CN109295277A - A kind of on-line monitoring method and device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect - Google Patents
A kind of on-line monitoring method and device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN109295277A CN109295277A CN201811352107.7A CN201811352107A CN109295277A CN 109295277 A CN109295277 A CN 109295277A CN 201811352107 A CN201811352107 A CN 201811352107A CN 109295277 A CN109295277 A CN 109295277A
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- air permeability
- permeability effect
- feeding element
- blowing gas
- bottom blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the on-line monitoring methods and device of a kind of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, belong to metallurgical technology field, solve the problems, such as that the accuracy of the air permeability effect judgement of bottom-blowing air feed element in the prior art and accuracy are poor.The method of the present invention includes following steps: obtaining unimpeded degree evidence, cooling than data and covering slag layer height data, air permeability effect evaluation parameter is calculated than data and covering slag layer height data according to unimpeded degree evidence, cooling, air permeability effect evaluation parameter is greater than first threshold, illustrates that converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element is unobstructed；Second threshold≤air permeability effect evaluation parameter≤first threshold, illustrates converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element slight obstruction；Air permeability effect evaluation parameter < second threshold, illustrates that converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element is seriously obstructed.Method and apparatus of the invention can be used for the on-line monitoring of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallurgical technology more particularly to a kind of on-line monitorings of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect
Method and apparatus.
Background technique
Currently, pneumatic steelmaking mostly uses top and bottom combined blown converter, the common method of top and bottom combined blown converter steelmaking is molten from converter
Pond top is blown into oxygen to the molten iron in molten bath by oxygen rifle, is blown into nitrogen to molten bath by bottom rifle from converter bottom or argon gas carries out
Melting bath stirring.
In converter steelmaking process, under the action of bottom blown gas, it is resistance to that high temperature liquid iron or high oxidative clinker can corrode furnace bottom
Fiery material, so that furnace bottom height and bottom-blowing air feed element height be caused to reduce, furnace lining fire proofed wood can be effectively relieved in slag splashing
Expect the reduction of thickness, or even fill up fire proof material of furnace lining thickness to reduce the indentation hole generated.But bottom-blowing air feed element is as pre-
The bottom blowing gas access being located in converter bottom refractory material, length can be reduced with the erosion of bottom refractory, but
It cannot increase with the increase for splashing thickness of slag layer.In converter production process, bottom blowing ventilated element can present exposed or be splashed slag
The case where layer covering, thus the practical gas supply effect of extreme influence bottom-blowing air feed element.
Gas at normal temperature can generate " black eye " because of cooling effect by hot converter bottom, as shown in Figure 1.By to ' black
Eye ' area size, covering clinker height and the unobstructed degree of bottom-blowing air feed element comprehensive analysis may determine that bottom blowing gas member
The air permeability effect of part.But human eye can only be relied on for the observation of ' black eye ' at present, to the air permeability effect of bottom-blowing air feed element
The accuracy and accuracy of judgement are poor, are unfavorable for forming the judgment basis of science.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of on-line monitoring side of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect
Method and device solve the accuracy of the air permeability effect judgement of bottom-blowing air feed element in the prior art and accuracy are poor asks
Topic.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of on-line monitoring methods of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, include the following steps:
It obtains unimpeded degree evidence, is cooling than data and covering slag layer height data, according to unimpeded degree evidence, cooling than data and covering slag
Layer height data calculate air permeability effect evaluation parameter, and air permeability effect evaluation parameter is greater than first threshold, illustrates converter bottom blowing gas-feeding
Element is unobstructed；Second threshold≤air permeability effect evaluation parameter≤first threshold, illustrates converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element slight obstruction；Thoroughly
Gas effect assessment parameter < second threshold, illustrates that converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element is seriously obstructed.
In a kind of possible design, include the following steps:
Step 1: obtaining unimpeded degree evidence, cooling than data and covering slag layer height data；
Step 2: it is calculated by using the following formula air permeability effect evaluation parameter,
In formula, K is air permeability effect evaluation parameter, and RF is unimpeded degree, KRSTo be cooling than evaluation parameter, KDHTo cover slag blanket
Speak highly of parameter；
RS≤9, KRSIt is 1；9 < RS≤50, KRSIt is 2；RS> 50, KRSIt is 3；
DH=0mm, KDHIt is 1；0mm < DH≤100mm, KDHIt is 2；DH > 100mm, KDHIt is 3.
In a kind of possible design, first threshold is 0.5~0.7, and second threshold is 0.2~0.4.
In a kind of possible design, first threshold 0.6.
In a kind of possible design, second threshold 0.3.
It is cooling than being the ratio between black eye region area and bottom-blowing air feed element discharge area in a kind of possible design；
RS≤9, breathable manner are ventilative for boundling；9 RS≤50 <, breathable manner are ventilative for disperse mushroom head；RS> 50, thoroughly
Gas mode is ventilative for disperse slag blanket.
In a kind of possible design, unobstructed degree is the ratio of pipeline actual flow and pipeline theoretical flow；80≤RF≤
100%, venting capability is normal；0 < RF < 80%, venting capability are blocking；RF=0%, venting capability are to block.
In a kind of possible design, covering slag layer height is the difference of furnace bottom height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value
Value；DH=0mm, condition of breathing freely are exposed；0mm < DH≤100mm, condition of breathing freely are thin slag blanket；DH > 100mm, condition of breathing freely
For thick slag blanket.
The present invention also provides a kind of on-Line Monitor Devices of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, including for monitoring
The stream of the pressure sensor of the supply air line pressure of bottom-blowing air feed element, pipeline actual flow for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element
Quantity sensor, the thermal infrared imager for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element black eye region area, for monitoring furnace bottom height value and bottom
The calibrator and operation controller of aeration element height value.
In a kind of possible design, operation controller obtains supply air line pressure, supply air line actual flow, bottom blowing confession
Unobstructed degree, cooling ratio and covering is calculated in gas element black eye region area, furnace bottom height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value
Slag blanket height, and air permeability effect evaluation parameter is calculated according to unobstructed degree, cooling ratio and covering slag layer height, turn to realize
The on-line monitoring of furnace bottom aeration element air permeability effect and judgement.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
A) it is provided by the invention compared with prior art, converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect provided by the invention
Line monitoring method by integration test and analysis venting capability (unimpeded degree evidence), breathable manner (cooling than data) and is breathed freely
Condition (covering slag layer height data), obtains air permeability effect evaluation parameter, by air permeability effect evaluation parameter, bottom-blowing of converter is supplied
The bottom blowing effect of gas element is quantified, and so as to intuitively reflect the air permeability effect of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element, is improved
To the accuracy and accuracy of the judgement of the air permeability effect of bottom-blowing air feed element, realize converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect
Line monitoring and judgement, provide more scientific, reasonable technical support for Blowing Converter.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, also, partial become from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by written explanation
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in book, claims and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is only used for showing the purpose of specific embodiment, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, in entire attached drawing
In, identical reference symbol indicates identical component.
Fig. 1 is the photo of converter bottom ' black eye ' in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes the application a part, and
Together with embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the principle of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of on-line monitoring methods of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, as shown in Fig. 2, including
Following steps: it obtains unimpeded degree evidence, is cooling than data and covering slag layer height data, number is compared according to unimpeded degree evidence, cooling
Air permeability effect evaluation parameter is calculated according to covering slag layer height data, air permeability effect evaluation parameter is greater than first threshold, illustrates to turn
Furnace bottom aeration element is unobstructed；Second threshold≤air permeability effect evaluation parameter≤first threshold, illustrates converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element
Slight obstruction；Air permeability effect evaluation parameter < second threshold, illustrates that converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element is seriously obstructed.
Compared with prior art, the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect provided by the invention leads to
Cross integration test and analysis venting capability (unimpeded degree evidence), breathable manner (cooling than data) and ventilative condition (covering slag blanket
Altitude information), air permeability effect evaluation parameter is obtained, by air permeability effect evaluation parameter, by the bottom blowing of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element
Effect is quantified, and so as to intuitively reflect the air permeability effect of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element, is improved to bottom blowing gas member
Part air permeability effect judgement accuracy and accuracy, realize converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect on-line monitoring with sentence
It is fixed, more scientific, reasonable technical support is provided for Blowing Converter.
Specifically, the on-line monitoring method of above-mentioned converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect includes the following steps:
Step 1: obtaining unimpeded degree evidence, cooling than data and covering slag layer height data；
Step 2: it is calculated by using the following formula air permeability effect evaluation parameter,
In formula, K is air permeability effect evaluation parameter, and RF is unimpeded degree, KRSTo be cooling than evaluation parameter, KDHTo cover slag blanket
Speak highly of parameter；
Breathable manner indicates that RS≤9, breathable manner is ventilative for boundling, K with cooling than (RS)RSIt is 1；9 RS≤50 <, thoroughly
Gas mode is ventilative for disperse mushroom head, KRSIt is 2；RS> 50, breathable manner is ventilative for disperse slag blanket, KRSIt is 3；
Ventilative condition indicates that DH=0mm, condition of breathing freely is exposed, K with covering slag layer height (DH)DHIt is 1；0mm < DH
≤ 100mm, condition of breathing freely are thin slag blanket, KDHIt is 2；DH > 100mm, condition of breathing freely are thick slag blanket, KDHIt is 3.
The air permeability effect evaluation parameter being calculated according to above-mentioned air permeability effect evaluation parameter, wherein first threshold can be with
It is 0.5~0.7, second threshold can be 0.2~0.4, illustratively, and first threshold 0.6, second threshold 0.3, that is,
It says, as K > 0.6, illustrates that bottom blowing is unblocked；As 0.3 < K < 0.6, illustrate bottom blowing slight obstruction；As K < 0.3, illustrate bottom
It blows obstructed.
It should be noted that cooling refer to vent area i.e. ' black eye ' region area and bottom-blowing air feed element exit face than RS
The ratio between product；Cooling than why can embody breathable manner, be because of, in converter steelmaking process, slag splashing and fettling etc.
Operation, bottom blown gas can pass through the slag blanket of certain altitude, will form the shadow (i.e. " black eye ") of low temperature above bottom-blowing air feed element,
The size of shadow is able to reflect breathable manner, if shadow very little, it may be said that the slag blanket of bright top is very thin, and breathable manner is exposed
Or it is approximate exposed, if shadow is very big, illustrate that the slag blanket of top is very thick, if without shadow, it may be said that it is bright to be blown out without gas,
Then reflect that bottom-blowing air feed element blocks, it is therefore, anti-by the size relationship established between shadow and bottom-blowing air feed element outlet
Breathable manner is reflected, as cooling ratio.
It is indicated similarly, for venting capability with unobstructed degree (RF), RF is pipeline actual flow and pipeline theoretical flow
Air permeability effect can be divided into normal (80≤RF≤100%) according to unobstructed degree, blocking (0 < RF < 80%), blocked by ratio
(RF=0%).Why unimpeded degree can embody dialysis ability, be because, following formula be flow and pressure, equivalent aera it
Between relation formula, for incompressible fluid, the ratio between flow under uniform pressure can be equal to the ratio between equivalent aera.
According to compressible gas critical state flow rate calculation formula:
Wherein, F*For equivalent throat area (cm2), P0To flow through the gas stagnation pressure (kg/cm before aditus laryngis2)；T0For gas
Body stagnation temperature (K), Ψ are discharge coefficient, generally take 0.96, QN2For volume flow, GN2For compressible gas critical state stream
Amount；
Above-mentioned formula is converted into volume flow, then:
In formula, GN2For compressible gas critical state flow, QN2For volume flow, ρN2For gas density.
The calculation method of theoretical calculation flow follows following principle:
For incompressible fluid, under pipeline promoting menstruation certain condition, it can be assumed that pressure is proportional with flow, i.e. y
=ax+b, therefore, as long as knowing a and b of the pipeline, you can learn that flow y under conditions of only knowing pressure x；For a and b
Acquisition modes, before bottom-blowing air feed element puts into production, under the conditions of sky is blown, flow under one-point measurement different pressures is taken
Multiple spot, fitting are in line, and obtain a and b；The calculation method of unobstructed degree are as follows: after obtaining a and b, in converter production process, pass through a
With b, the theoretical flow under production pressure can be calculated.Therefore, the ratio of actual flow and theoretical flow can be used as equivalent aera
Ratio, i.e., unobstructed degree.
It is the difference of furnace bottom height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value for covering slag layer height DH, wherein bottom blowing supplies
Gas element heights value is to measure the historical low value of furnace bottom height, can be divided into bottom outlet mode according to covering slag layer height naked
Reveal (DH=0), thin slag blanket (0 < DH< 100mm), thick slag blanket (100≤DH)。
A kind of on-Line Monitor Device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect is present embodiments provided, including for monitoring
The stream of the pressure sensor of the supply air line pressure of bottom-blowing air feed element, pipeline actual flow for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element
Quantity sensor, the thermal infrared imager for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element black eye region area, for monitoring furnace bottom height value and bottom
The calibrator and operation controller of aeration element height value；Above-mentioned operation controller obtains supply air line pressure, air supply pipe
Road actual flow, bottom-blowing air feed element black eye region area, furnace bottom height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value, are calculated logical
Smooth degree, cooling ratio and covering slag layer height, and air permeability effect is calculated and comments according to unobstructed degree, cooling ratio and covering slag layer height
Valence parameter, to realize on-line monitoring and the judgement of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect.
Compared with prior art, the on-Line Monitor Device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect provided in this embodiment
The beneficial effect of the on-line monitoring method for the converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect that beneficial effect is provided with embodiment one is basic
It is identical, it will not repeat them here.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is implemented on the 120t top and bottom combined blown converter of six bottom blowing branches, 251 furnace of furnace life.
When setting flow as 40Nm in smelting process3It when/h, is controlled by valve group, the feedback point of six bottom blowing branches
Not are as follows: flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening 30%, pressure 0.1651MPa, flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening 26%, pressure
0.157MPa, flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening 34%, pressure 0.155MPa, flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening 31%, pressure
Power 0.153MPa, flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening 29%, pressure 0.161MPa, flow 40Nm3/ h, control valve opening
27%, pressure 0.157MPa；It being verified according to theory, unobstructed degree RF is respectively as follows: 0.96,0.96,0.97,0.98,0.98,1.01,
The average value of unobstructed degree RF is 0.98；
After tapping, being measured by thermal infrared imager, the cooling ratio RS of six bottom blowing branches is respectively as follows: 15.2,18.9,
22.1,10.3,11.1,22.1, the cooling average value than RS is 15.1；
Measuring converter bottom by calibrator is 850~880mm, and historical low furnace bottom position is 780, furnace bottom thickness of slag layer
50~100mm；
It runs controller and analyzes result are as follows: the thin slag blanket of furnace bottom, disperse mushroom head is ventilative, and bottom-blowing air feed element air permeability effect is just
Often；Being 0.96 by can be calculated K, illustrating that bottom blowing is unblocked.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, which comprises the steps of:
It obtains unimpeded degree evidence, is cooling than data and covering slag layer height data, than data and being covered according to unimpeded degree evidence, cooling
Lid slag blanket altitude information calculates air permeability effect evaluation parameter, and air permeability effect evaluation parameter is greater than first threshold, illustrates bottom-blowing of converter
Air supply device is unobstructed；Second threshold≤air permeability effect evaluation parameter≤first threshold, illustrate converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element slightly by
Resistance；Air permeability effect evaluation parameter < second threshold, illustrates that converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element is seriously obstructed.
2. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: obtaining unimpeded degree evidence, cooling than data and covering slag layer height data；
Step 2: it is calculated by using the following formula air permeability effect evaluation parameter,
In formula, K is air permeability effect evaluation parameter, and RF is unimpeded degree, KRSTo be cooling than evaluation parameter, KDHIt is commented for covering slag layer height
Valence parameter.
RS≤9, KRSIt is 1；9 < RS≤50, KRSIt is 2；RS> 50, KRSIt is 3；
DH=0mm, KDHIt is 1；0mm < DH≤100mm, KDHIt is 2；DH > 100mm, KDHIt is 3.
3. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In first threshold is 0.5~0.7, and second threshold is 0.2~0.4.
4. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the
One threshold value is 0.6.
5. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the
Two threshold values are 0.3.
6. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In described cooling than being the ratio between black eye region area and bottom-blowing air feed element discharge area；
RS≤9, breathable manner are ventilative for boundling；9 RS≤50 <, breathable manner are ventilative for disperse mushroom head；RS> 50, breathe freely side
Formula is ventilative for disperse slag blanket.
7. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In the unobstructed degree is the ratio of pipeline actual flow and pipeline theoretical flow；
80≤RF≤100%, venting capability are normal；0 < RF < 80%, venting capability are blocking；RF=0%, venting capability
To block.
8. the on-line monitoring method of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In the covering slag layer height is the difference of furnace bottom height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value；
DH=0mm, condition of breathing freely are exposed；0mm < DH≤100mm, condition of breathing freely are thin slag blanket；DH > 100mm, condition of breathing freely
For thick slag blanket.
9. a kind of on-Line Monitor Device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect, which is characterized in that including for monitoring bottom blowing
The pressure sensor of the supply air line pressure of air supply device, pipeline actual flow for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element flow pass
Sensor, the thermal infrared imager for monitoring bottom-blowing air feed element black eye region area are supplied for monitoring furnace bottom height value and bottom blowing
The calibrator and operation controller of gas element heights value.
10. the on-Line Monitor Device of converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The operation controller obtains supply air line pressure, supply air line actual flow, bottom-blowing air feed element black eye region area, furnace bottom
Height value and bottom-blowing air feed element height value, are calculated unobstructed degree, cooling ratio and covering slag layer height, and according to unobstructed degree,
Air permeability effect evaluation parameter is calculated in cooling ratio and covering slag layer height, to realize converter bottom blowing gas-feeding element air permeability effect
On-line monitoring and judgement.
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| TWI697561B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-07-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating melting loss of bottom blowing hole of converter |
| CN113637820A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-12 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Converter bottom blowing gas supply branch pipe differentiation control method and system based on image recognition |
| CN114107609A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | Gas injection process model for ladle refining |
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| CN109295277B (en) | 2019-08-23 |
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