CN109280573B - Preparation method of liquid metal lubricant - Google Patents
Preparation method of liquid metal lubricant Download PDFInfo
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- CN109280573B CN109280573B CN201811295998.7A CN201811295998A CN109280573B CN 109280573 B CN109280573 B CN 109280573B CN 201811295998 A CN201811295998 A CN 201811295998A CN 109280573 B CN109280573 B CN 109280573B
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- liquid metal
- room temperature
- metal lubricant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a liquid metal lubricant, which comprises the steps of adding 0.2-1.0 mass percent of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, uniformly stirring, placing the alumina crucible into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, carrying out heat treatment at 300-500 ℃, cooling at room temperature after 1-1.5 h, and removing impurities to obtain the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant. The method has the advantages of simple required equipment, controllable process, low cost and batch production, and the prepared Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal has excellent lubricating property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of high-performance lubricant materials, in particular to a preparation method of a liquid metal lubricant.
Background
Friction is a permanent law in nature that consumes more than 1/3 of the world's disposable energy, resulting in 60% of the mechanical equipment moving parts failing or failing. It has long been found that the use of lubricants can effectively control friction and wear between moving parts of machines, and significantly reduce energy consumption. The use of machining cutting fluids is reported to reduce energy consumption by 17%, and in addition, the consultation of the research report on the current situation and development strategy of the science and engineering of tribology in the Chinese academy of engineering states that: the potential saving estimated by applying tribology knowledge in the industrial field of China is 1.5% of GDP. Therefore, the development of high-performance lubricant materials is the key to maintaining stable operation of machinery and prolonging the service life of the machinery, and has important significance and economic value for the development of high-end equipment manufacturing industry and national defense safety in China.
Currently, with the rapid development of weapons and high-end equipment in the fields of aerospace, nuclear energy and the like in China, the more severe service environment of a power transmission system of the high-end equipment puts higher requirements on a lubricant: the high-temperature-resistant high-performance heat stability; the volatility is low; and the bearing capacity is high. Based on the above, the traditional lubricating grease is difficult to meet the use requirements, and although the novel ionic liquid lubricant can meet the requirements, the corrosion of the ionic liquid to metal directly restricts the application prospect and range, and the temperature resistance of the ionic liquid is not more than 400 ℃. In recent years, the multifunctional gallium-based room temperature liquid metal has many unrecognized novel characteristics, and a brand-new industrial application technical system is being created, such as the multifunctional gallium-based room temperature liquid metal can be used as a flexible robot, a 3D liquid metal printer or for repairing nerves, and the multifunctional property of the multifunctional gallium-based room temperature liquid metal provides significant revelation and abundant research space for other scientific frontiers and technical fields. In the field of tribology, gallium-based liquid metal has the characteristics of no toxicity, high thermal conductivity, low vapor pressure, strong adhesion capacity, easy shearing and good flow, and meets all the characteristic requirements of green liquid lubricants.
The latest research shows that the gallium-based liquid metal has high bearing capacity and wide temperature range lubricating property, is an excellent lubricant and has important application prospect in the field of aerospace and nuclear energy. Such as Ga-In-Sn liquid metals, have excellent heat dissipation properties (ACS Applied Materials)&Interfaces 2017, 9, (6) 565638 and 5644) which can prevent the welding of the sliding interface under the condition of extremely high load; Ga-In-Sn liquid metal is subjected to AISI 52100/Si treatment at room temperature to 800 DEG C3N4The friction pair shows excellent lubricating and antifriction performance (Materials Letters 2015;215; 140-143), and the service temperature of the traditional lubricating grease is generally considered to be not more than 300 ℃; Ga-In-Sn liquid metals exhibit excellent load bearing characteristics (Tribology International 2019;219; 1-4) In AISI 52100/Si3N4When matched, the bearing capacity of the composite material is close to 1500N, which is much higher than that of the traditional grease and ionic liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a liquid metal lubricant with simple equipment and controllable process.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a liquid metal lubricant, comprising: adding 0.2-1.0 mass percent of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, uniformly stirring, placing the alumina crucible into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, performing heat treatment at 300-500 ℃, cooling at room temperature after 1-1.5 h, and removing impurities to obtain the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant.
The oxygen-free environment refers to a glove box in an argon environment atmosphere, and the oxygen content of the glove box is less than or equal to 10 PPM.
The Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal is obtained by firstly putting bulk gallium into hot water to melt, then adding indium wires and tin wires into the melted gallium metal, stirring under the condition of 200 ℃ oil bath, and cooling at room temperature after 1-1.5 h; the weight percentage of Ga, In and Sn is 65%: 22%: 13 percent.
The purity of the bulk gallium is 99.99%.
The purities of the indium wire and the tin wire are both 99%, and the diameters of the indium wire and the tin wire are both 1 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention obtains a novel Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal by using an element alloying method, and further improves the lubricating property of the gallium-based room-temperature liquid metal.
2. The Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal prepared by the invention is tested to have the lubricating property superior to that of the Ga-In-Sn liquid metal, and has smaller material abrasion and important application prospect.
And (3) characterizing the lubricating properties of the Ga-In-Sn and the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal by using an HT-1000 friction wear testing machine. The friction conditions were 316L steel-316L steel, speed 0.188 m/s, load 10N. Characterizing a wear volume of the material with a three-dimensional profilometer; the wear profile of the 316L steel was characterized using a scanning electron microscope.
The test results show that the aluminum element is basically uniformly distributed (see figure 1); the wear rate of 316L steel in the aluminum-gallium-based liquid metal medium environment is reduced by one time compared with that in the aluminum-free medium environment, and the friction coefficient is lower (see figure 2); the worn surface of 316L steel in the environment of the aluminum-gallium-based liquid metal medium is less shallow in furrow (see figure 3).
3. The method has the advantages of simple required equipment, controllable process, low cost and batch production.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the element surface of Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal prepared In example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the friction coefficient and wear rate of Ga-In-Sn-Al and Ga-In-Sn liquid metal medium prepared In example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the wear profile of the surface of the Ga-In-Sn-Al and Ga-In-Sn liquid metal medium prepared In example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1 a method for preparing a liquid metal lubricant, adding 0.02g of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing 9.98g of Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, stirring uniformly, placing the alumina crucible In a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating, keeping the temperature at 350 ℃ for 1h to further uniformly diffuse the aluminum powder In the liquid alloy, cooling at room temperature and removing impurities on the upper layer of the liquid, thus obtaining the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant.
Embodiment 2A method for preparing a liquid metal lubricant comprises the steps of adding 0.1g of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing 9.9g of Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, uniformly stirring, placing the alumina crucible In a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating, preserving heat for 1.5 hours at 500 ℃ to further uniformly diffuse the aluminum powder In a liquid alloy, cooling at room temperature, and removing impurities on the upper layer of the liquid to obtain the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant.
Embodiment 3A method for preparing a liquid metal lubricant comprises the steps of adding 0.06g of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing 9.94g of Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, stirring uniformly, placing the alumina crucible In a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating, keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 1.2h to further uniformly diffuse the aluminum powder In a liquid alloy, cooling at room temperature, and removing impurities on the upper layer of the liquid to obtain the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant.
In the above examples 1 to 3, the oxygen-free environment refers to a glove box in an argon atmosphere, and the oxygen content is less than or equal to 10 PPM.
The Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal means that firstly, bulk gallium with the purity of 99.99 percent is placed In hot water to be melted, then indium wires and tin wires are added into the melted gallium metal, the mixture is stirred under the condition of 200 ℃ oil bath, and after 1-1.5 hours, the mixture is cooled at room temperature, and silvery white Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal is obtained. Ga. The weight percentage of In and Sn (unit: g) is 65%: 22%: 13 percent.
The purity of the indium wire and the tin wire is 99 percent, the diameter of the indium wire and the tin wire is 1mm, and the indium wire and the tin wire are cut into short wires with the length of 1 cm.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a liquid metal lubricant, characterized by: adding 0.2-1.0 mass percent of aluminum powder into an alumina crucible containing Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal In an oxygen-free environment, uniformly stirring, placing the alumina crucible into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, carrying out heat treatment at 300-500 ℃, cooling and removing impurities at room temperature after 1-1.5 h to obtain the Ga-In-Sn-Al liquid metal lubricant, wherein the Ga-In-Sn room temperature liquid metal is obtained by firstly placing bulk gallium into hot water for melting, then adding indium wires and tin wires into the melted gallium metal, stirring under the condition of 200 ℃ oil bath, and cooling at room temperature after 1-1.5 h; the weight percentage of Ga, In and Sn is 65%: 22%: 13 percent.
2. The method of preparing a liquid metal lubricant according to claim 1, wherein: the oxygen-free environment refers to a glove box in an argon environment atmosphere, and the oxygen content of the glove box is less than or equal to 10 PPM.
3. The method of preparing a liquid metal lubricant according to claim 1, wherein: the purity of the bulk gallium is 99.99%.
4. The method of preparing a liquid metal lubricant according to claim 1, wherein: the purities of the indium wire and the tin wire are both 99%, and the diameters of the indium wire and the tin wire are both 1 mm.
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| CN112190766A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Joint lubricating liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN111040822B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-12-07 | 西安工业大学 | Preparation method of nano-silver wire reinforced Ga-In liquid metal lubricant |
| CN114621802B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-03-24 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Gallium-based liquid metal high-temperature lubricant and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104032199B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-04-20 | 北京依米康科技发展有限公司 | A kind of low melting point liquid metal and its preparation method and application |
| CN105062613A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-18 | 清华大学 | Lubricant as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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