end.
3. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1)
It is 195mm that the soil sample compactor, which is outer diameter, is highly 30mm and the handled discus of upper end weldering.
4. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1)
The soil sample handled well is that the soil sample of 0.5mm sieve is crossed after air-drying.
5. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1)
Soil sample height after the compacting is not less than 200mm.
6. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2)
The additional amount of the pure water is that addition pure water to liquid level is 50mm.
7. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2)
The overlay film time of repose is for 24 hours.
8. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3)
The method of the sampling is that the sample cup for liquid pressing in sample soil layer that air hole is reserved in bottom is obtained to the soil cream of the nearly saturation state of each layer,
And soil cream in sample cup for liquid is struck off with scraper.
9. the sampling method in a kind of liquidplastic limit combined method according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that
The sample cup for liquid is that diameter is 50mm, is highly 40mm, and the stainless steel material sample cup for liquid that diameter is 2mm air hole is reserved in bottom.
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| CN109991392A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-09 | 中原工学院 | A kind of three valve wares and test method for soil test combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits |
| CN112730156A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-30 | 中国水利水电第十六工程局有限公司 | Method for comprehensively measuring dry water absorption of artificial sand saturated surface |
| CN113567303A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市市政工程总公司 | Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge |
| CN116698670A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-09-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Soil classification method for realizing agglomerate content evaluation |
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| CN109991392A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-09 | 中原工学院 | A kind of three valve wares and test method for soil test combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits |
| CN112730156A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-30 | 中国水利水电第十六工程局有限公司 | Method for comprehensively measuring dry water absorption of artificial sand saturated surface |
| CN113567303A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市市政工程总公司 | Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge |
| CN116698670A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-09-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Soil classification method for realizing agglomerate content evaluation |
| CN116698670B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-01-26 | 青岛理工大学 | Soil classification method for realizing agglomerate content evaluation |
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