CN109296932A - 一种液氢储罐 - Google Patents

一种液氢储罐 Download PDF

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CN109296932A
CN109296932A CN201811052918.5A CN201811052918A CN109296932A CN 109296932 A CN109296932 A CN 109296932A CN 201811052918 A CN201811052918 A CN 201811052918A CN 109296932 A CN109296932 A CN 109296932A
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fixedly connected
sleeve
hydrogen storage
liquid hydrogen
storage tank
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韦达
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Hangzhou Lanjie Hydrogen Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Lanjie Hydrogen Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Abstract

本发明公开了一种液氢储罐，包括内罐，内罐的外周壁设有复合材料层，复合材料层的外周壁设有绝热内层，绝热内层的外周壁设有绝热内层，绝热内层的外周壁设有外罐，外罐的底部固定连接有放置板，放置板的两侧固定连接有加强筋，放置板的底部两端固定连接有减震片，放置板通过减震片固定连接有底座。通过设置加强筋、减震片、套筒、减震弹簧、活塞及活塞杆，实现了加强固定、防震及安全性高的优点，加强筋可以强化外罐的固定，减震片为弹簧钢片，有很好的弹性，对振动产生缓冲作用，而套筒、减震弹簧、活塞及活塞杆的设置，则提供了双重减震的效果，大大减缓了振动，避免该液氢储罐由于振动而造成的损伤，提高了其安全性。

Description

一种液氢储罐
技术领域
本发明属于氢能源储存设备技术领域，特别是指一种液氢储罐。
背景技术
液态氢,俗称液氢,是由氢气经过降温而得到的液体，是一种无色、无味的高能低温液体燃料，一个大气压下的正常氢沸点为20.37K，凝固点为13.96K，密度为70.85kg/m3，它通常被作为火箭发射的燃料，现在亦用作其他交通工具的燃料。
随着能源危机和环境问题的凸显，以清洁能源取代现有的化石燃料是解决能源和环境问题的重要途径之一，氢能作为一种储量丰富、来源广泛、能量密度高的绿色能源及能源载体，近年来已引起广泛的关注，以氢能为动力源的氢燃料以其能量转化率高、燃料经济性好及零排放等优点，已经成为最热门的研究领域，加氢站是氢能源最重要的基础配套设施，而其中尤其以氢压缩和储存装置最为重要，液态氢对储存的要求很高，必须确保在－250℃之下才会保持液态，否则就会汽化并蒸发，目前，加氢站中常用的储氢方式分为常压液态储氢和高压气态储氢，其中常压液态储氢的蒸发损耗非常大，据调查，常压液态储氢每天的蒸发损耗大约为1％左右，这造成了氢能源的大量浪费，常温高压储氢的储氢密度受制于压力大小，现阶段的储氢压力已达到70MPa，但其储氢密度只有38kg/m3左右，相比于液氢，储氢密度非常低，要增加储氢密度，就必须增加储氢压力，这又对容器的安全性和储存成本提出了挑战，现有的储罐的制造工艺复杂，成本高，因此储氢密度、储氢压力、安全性及经济性之间的矛盾限制了这一方面的发展，由于储罐一般为圆柱形结构，储罐在运输过程中，需要对储罐进行固定，放置储罐滚落，现有的固定装置只能实现固定，在运输的过程中，运输车的晃动会造成储罐的损坏或者储罐内部的物品损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液氢储罐，解决了现有的承压功能差与隔热效果低，固定弱及安全性差的缺陷。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种液氢储罐，包括内罐，所述内罐的外周壁设有复合材料层，所述复合材料层的外周壁设有绝热内层，所述绝热内层的外周壁设有绝热内层，所述绝热内层的外周壁设有外罐，所述外罐的底部固定连接有放置板，所述放置板的两侧固定连接有加强筋，所述放置板的底部两端固定连接有减震片，所述放置板通过减震片固定连接有底座，所述底座的顶部固定连接有套筒，所述套筒的内腔底部固定连接有减震弹簧，所述套筒的内腔设有活塞，所述活塞与套筒活动连接，所述活塞的顶部固定连接有活塞杆，所述活塞杆与放置板固定连接。
进一步的，所述内罐由0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢板焊成，所述内罐的中部顶端设有加注管，所述加注管的上端分别固定连接有外接气源阀与外接气源接头，所述加注管的右端分别固定连接有压力阀和压力表。
进一步的，所述内罐的右端顶部通过管道分别固定连接有蒸发器阀与蒸发器，所述内罐的右端顶部通过管道固定连接有真空阀。
进一步的，所述套筒的顶部设有通孔，所述活塞杆通过通孔与套筒套接，所述活塞杆的直径小于通孔的内径，且范围在5mm-8mm之间，所述活塞的外径小于套筒的内径，且范围在3mm-5mm之间，所述活塞杆的直径。
进一步的，所述复合材料层为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，所述绝热内层与绝热外层均为陶瓷纤维层。
进一步的，所述减震片为弹簧钢片。
综上所述，本发明的优点在于：
本发明的一种液氢储罐，通过设置复合材料层、绝热内层与绝热外层，实现了承压能力强、隔热效果好的优点，复合材料层为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，具有很强的抗压性、重量也较轻，而绝热内层与绝热外层均为陶瓷纤维，具有导热性低、阻燃性及耐磨，能够隔绝外部热向液氢热传导的途径，保障该液氢储罐即使在遭遇火灾的情况下，也能够安全，延长了该液氢储罐的使用寿命，通过设置加强筋、减震片、套筒、减震弹簧、活塞及活塞杆，实现了加强固定、防震及安全性高的优点，加强筋可以强化外罐的固定，减震片为弹簧钢片，有很好的弹性，对振动产生缓冲作用，而套筒、减震弹簧、活塞及活塞杆的设置，则提供了双重减震的效果，大大减缓了振动，避免该液氢储罐由于振动而造成的损伤，提高了其安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种液氢储罐的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种液氢储罐的左视图；
图3为本发明一种液氢储罐的A部放大图。
图中：1、内罐；2、复合材料层；3、绝热内层；4、绝热外层；5、外罐；6、放置板；7、加强筋；8、减震片；9、底座；10、套筒；11、减震弹簧；12、活塞；13、活塞杆；14、加注管；15、外接气源阀；16、外接气源接头；17、压力阀；18、压力表；19、蒸发器阀；20、蒸发器；21、真空阀；22、通孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1-3所示，一种液氢储罐，包括内罐1，内罐1的外周壁设有复合材料层2，复合材料层2的外周壁设有绝热内层3，绝热内层3的外周壁设有绝热外层4，通过设置复合材料层2、绝热内层3与绝热外层4，实现了承压能力强、隔热效果好的优点，复合材料层2为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，具有很强的抗压性、重量也较轻，而绝热内层3与绝热外层4均为陶瓷纤维，具有导热性低、阻燃性及耐磨，能够隔绝外部热向液氢热传导的途径，保障该液氢储罐即使在遭遇火灾的情况下，也能够安全，延长了该液氢储罐的使用寿命，绝热外层4的外周壁设有外罐5，外罐5的底部固定连接有放置板6，放置板6的两侧固定连接有加强筋7，放置板6的底部两端固定连接有减震片8，放置板6通过减震片8固定连接有底座9，底座9的顶部固定连接有套筒10，套筒10的内腔底部固定连接有减震弹簧11，套筒10的内腔设有活塞12，活塞12与套筒10活动连接，活塞12的顶部固定连接有活塞杆13，通过设置加强筋7、减震片8、套筒10、减震弹簧11、活塞12及活塞杆13，实现了加强固定、防震及安全性高的优点，加强筋7可以强化外罐5的固定，减震片8为弹簧钢片，有很好的弹性，对振动产生缓冲作用，而套筒10、减震弹簧11、活塞12及活塞杆13的设置，则提供了双重减震的效果，大大减缓了振动，避免该液氢储罐由于振动而造成的损伤，提高了其安全性，活塞杆13与放置板6固定连接。内罐1由0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢板焊成，内罐1的中部顶端设有加注管14，加注管14的上端分别固定连接有外接气源阀15与外接气源接头16，加注管14的右端分别固定连接有压力阀17和压力表18，实时监测内罐1的气压变化，提高其使用的安全性，内罐1的右端顶部通过管道分别固定连接有蒸发器阀19与蒸发器20，预防内罐1产生超压的情况，保障结构的安全，内罐1的右端顶部通过管道固定连接有真空阀21，套筒10的顶部设有通孔22，活塞杆13通过通孔22与套筒10套接，活塞杆13的直径小于通孔22的内径，且范围在5mm-8mm之间，活塞12的外径小于套筒10的内径，便于活塞杆13顺畅的活动，且范围在3mm-5mm之间，复合材料层2为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，具有承压能力强的优点，绝热内层3与绝热外层4均为陶瓷纤维层，有良好的低温绝热的作用，减震片8为弹簧钢片，减震片8的形状为腰形，提高结构的稳定性，加强减震作用。使用时，利用外接气源接头16和外接气源阀15，通过加注管14对该液氢储罐注入液氢，由于液氢和外部环境之间存在不可避免的热量传递，因此液氢会吸热蒸发，内罐1中压力增大，通过压力表18可以查看压力的变化，当达到蒸发器阀19的设定值时，阀门打开，蒸发气体进入并储存于蒸发器20中，当内罐1压力减低后，蒸发器阀19关闭，复合材料层2为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，具有很强的抗压性、重量也较轻，而绝热内层3与绝热外层4均为陶瓷纤维，具有导热性低、阻燃性及耐磨，能够隔绝外部热向液氢热传导的途径，设置的减震片8、套筒10、减震弹簧11、活塞12及活塞杆13，则提供了双重减震的效果，避免该液氢储罐由于振动而造成的损伤，提高了其安全性。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (6)

1.一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：包括内罐，所述内罐的外周壁设有复合材料层，所述复合材料层的外周壁设有绝热内层，所述绝热内层的外周壁设有绝热外层，所述绝热外层的外周壁设有外罐，所述外罐的底部固定连接有放置板，所述放置板的两侧固定连接有加强筋，所述放置板的底部两端固定连接有减震片，所述放置板通过减震片固定连接有底座，所述底座的顶部固定连接有套筒，所述套筒的内腔底部固定连接有减震弹簧，所述套筒的内腔设有活塞，所述活塞与套筒活动连接，所述活塞的顶部固定连接有活塞杆，所述活塞杆与放置板固定连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：所述内罐由0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢板焊成，所述内罐的中部顶端设有加注管，所述加注管的上端分别固定连接有外接气源阀与外接气源接头，所述加注管的右端分别固定连接有压力阀和压力表。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：所述内罐的右端顶部通过管道分别固定连接有蒸发器阀与蒸发器，所述内罐的右端顶部通过管道固定连接有真空阀。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：所述套筒的顶部设有通孔，所述活塞杆通过通孔与套筒套接，所述活塞杆的直径小于通孔的内径，且范围在5mm-8mm之间，所述活塞的外径小于套筒的内径，且范围在3mm-5mm之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：所述复合材料层为纤维增强环氧树脂基料，所述绝热内层与绝热外层均为陶瓷纤维层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种液氢储罐，其特征在于：所述减震片为弹簧钢片。
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