CN104912758B - It is a kind of to divide the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity - Google Patents

It is a kind of to divide the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104912758B
CN104912758B CN201510353121.9A CN201510353121A CN104912758B CN 104912758 B CN104912758 B CN 104912758B CN 201510353121 A CN201510353121 A CN 201510353121A CN 104912758 B CN104912758 B CN 104912758B
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rankine cycle
energy
frequency dividing
organic rankine
cycle power
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CN104912758A (en
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谢飞博
朱彤
高乃平
安巍
刘季华
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system for being divided and being utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity, which includes:Solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing utilizes device:It receives solar energy and divides solar energy and utilize, produce electricl energy and middle low temperature heat energy;Organic Rankine Cycle power generator:To receive the solar photoelectric light-heat middle low temperature heat energy that is generated using device of frequency dividing and be converted into electric energy;Evaporator:Middle low temperature heat energy to be generated solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing using device is exchanged heat with Organic Rankine Cycle power generator;Control device:Flow and solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing to control ORC working medium in Organic Rankine Cycle power generator utilizes the flow of nano-fluid in device.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as that strong high conversion efficiency, the Modulatory character of output light thermic load, season and regional adaptability are strong, provide personalized energy, is compact-sized, easy to install.

Description

It is a kind of to divide the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity
Technical field
The present invention relates to cogeneration of heat and power technical field, more particularly, to it is a kind of utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing it is organic bright Agree cycle generating system.
Background technology
Energy shortages and environmental pollution have become the significant problem for restricting development of world economy, and improve efficiency of energy utilization This important measures are solved the problems, such as with tapping a new source of energy to become.Solar energy is concerned as a kind of clean reproducible energy. However, solar energy photoelectric conversion efficiency is relatively low at present, it is typically only 5%~20%.Main cause is the specific frequency of only a fraction Luminous energy in rate absorbs and is converted into electric energy by photovoltaic cell, remaining most of luminous energy is converted into heat after being absorbed by battery.This is just It causes:On the one hand cause battery plate temperature to increase, reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell;On the other hand this part solar energy Heat can not efficiently use and cause energy waste and thermal pollution.
Solar energy frequency dividing realizes that the frequency dividing of photovoltaic/thermal utilizes using technology as a kind of Solar use new technology. The technology selectively filters absorption of the light of the apparent frequency zone of fuel factor first with media such as nano-fluids, then not by The sunlight of absorption recycles photovoltaic cell to produce electricl energy.Thus solar energy is realized using photo-thermal unit and photovoltaic unit Frequency dividing utilizes, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic element, while generating the middle low temperature heat energy not less than 60 DEG C again, and ORC makees For the effective means that middle low temperature heat energy grade is promoted, the course of work is:Liquid organic working medium is first swollen after working medium pump pressurizes After the lack of gas preheating of swollen machine outlet, into the steam for being become high temperature and pressure in evaporator by heating, enters back into expander and do Work(, the lack of gas after acting pressurizeed by working medium pump after liquid organic working medium precooling after, enter back into condenser condensation, be changed into liquid Organic working medium, completes a cycle, but the middle low temperature heat energy that usually photo-thermal unit generates is since temperature is high, it is difficult to efficiently profit With easily causing energy waste.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of high conversion efficiencies, defeated The Modulatory character of light extraction thermic load is strong, season and regional adaptability are strong, provides personalized energy, compact-sized, Yi An Dress divides the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of to divide the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity, which includes:
Solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing utilizes device:It receives solar energy and divides solar energy and utilize, produce electricl energy in Low temperature heat energy;
Organic Rankine Cycle power generator:To receive the middle Low Temperature Thermal that solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing is generated using device Can and it be converted into electric energy;
Evaporator:It is handed over using the heat of device and Organic Rankine Cycle power generator as connection solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing Parallel operation, to the middle low temperature heat energy and the Organic Rankine Cycle power generator that generate solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing using device into Row heat exchange;
Control device:It is connect respectively using device with Organic Rankine Cycle power generator and solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing, To control flow and the solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing of ORC working medium in Organic Rankine Cycle power generator using being received in device The flow of meter Liu Ti.
The solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing includes light focusing unit, photo-thermal unit, photovoltaic element, the first storage using device Flow container, circulating pump and flow control valve, the photo-thermal unit, photovoltaic element, evaporator, the first fluid reservoir and circulating pump are successively Connection forms medium circulating circuit, and nano-fluid medium, the light focusing unit and light are equipped in the medium circulating circuit Hot cell face is arranged, and the flow control valve is arranged at pump entry.
The Organic Rankine Cycle power generator includes the second fluid reservoir, ORC working medium pumps, regenerator, expanding machine, power generation Machine, condenser and cooling component, second fluid reservoir, ORC working medium pumps, evaporator, expanding machine and condenser pass through stainless Steel conduit is in turn connected to form working medium circulation circuit, is equipped with ORC working medium in the working medium circulation circuit, the generator with Expanding machine connects, and the cooling component is connect with condenser.
The control device is connect with circulating pump, cooling component and ORC working medium pumps respectively.
The fluid reservoir, ORC working medium pumps, evaporator, expanding machine and condenser entrance be equipped with thermometer and pressure Power table, the evaporator inlet, which goes out, is additionally provided with flowmeter, the flowmeter, thermometer and pressure gauge respectively with control device Connection.
The light focusing unit includes the solar panel and sun tracker being connected with each other, and the photo-thermal unit is quartz sleeve Pipe, and the center of circle of quartz socket tube is overlapped with solar panel focus, and the photovoltaic element includes photovoltaic cell and aluminum pipe.
The photovoltaic cell is bonded by adhesive layer on the outer surface of aluminum pipe, and the rest part of aluminum pipe outer surface, which is equipped with, to be protected Warm layer.
The evaporator is plate heat exchanger or lamella heat exchanger.
The cooling component be cooling water pump or cooling blower, using water cooling or it is air-cooled by the way of cooled down.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
One, high conversion efficiency:It is proposed by the present invention that the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized is divided based on photo-thermal photoelectricity, The middle low temperature heat energy generated using photo-thermal photovoltaic element converts driving ORC electricity generation systems as heat source and by the thermal energy of evaporator, Externally output electric energy, compared with existing solar energy generation technology, which has not only carried out effective cooling to photovoltaic element, carries High electricity conversion, and the middle low temperature heat energy driving ORC electricity generation systems generated using photo-thermal unit externally export electric energy, Improve the photoelectric comprehensive transfer efficiency of solar energy.
Two, the Modulatory character of output light thermic load is strong:Since the present invention is using photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency splitting technology and ORC power generations System is combined, and the electric load of output is made of photovoltaic element and ORC electricity generation system two parts respectively, the thermic load of output mainly by Photo-thermal unit forms.It in this way can be by adjusting ORC power generations system according to the thermoelectricity load variations of user for different seasons The rate-of flow etc. of heat or conciliation ORC electricity generation systems that system is obtained from photo-thermal unit, can both adjust the output of photo-thermal unit Thermic load can adjust again ORC electricity generation systems output electric load.Personalized thermoelectricity load can be provided to the user in this way Conveying.
Three, season and regional adaptability are strong:It is proposed by the present invention that the Organic Rankine Cycle utilized is divided based on photo-thermal photoelectricity Electricity generation system externally exports electric energy using the middle low temperature heat energy that photo-thermal photovoltaic element generates as heat source driving ORC electricity generation systems.By It is affected by the variation in area and season in solar radiation, can be affected in this way to system.But the present invention can be with The output of ORC electricity generation systems is optimized using different organic circulation working medium for the solar radiation rule in different areas Energy.The easy-regulating performance of ORC system can be utilized to adapt to different areas and season in this way to ensure that the high efficiency of system is transported Row.
Four, personalized energy is provided:The organic Rankine proposed by the present invention utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing is followed Ring electricity generation system is not exported electric energy merely with photovoltaic element, but also can according to the demand of user be exported not using ORC system Congener high-quality energy.For example if user needs to provide driving force for water pump, the present invention can use ORC system Expanding machine directly drives water pump.
Five, compact-sized, easy to install:The Organic Rankine Cycle power generation proposed by the present invention utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing System, the equipment of use and component etc. are easy to get, without other special equipment.System mounting process is more mature, can reduce The cost of system application.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, the 1, second fluid reservoir, 2, ORC working medium pumps, 3, regenerator, 4, evaporator, the 5, first fluid reservoir, 6, flow tune Save valve, 7, circulating pump, 8, insulating layer, 9, aluminum pipe, 10, adhesive layer, 11, photovoltaic element, 12, photo-thermal unit, 13, light focusing unit, 14, expanding machine, 15, generator, 16, condenser, 17, cooling water pump.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing proposed by the present invention, Include mainly:A set of solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing is coordinated using device, a set of ORC power generator, evaporator 4 and above-mentioned apparatus The control device of work, solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing is using device mainly by the first fluid reservoir 5, flow control valve 6, circulating pump 7, photovoltaic element 11, photo-thermal unit 12 and light focusing unit 13 form.ORC power generator is mainly by the chilled(cooling) water return (CWR)s ORC, the second storage Flow container 1, ORC working medium pumps 2, regenerator 3, expanding machine 14 and condenser 16 form, and solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing is produced using device Raw middle low temperature heat energy and the organic working medium of ORC power generator carry out heat exchange in evaporator 4.
This system is mainly divided by solar photoelectric light-heat and is formed using process and ORC power cycles, and two processes are logical Pervaporation device 4 carries out heat exchange coupling.
Solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing is using device mainly by light focusing unit 13, photo-thermal unit 12, photovoltaic element 11, first Fluid reservoir 5, nano-fluid and circulating pump 7 form, wherein light focusing unit 13 is made of solar panel and sun tracker, by too Positive tracker, sunlight vertical incidence solar panel;Photo-thermal unit 12 is made of quartz socket tube and internal nano-fluid, and arranges stone The English casing center of circle is overlapped with solar panel focus;Photovoltaic element 11 is made of photovoltaic cell and aluminum pipe 9, and heat preservation is furnished on aluminum pipe 9 Layer 8 and adhesive layer 10;The power plant of medium circulating circuit is made of flow control valve 6 and circulating pump 7.Evaporator 4 can be Plate heat exchanger or lamella heat exchanger.
Solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing utilizes process:Sunlight vertical incidence solar panel plays sunlight through quartz socket tube It is acted on to anti-reflection anti-reflection;It is apparent to fuel factors such as visible light and near-infrareds simultaneously into the nano-fluid in inner circular channel The sunlight of the sunlight selective absorbing of wave band and the thermal energy for being converted into nano-fluid, other wave bands penetrates, i.e. sunlight quilt Frequency dividing.The sunlight of transmission is incident on photovoltaic cell and carries out opto-electronic conversion, externally exports electric energy.Nanometer in first fluid reservoir 5 Fluid enters after flow control valve 6 and by the offer power of circulating pump 7 in 9 channel of aluminum pipe of photovoltaic element 11, and nano-fluid is first After cooling photovoltaic cell, it is preheated to 40 DEG C or so (differences according to system and uninterrupted);Be preheated rear nano-fluid into Enter quartz socket tube, absorbs visible light and near infrared band sunlight, temperature are further increased to 100 DEG C or more;Subsequent temperature Higher nano-fluid enters in evaporator 4, heats ORC electricity generation system organic working mediums;Nano-fluid temperature enters the after reducing One fluid reservoir 5, then enter circulating pump 7 after flow control valve 6, process cycle carries out.
ORC electricity generation systems are mainly by passes such as the second fluid reservoir 1, ORC working medium pumps 2, regenerator 3, expanding machine 14, condensers 16 Key member forms.Wherein ORC working medium pumps 2 generally use the diaphragm pump or centrifugal multistage pump multiple centrifugal pump of displacement type;Evaporator 4 and condenser 16 use plate heat exchanger, the heat exchanger of other forms also to can be used for this system;Expanding machine 14 be displacement vortex expanding machine or Screw expander, the also expansion machinery of its form such as optional turbine;14 output end of expanding machine can connect load device, such as generate electricity Machine etc.;Major component is connected with stainless steel pipes, and each equipment inlet and outlet are equipped with thermometer and pressure gauge, evaporator peace Equipped with flowmeter.
ORC electricity generation system working medium circulation processes are:Low-temp low-pressure liquid organic working medium in second fluid reservoir 1 is through ORC works Become cryogenic high pressure liquid after 2 pressurization of matter pump, after the expanding machine 14 in regenerator exports lack of gas preheating, into 4 quilt of evaporator The higher nano-fluid heating of temperature becomes the superheated vapor of high temperature and pressure, into 14 expansion work of expanding machine and drives generator 15 externally export electric energy, and the lack of gas being discharged after acting enter the water that is cooled in condenser 16 after the precooling of high-pressure liquid organic working medium Condensation becomes subcooled liquid, and into the second fluid reservoir 1, supercooling cycle fluid is again introduced into circulating pump 2, completes a cycle.
The present invention is used divides the ORC electricity generation systems being combined using technology with solar photoelectric light-heat.On the one hand, photoelectricity Unit is cooled down by nano-fluid, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell improves;On the other hand, solar energy frequency dividing is generated using technology Middle low temperature heat energy mechanical work or electric energy can be effectively converted by ORC electricity generation systems, the photoelectricity for improving solar energy is comprehensive Close transformation efficiency.Two systems are coupled in evaporator by heat exchange, and frequency and stream by adjusting pump respectively Adjustable valve realizes flow control and runing adjustment.The it is proposed of the system not only effectively improves the photoelectric comprehensive conversion of solar energy Efficiency is more conducive to efficiently using for the middle-low grade energy.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of dividing the organic Rankine cycle power generation system that utilizes based on photo-thermal photoelectricity, which is characterized in that the system includes:
Solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing utilizes device:It receives solar energy and divides solar energy and utilize, produce electricl energy and middle low temperature Thermal energy, solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing include light focusing unit (13), photo-thermal unit (12), photovoltaic element using device (11), the first fluid reservoir (5), circulating pump (7) and flow control valve (6), the photo-thermal unit (12), photovoltaic element (11), Evaporator (4), the first fluid reservoir (5) and circulating pump (7) are in turn connected to form medium circulating circuit, the medium circulating circuit Interior to be equipped with nano-fluid medium, the light focusing unit (13) is arranged with photo-thermal unit (12) face, the flow control valve (6) it is arranged in circulating pump (7) inlet;
Organic Rankine Cycle power generator:The middle low temperature heat energy of device generation is utilized to receive solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing simultaneously It is converted into electric energy, the Organic Rankine Cycle power generator includes the second fluid reservoir (1), ORC working medium pumps (2), backheat Device (3), expanding machine (14), generator (15), condenser (16) and cooling component (17), second fluid reservoir (1), ORC Working medium pump (2), evaporator (4), expanding machine (14) and condenser (16) are in turn connected to form working medium circulation by stainless steel pipes Circuit is equipped with ORC working medium in the working medium circulation circuit, and the generator (15) is connect with expanding machine (14), described Cooling component (17) is connect with condenser (16);
Evaporator (4):It is handed over using the heat of device and Organic Rankine Cycle power generator as connection solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing Parallel operation, to the middle low temperature heat energy and the Organic Rankine Cycle power generator that generate solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing using device into Row heat exchange;
Control device:It is connect respectively using device with Organic Rankine Cycle power generator and solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing, to Flow and the solar photoelectric light-heat frequency dividing for controlling ORC working medium in Organic Rankine Cycle power generator utilize nanometer stream in device The flow of body, the control device are connect with circulating pump (7), cooling component (17) and ORC working medium pumps (2) respectively;
Sunlight vertical incidence solar panel plays the role of anti-reflection anti-reflection to sunlight through quartz socket tube, while entering inner circular Nano-fluid in channel to visible light and near-infrared sunlight selective absorbing and is converted into the thermal energy of itself, the sun of transmission Light is incident on photovoltaic cell and carries out opto-electronic conversion, externally exports electric energy, the nano-fluid in the first fluid reservoir (5) is through flow-rate adjustment Valve (6) and by circulating pump (7) provide power after enter photovoltaic element (11) aluminum pipe (9) channel in, nano-fluid first cool down light After lying prostrate battery, it is preheated to 40 DEG C or so;It is preheated rear nano-fluid and enters quartz socket tube, absorb visible light and near infrared band Sunlight, temperature are further increased to 100 DEG C or more, and the subsequent higher nano-fluid of temperature enters in evaporator (4), heating ORC electricity generation system organic working mediums, nano-fluid temperature enter the first fluid reservoir (5) after reducing, then laggard through flow control valve (6) Enter circulating pump (7), process cycle carries out;
ORC electricity generation system working medium circulation processes are:Low-temp low-pressure liquid organic working medium in second fluid reservoir (1) is through ORC working medium Become cryogenic high pressure liquid after pump (2) pressurization, after expanding machine (14) the outlet lack of gas preheating in regenerator, into evaporator (4) superheated vapor for being become high temperature and pressure by the higher nano-fluid heating of temperature, into expanding machine (14) expansion work and band Dynamic generator (15) externally exports electric energy, and the lack of gas being discharged after acting enter condenser after the precooling of high-pressure liquid organic working medium (16) water condensation that is cooled in becomes subcooled liquid, and into the second fluid reservoir (1), supercooling cycle fluid is again introduced into circulating pump (7), a cycle is completed.
2. a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing according to claim 1, special Sign is, the fluid reservoir (1), ORC working medium pumps (2), evaporator (4), expanding machine (14) and condenser (16) entrance Be equipped with thermometer and pressure gauge, the evaporator (4) entrance goes out to be additionally provided with flowmeter, the flowmeter, thermometer and Pressure gauge is connect with control device respectively.
3. a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing according to claim 1, special Sign is that the light focusing unit (13) includes the solar panel and sun tracker being connected with each other, the photo-thermal unit (12) For quartz socket tube, and the center of circle of quartz socket tube is overlapped with solar panel focus, and the photovoltaic element (11) includes photovoltaic cell With aluminum pipe (9).
4. a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing according to claim 1, special Sign is, the photovoltaic cell is bonded by adhesive layer (10) on the outer surface of aluminum pipe (9), aluminum pipe (9) outer surface remaining Part is equipped with insulating layer (8).
5. a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing according to claim 1, special Sign is that the evaporator (4) is plate heat exchanger or lamella heat exchanger.
6. a kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity frequency dividing according to claim 1, special Sign is, the cooling component (17) is cooling water pump or cooling blower, using water cooling or it is air-cooled by the way of cooled down.
CN201510353121.9A 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 It is a kind of to divide the organic Rankine cycle power generation system utilized based on photo-thermal photoelectricity Expired - Fee Related CN104912758B (en)

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