CN109297205A - A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration utilizes system - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration utilizes system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109297205A CN109297205A CN201811156999.3A CN201811156999A CN109297205A CN 109297205 A CN109297205 A CN 109297205A CN 201811156999 A CN201811156999 A CN 201811156999A CN 109297205 A CN109297205 A CN 109297205A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 149
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
- H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integrations to utilize system, including condenser system, several vacuum tubes, water storage unit and battery, wherein vacuum tube includes the outer glass tube and glass inner tube of coaxial arrangement, the first solar panel being affixed on the outer wall of glass inner tube, arc glass partition in glass inner tube, the second solar battery being affixed on arc glass partition, the capping of seal glass inner tube, the fluid channel of closed circulation is formed between capping and arc glass partition and the inner wall of glass inner tube, filled with nano-fluid and equipped with micropump in the fluid channel of circulation, thermal diode is set to the front end of blank pipe, one end protrudes into fluid channel, the other end stretches in water storage unit, battery is electrically connected with the first solar panel and the second solar panel, the present invention can be improved solar energy Utilization rate exports high-quality heat energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy applications more particularly to a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration to utilize system.
Background technique
With becoming increasingly conspicuous for carbon reduction problem, one is become in worldwide to the exploration of new cleaning fuel
Upsurge.In clean reproducible energy, solar energy with its reserves abundance, clean and safe, it is widely distributed the advantages that further by
Scientific worker's likes.According to statistics, the energy that solar radiation reaches earth surface is up to 4 × 1015MW, about global energy consumption
2000 times.China possesses solar energy resources abundant, undoubtedly can be to China's economic development if the energy good solar energy of reasonable utilization
The environmental pollution and energy shortage problem faced generates important influence.
In the utilization of solar energy, light-heat, light-electricity conversion are most widely used.In " light-heat " conversion,
The advantages that vacuum tube type solar energy water heater is easy to operate with its, energy-saving clean rapidly become China use at present it is most common too
Positive energy product, is widely used to the wide geographic area of China, is particularly subject to the welcome of China's the vast rural areas.Existing photovoltaic
Light-heat integration utilizes in system, since heat cannot be timely transmitted to heat transfer medium by the solar panel in vacuum tube,
The problem of causing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar energy lower, exporting low-quality heat, so that the hot water temperature confessed is lower.
Summary of the invention
In response to the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integrations to utilize system
System can be improved solar energy utilization ratio, export high-quality heat energy.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration utilizes system, comprising:
Condenser system has several optically focused centers for assembling sunlight；
Several vacuum tubes, the vacuum tube are located at the optically focused center of the condenser system, and the vacuum tube includes:
Outer glass tube；
Glass inner tube is set in the outer glass tube, forms vacuum between the glass inner tube and the outer glass tube
Interlayer；
First solar panel is affixed on the outer wall of the glass inner tube；
Arc glass partition is set in the glass inner tube, and the concave surface of the arc glass partition is towards the glass
The axis of inner tube, the convex surface of the arc glass partition is towards first solar panel；
Capping, is set to the front end of the vacuum tube, the capping in the arc glass partition and the glass
Closed circulation fluid channel is formed between the inner wall of pipe；
Second solar panel is affixed on the concave surface of the arc glass partition, and second solar panel can
Absorb the sunlight of beam condensing unit convergence；
Nano-fluid is filled in the circulation of fluid channel；
Micropump is set in the circulation of fluid channel, for making nano-fluid in fluid channel internal circulation flow；
Thermal diode, is set to the front end of the vacuum tube, and one end of the thermal diode is protruded into fluid channel；
Water storage unit, the other end of the thermal diode stretch in the water storage unit, transfer heat to water storage list
Member；
Battery connects first solar panel and the second solar panel, stores first solar energy
The electric power that solar panel and the second solar panel generate.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the front end of the arc glass partition is equipped with arc semi-surrounding baffle, described
The convex surface of arc semi-surrounding baffle is tiltedly towards the second solar panel, and the concave surface of the arc semi-surrounding baffle is tiltedly towards envelope
Lid, forms thermal conductive zone between the concave surface of the arc semi-surrounding baffle and the inside of the glass inner tube, the thermal diode
One end is located in the thermal conductive zone.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the rear end of the glass inner tube and outer glass tube is the sealing of hemispherical round end,
The recessed rear end towards the glass inner tube of the hemisphere face of the glass inner tube.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the rear end of the arc glass partition is equipped with arc-shaped transition plate, the arc
The concave surface of transition plates is towards second solar panel, and the convex surface of the arc-shaped transition plate is towards the glass inner tube rear end
Hemisphere face.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the condenser system includes at least two light focusing units, the light focusing unit
Include:
First parabolic concave surface；
Second parabolic concave surface, second parabolic concave surface is identical as first parabolic concave surface, first parabolic concave surface
One end and one end of the second parabolic concave surface pass through horizontal axis rotation connection, when initial position, first parabolic concave surface and second
Parabolic concave surface constitutes a paraboloid；
Reflective mirror matrix is set on first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface, the reflective mirror matrix
Multiply multiple row miniscule including multirow；
Support, the both ends of the horizontal axis are supported on the support；
Elevating mechanism is used to support and adjusts the height of the other end of first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface
Degree, to change the shape of first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface；
Power mechanism, for providing power to the elevating mechanism；
Control system is connect with the power mechanism, for controlling the power mechanism, to control the elevating mechanism
Movement, rotate first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface around the horizontal axis, realize reflective mirror matrix follow spot；
Wherein, several light focusing units are arranged side by side, and have an optically focused center, institute between each adjacent two light focusing unit
State the top at optically focused center center between two neighboring light focusing unit.
According to one embodiment of present invention, first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface are aluminum foil plate.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the water storage unit includes:
Water storage box；
Water tank is drunk, is connect with the water outlet of water purifier, the water inlet of the water purifier is connect with the water storage box.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration further includes heat accumulation list using system
Member, the heat storage units include:
Heat accumulation cabinet, the heat accumulation cabinet are equipped with fluid inlet and fluid outlet；
First fluid pipeline is set in the heat storage box body, and the input end of the first fluid pipeline is from the fluid
Entrance stretching heat storage box is external, and the outlet end of the first fluid pipeline is protruded into outside cabinet from the fluid outlet；
Several composite phase-change material package tubes are set in the heat storage box body；
Insulating interlayer, is set between the composite phase-change material package tube and the composite phase-change material package tube
Between the inner wall of the heat accumulation cabinet；
Wherein, the composite phase-change material package tube includes:
Shell, the closed setting of shell；
Several phase-change material pipes, are set in the shell, wherein each phase-change material pipe includes:
First pipe；
Second pipe, is set in first pipe；
Phase-change material, fills and is encapsulated in and be formed by cavity by the inner wall of first pipe and the outer wall of second pipe
It is interior；
Second fluid pipeline, second pipe can be sheathed on the second fluid pipe；
The temperature of each phase-change material pipe is all different, and all phase-change material pipes are pressed by second fluid pipeline
Phase transition temperature is sequentially connected in series from high in the end, the end a of the second fluid pipeline phase-change material pipe high close to phase transition temperature, described
The end b of the second fluid pipeline phase-change material pipe low close to phase transition temperature, the end a and the end b of the second fluid pipeline are stretched respectively
Out outside shell；
All composite phase-change material package tubes are connected in parallel on the first fluid pipe by the both ends of second fluid pipeline
On road, the end a of all second fluid pipelines is connect with the input end of first fluid pipeline, all second fluid pipes
The end b in road is connect with the outlet end of first fluid pipeline, input end and the first fluid pipeline of the first fluid pipeline
Outlet end is connected to water storage unit.
According to one embodiment of present invention, first pipe is made of ceramic fibre, and the phase-change material is microcapsules
Phase-change material.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the insulating interlayer is made of ceramic fibre, the thickness of the ceramic fibre
For 0~1mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Nano-fluid in condenser system reflected sunlight to vacuum tube of the present invention, the frequency splitting technology of nano-fluid will
The solar radiation of wave band is effectively absorbed and utilized to the second solar panel, for producing electricity, by the second solar panel
One solar panel directly utilizes direct sunlight to produce electricity, and two solar panels work at the same time, to improve solar energy
Utilization rate；Nano-fluid circulation of fluid channel internal circulation flow can absorb two solar panels generation heat, two
It is a to cool down to solar panel, and nano-fluid is directly contacted with the second solar panel, and cooling heat transferring is high-efficient, by
Heat when nano-fluid can in time work two solar panels is taken away, and the thermic load of solar panel is avoided
With temperature rise, solar panel is made to keep higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the amount of heat of nano-fluid passes through hot two poles
Pipe reaches water storage unit, exports high-quality heat energy, allows the invention to the hot water for confessing higher temperature.
Wave band will be effectively absorbed and utilized by the second solar panel in the frequency splitting technology of nano-fluid in the present invention
For solar radiation to the second solar panel, the solar energy of remaining wave band is absorbed by nano-fluid is used for thermal-arrest, then heats up
Nano-fluid afterwards flows through thermal conductive zone, and since thermal diode acts on, water carries out high efficient heat exchanging in nano-fluid and water storage unit, defeated
Then high product thermal energy out flows to the first solar panel and second too to flow through the nano-fluid cooling of thermal conductive zone
Nanometer fluid passage between positive energy solar panel realizes collection thermal cycle, improves vacuum tube to two solar panels coolings
Collecting efficiency.
The optically focused center of condenser system in the present invention is located at the upper side of parabolic concave surface, compared with the prior art in it is poly-
Electro-optical device, without installing the bracket for being used to support energy absorbing device on parabolic concave surface, therefore the parabolic concave surface in the present invention can
Aluminum foil plate is used, to mitigate the weight and volume of condenser system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that system is utilized according to a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to the light focusing unit of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the a-a sectional view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram according to the vacuum tube of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is partial enlargement diagram at the A of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is partial enlargement diagram at the B of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram according to the vacuum tube of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram according to the heat storage units of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the connection schematic diagram according to the phase-change material pipe of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram according to the composite phase-change material package tube of the embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference
100- condenser system；110- optically focused center；120- miniscule；131- stretches interior bar；132- stretches outer bar；
140- motor；150- support；170- horizontal axis；The second parabolic of 180- concave surface；The first parabolic of 190- concave surface；
200- vacuum tube；210- outer glass tube；The first solar panel of 221-；The second solar panel of 222-；
230- glass inner tube；240- nano-fluid；250- circulation of fluid channel；261- arc semi-surrounding baffle；262- arc glass every
Plate；270- thermal diode；280- micropump；290- capping 290；
300- water storage unit；
400- heat storage units；410- heat accumulation cabinet；420- insulating interlayer；430- first fluid pipeline；440- composite phase-change
Material package pipe；441- phase-change material pipe；442- shell；443- second fluid pipeline；450- positioning device.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand this hair
It is bright.But the invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, those skilled in the art can be not
Similar improvement is done in the case where violating intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 to 11 is please referred to, a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration of embodiment according to the present invention utilizes system,
It include: condenser system 100, several vacuum tubes 200, water storage unit 300 and battery.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, several light focusing units of condenser system 100, light focusing unit include the first parabolic concave surface 190,
Second parabolic concave surface 180, reflective mirror matrix, support 150, elevating mechanism, power mechanism and control system.Second parabolic concave surface
180 is identical as the first parabolic concave surface 190, and one end of one end of the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 passes through horizontal axis
170 rotation connections, one end of the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 can rotate around horizontal axis 170, when initial position,
First parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 constitute a paraboloid, and the both ends of horizontal axis 170 are supported on support 150.
Preferably, the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 of the invention is all made of aluminum foil plate, have it is soft, prolong
The good feature of malleability, so that manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, light weight, at low cost.
For reflective mirror arranged in matrix on the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180, reflective mirror matrix includes multirow
Multiply multiple row miniscule 120, also, as shown in figure 3, all miniscules 120 are evenly arranged, in reasonable acceptance angle
Degree, preferably, miniscule 120 selects the rectangular reflective mirror of 100 × 100mm.Essence is enabled to using miniscule 120
Degree is high, reaches better spotlight effect.
As shown in Fig. 2, elevating mechanism is used to support and adjusts the another of the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180
The height of one end, to change the shape of the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180, if specifically, elevating mechanism includes
It is electronic that the other end bottom side of dry electrical retractor, the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 is all provided at least one
Telescopic device.As shown in Fig. 2, preferably, the other end bottom side of the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 is along cross
The axial direction of axis 170 is uniformly provided with three electrical retractors, so that the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 are more
Stablize.Preferably, electrical retractor includes flexible outer bar 132 and flexible interior bar 131, interior bar 131 of stretching is set to flexible outer
In bar 132, under the action of power mechanism motor 140, flexible interior bar 131 can move up and down along flexible outer bar 132, and keep
Make in selected position so as to adjust the height of the other end of corresponding first parabolic concave surface 190 or the second parabolic concave surface 180
The reflective mirror obtained on the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 receives most sunlights always, to improve the sun
The utilization rate of energy.
Control system is connect with motor 140, for controlling the revolving speed of motor 140, so that the movement of elevating mechanism is controlled,
It rotates the first parabolic concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 around horizontal axis 170, realizes that reflective mirror matrix is followed spot.
As shown in Fig. 2, several light focusing units are arranged side by side, there is an optically focused center between each adjacent two light focusing unit
110, the top at the center between two neighboring light focusing unit of optically focused center 110.
Each optically focused center 110 of condenser system 100 is equipped with a vacuum tube 200, the remittance at the most both ends of optically focused center 110
Accumulation is also respectively equipped with a vacuum tube 200, and utmostly to utilize sunlight, condenser system 100 reflexes to sunlight very
In blank pipe 200, since the top present invention of the optically focused center 110 between two neighboring light focusing unit is not necessarily on parabolic concave surface
Installation is used to support the bracket of vacuum tube 200, and directly vacuum tube 200 is supported on pedestal, therefore the parabolic concave surface in the present invention
The paraboloid of middle beam condensing unit can reduce hardness compared with the prior art, mitigate volume.And vacuum tube 200 will not block too
Sunlight projects on the first parabolic concave surface 19011 and the second parabolic concave surface 18010, improves focusing ratio.
According to one embodiment of present invention, miniscule 120 selects the rectangular reflective mirror of 100 × 100mm, the first parabolic
The size of the aluminium foil of concave surface 190 and the second parabolic concave surface 180 is 300 × 1800mm.
The calculation formula of focusing ratio C are as follows:
C=F1/F2
In formula, F1--- the area of the plane of incidence, m2；F2--- the area of receiving surface, m2。
The receiving surface of each light focusing unit amounts to 108 reflective mirrors, i.e. the area of the plane of incidence is 1.08m2, the face of receiving surface
Product is 0.328m2, so this nano-fluid thermal-arrest-electricity production pipe focusing ratio is 3.29.
As shown in figs. 4-7, vacuum tube 200 include outer glass tube 210, glass inner tube 230, the first solar panel 221,
Arc glass partition 262, the 290, second solar panel 222 of capping, nano-fluid 240, micropump 280 and thermal diode
270。
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, outer glass tube 210 and glass inner tube 230 are coaxial line circular sleeve, glass inner tube 230 is set
It sets in outer glass tube 210, the front end of outer glass tube 210 and glass inner tube 230 is ring packing, and rear end is that hemispherical round end is close
It seals, forms vacuum interlayer between two pipes.
Capping 290 is made of metal material, and the front end of vacuum tube 200 is arranged in capping 290, being capable of seal glass inner tube
230 front opening, capping 290 are equipped with screw thread, and 200 tail end of vacuum tube is equipped with fixed device, for connecting with external device (ED)
It is fixed, while reducing abrasion.Preferably, being equipped between capping 290 and outer glass tube 210 and the front end of glass inner tube 230
Insulating layer, insulating layer are ceramic fibre, ceramic fibre with a thickness of between 0~1mm.
First solar panel 221 is affixed on the outer wall of glass inner tube 230 by packaging adhesive film.
Arc glass partition 262 is set in glass inner tube 230, and the edge of arc glass partition 262 is perpendicular to glass inner tube
The cross section of 230 axis directions is arc, axis of the concave surface of arc glass partition 262 towards glass inner tube 230, arc glass
The convex surface face first of partition 262 too can solar panel.
The encapsulating face of second solar panel 222 is affixed on the concave surface of arc glass partition 262 by packaging adhesive film, and second
On the semiconductor surface of solar panel 222 plate one layer of thermal isolation film, thermal isolation film with a thickness of 1~10um.Second solar-electricity
Pond plate 222 directly utilizes the sunlight of light focusing unit convergence.Since the outer wall and arc glass partition 262 of glass inner tube 230 are equal
The first solar panel 221 and the flexible sun of the second solar panel 222 with crooked radian, therefore in the present embodiment
Energy solar panel, to be able to fit closely with the concave surface of the outer wall of glass inner tube 2303 and arc glass partition 262.Capping
The fluid channel of closed circulation is formed between 290 and arc glass partition 262 and the inner wall of glass inner tube 230.Due to arc
Glass partition 262 close to the first solar panel 221, as shown in fig. 6, the convex surface of arc glass partition 262 and with its face
Glass inner tube 2303 inner wall between fluid channel it is relatively narrow, the second solar panel 222 and in the glass of its face
Fluid channel between the inner wall of pipe 230 is wider.
Nano-fluid 240 is filled in circulation of fluid channel 250, and the nano-fluid 2404 in the present embodiment is by 5nmSiO2
Nanoparticle is made with matrix, and transmissivity is high, and the solar radiation of 200nm to 800nm wave band can be made to penetrate.Nano-fluid 240
Work can divide sunlight, and solar panel is effectively absorbed and utilized to the solar radiation of wave band through nano-fluid
240 are projeced into the second solar panel for efficiently producing electricity, and the solar radiation of remaining wave band is absorbed by nano-fluid 2404 to be used
In heat production.
The front end of arc glass partition 262 is equipped with arc semi-surrounding baffle 261, and the convex surface of arc semi-surrounding baffle 261 is oblique
Towards the second solar panel 222, the concave surface of arc semi-surrounding baffle 261 is tiltedly towards capping 290, arc semi-surrounding baffle
Thermal conductive zone is formed between 261 concave surface and the inside of glass inner tube 230.The rear end of arc glass partition 262 is equipped with arc-shaped transition
Plate, the concave surface of arc-shaped transition plate is towards the second solar panel 222, and the convex surface of arc-shaped transition plate is towards after glass inner tube 230
The hemisphere face at end, so that the transition region of relatively narrow fluid channel and wider fluid channel is in flaring shape, so that from nano-fluid
240 will not reflux when flowing into from relatively narrow fluid channel to wider fluid channel.
As shown in figure 5, micropump 280 is set in circulation of fluid channel 250, for keeping nano-fluid 240 logical in fluid
Road internal circulation flow, nano-fluid 240 is successively by thermal conductive zone, relatively narrow fluid channel, using the tail end of glass inner tube 230
After flow into wider fluid channel.
As shown in figure 4, thermal diode 270 is set to the front end of vacuum tube 200, one end of thermal diode 270, which stretches to, is led
In hot-zone, the other end of thermal diode 270 is located at external water storage unit 300 connection of outer glass tube 210.Pass through thermal diode
270 effect, nano-fluid 240 and water storage unit 300 carry out high efficient heat exchanging and export high product thermal energy.
300 water storage box of water storage unit and water tank is drunk, the water outlet for drinking water tank and water purifier connects, and water purifier enters water
Mouth is connect with water storage box, and straight drink hot water can be provided for user.
Battery connects the first solar panel 221 and the second solar panel 222, stores the first solar battery
The electric power that plate 221 and the second solar panel 222 generate, the illumination and system operation for mainly solving user use.
As illustrated in figs. 8-11, heat storage units 400 include heat accumulation cabinet 410, first fluid pipeline 430, several composite phase-changes
Material package pipe 440 and insulating interlayer 420.
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, heat accumulation cabinet 410 is supported by aluminium alloy, heat accumulation cabinet 410 be equipped with fluid inlet and
Fluid outlet, first fluid pipeline 430 are set in heat accumulation cabinet 410, and the input end of first fluid pipeline 430 is from fluid inlet
It stretches out outside heat accumulation cabinet 410, the outlet end of first fluid pipeline 430 is protruded into outside cabinet from fluid outlet.
As shown in figure 9, several composite phase-change material package tubes 440 are set in heat accumulation cabinet 410, it is as shown in figure 11, multiple
Closing phase-change material package tube 440 includes shell 442, several phase-change material pipes 441 and second fluid pipeline 443, and shell 442 is by aluminium
Alloy is made, and to be cylindric, both ends are equipped with end cover, and several phase-change material pipes 441 are arranged in shell 442, phase-change material
Pipe 441 includes the first pipe, the second pipe and phase-change material, and the first pipe and the second pipe are hollow circuit cylinder light, and the second pipe is coaxially set
It sets in outer tube, forms toroidal cavity between the outer wall of the second pipe and the inner wall of outer tube, phase-change material is filled in toroidal cavity.
As preferential, phase-change material is microencapsulated phase change material, and inner tube can be set on second fluid channel, with second fluid channel
Transition fit enables the fluid in fluid channel sufficiently to exchange heat with phase-change material.Phase transformation in single phase-change material pipe 441
The phase transition temperature of material is identical, and the phase transition temperature of the phase-change material in each phase-change material pipe 441 is all different, and forms certain phase
Temperature gradient, as shown in Figure 10, all phase-change material pipes 441 press phase transition temperature from high in the end by second fluid pipeline 443
It is sequentially connected in series, the end a of the second fluid pipeline 443 phase-change material pipe 441 high close to phase transition temperature, the b of second fluid pipeline 443
It holds close to the low phase-change material pipe 441 of phase transition temperature, the end a and the end b of second fluid pipeline 443 are respectively from the top of shell 442
The outside of shell 442 is stretched out with bottom end.
As shown in figure 8, all composite phase-change material package tubes 440 are connected in parallel on by the both ends of second fluid pipeline 443
On one fluid line 430, the end a of all second fluid pipelines 443 is connect with the input end of first fluid pipeline 430, is owned
The end b of second fluid pipeline 443 is connect with the outlet section of first fluid pipeline 430.Each composite phase-change material package tube 440
Between be equipped with positioning device 450, be used to support fixed composite phase-change material package tube 440.The input end of first fluid pipeline 430
It is connected to water storage unit 300 with the outlet end of first fluid pipeline 430.Hot water in water storage unit 300 passes through heat storage units
After 400, heat can be stored in heat accumulation cabinet 410 by heat storage units 400, cold in water storage unit 300 when not having sunlight
Water flows through heat storage units 400, i.e., absorbable heat provides hot water for user.
Insulating interlayer 420 is set between composite phase-change material package tube 440 and composite phase-change material package tube 440
Between the inner wall of heat accumulation cabinet 410；Preferably, insulating interlayer 420 is made of ceramic fibre, ceramic fibre with a thickness of 0
~1mm.
Heat storage units 400 of the invention will be filled with the phase-change material pipe 441 of phase-change material by second fluid pipeline 443
With phase transition temperature being sequentially connected with from high to low, the phase-change material pipe 441 after each series connection is encapsulated and composite phase-change material
Expect package tube 440, and each composite phase-change material package tube 440 is arranged in parallel, high temperature fluid passes through first fluid pipeline 430
The highest phase-change material pipe 441 of phase transition temperature in each composite phase-change material package tube is initially entered, phase transformation is then sequentially entered
The lower phase-change material pipe 441 of temperature, in the phase-change material filled in phase-change material pipe, high temperature fluid has heat storage
Flowing temperature is constantly decreased up to lower than composite phase-change material in the phase-change material pipe 441 of the different phase transition temperatures of phase transition temperature gradient
Expect package tube 440 in phase-change material pipe 441 minimum phase transition temperature, thus heat obtain step storage, conversely, cryogen from
The outlet end of first fluid pipeline 430 enters, reverse to flow into composite phase-change material package tube 440, and fluid continuously flows absorption heat
Amount increases temperature constantly until being higher than 4415 highest phase transition temperature of phase-change material pipe in composite phase-change material package tube 4404, rises
Fluid after temperature is flowed out from the input end of first fluid pipeline 430, is realized cascaded utilization of energy, is improved heat accumulation efficiency, heat
Utilization efficiency, while improving heat utilization quality.
The course of work of the invention:
Each vacuum tube 200 is located at each optically focused center 110, the first solar panel 221 in vacuum tube 200
The sunlight for directly receiving direct projection, for producing electricity, as shown in Fig. 2, condenser system 100 will be in collected sunlight reflecting condensation
The heart 110, as shown in fig. 7, sunlight converges at the nano-fluid 240 circulated, nano-fluid 240 through outer glass tube 210
The sunlight of convergence is divided, the solar radiation that wave band can be effectively absorbed and utilized in the second solar panel 222 is thrown
It penetrates in the second solar panel 222, for producing electricity, the first solar panel 221 and the second solar panel 222 are in parallel
Work improves efficiency of fuel cell generation, and producing electricity can be stored in battery for the illumination for solving user and system operation use.Optically focused system
The solar radiation of remaining wave band in 100 adopted sunlights of system is absorbed by nano-fluid 240 is used for heat production, in miniature circulating pump
Under the action of, 240 directed flow of nano-fluid of heat is loaded with to heat exchanging chamber, is acted on by the thermal diode 270 in heat exchanging chamber,
Nano-fluid 240 and water storage unit 300 carry out high efficient heat exchanging and export high product thermal energy, and the nano-fluid 240 after heat exchanging chamber loses
Heat is removed, temperature reduces, and then flows into relatively narrow fluid channel, can realize thermal-arrest simultaneously to two solar panel coolings
Circulation.Heat when nano-fluid 240 works two solar panels is taken away in time, avoids the heat of solar panel negative
Lotus and temperature rise make solar panel keep higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and guarantee that work safety is stablized.
Water storage box in water storage unit 300 is heated to higher temperature with the water drunk in water tank, if user is temporarily not required to
It uses, by water storage box and/or drinks water tank and connect with heat storage units 400, heat is stored in heat storage units 400, water storage list
Hot water in member 300 flows into device by the input end in first fluid channel, and the end a through each second fluid channel enters each
In composite phase-change material package tube 440, the phase-change material pipe 441 being respectively connected in series in composite phase-change material package tube 440 is flowed through simultaneously
Exchange heat by each inner tube, in the phase-change material filled in each phase-change material pipe 441, high temperature fluid is having heat storage
There is flowing temperature in the phase-change material pipe 4415 of the different phase transition temperatures of phase transition temperature gradient constantly to decrease up to lower than compound phase
Become the minimum phase transition temperature of phase-change material pipe 441 in material package pipe 440, so that heat obtains step storage, the high temperature after cooling
Fluid temperature (F.T.) flows out each composite phase-change material package tube 440, flows out finally by the outlet end in first fluid channel.
When evening or rainy days, when the water in water storage unit 300 cannot be heated, the cold water in water storage unit 300 is logical
The outlet end for crossing first fluid channel inversely flows into composite phase-change material package tube 440, passes through the phase-change material pipe being respectively connected in series
441 inner tube exchanges heat, and original is stored in the release of the heat echelon in phase-change material, and fluid, which continuously flows absorption heat, makes temperature
It constantly increases until being higher than 441 highest phase transition temperature of phase-change material pipe in composite phase-change material package tube 440, the fluid after heating
For users to use from the outflow of the outlet end in first fluid channel.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration utilizes system characterized by comprising
Condenser system has several optically focused centers for assembling sunlight；
Several vacuum tubes, the vacuum tube are located at the optically focused center of the condenser system, and the vacuum tube includes:
Outer glass tube；
Glass inner tube is set in the outer glass tube, forms vacuum interlayer between the glass inner tube and the outer glass tube；
First solar panel is affixed on the outer wall of the glass inner tube；
Arc glass partition is set in the glass inner tube, and the concave surface of the arc glass partition is towards the glass inner tube
Axis, the convex surface of the arc glass partition is towards first solar panel；
Capping, is set to the front end of the vacuum tube, the capping and the arc glass partition and the glass inner tube
The fluid channel of closed circulation is formed between inner wall；
Second solar panel, is affixed on the concave surface of the arc glass partition, and second solar panel can absorb
The sunlight of beam condensing unit convergence；
Nano-fluid is filled in the circulation of fluid channel；
Micropump is set in the circulation of fluid channel, for making nano-fluid in fluid channel internal circulation flow；
Thermal diode, is set to the front end of the vacuum tube, and one end of the thermal diode is protruded into fluid channel；
Water storage unit, the other end of the thermal diode stretch in the water storage unit, transfer heat to water storage unit；
Battery connects first solar panel and the second solar panel, stores first solar battery
The electric power that plate and the second solar panel generate.
2. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the arc glass
The front end of glass partition is equipped with arc semi-surrounding baffle, and the convex surface of the arc semi-surrounding baffle is tiltedly towards the second solar battery
Plate, the concave surface of the arc semi-surrounding baffle is tiltedly towards capping, the concave surface of the arc semi-surrounding baffle and the glass inner tube
Inside between form thermal conductive zone, one end of the thermal diode is located in the thermal conductive zone.
3. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that in the glass
The rear end of pipe and outer glass tube is that hemispherical round end seals, and the hemispherical convex surface of the glass inner tube is towards the glass inner tube
Rear end.
4. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 3 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the arc glass
The rear end of glass partition is equipped with arc-shaped transition plate, and the concave surface of the arc-shaped transition plate is described towards second solar panel
Hemisphere face of the convex surface of arc-shaped transition plate towards the glass inner tube rear end.
5. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the optically focused system
System includes at least two light focusing units, and the light focusing unit includes:
First parabolic concave surface；
Second parabolic concave surface, second parabolic concave surface is identical as first parabolic concave surface, and the one of first parabolic concave surface
End is rotatablely connected with one end of the second parabolic concave surface by horizontal axis, when initial position, first parabolic concave surface and the second parabolic
Concave surface constitutes a paraboloid；
Reflective mirror matrix is set on first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface, and the reflective mirror matrix includes
Multirow multiplies multiple row miniscule；
Support, the both ends of the horizontal axis are supported on the support；
Elevating mechanism is used to support and adjusts the height of the other end of first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface,
To change the shape of first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface；
Power mechanism, for providing power to the elevating mechanism；
Control system is connect with the power mechanism, for controlling the power mechanism, to control the dynamic of the elevating mechanism
Make, rotate first parabolic concave surface and second parabolic concave surface around the horizontal axis, realizes that reflective mirror matrix is followed spot；
Wherein, several light focusing units are arranged side by side, and have an optically focused center between each adjacent two light focusing unit, described poly-
The top at light center center between two neighboring light focusing unit.
6. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 5 utilizes system, which is characterized in that described first throws
Object concave surface and second parabolic concave surface are aluminum foil plate.
7. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the water storage list
Member includes:
Water storage box；
Water tank is drunk, is connect with the water outlet of water purifier, the water inlet of the water purifier is connect with the water storage box.
8. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 1 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the photovoltaic light
The complementing integrated utilization system of thermal coupling further includes heat storage units, and the heat storage units include:
Heat accumulation cabinet, the heat accumulation cabinet are equipped with fluid inlet and fluid outlet；
First fluid pipeline is set in the heat storage box body, and the input end of the first fluid pipeline is from the fluid inlet
Stretching heat storage box is external, and the outlet end of the first fluid pipeline is protruded into outside cabinet from the fluid outlet；
Several composite phase-change material package tubes are set in the heat storage box body；
Insulating interlayer, is set between the composite phase-change material package tube and the composite phase-change material package tube and institute
Between the inner wall for stating heat accumulation cabinet；
Wherein, the composite phase-change material package tube includes:
Shell, the closed setting of shell；
Several phase-change material pipes, are set in the shell, wherein each phase-change material pipe includes:
First pipe；
Second pipe, is set in first pipe；
Phase-change material, fills and is encapsulated in and be formed by cavity by the inner wall of first pipe and the outer wall of second pipe；
Second fluid pipeline, second pipe can be sheathed on the second fluid pipe；
The temperature of each phase-change material pipe is all different, and all phase-change material pipes press phase transformation by second fluid pipeline
Temperature is sequentially connected in series from high in the end, the end a of the second fluid pipeline phase-change material pipe high close to phase transition temperature, and described second
The end b of the fluid line phase-change material pipe low close to phase transition temperature, the end a and the end b of the second fluid pipeline are stretched out outer respectively
Outside shell；
All composite phase-change material package tubes are connected in parallel on the first fluid pipeline by the both ends of second fluid pipeline,
The end a of all second fluid pipelines is connect with the input end of first fluid pipeline, the b of all second fluid pipelines
End is connect with the outlet end of first fluid pipeline, the input end of the first fluid pipeline and the outlet end of first fluid pipeline
It is connected to water storage unit.
9. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 8 utilizes system, which is characterized in that first pipe
It is made of ceramic fibre, the phase-change material is microencapsulated phase change material.
10. photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration according to claim 8 utilizes system, which is characterized in that the heat preservation
Interlayer is made of ceramic fibre, the ceramic fibre with a thickness of 0~1mm.
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