CN109285745A - A kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode - Google Patents
A kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode Download PDFInfo
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- CN109285745A CN109285745A CN201710636022.0A CN201710636022A CN109285745A CN 109285745 A CN109285745 A CN 109285745A CN 201710636022 A CN201710636022 A CN 201710636022A CN 109285745 A CN109285745 A CN 109285745A
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- heating wire
- cathode
- gun
- anode
- electronics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/06—Electron or ion guns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/06—Electron or ion guns
- H01J23/075—Magnetron injection guns
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- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention, which belongs to match with vacuum gyrotron, applies double anode magnetic control electron gun, including electronics gun housing body and pedestal, containing heating wire, heating wire component including heating wire sleeve and insulation filler with ring gauges section, thread segment and guide surface, the support tube with slidingtype positioning sleeve heating wire component being fixed in electronics gun housing body, between heating wire sleeve and its support tube containing the regulating mechanism assembly including adjusting nut, gun cathode and fixed ring flat-plate, the first anode and fixed ring, second plate；The invention can adjust the distance between cathode and anode according to working condition, and it is discrete less than 1.5% that the transverse and longitudinal speed ratio of gained electronics note is greater than 1.0, longitudinal velocity.Conditional electronic rifle is effectively overcome to influence because of rigging error and overheating deforming or because of electric current, the big bring of voltage change, with being suitable for wider operating current and voltage, the function admirable that the discreteness of speed is low, electronics is infused, and the features such as subsequent gyrotron infuses wave interaction power and efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the double anode magnetic control electronics in High-Power Microwave, millimeter wave, submillimeter wave technical field, rifle is special
It is a kind of and matched Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode of vacuum gyrotron.
Background technique
Gyrotron, which is the sixties in last century, utilizes this mechanism of electron cyclotron resonance stimulated radiation by former Soviet Union scientist
Make and first electronic cyclotron maser device given priority to, since gyrotron involves submillimeter wave frequency range in millimeter
The excellent performance showed is millimeter wave, submillimeter wave in radar and guidance system, electronic warfare, millimetre-wave attenuator, Gao Gong
The application in the fields such as rate microwave system, controlled thermonuclear fusion plays very big impetus, therefore has obtained countries in the world
Pay attention to, and has successively carried out the theory and application study of gyrotron.Gyrotron is by electronics movement in a vacuum by electronics
Entrained direct current energy is converted into the device of microwave energy.Electron gun generate electronics note, electronics note in high-frequency structure with height
DC energy is converted to high-frequency energy by frequency field interactions.In convolution tube device, due to the note wave interaction of interaction region
Occur between electromagnetic wave transverse electric field and electronics note transverse energy, while entire pipe requires electron gun generation high current close
Degree, laminarity it is good electronics note, therefore, how to generate high transverse and longitudinal speed ratio, the circulating beam of lower speed dispersion just at
For the important performance for the tube device that circles round.Currently used for the electron gun of gyrotron, most of is all magnetic control note electron gun.Magnetic control injection
The main operational principle of rifle (MIG) is: the hollow beam that the ring cathode under temperature limiting generates is in tilting electric field and indulges
To under the collective effect in magnetic field, an initial circumnutation is generated.The transverse energy of this when, electronics are smaller, pass through
The transition region that one section of longitudinal magnetic field slowly rises, in adiabatic compression, the current density of circulating beam increases, electronics note
Radius reduces, and transverse energy gradually increases.Electronics note in electron synchrotron when have longitudinal velocity and lateral velocity, when electronics
When the ratio between lateral velocity and longitudinal velocity reach requirement, into note wave interaction region, with electromagnetic wave positive energy exchange.Since electronics is infused
Quality to gyrotron note wave interaction efficiency influence it is very big, in order to obtain better interaction efficiency, it is desirable that electronics note
Speed dispersion is small as far as possible.And a principal element for influencing magnetic injection gun speed dispersion is between anode and cathode
Relative position, if there is deviation, speed dispersion between cathode and the relative position and design position of anode in production and use
It can significantly increase.
The structure (such as Fig. 1) of conventional double anode magnetic control electron gun includes: electronics gun housing body and its pedestal, containing heating wire and its
Heating wire component including lead-out wire, heating wire sleeve and its insulation filler and heating wire sleeve is fixed on electronics gun housing
The intracorporal support tube with fixing sleeve containing the cathode including preceding formation pole, emission of cathode ring, rear formation pole and its fixes ring flat-plate,
Set on cathode and the first anode on cathode and its fixed ring are covered in, is anchored on the second plate of housing forward end.The electronics
The rear portion of support tube in rifle is anchored in centre hole of base, heating wire component is fixed in electronics gun housing body by its support tube
Axis on, gun cathode then fixes ring flat-plate by it and is anchored on heating wire barrel forward end, electron gun first anode insertion electricity
It is fixed in shell in sub- gun housing body front inner wall and after covering on cathode, by the way that its fixed ring and shell ends are tight-lipped, second plate
It is anchored on the front port of shell by its rear end.Patent No. 200810114538.X, entitled " inhibition gyrotron is put
The method of big device oscillation of binode magnetic injection gun region " belong to such double anode magnetic control electron gun, such electron gun
Cathode by its support tube and electron gun it is integrally welded, other each components are also relatively-stationary, therefore in electron gun
Once there is deviation, can not adjust in the cathode of electron gun and the relative position of anode during manufacture and assembly, and are working
In the process because each component uneven heating it is even caused by thermal deformation or because operating current and voltage change are excessive, cause cathode and anode
Relative position changes, and will lead to the discrete increase of electronics initial velocity when cathode surface electric field changes, electron gun works, makes back
Coil infuses the generation of the disadvantages such as wave interaction efficiency reduction.Thus, such electron gun there are velocity spread is big, be difficult to meet and use
Requirement of the middle speed dispersion less than 3%, gyrotron infuse the defects such as wave interaction efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for defect existing for background technique, a kind of adjustable double anode magnetic control of cathode of Curve guide impeller
Electron gun, the electron gun can adjust the relative position of cathode and anode according to working condition, and longitudinal speed when electron gun work is effectively reduced
Discreteness is spent, to obtain the electronics note of function admirable, improve the purpose of power and efficiency of subsequent gyrotron note wave interaction.
Solution of the invention is to change heating wire component together with the section yin for being located at its front end in basis of background technology
For can be moved along electron gun axis adjustable cathode, to overcome background technique to bring using fixed cathode the drawbacks of.In order to
Ensure the Stability and veracity that cathode is adjusted, the present invention extends to the rear end of heating wire component outside pedestal and in electric heating silk braid
A ring gauges section and a thread segment are added on the outer ring surface at cylinder rear portion, are ensured in the middle front part setting of heating wire sleeve outer ring surface
The guide surface that it is moved axially is added between heating wire sleeve rear threads Duan Yuqi support tube with preventing its rotation
One adjusting nut, the axial displacement to adjust heating wire component and the cathode positioned at its front end, in order to ensure transposition section mistake in place
Heating wire component and cathode do not rotate, the fixing sleeve that two inner ring surfaces in former support tube are cylindrical surface is changed to band leads in journey
To the slideable positioning sleeve of plane being axially movable, cooperate with the guide surface on heating wire sleeve to realize its displacement
Adjust, in order to after secured adjusted position, between adjusting nut and heating wire sleeve also add a locking nut, to ensure to adjust
The stabilization of cathode site after section；The present invention realizes its goal of the invention with this.Therefore, the adjustable double anode magnetic control of cathode of the present invention
Electron gun includes electronics gun housing body and its pedestal, containing the heating wire group including heating wire, heating wire sleeve and its insulation filler
Part and heating wire component is fixed on the support tube with positioning sleeve in electronics gun housing body, contains preceding formation pole, cathode loop (electronics
Emit ring), the rear gun cathode and its fixed ring flat-plate formed including pole, set on cathode and cover in the first sun on cathode
Pole and its fixed ring are anchored on the second plate of housing forward end；Key is that the rear end of the heating wire component extends to pedestal
A ring gauges section and a thread segment are added outside and successively on the outer ring surface at heating wire sleeve rear portion while in outer ring surface
Front setting is only capable of the guide surface of axial movement, while adding one between heating wire sleeve rear threads Duan Yuqi support tube
Adjusting nut with rotating handle He (axial direction) limiting slot, the positioning sleeve in support tube are then being axially movable with guide surface
Slidingtype positioning sleeve；Support tube with positioning sleeve is anchored in centre hole of base yet by the rear part, with axial limiting slot
Adjusting nut is embedded in after limiting slot by snap ring and is fixed with pedestal in turnable, after heating wire component then passes through heating wire sleeve
The screw thread in portion connect with adjusting nut, is equipped in the cylinder and support tube of guide surface and is determined by sleeve middle front part outer ring surface
Position covers slideable connection, and gun cathode is fixed ring flat-plate by it and is fastenedly connected with heating wire barrel forward end face, the first anode
It is fixed in shell by its fixed ring and housing forward end mouth, second plate is tightened to one by its rear end and housing forward end sealing
Body.The connection of remaining anode and electronics gun housing body, electronics gun housing body and pedestal grade is identical as background technique.
Cathode site after setting up in order to prevent changes and facilitates reading, between adjusting nut and heating wire sleeve
It is additionally provided with the locking nut that an outer end face is located in ring gauges section.The middle front part setting in heating wire sleeve outer ring surface is true
Protect its guide surface for being only capable of axial movement, the number of guide surface 1 or 2 arranged symmetrically.Heating wire sleeve rear portion
Screw thread and adjusting nut be fine thread.
The present invention is due to extending to the rear end of heating wire component outside pedestal and in electric heating silk braid in basis of background technology
A ring gauges section and a thread segment are added on the outer ring surface at cylinder rear portion, are arranged really on the middle front part of heating wire sleeve outer ring surface
Protect in the guide surface and support tube of its axial movement two with guide surface can slideable positioning sleeve cooperate to prevent it
It rotates, while adding an adjusting nut between heating wire sleeve rear threads Duan Yuqi support tube, to adjust heating wire component
And the axial displacement of the cathode positioned at its front end；The present invention can be adjusted according to field strength distribution situation when work along electrode centers axis
The distance between cathode and anode make cathode be in optimal emission state to obtain the electronics of function admirable note, institute of the present invention
The transverse and longitudinal speed ratio for obtaining electronics note is discrete less than 1.5% greater than 1.0, longitudinal velocity, can effectively reduce because electron gun equips error
And thermal deformation bring influences, becomes larger to the redundancy of operating current and voltage, and the conformability of electron gun and steady can be improved
It is qualitative.Thus the present invention, which has, can effectively overcome electron gun because rigging error and overheating deforming bring influence, and improve electronics
The conformability and stability of rifle, are suitable for larger range of operating current and voltage, electronics when electron gun work is effectively reduced
The discreteness of initial velocity, the electronics note for obtaining function admirable, the raising for infusing wave interaction efficiency for gyrotron provide reliable guarantor
The features such as card.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the fixed double anode magnetic control electron gun structure schematic diagram (section) of background technique cathode；
Fig. 2 is Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode structural schematic diagram (section) of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is for the specific embodiment of the invention under conditions of tri- kinds of different emission currents of 10A, 12A and 14A, with cathode
Axial position changes its electronics note longitudinal velocity discrete state curve synoptic diagram (coordinate diagram).
In figure: 1. second plates, 2. first anode, 2-1. anode fixed ring, 3. shells, 4. regulating mechanism assemblies, 4-
1. fastening screw, 4-2. axially position plate, 4-3. adjusting nut, 4-4. locking nut, 5. heating wire components, 5-1. electric heating silk braid
Cylinder, 5-2. heating wire, 5-3. dielectric, 5-4. scale section, 5-5. (axial movement) adjust screw thread, 5-6. guide surface, 6.
Pedestal, 7-1. rear support cylinder, 7-1.1,7-2.1: positioning sleeve, 7-2. front support cylinder, 8. cathodes, 8-1. cathode branch pushing out ring, 8-2.
Pole is formed before forming pole, 8-3. emission of cathode band, 8-4. afterwards.
Specific embodiment
Present embodiment: electron gun overall length 283mm, second plate 1, the long 105mm of axis, rear portion outer diameter Φ 68mm, rear portion
Internal diameter Φ 26mm, former minister 86mm, 11 ° of forward lumen taper；The first anode 2., the long 26mm of axis, rear portion outer diameter Φ 57mm, after
It is 60 ° that portion internal diameter Φ 48mm, rear portion, which (cover on cathode) conical ring face inclination angle,；3. outer diameter Φ 68mm of shell, long 150mm, wall thickness
5.5mm；In regulating mechanism assembly 4: adjusting nut 4-3 axially high 26mm, screw thread be also G10 closely-pitched pipe screw thread, axis thereon
Diameter of phi 22mm, rear end rotating handle to limit groove width 3mm, groover rot diameter Φ 17.26mm, front end and rear support cylinder 6-1 cooperation
Axially high 12mm, inner hole are also the closely-pitched pipe screw thread of G10, nut outer end face by diameter of phi 19mm (cylinder annular knurl), locking nut 4-4
And polishing vertical with shaft core line as the vernier for reading scale label value to use simultaneously；In heating wire component 5: heating wire sleeve 5-1
Long 152mm, outer diameter Φ 10mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, 54 outer diameter Φ 9.0mm (wall thickness 0.5mm) of scale section, axial long 10mm, are adjusted thereon
Section screw thread 5-5 also uses the closely-pitched pipe screw thread of G10, screw thread segment length 45mm, and guide surface 5-6 present embodiment is in thread segment front
Sleeve outer surface 2 arc cylinders that symmetrically mill bends a height of 0.2mm above and below form；0.5 Ω of heating wire 5-2 resistance value, power are
50W；6. outer diameter Φ 102mm of pedestal, thickness 15mm, center-hole diameter Φ 27mm；It is back and front supporting cylinder 7-1,7-2 overall length 121mm, outer
Diameter Φ 27mm, thickness 2.5mm, the centre bore of the rear portion insertion pedestal 3 of front support cylinder 7-2 long 65mm, rear support cylinder 7-1 are simultaneously tightened to
One, the inner hole of two positioning sleeve 7-1.1,7-2.1 are class identical with the cross section of guide surface (5-6) section on heating wire sleeve
The axial long 11mm in elliptical aperture, each hole, the two is with being combined into H7/h6；8 bottom outer diameter Φ 26mm of cathode, wall thickness 2mm, cone-apex angle are
90 °, the conulite of a height of 11.6mm of cone, wherein forming pole 8-2 afterwards, axially high 3.2mm, emission of cathode band 8-3 are axial high
Axially high 4.0mm, entire cathode taps are tight by the front end cathode branch pushing out ring 8-1 and heating wire sleeve 5-1 by 4.4mm, preceding formation pole 8-4
Gu integrally welded and moved with the movement of heating wire sleeve 5-1；Remaining first anode 2 and anode-supported ring 2-1 and shell 3
Between, between shell 3 and pedestal 6, connection it is identical as background technique.
Present embodiment is 37kV when first anode voltage, and second plate voltage is 70kV, and emission of cathode is with angle to be
45 °, anode inclination angle is 30 °, and heater resistance is 0.5 ohm, and power is 50 watts, current density 10A/cm2, emission current is
12A, the magnetic field of interaction region are 1.2T, and magnetic compression ratio is 8, and the transverse and longitudinal speed ratio of gained electronics note is 1.02, longitudinal velocity from
Dissipate the high-performance electronic note for 1.0%；200kW is reached through interaction power with gyrotron cooperation, this electronics note, efficiency reaches
30%, it has been improved the power and efficiency of gyrotron.
Attached drawing 3 is under conditions of tri- kinds of different emission currents of 10A, 12A and 14A with its electronics of cathode axial direction change in location
Longitudinal velocity discrete state curve synoptic diagram is infused, negative (-) in figure on abscissa number indicates cathode being transferred from anode, can from figure
Find out under conditions of three kinds of different emission currents, by the adjusting to cathode axial position, it is discrete to can get longitudinal velocity
The electronics of the discrete function admirable less than 1.5% of longitudinal velocity is infused.Thus electron gun of the present invention is adapted to larger range of work
Make voltage and current and meets the variation of the intrinsic standoff ratio of the first anode and second plate.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode, including electronics gun housing body and its pedestal contain heating wire, electric heating silk braid
Cylinder and its insulation filler including heating wire component and by heating wire component be fixed in electronics gun housing body band positioning sleeve
Support tube be set to cathode containing preceding formation pole, cathode loop, the rear gun cathode and its fixed ring flat-plate formed including pole
And the first anode on cathode and its fixed ring are covered in, it is anchored on the second plate of housing forward end；It is characterized in that the electric heating
The rear end of silk component extends to outside pedestal and successively adds a ring gauges section and one on the outer ring surface at heating wire sleeve rear portion
Thread segment, the guide surface for being only capable of axial movement in the middle front part setting of outer ring surface simultaneously, while in heating wire sleeve rear portion spiral shell
An adjusting nut with rotating handle and limiting slot is added between line Duan Yuqi support tube, the positioning sleeve in support tube is then led for band
To the slidingtype positioning sleeve of plane being axially movable；Support tube with positioning sleeve is anchored on centre hole of base yet by the rear part
Interior, the adjusting nut with axial limiting slot is embedded in after limiting slot with pedestal by snap ring in turnable fixed, heating wire component
It is then connect by the screw thread at heating wire sleeve rear portion with adjusting nut, guide surface is equipped with by sleeve middle front part outer ring surface
The slideable connection of positioning sleeve in cylinder and support tube, gun cathode fix ring flat-plate and heating wire barrel forward end face by it
It is fastenedly connected, the first anode is fixed in shell by its fixed ring and housing forward end mouth, and second plate passes through its rear end and shell
Body forward end seal is fastened together.The connection of remaining anode and electronics gun housing body, electronics gun housing body and pedestal grade is and background
Technology is identical.
2. by Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the yin after setting up in order to prevent
Pole position changes and facilitates reading, and an outer end face is additionally provided between adjusting nut and heating wire sleeve and is located at ring gauges
Locking nut in section.
3. by Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described outside heating wire sleeve
The middle front part setting of anchor ring is only capable of the guide surface of axial movement, and the number of guide surface is for 1 or 2 arranged symmetrically.
4. by Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode described in claim 1, it is characterised in that heating wire sleeve rear portion
Screw thread and adjusting nut be fine thread.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710636022.0A CN109285745A (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2017-07-19 | A kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710636022.0A CN109285745A (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2017-07-19 | A kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109285745A true CN109285745A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710636022.0A Pending CN109285745A (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2017-07-19 | A kind of Dual-anode magnetic control electronic gun with adjustable cathode |
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| CN (1) | CN109285745A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113357114A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main cathode assembly structure applied to thruster and assembly method thereof |
| CN114464512A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Emission device for emitting electrons, preparation method thereof and electron gun |
-
2017
- 2017-07-19 CN CN201710636022.0A patent/CN109285745A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113357114A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main cathode assembly structure applied to thruster and assembly method thereof |
| CN113357114B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-05-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main cathode assembly structure applied to thruster and assembly method thereof |
| CN114464512A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Emission device for emitting electrons, preparation method thereof and electron gun |
| CN114464512B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-08-01 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Emission device for emitting electrons, preparation method thereof and electron gun |
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Application publication date: 20190129 |