CN109292991A - A kind of research method of difference floating bed filler purifying water effect - Google Patents
A kind of research method of difference floating bed filler purifying water effect Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of research method of different floating bed filler purifying water effects, this method has studied three kinds of different rich nutrition level water bodys: middle eutrophy, eutrophy, in weight eutrophy, floating bed filler: rice hull carbon, medical stone, haydite are to the clean-up effect of water quality.The result shows that rice hull carbon is to TN, NH in middle rich nutrition level water body4 +‑N、NO3 ‑The removal effect of-N is better than medical stone and haydite；And to the removal effect of TP, haydite is substantially better than medical stone and rice hull carbon.From the point of view of the upgrowth situation of floating bed plant, in middle rich nutrition level and rich nutrition level water body, rice husk carbon filling material floating bed is substantially better than other two kinds of fillers.No matter purify water or plant growth should not use biological floating bed in weight eutrophic water body.Studying the different floating bed fillers effect that purifies water with to the shadow of plant growth can effectively instruct waste water control, and builds for wetlands ecosystems and provide scientific basis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to floating bed studying technological domains, are related to a kind of research method of different floating bed filler purifying water effects, tool
It says to body, is related to a kind of research method of different floating bed filler purifying water effects in different rich nutrition level water bodys.
Background technique
" China Environmental State Bulletin in 2015 " promulgated according to State Ministry of Environmental Protection: national surface water is generally slight dirty
Dye, but water eutrophication outstanding problem.The state of the seven major basins such as the Changjiang river, the Yellow River, the Zhujiang River, Song Hua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River, the Liaohe River
It controls in section, IV-V class and bad V class water quality section ratio reach 20.9% and 10.2%.In 60 lakes (reservoir) of monitoring
In, eutrophic state accounts for 25.0%.It can be seen that the river of China, lake pollution constantly aggravate, eutrophication problem is outstanding
It for protrusion, and is in continuous development trend.
The phenomenon that eutrophication is a kind of water body aging refers to that the enrichment in lake, reservoir and river water nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient is existing
As.Its essence is the input and output due to nutriment are unbalance, the balance of water ecosystem broken, has destroyed its substance and follow
Ring and energy flow cause the entire ecosystem gradually to move towards to wither away.Since the mankind's activities such as urbanization, industrialization aggravate, lake
Eutrophication process can occur in recent years for pool (reservoir), not only bring about great losses to social economy, also can be to human body
Health causes to seriously endanger, therefore extremely urgent to the improvement of eutrophic water body.Currently, the control and management of eutrophication water
Measure mainly has physical method, chemical method and biological method.The above two cut both ways, not only at high cost, can also generate two
Secondary pollution.Biological method mainly includes microorganism remediation, water plant is repaired and aquatic animal is repaired, wherein phytoremediation safety
Property and stability are significantly larger than microorganism and animal reparation.
In order to build preferably landscape effect, planting type of the plant in water body is mostly artificial floating bed.Artificial floating bed
Be people is planted in large-scale hygrophyte on floating bed carrier using cultivation technique without soil, bubble through the water column on, pass through plant root
Absorption and sorption effect, cut down eutrophic water body in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substance, rebuild in finite region and restore Ecology
System, and water body is moved away from by harvesting plant, to reach purifying water effect, while building superaqual landscape.Research both at home and abroad
Prove, it is biological floating bed have it is pollution-free, make full use of water surface space, effect stability, material source is wide, the advantages that being easily assembled to.
However, the deeply popularization with application, some defects of floating bed with floating bed technical research are also more and more obvious, plant growth mistake
It is withered and rotten to occur because of pest and disease damage or Catastrophe climate blade in journey, if mustn't go to timely cleaning, will generate secondary
Pollution.The study found that hand-stuff is applied to biological floating bed, it is a kind of universal, feasible and practical technical measures, has good
Good purifying water effect.But biological floating bed applicable situation, using effect are indefinite, cause huge waste in production practice,
It is necessary to understand fully its research method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of research method of different floating bed filler purifying water effects, three kinds are had studied
In different rich nutrition level water bodys (middle eutrophy, eutrophy, weight eutrophy), floating bed filler (rice hull carbon, medical stone, haydite) is right
The clean-up effect of water quality.The result shows that (1), in terms of purifying water effect, in middle rich nutrition level water body, rice hull carbon is to TN, NH4 +-
N、NO3 -The removal effect of-N is better than medical stone and haydite；And to the removal effect of TP, haydite is substantially better than medical stone and rice husk
Charcoal.In rich nutrition level and weight rich nutrition level water body, the purifying water effect of filler floating bed does not have clear superiority.(2) in plant
Growth aspect, in middle rich nutrition level and rich nutrition level water body, the upgrowth situation of floating bed plant, rice husk carbon filling material floating bed is obvious
Better than other two kinds of fillers；And in weight rich nutrition level water body, the vegetation growth state of non-filling floating bed is best.(3) from net
From the point of view of changing water quality and plant growth, in weight eutrophic water body, should not it use biological floating bed.
Its technical solution is as follows:
A kind of research method of difference floating bed filler purifying water effect, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the selection for trying water body
Water body uses manual simulation's waste water.NH is added in tap water4CL、KNO3、KH2PO4, the pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus in water is simulated,
Allot the eutrophic water of 3 kinds of middle eutrophy, eutrophy, weight eutrophy etc. different pollution levels.The ecology that different substrates are arranged is floating
Bed, respectively rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite, floating bed size are 1m*1m, and every kind of processing has 3 repetitions.Every 15 days, acquisition
Water sample and plant sample measure TN, TP, NH in water4 +-N、NO3 -- N concentration, and measure the growth indexes of hygrophyte.
The selection of step 2, test plant and filler
Select yellow flag and Siberian iris for floating bed plant, the purchase of both plants is from before flowers market, experiment by root
Soil is cleaned, and domestication adaptation two weeks is tested again in clear water；
The floating bed filler selected is rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite, is compareed as packless blank test；
The foundation of step 3, floating bed system
What the present invention was built biological floating bed is made of kickboard, plantation basket, connection buckle.
Step 4, data statistics
It is for statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 software and Excel.
Further, in step 3, the kickboard is made of high-density polyethylene material, there is 9 plantations in one square metre
Hole.
Further, in middle eutrophy and eutrophic water body, rice husk carbon filling material floating bed is obviously excellent to the clean-up effect of water quality
In other fillers；And in weight rich nutrition level water body, the purifying water effect of non-filling floating bed is better than having the floating bed filled out.
Further, in middle eutrophy and rich nutrition level water body, upgrowth situation of the floating bed plant in rice husk carbon filling material
Better than other fillers；In weight rich nutrition level water body, upgrowth situation of the floating bed plant in non-filling is better than having the floating of filler
Bed.
Further, in middle eutrophy and rich nutrition level water body, most suitable floating bed filler is rice hull carbon；And in the rich battalion of weight
It supports in water body, non-filling floating bed is best.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention studies influence of the different floating bed fillers to the clean-up effect and plant growth of water quality and is of great significance, and can be wet
Ground ecosystem construction and environmental protection provide scientific basis, avoid repeating to study the huge waste with production practices.It grinds herein
Study carefully in three kinds of different rich nutrition level water bodys (middle eutrophy, eutrophy, weight eutrophy), floating bed filler (rice hull carbon, wheat meal
Stone, haydite) to the clean-up effect of water quality.The result shows that rice hull carbon is to TN, NH in middle rich nutrition level water body4 +-N、NO3 --
The removal effect of N is better than medical stone and haydite；And to the removal effect of TP, haydite is substantially better than medical stone and rice hull carbon.In richness
In nutritional profile and weight rich nutrition level water body, the purifying water effect of filler floating bed does not have clear superiority.Meanwhile in middle eutrophy journey
In degree and rich nutrition level water body, the upgrowth situation of floating bed plant, rice husk carbon filling material floating bed is substantially better than other two kinds of fillers；And
In weight rich nutrition level water body, filler floating bed plant upgrowth situation does not have a clear superiority.Therefore, in Heavyeutrophication water body
In, no matter from purify water or plant growth from the point of view of, should not use biological floating bed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the research method flow chart that purifies water, wherein " biological floating bed not have clear superiority " refers to using biological floating bed
This method, in terms of purifying water, improving environment and promote plant growth, without clear superiority, it should use its other party
Method, to avoid wasting, ensuring wetland ecoengineering construction quality.
Fig. 2 is construction plants landscape research method flow chart, clear in middle eutrophy and eutrophic water body, can use rice husk
Carbon filling material floating bed promotes plant growth, and should not use biological floating bed construction plants landscape in weight eutrophic water body.
Fig. 3 difference filler floating bed is to different pollution level water body TN, NH4 +-N、NO3 -The removal effect of-N.Wherein, Fig. 3
(a) removal rate rice hull carbon (55.4%) > haydite (46.4%) > medical stone of 3 kinds of fillers to TN in middle eutrophic water body is indicated
(43.6%) > blank (38.3%)；Fig. 3 (b) indicates that three kinds of filler floating beds are to TN in water body when eutrophic extent is presented in water body
Removal rate blank (69.9%) > haydite (69.8%) > rice hull carbon (64.2%) > medical stone (62.6%)；Fig. 3 (c) is indicated in weight
In eutrophic water body, the final removal rate blank (73.3%) of TN > rice hull carbon (71.2%) > medical stone (71.1%) > haydite (68.6%).
Fig. 3 (d) indicates the NO in middle eutrophication water3 -The final removal rate of-N, rice hull carbon (68.3%) > blank (67.7%) > wheat meal
Stone (66.6%) > haydite (65.4%)；Fig. 3 (e) indicates the NO in rich nutrition level water body3 -The final removal rate medical stone of-N
(80.3%) > rice hull carbon (79.4%) > haydite (79%) > blank (78.3%)；Fig. 3 (f) is indicated in weight rich nutrition level water body, right
NO3 -The final removal rate of-N is blank (83.6%) > rice hull carbon (82.9%) > haydite (82.3%) > medical stone (82.1%).Fig. 3 (g)
It indicates for NH4 +The removal of-N, in middle rich nutrition level water body, final removal rate rice hull carbon (91.6%) > haydite (83.3%) >
Medical stone (75%) > blank (41.7%)；Fig. 3 (h) indicates the NH in the water body of rich nutrition level+-N 4Final removal rate: pottery
Grain (78.6%) > rice hull carbon (75%) > medical stone (67.9%) > blank (64.2%)；Fig. 3 (i) indicate weight rich nutrition level in,
NH4 +The final removal rate of-N: rice hull carbon (84.8%) > haydite ≈ medical stone ≈ blank.
Removal effect of Fig. 4 difference filler floating bed to different pollution level water body TP.Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is indicated in middle rich battalion
It supports in water body, to the final removal rate of TP: haydite (83.3%) > medical stone (83.1%) > rice hull carbon (72.2%) > blank (72%)；
Fig. 4 (b) indicates the final removal rate of TP: haydite (89.3%) > medical stone (85.7%) > blank in the water body of rich nutrition level
(85.2%) > rice hull carbon (83.2%)；Fig. 4 (c) expression is in weight eutrophic water body, the final removal rate of TP: haydite (92.5%) >
Medical stone (90%) > blank (89%) > rice hull carbon (42.5%).
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
1 materials and methods
1.1 for trying water body
This test water body uses manual simulation's waste water.According to Shu Jinhua in " evaluation of Chinese Main Lakes eutrophic extent "
In the evaluation criterion mentioned, NH is added in tap water4CL、KNO3、KH2PO4, the pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus in water is simulated, middle richness is allotted
The eutrophic water of 3 kinds of nutrition, eutrophy, weight eutrophy etc. different pollution levels.The biological floating bed of different substrates is set, respectively
Rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite, floating bed size are 1m*1m, and every kind of processing has 3 repetitions.Every 15 days, water sample and plant are acquired
Sample measures TN, TP, NH in water4 +-N、NO3 -- N concentration, and measure the growth indexes of hygrophyte.
1.2 test plant and filler
The yellow flag and Siberian iris that the present invention selects Yangtze River Delta common are floating bed plant, the purchase of both plants
It buys and cleans root soil from before flowers market, experiment, domestication adaptation two weeks is tested again in clear water.
The floating bed filler selected is rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite.Rice hull carbon main component is the rice husk of carbonization, is had close
The feature that degree is big, specific gravity is small, absorption property is good；Medical stone is a kind of natural silicate mineral, has very strong suction-operated
And exchange interaction；Haydite is the ceramic granule manually produced, has good permeability and water-retaining property.Control is sky with non-filling
White test.
1.3 floating bed systems
What the present invention was built biological floating bed is made of kickboard, plantation basket, connection buckle.Wherein, kickboard is by high density polyethylene (HDPE) material
Material is made, and has 9 implantation holes in a square meter.
1.4 data statistics
It is for statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 software and Excel.
2 interpretations of result
2.1 effects of purification quality
2.1.1 to TN, NH in water4 +-N、NO3 -The removal of-N
As shown in figure 3, three kinds of filler floating beds are roughly the same to the final removal effect of TN in middle eutrophication water, but
Early period is tested, when second of sampling determination, the removal rate of rice hull carbon is significantly greater than haydite and medical stone.From figure 3, it can be seen that
In middle rich nutrition level water body, removal rate rice hull carbon (55.4%) > haydite (46.4%) > medical stone of three kinds of fillers to TN
(43.6%) > blank (38.3%)；When eutrophic extent is presented in water body, removal rate of three kinds of filler floating beds to TN in water body
Blank (69.9%) > haydite (69.8%) > rice hull carbon (64.2%) > medical stone (62.6%)；It is final to remove in weight eutrophic water body
Rate blank (73.3%) > rice hull carbon (71.2%) > medical stone (71.1%) > haydite (68.6%).
NO3 -The removal rate of-N and TN are different.In middle eutrophication water, NO3 -The final removal rate of-N, rice husk
Charcoal (68.3%) > blank (67.7%) > medical stone (66.6%) > haydite (65.4%)；In rich nutrition level water body, NO3 -- N is most
Whole removal rate medical stone (80.3%) > rice hull carbon (79.4%) > haydite (79%) > blank (78.3%)；In weight rich nutrition level water body
In, to NO3 -The final removal rate of-N is blank (83.6%) > rice hull carbon (82.9%) > haydite (82.3%) > medical stone (82.1%).
For NH4 +The removal of-N, in middle rich nutrition level water body, final removal rate rice hull carbon (91.6%) > haydite
(83.3%) > medical stone (75%) > blank (41.7%)；In the water body of rich nutrition level, NH4Final removal rate: haydite
(78.6%) > rice hull carbon (75%) > medical stone (67.9%) > blank (64.2%)；In weight rich nutrition level, NH4 +- N's finally goes
Except rate: rice hull carbon (84.8%) > haydite ≈ medical stone ≈ blank.
In different degrees of eutrophic water body, the denitrification of different fillers is not also identical, possible mechanism are as follows: this examination
The rice husk carbon for testing use, rich in nutrient needed for rice-straw fibre and plant growth, in the water body of middle eutrophic extent
In, the denitrification effect of rice hull carbon is substantially better than medical stone and haydite, illustrates that rice hull carbon had both promoted plant in middle eutrophic water body
Object growth, but because itself good absorption property generates good effect to purification of water quality；In rich nutrition level and the rich battalion of weight
It supports in degree water body, N nutrition contained by water body itself is enough even much larger than amount needed for plant growth, therefore rice hull carbon is made
For filler, surface forms the microbial population for being suitble to it to decompose, and rice hull carbon is adsorbed the microorganism decomposition on its surface, into water body
Part N, P element are discharged, in addition nitration reaction makes N element be eventually converted into N2；In weight eutrophic water body, N contained by water body,
Content needed for P element content is much higher than plant normal growth, therefore floating bed filler is net with water quality to plant growth instead
Inhibition and coercion are played in change.It can be seen that floating bed filler is not suitable in Heavyeutrophication water body.
Removal to TP in water
As shown in figure 4, different floating bed fillers are also different to the removal rate of TP in water in different degrees of eutrophic water body.?
In middle eutrophic water body, to the final removal rate of TP: haydite (83.3%) > medical stone (83.1%) > rice hull carbon (72.2%) > blank
(72%)；In the water body of rich nutrition level, haydite (89.3%) > medical stone (85.7%) > blank (85.2%) > rice hull carbon
(83.2%)；In weight eutrophic water body, haydite (92.5%) > medical stone (90%) > blank (89%) > rice hull carbon (42.5%).
If floating bed plant root system is grown in water, root system absorbs the nutrient (P, N) in water body first, but floating
After filler is added in bed, filler is directly contacted with root system, therefore the nutrient in root system preferential absorption filler.It is selected in the present invention
When with filler, the content of nutrient: haydite<medical stone<rice hull carbon, thus in water P absorption, haydite floating bed>medical stone is floating
Bed > rice hull carbon floating bed.
2.2 vegetation growth state
During research, yellow flag and Siberian iris growing state are all very good, survival rate 100%.
In middle eutrophic water body, yellow flag height increament: rice hull carbon (15cm) > medical stone (13cm) > haydite (10cm) >
Blank (8cm)；Siberian iris height increament: rice hull carbon (12cm) > medical stone (11cm) > haydite (10cm) > blank
(6cm).In eutrophic water body, yellow flag height increament: rice hull carbon (23cm) > medical stone (21cm) > haydite (20cm) > blank
(16cm)；Siberian iris height increament: rice hull carbon (15cm) > medical stone (12cm) > haydite (10cm) > blank (8cm).?
In weight eutrophic water body, yellow flag height increament: blank (21cm) > haydite (18cm) > medical stone (16cm) > rice hull carbon
(12cm)；Siberian iris height increament: blank (17cm) > haydite (14cm) > medical stone (10cm) > rice hull carbon (8cm).
In middle eutrophic water body and eutrophic water body, there is the floating bed plant upgrowth situation of filler to be substantially better than packless
Floating bed is conducive to strengthen and plant this is because floating bed filler is conducive to plant growth in middle eutrophy and rich nutrition level water body
Object root activity and growth rate；And inhibiting effect is played in weight rich nutrition level water body.Therefore, in weight eutrophic water body
In, the plant growth amount of non-filling floating bed is better than the floating bed plant for having filler.
3 conclusions and discussion
(1) in terms of purifying water effect, in middle rich nutrition level water body, rice hull carbon is to TN, NH4 +-N、NO3 -The removal effect of-N is excellent
In medical stone and haydite；And to the removal effect of TP, haydite is substantially better than medical stone and rice hull carbon.And in rich nutrition level and again
In rich nutrition level water body, the purifying water effect of filler floating bed does not have clear superiority, but for TP, the water purification effect of haydite floating bed
Fruit is better than medical stone and rice hull carbon floating bed.
(2) in terms of plant growth, in middle rich nutrition level and rich nutrition level water body, the upgrowth situation of floating bed plant,
Rice husk carbon filling material floating bed is substantially better than other two kinds of fillers；And in weight rich nutrition level water body, the plant of non-filling floating bed is raw
Long situation is best.
(3) it from purifying water with from the point of view of plant growth, in weight eutrophic water body, should not use biological floating bed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of research method of difference floating bed filler purifying water effect, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the selection for trying water body
Water body uses manual simulation's waste water；NH is added in tap water4CL、KNO3、KH2PO4, the pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus in water is simulated, is matched
The eutrophic water of the different pollution levels of middle eutrophy, eutrophy, 3 kinds of weight eutrophy out；The biological floating bed of different substrates is set, point
Not Wei rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite, floating bed size is 1m*1m, and every kind of processing has 3 repetitions；Every 15 days, acquire water sample and
Plant sample measures TN, TP, NH in water4 +-N、NO3 -- N concentration, and measure hygrophyte growth indexes；
The selection of step 2, test plant and filler
It selects yellow flag and Siberian iris for floating bed plant, cleans root soil before experiment, tame and adapt in clear water
Two weeks is tested again；
The floating bed filler selected is rice hull carbon, medical stone and haydite, is compareed using non-filling as blank test；
The foundation of step 3, floating bed system
That builds biological floating bed is made of kickboard, plantation basket, connection buckle；
Step 4, data statistics
It is for statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 software and Excel.
2. the research method of difference floating bed filler purifying water effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3, institute
It states kickboard to be made of high-density polyethylene material, there is 9 implantation holes in one square metre.
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