CN104101113A - Solar photothermal and photoelectric frequency division utilization system - Google Patents
Solar photothermal and photoelectric frequency division utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104101113A CN104101113A CN201410298252.7A CN201410298252A CN104101113A CN 104101113 A CN104101113 A CN 104101113A CN 201410298252 A CN201410298252 A CN 201410298252A CN 104101113 A CN104101113 A CN 104101113A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar photothermal and photoelectric frequency division utilization system, which comprises a condensing unit, a photothermal unit, a photoelectric unit and a heat recovery unit, wherein the condensing unit, the photothermal unit and the photoelectric unit are arranged from top to bottom in turn; the photothermal unit and the photoelectric unit are internally provided with a channel respectively, and are communicated by the channels; semiconductor nano fluid is contained in the channels; the flowing direction of the semiconductor nano fluid is from the photoelectric unit to the photothermal unit to cool the photoelectric unit, and photothermal and photoelectric frequency division is performed on sunlight passing through in the photothermal unit; the photothermal unit and the photoelectric unit are connected with the heat recovery unit through the respective internal channels to form a loop. By applying the solar photothermal and photoelectric frequency division utilization system, the working temperature of photovoltaic cells can be effectively reduced, the photothermal conversion efficiency of sunlight, photoelectric conversion efficiency and energy grade are improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar generator GC-MS field, relate to a kind of solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division and utilize system.
Background technology
Current energy scarcity, environmental pollution become the significant problem that has perplexed countries in the world, and solar energy has received increasing concern as a kind of novel renewable and clean energy resource.According to calculating, solar radiation is arrived the energy of the earth up to 4 * 10
15mW is 2000 times of earth energy consumption.Therefore, exploitation solar energy resources is of great immediate significance to solving world energy sources environmental problem.
At present the utilization of solar energy is mainly concentrated on to photo-thermal, photoelectricity, photochemistry, photo-biological conversion etc.In solar radiation, only some luminous energy can be absorbed by photovoltaic cell, is converted into electric energy, and remaining luminous energy part only can be converted into heat after being absorbed by battery.At present, the photoelectric transformation efficiency of photovoltaic cell is lower, is generally only 5%～20%, and remaining energy is converted into heat energy, has improved the temperature of cell panel, has reduced photoelectric efficiency.If the unavailable thermal energy collecting of photovoltaic cell can be got up, be not only conducive to improve electricity conversion, also obtained utilizable heat energy.Traditional photoelectric and light-heat integration (PHOTOVOLTAIC/THERMAL is called for short PV/T) hybrid system, just based on this principle, is arranged cooling fluid at cell backside, absorbs battery heat.Yet, be limited to the allowable temperature of battery, adopt in this way and only can obtain the heat energy that grade is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division to utilize system, effectively to improve the total transformation efficiency of solar energy, obtain high-grade heat energy.
In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division utilizes system, comprise focusing sunlight light focusing unit, draw the photo-thermal unit of described solar heat energy, described sunshine is carried out to photovoltaic element and the heat recovery unit of photoelectric conversion, described light focusing unit, photo-thermal unit and photovoltaic element set gradually from top to bottom; The inside of described photo-thermal unit and described photovoltaic element all has passage, and by described channel connection; Described passage contains semiconductor nano fluid, and flow direction is for to flow to described photo-thermal unit from described photovoltaic element, with cooling described photovoltaic element and the sunshine of process is carried out the frequency division of photoelectricity and photo-thermal in described photo-thermal unit; Described photovoltaic element is also connected with described heat recovery unit by inner separately described passage with described photo-thermal unit, to form loop.
Described semiconductor nano fluid is non-stoichiometric Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid, wherein said x is greater than 0 and be less than 2.
Described system also comprises solar energy tracking unit, to detect sunshine direction, and controls described light focusing unit, described photo-thermal unit and described photovoltaic element perpendicular to described sunshine direction according to described testing result.
Described light focusing unit is tabular Fresnel Lenses.
Described photo-thermal unit comprises round tubular quartz socket tube, and the passage of described quartz socket tube inside is the passage of inside, described photo-thermal unit.
The home position of the focus of described light focusing unit in described quartz socket tube.
Described quartz socket tube has more than 90% transmissivity at 300nm～2500nm wave band.
Described photovoltaic element comprises the aluminum pipe of square tubulose, the heat-insulation layer that is sticked on the photovoltaic cell of described aluminum pipe upper surface and surrounded described aluminum pipe lower surface by tack coat; The passage of the aluminum pipe inside of described square tubulose is the passage of described photovoltaic element inside.
Described photovoltaic cell is crystal silicon battery plate; The thermal conductivity of described tack coat is 4～5W/ (mK).
Described heat recovery unit comprises heat exchanger, flow control valve and the circulating pump connecting successively by circulating line; Described circulating line one end connects the passage of inside, described photo-thermal unit, and the other end connects the passage of described photovoltaic element inside.
Owing to adopting such scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) effectively improved photo-thermal conversion efficiency.The nano-fluid photovoltaic element of flowing through has not only carried out coolingly to cell piece, be simultaneously also the preheating entering before photo-thermal unit, and this has effectively improved photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
2) effectively improve photoelectric transformation efficiency.Adopt that nano-fluid optionally filters, absorption and the unmatched electromagnetic wave of photovoltaic cell, the temperature rise of having avoided this part electromagnetic wave to bring, thereby the photoelectric efficiency of raising photovoltaic cell.
3) effectively control cell piece temperature.By nano-fluid, absorb the heat of photovoltaic cell, to it, carry out cooling.
4) effectively improve energy grade.The conventional P of comparing V/T system, photo-thermal cell temperature of the present invention is independent of photovoltaic element temperature, photo-thermal product is not only the used heat of 40～50 ℃, but can be far above the allowable temperature of photovoltaic cell, this middle temperature fluid is no longer used heat, can circulate by Stirling, the technology such as organic Rankine circulation is converted into electric energy again.
5) effectively reduce cost.Adopt optically focused technology can significantly reduce the area of photovoltaic cell, reduce system cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that in the embodiment of the present invention, solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division utilizes system.
In accompanying drawing: 1, cooling water; 2, heat exchanger; 3, flow control valve; 4, circulating pump; 5, nano-fluid; 6, heat-insulation layer; 7, tack coat; 8, aluminum pipe; 9, photovoltaic cell; 10, quartz socket tube; 11, solar panel.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The present invention proposes a kind of solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division and utilize system, the structural representation that Fig. 1 is this system.This system comprises solar panel 11, quartz socket tube 10, photovoltaic cell 9, aluminum pipe 8, heat-insulation layer 6, Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5, heat exchanger 2, cooling water 1, flow control valve 3, circulating pump 4 and sunlight tracking instrument etc.Wherein, Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 is non-stoichiometric semiconductor nano fluid, and wherein x is greater than 0 and be less than 2.
Sunlight tracking instrument detects sun direction of light, and the result detecting is used for to the auxiliary direction of adjusting solar panel 11, guarantees that the plate face of solar panel 11 is vertical with sunshine all the time, thereby receives as much as possible the emittance of sunshine.In the present embodiment, solar panel 11, photovoltaic cell 9 and sunlight tracking instrument are accepted between the surperficial three of solar radiation parallel between two.Solar panel 11 is Fresnel Lenses, for by solar light focusing to this system.
Quartz socket tube 10 is placed with the mode that the focus of solar panel 11 overlaps according to its center of circle.Quartz socket tube 10 is that 300nm～2500nm wave band has high penetration rate (more than 90% transmissivity) at visible ray near infrared band, can play to sunshine the effect of anti-reflection anti-reflection, this quartz socket tube 10 is for having the circular pipe of inner passage, and its inner passage contains Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5, this quartz pipe 10 and Cu wherein
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 forms photo-thermal unit, and absorption portion wave band is through the heat of sunshine wherein and the sunshine of its all band is seen through.
Aluminum pipe 8 is for having the square pipe of inner passage, and its inner passage is communicated with the inner passage of quartz socket tube 10, so the Cu in both inner passages
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 also communicates, and flow direction is from aluminum pipe 8 to quartz socket tube 10.Photovoltaic cell 9 is crystal silicon battery plate, the tack coat 7 consisting of the binding agent by high thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity is 4～5W/ (mK)) sticks on aluminum pipe 8 upper surfaces, and wherein the tack coat 7 of high thermal conductivity can guarantee that the cooling effect of photovoltaic cell 9 is evenly good.In addition, be also provided with heat-insulation layer 6 on the bottom surface of aluminum pipe 8, further to prevent that heat runs off, the heat that guarantees photovoltaic cell 9 is as much as possible for the Cu of preheating aluminum pipe 8
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5.Photovoltaic cell 9 and aluminum pipe 8 form photovoltaic element.
Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 has can modulate spectral characteristics of radiation, meets the requirement of photo-thermal opto-electronic conversion coupling.Cu in quartz socket tube 10
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 can will not meet in sunshine that wave band that opto-electronic conversion requires absorbs and for heat production, and allow remaining wave band to be radiated, carries out opto-electronic conversion on photovoltaic cell 9; And Cu in aluminum pipe 8
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 can carry out cooling to photovoltaic cell 9.
In this system, solar panel 11, quartz socket tube 10, photovoltaic cell 9, tack coat 7, aluminum pipe 8 from top to bottom (perpendicular to sunshine direction) set gradually.
This system also comprises heat recovery unit, this heat recovery unit comprises heat exchanger 2, heat transferring medium in one side circulating line of heat exchanger 2 is cooling water 1, the two ends of opposite side circulating line are communicated with respectively the inner passage of quartz socket tube 10 and the inner passage of aluminum pipe 8, so the heat transferring medium in this side circulating line is Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5.Its flow direction is from the inner passage inflow heat exchanger 2 of quartz socket tube 8, flows into the inner passage of aluminum pipe 8 after heat exchanger 2.As shown in Figure 1, between heat exchanger 2 and aluminum pipe 8, by circulating line, be also connected with flow control valve 3 and circulating pump 4, flow control valve 3 is controlled Cu
2-xthe flow of S semiconductor nano fluid 5, circulating pump 4 is Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 provides power, guarantees that it flows along above-mentioned flow direction.The Cu flowing out from quartz socket tube 8
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 temperature are higher, and it carries out heat exchange with cooling water 1 in heat exchanger 2, and the water 1 that is cooled is cooling, cooled Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 is fed in aluminum pipe 8.
During this system operation, sunshine gathers in this system through solar panel 11, first through being connected with Cu
2-xthe quartz socket tube 10 of S semiconductor nano fluid 5.Because wavelength can be converted into electric energy in 300nm by photovoltaic cell effectively to the sunshine between 1050nm, and wavelength is greater than the electromagnetic wave of 1200nm and cannot in crystal silicon, produces photovoltaic effect, Cu in the present invention simultaneously
2-xthe sunshine of 5 pairs of 300nm to 1050nm wave bands of S semiconductor nano fluid has high transmissison characteristic, and the sunshine that is less than 300nm or is greater than its all band of 1050nm is had to strong absorption, the energy grade that improves solar energy utilization ratio and obtain is had to outstanding contribution.Therefore, the Cu in quartz socket tube 10
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 can not sponge for heat production meeting the wave band that opto-electronic conversion requires in sunshine, and remaining wave band is radiated and on photovoltaic cell 9, carries out opto-electronic conversion.
Owing to being sent to the Cu aluminum pipe 8 from heat exchanger 2
2-xSsemiconductor nano fluid 5 temperature are lower, can carry out cooling to photovoltaic cell 9; Meanwhile, because the tack coat 7 between photovoltaic cell 9 and aluminum pipe 8 has high thermal conductivity, so Cu
2-xthe cooling effect of 5 pairs of photovoltaic cells 9 of S semiconductor nano fluid is even and obvious.In cooling to photovoltaic cell 9, the Cu in aluminum pipe 8
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 is heated owing to absorbing the heat of photovoltaic cell 9, flows into subsequently in quartz socket tube 10.Therefore, photovoltaic element is cooled to the preheating for photo-thermal unit.Cu
2-xs semiconductor nano fluid 5 is further heated and obtains high warmly in quartz socket tube 10, enters afterwards in heat exchanger 2, in heat exchanger 2 with after cooling water 1 heat exchange, again flows in circulation line.
The present invention on the basis of existing research, adopted a kind of have can modulate the non-stoichiometric semiconductor nano fluid of spectral characteristic as the filtration frequency division fluid of heat transfer carrier and solar radiation.Solar radiation is after this filtering flow, and first the spectra part that can not be converted into electric energy is absorbed, and changes heat energy into, and the radiation that can effectively change electric energy into is through this fluid arrival photovoltaic cell, is converted into electric energy.Owing to can realizing the separation of solar energy spatial distribution, make photoelectricity can regulate and mate on spectrum with photo-thermal; Realized the cooling preheating that changes into photo-thermal unit of photovoltaic element simultaneously, therefore this system has not only reduced photovoltaic battery temperature, improve photoelectric transformation efficiency, also can obtain high-grade available thermal energy that temperature is higher, improved the total conversion of solar energy simultaneously.The electric energy that this system produces can directly be carried to the external world; Therefore meanwhile, this system can produce more high-grade heat energy, also can circulate or the technology such as organic Rankine circulation is generated electricity by Stirling.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division utilizes system, comprise focusing sunlight light focusing unit, draw the photo-thermal unit of described solar heat energy, photovoltaic element and the heat recovery unit of described sunshine being carried out to photoelectric conversion, is characterized in that: described light focusing unit, photo-thermal unit and photovoltaic element set gradually from top to bottom;
The inside of described photo-thermal unit and described photovoltaic element all has passage, and by described channel connection; Described passage contains semiconductor nano fluid, and flow direction is for to flow to described photo-thermal unit from described photovoltaic element, with cooling described photovoltaic element and the sunshine of process is carried out the frequency division of photoelectricity and photo-thermal in described photo-thermal unit;
Described photovoltaic element is also connected with described heat recovery unit by inner separately described passage with described photo-thermal unit, to form loop.
2. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described semiconductor nano fluid is non-stoichiometric Cu2-xS semiconductor nano fluid, and wherein said x is greater than 0 and be less than 2.
3. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises solar energy tracking unit, to detect sunshine direction, and control described light focusing unit, described photo-thermal unit and described photovoltaic element perpendicular to described sunshine direction according to described testing result.
4. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described light focusing unit is tabular Fresnel Lenses.
5. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described photo-thermal unit comprises round tubular quartz socket tube, and the passage of described quartz socket tube inside is the passage of inside, described photo-thermal unit.
6. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 5 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: the home position of the focus of described light focusing unit in described quartz socket tube.
7. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 5 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described quartz socket tube has more than 90% transmissivity at 300nm～2500nm wave band.
8. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic element comprises the aluminum pipe of square tubulose, the heat-insulation layer that is sticked on the photovoltaic cell of described aluminum pipe upper surface and surrounded described aluminum pipe lower surface by tack coat; The passage of the aluminum pipe inside of described square tubulose is the passage of described photovoltaic element inside.
9. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 8 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic cell is crystal silicon battery plate; The thermal conductivity of described tack coat is 4～5W/ (mK).
10. solar energy optical-thermal photoelectricity frequency division according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described heat recovery unit comprises heat exchanger, flow control valve and the circulating pump connecting successively by circulating line; Described circulating line one end connects the passage of inside, described photo-thermal unit, and the other end connects the passage of described photovoltaic element inside.
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Cited By (19)
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| CN104633954A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Solar energy photo-thermal photoelectric frequency division using system |
| CN104633955A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Solar energy photo-thermal photoelectric frequency division using system |
| CN104796067A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Compact type concentrating photovoltaic optothermal integrated module |
| CN104912758A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-16 | 同济大学 | Organic Rankine cycle power generation system based on photo-thermal photoelectric frequency division utilization |
| CN105526737A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-27 | 上海电力学院 | Nanofluid heat absorption type photovoltaic-solar heat pump system |
| CN105591607A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | Device based on nanofluid and Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic heat |
| CN105823236A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-03 | 河海大学常州校区 | Light condensing type photovoltaic and photothermal device based on magnetic nano fluid |
| CN106160650A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 南京嘉业新能源有限公司 | A kind of heat pipe-type concentrating photovoltaic photo-thermal integration cogeneration system |
| CN106549626A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of solar generator chemical synthesis utilize system |
| CN107196601A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of high efficiency thermoelectric co-generation system based on nano-fluid |
| CN107449163A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of full spectrum of solar energy of double frequency division type photo-thermal photovoltaic coupled thermomechanics utilizes system |
| CN107726666A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | One kind is based on solar energy absorption type air conditioning system associated with photovoltaic heat |
| CN108321236A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-07-24 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of photo-thermal photovoltaic panel |
| CN108631720A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of Salar light-gathering frequency dividing photoelectricity cogeneration system |
| CN109114825A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-01 | 浙江大学 | Solar energy hierarchical sub-prime based on heat collection type photo-thermal chemical cycle material utilizes method |
| CN109297205A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of photovoltaic and photothermal coupling and complementing integration utilizes system |
| CN109520152A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of dual channel arrangement Salar light-gathering frequency dividing electric heating combined production device |
| CN113726265A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Photovoltaic comprehensive utilization device based on photoinduced isomerism |
| CN114294844A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-08 | 新疆大学 | Integrative conversion device of electric heat based on solar energy spotlight frequency division |
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| CN104633954A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Solar energy photo-thermal photoelectric frequency division using system |
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| CN104796067A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Compact type concentrating photovoltaic optothermal integrated module |
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| CN106549626B (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-05-31 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of solar energy thermo-electrically-chemical synthesis utilizes system |
| CN107196601A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of high efficiency thermoelectric co-generation system based on nano-fluid |
| CN107449163A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of full spectrum of solar energy of double frequency division type photo-thermal photovoltaic coupled thermomechanics utilizes system |
| CN107726666A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | One kind is based on solar energy absorption type air conditioning system associated with photovoltaic heat |
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| CN108321236A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-07-24 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of photo-thermal photovoltaic panel |
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Application publication date: 20141015 |