CN109290341B - Method for recycling waste ceramic - Google Patents
Method for recycling waste ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN109290341B CN109290341B CN201811181628.0A CN201811181628A CN109290341B CN 109290341 B CN109290341 B CN 109290341B CN 201811181628 A CN201811181628 A CN 201811181628A CN 109290341 B CN109290341 B CN 109290341B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, and discloses a method for recycling waste ceramics, which comprises the following steps: crushing, acid treatment, primary calcination, alkali treatment, freezing and secondary calcination; the method for recycling the waste ceramics is simple and convenient to operate, and can be used for recycling the waste ceramics, so that the waste ceramics are fine and smooth, a large amount of resources are saved, and the environment is protected; crushing the waste ceramic, adding an acetic acid solution, and heating to remove impurities in the ceramic powder, so as to desalt the color and luster and make the waste ceramic smooth and fine; the waste ceramic powder is calcined after acid treatment, so that the vitrification degree of the waste ceramic can be reduced, and the waste ceramic powder is finer and smoother.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, in particular to a method for recycling waste ceramics.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life and the change of aesthetic viewpoints of people, ceramic products are used more and more, such as ceramic tableware, ceramic tea sets, floor tiles, wall tiles, ornaments and the like, the ceramic products are prepared more and more, more waste ceramic is generated in the production and use processes, particularly, the firing success rate is low in the production process of the ceramic, a large amount of waste ceramic can be generated naturally, the regeneration of the waste ceramic is difficult at present, and a ceramic product factory is difficult to regenerate, so that the generated large amount of waste ceramic is changed into ceramic waste, a large amount of energy is wasted, and meanwhile, the environment is greatly polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for recycling waste ceramics.
A method for recycling waste ceramics comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the waste ceramic into a ball mill, and performing ball milling until the particle size is 180-200 meshes to obtain waste ceramic powder;
(2) acid treatment: adding an acetic acid solution which is 2-3 times the weight of the waste ceramic powder into the waste ceramic powder, uniformly mixing, heating to 75-85 ℃ at a speed of 1.3-1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30-40 min to obtain acid-treated ceramic;
(3) primary calcination: heating the acid-treated ceramic to 270-290 ℃ at the speed of 3-4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-15 min, continuously heating to 530-570 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, and obtaining primary calcined ceramic;
(4) alkali treatment: when the temperature of the primary calcined ceramic is reduced to 80-100 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 1.2-1.6 times of the weight of the waste ceramic powder, keeping the temperature and standing for 3-4 hours to obtain alkali-treated ceramic;
(5) freezing: cooling the alkali-treated ceramic to-54 to-52 ℃ at the speed of 2-3 ℃/min, standing and freezing for 20-24 hours to obtain frozen ceramic;
(6) secondary calcination: heating the frozen ceramic to 670-710 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, heating to 1120-1240 ℃ at a speed of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-40 min, and ball-milling to 400-500 meshes to obtain the regenerated waste ceramic.
The volume fraction of the acetic acid solution in the step (2) is 6-8%.
And (3) the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (4) has a mass percentage concentration of 3-4%.
The regenerated waste ceramic is prepared by the waste ceramic recycling method.
The use method of the regenerated waste ceramic can be used for ceramic blanks, glazes and tires.
The invention has the advantages that: the method for recycling the waste ceramics is simple and convenient to operate, and can be used for recycling the waste ceramics, so that the waste ceramics are fine and smooth, a large amount of resources are saved, and the environment is protected; crushing the waste ceramic, adding an acetic acid solution, and heating to remove impurities in the ceramic powder, so as to desalt the color and luster and make the waste ceramic smooth and fine; the waste ceramic powder is calcined after acid treatment, so that the vitrification degree of the waste ceramic can be reduced, and the waste ceramic powder is finer and smoother; adding sodium hydroxide solution for treatment, adjusting the acidity and alkalinity of the waste ceramics, and improving the hardness and the wear resistance; after the alkali treatment, the waste ceramic is rapidly cooled and frozen, so that the water content in the waste ceramic is uniform, the porosity of the waste ceramic is increased, air can be adsorbed, bubbles generated during the preparation of products are avoided, and the product quality is ensured; then, secondary calcination is carried out, the color of the waste ceramic is removed, the strength and the fineness are improved, and the use is convenient; the prepared regenerated waste ceramic can be used for ceramic blanks, glazes and tires, is wide in use and low in price, and saves the mass production cost.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for recycling waste ceramics comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the waste ceramic in a ball mill, and performing ball milling until the particle size is 180 meshes to obtain waste ceramic powder;
(2) acid treatment: adding an acetic acid solution with the volume fraction of 6 percent, which is 2 times the weight of the waste ceramic powder, into the waste ceramic powder, uniformly mixing, heating to 75 ℃ at the speed of 1.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30min to obtain acid-treated ceramic;
(3) primary calcination: heating the acid-treated ceramic to 270 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, continuing to heat to 530 ℃, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain primary calcined ceramic;
(4) alkali treatment: when the primary calcined ceramic is cooled to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3% and the weight of 1.2 times that of the waste ceramic powder, keeping the temperature and standing for 3 hours to obtain the alkali-treated ceramic;
(5) freezing: cooling the alkali-treated ceramic to-54 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, standing and freezing for 20h to obtain frozen ceramic;
(6) secondary calcination: heating the frozen ceramic to 670 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 1120 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, and ball-milling to 400 meshes to obtain the regenerated waste ceramic.
The regenerated waste ceramic is prepared by the waste ceramic recycling method.
The use method of the regenerated waste ceramic can be used for ceramic blanks, glazes and tires.
Example 2
A method for recycling waste ceramics comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the waste ceramic into a ball mill, and performing ball milling until the particle size is 190 meshes to obtain waste ceramic powder;
(2) acid treatment: adding 7% acetic acid solution 2.5 times the weight of the waste ceramic powder, mixing, heating to 80 deg.C at 1.5 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 35min to obtain acid-treated ceramic;
(3) primary calcination: heating the acid-treated ceramic to 280 ℃ at the speed of 3.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 13min, continuing to heat to 540 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, and obtaining primary calcined ceramic;
(4) alkali treatment: when the temperature of the primary calcined ceramic is reduced to 90 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3.5 percent, which is 1.4 times the weight of the waste ceramic powder, mildly and uniformly, and standing for 3.5 hours in a heat preservation way to obtain the alkali-treated ceramic;
(5) freezing: cooling the alkali-treated ceramic to-53 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min, standing and freezing for 22h to obtain frozen ceramic;
(6) secondary calcination: heating the frozen ceramic to 690 ℃ at the speed of 4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 35min, and ball-milling to 450 meshes to obtain the regenerated waste ceramic.
The regenerated waste ceramic is prepared by the waste ceramic recycling method.
The use method of the regenerated waste ceramic can be used for ceramic blanks, glazes and tires.
Example 3
A method for recycling waste ceramics comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the waste ceramic into a ball mill, and performing ball milling until the particle size is 200 meshes to obtain waste ceramic powder;
(2) acid treatment: adding an acetic acid solution with volume fraction of 8% and 3 times of the weight of the waste ceramic powder into the waste ceramic powder, uniformly mixing, heating to 85 ℃ at the speed of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 40min to obtain acid-treated ceramic;
(3) primary calcination: heating the acid-treated ceramic to 290 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, continuing to heat to 570 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min to obtain primary calcined ceramic;
(4) alkali treatment: when the primary calcined ceramic is cooled to 100 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percentage concentration of 4% and the weight of 1.6 times that of the waste ceramic powder, keeping the temperature and standing for 4 hours to obtain the alkali-treated ceramic;
(5) freezing: cooling the alkali-treated ceramic to-52 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, standing and freezing for 24h to obtain frozen ceramic;
(6) secondary calcination: heating the frozen ceramic to 710 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 40min, and ball-milling to 500 meshes to obtain the regenerated waste ceramic.
The regenerated waste ceramic is prepared by the waste ceramic recycling method.
The use method of the regenerated waste ceramic can be used for ceramic blanks, glazes and tires.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except for the step (2).
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except for the step (3).
Comparative example 3
Step (4) was removed, and the procedure was otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
Step (5) was removed, and the other methods were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
Step (6) was removed, and the other methods were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
Patent document CN 104909839 a discloses a preparation process of ceramic tile glaze.
The use effects of the regenerated waste ceramics of the examples and the comparative examples are as follows:
the regenerated waste ceramics in the examples and the comparative examples are randomly selected and added into the raw materials of the preparation process of the ceramic tile glaze disclosed in the patent document CN 104909839A, the adding amount is 2% of the weight of the glaze, the adding amount of lead oxide is correspondingly reduced, then each group of glaze is glazed on the bowl-shaped ceramic blank body with the same raw material and the same batch, the preparation and the firing are carried out according to the methods of the examples and the comparative examples, the other preparation methods are the same, the abrasion loss, the pinhole number and the bubble number of the fired ceramic are detected, and the using effect of the regenerated waste ceramics in the examples and the comparative examples is shown in the table 1.
Table 1: examples and comparative examples the effect of regenerating used ceramics
| Item | Abrasion amount/(10)-2g) | Number of pinholes/(piece) | Number of bubbles/(number) |
| Example 1 | 13.6 | — | — |
| Example 2 | 13.4 | 1 | — |
| Example 3 | 13.7 | — | — |
| Comparative example 1 | 16.4 | 4 | 3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 18.7 | 5 | 6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 15.9 | 3 | 5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 16.3 | 4 | 4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 18.1 | 3 | 6 |
| Comparative example 6 | 20.3 | 4 | 5 |
Note: "-" indicates no detection.
The results in table 1 show that the regenerated waste ceramics prepared by the method for recycling waste ceramics in the embodiment have obviously smaller abrasion loss and smaller pinhole number and bubble number than those in the comparative example, which indicates that the method for recycling waste ceramics provided by the invention has a good regeneration effect.
Claims (3)
1. A method for recycling waste ceramics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing: placing the waste ceramic into a ball mill, and performing ball milling until the particle size is 180-200 meshes to obtain waste ceramic powder;
(2) acid treatment: adding an acetic acid solution which is 2-3 times the weight of the waste ceramic powder into the waste ceramic powder, uniformly mixing, heating to 75-85 ℃ at a speed of 1.3-1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 30-40 min to obtain acid-treated ceramic;
(3) primary calcination: heating the acid-treated ceramic to 270-290 ℃ at the speed of 3-4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-15 min, continuously heating to 530-570 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, and obtaining primary calcined ceramic;
(4) alkali treatment: when the temperature of the primary calcined ceramic is reduced to 80-100 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 1.2-1.6 times of the weight of the waste ceramic powder, keeping the temperature and standing for 3-4 hours to obtain alkali-treated ceramic;
(5) freezing: cooling the alkali-treated ceramic to-54 to-52 ℃ at the speed of 2-3 ℃/min, standing and freezing for 20-24 hours to obtain frozen ceramic;
(6) secondary calcination: heating the frozen ceramic to 670-710 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, heating to 1120-1240 ℃ at a speed of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-40 min, and ball-milling to 400-500 meshes to obtain regenerated waste ceramic;
the volume fraction of the acetic acid solution in the step (2) is 6-8%;
and (3) the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (4) has a mass percentage concentration of 3-4%.
2. The recycled waste ceramic prepared by the recycling method of waste ceramic in claim 1.
3. The use of the recycled waste ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that it can be used for ceramic bodies, glazes and tires.
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| CN201811181628.0A CN109290341B (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | Method for recycling waste ceramic |
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| CN109290341B true CN109290341B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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| CN111517809B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2022-04-12 | 宜宾红星电子有限公司 | Method for preparing beryllium oxide ceramic powder from waste beryllium oxide ceramic |
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| CN104446042A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing recycled cement by using waste concrete |
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| CN108484111A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 德化县万盛陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of imitative iron porcelain |
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2018
- 2018-10-11 CN CN201811181628.0A patent/CN109290341B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06134438A (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-17 | Kanagawa Pref Gov | Method for treating waste asbestos material and manufacture of ceramic product using the same |
| CN104018017A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-09-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for recovering and regenerating waste old Ti(C,N)-based ceramet material |
| CN104446042A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing recycled cement by using waste concrete |
| CN108484111A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 德化县万盛陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of imitative iron porcelain |
| CN106396643A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-15 | 长沙市西欧电子科技有限公司 | Method for recycling and reusing aluminum oxide ceramic waste |
| CN107325616A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-07 | 含山县金石建筑材料有限公司 | A kind of renovation process of waste and old inner wall putty |
| CN107611396A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-19 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | A kind of quisqueite base/graphene composite material and its preparation method and application |
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Effective date of registration: 20200324 Address after: Xun Zhen Peng Xiang Industrial Zone of Dehua County of Quanzhou City, Fujian province 362500 Dragon Applicant after: Fujian Province Dehua County Modern Ceramic Co.,Ltd. Address before: 238100 Anhui city of Ma'anshan province Hanshan County Qingxi Town Industrial Park Applicant before: ANHUI DEBANG PORCELAIN INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. |
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