CN109280405B - 一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109280405B
CN109280405B CN201810928467.0A CN201810928467A CN109280405B CN 109280405 B CN109280405 B CN 109280405B CN 201810928467 A CN201810928467 A CN 201810928467A CN 109280405 B CN109280405 B CN 109280405B
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张云
付前刚
史小红
李贺军
周敏玉
张云芳
徐鹭鹭
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Yangzhou Tengfei Electric Cable And Appliance Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高阻燃耐火包带，其使用无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体制备而成。本发明运用纳米带增韧陶瓷涂层技术制备独特的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，工艺运用独特的Si‑Mo‑Cr抗氧化涂层工艺、功能复合纤维添加‑锚固技术、热喷涂发泡涂覆制备技术、智能恒压真空烘干等工艺技术，把前驱体涂覆于功能复合纤维表面，最终制得。所述无卤型高阻燃耐火包带同时具备阻燃、耐火、抗老化、环保等多项性能，应用广泛。

Description

一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法，属于电缆制造材料领域。
背景技术
阻燃耐火包带，能在火焰直接燃烧下能保持电缆的绝缘性，用于制作耐火电线电缆的耐火绝缘层。
目前在该领域国内同类产品性能参差不齐，国外其他厂家也没有同时具备无卤型高阻燃耐火包带多性能缆芯包带材料,如美国杜邦、日本东丽公司单一的阻燃、耐火缆芯包带，性能虽然优越，但不同时具备阻燃、耐火、抗老化等多项性能，也难以满足中国领跑世界的核电、高铁等线缆的长寿命要求。
发明内容
为了解决以上现有技术中的问题，本发明提供了一种高阻燃耐火包带，它攻克了国内同类产品抗氧化及抗老化性能差、使用寿命短、氧指数低、卤素高、不具备良好的阻燃耐火双重性能的难题，提高了我国制造高性能缆芯包带材料的自主研发能力，且能更好满足核电、高铁机车、航空航天、新能源等线缆制造技术要求。
本发明运用独创纳米带增韧陶瓷涂层技术制备独特的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，工艺运用独特的Si-Mo-Cr抗氧化涂层工艺、功能复合纤维添加-锚固技术、热喷涂发泡涂覆制备技术、智能恒压真空烘干等工艺技术，把前驱体涂覆于功能复合纤维表面，最终制成无卤型高阻燃耐火包带材料。
具体地，本发明提供了一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法。
一方面，本发明提供了一种无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，由纳米带增韧陶瓷粉体、硅胶、锑类阻燃剂、BPO固化剂、MF甲醛缩合物分散剂、乙酯组成。进一步地，其中各物质的重量百分比为：
纳米带增韧陶瓷粉体35％
Figure BDA0001765944690000021
另一方面，本发明提供了一种高温阻燃耐火包带，外层为所述的无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体(1)，中间层为功能复合纤维(2)，见图1。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种利用无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体制备高温阻燃耐火包带的方法，其特征在于，所述方法的步骤为：
(1)选用线密度为50-150dtex的涤纶纱为经纱，选用45支双股或21-33支单股纱的中碱或无碱玻纤纱为纬纱；
(2)进行纤维界面锚固技术处理，选用TiO2无机纳米粒子对经纱和纬纱的纤维表面有机化修饰，拉伸强度≥200N/2.5cm，在180次/分高频摆动10分钟后测试表面脱粉率＜0.5％；
(3)选用锚固好的涤纶纤维做经纱，密度30-40根/cm，选用锚固好的玻纤纱做纬纱，密度10-16根/cm，采用高速喷水织机制成宽幅1.5-2.1米匹布，匹布克重80-120g/m2；
(4)把匹布两面浸渍于Si-Mo-Cr液体，进行Si-Mo-Cr抗氧化涂层；
(5)利用发泡喷涂技术，将表面抗氧化层已处理好的匹布进行权利要求1中所述的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体的涂覆，涂覆后前驱体表面固含量300g/m2，固化后表面厚度达1.5-1.8mm；
(6)在150-180℃烘干，最后收卷分切而成。
进一步地，所述Si-Mo-Cr液体的体积比为：
Si-Mo-Cr 15％；
乙酯 80％；
交联剂甲醛 5％。
另一方面，本发明提供了采用所述的方法制备得到的高温阻燃耐火包带。
另一方面，本发明提供了所述的高温阻燃耐火包带在电缆制造业中的应用。
本发明技术效果：
1.本发明采用独创带增韧陶瓷涂层技术制备的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，优化带增韧陶瓷涂层粉体颗粒制备和聚合凝胶工艺，使陶瓷涂层粉体在前驱体中含量≥30％，颗粒尺寸在400-800目，断裂伸长变化率≤50％，950℃4h表面不开裂。运用智能发泡工艺，使气泡粒径≤0.15mm，分散均匀度≥92％；优化真空烘干设备的工艺，涂覆后前驱体表面固含量300g/m2，误差±5g/m2，固化后表面厚度达1.5-1.8mm,节能降耗达30％以上。
2.本发明采用运用独创纳米带增韧陶瓷涂层技术制备独特的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，工艺运用独特的Si-Mo-Cr抗氧化涂层工艺、功能复合纤维添加-锚固技术、热喷涂发泡涂覆制备技术、智能恒压真空烘干等工艺技术，把前驱体涂覆于功能复合纤维表面，最终制成无卤型高阻燃耐火包带材料。
附图说明
图1高阻燃耐火包带结构图其中1为无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，2为功能复合纤维。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。应理解，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体的制备
一种无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，由纳米带增韧陶瓷粉体、硅胶、锑类阻燃剂、BPO固化剂、MF甲醛缩合物分散剂、乙酯组成。进一步地，其中各物质的重量百分比为：
Figure BDA0001765944690000031
优化带增韧陶瓷涂层粉体颗粒制备和聚合凝胶工艺，使陶瓷涂层粉体在前驱体中含量≥30％，颗粒尺寸在400-800目，断裂伸长变化率≤50％，950℃4h表面不开裂。运用智能发泡工艺，使气泡粒径≤0.15mm，分散均匀度≥92％；优化真空烘干设备的工艺，涂覆后前驱体表面固含量300g/m2，误差±5g/m2，固化后表面厚度达1.5-1.8mm,节能降耗达30％以上。
实施例2高阻燃耐火包带的制备方法
(1)选用线密度为50-150dtex的涤纶纱为经纱，选用45支双股或21-33支单股纱的中碱或无碱玻纤纱为纬纱；
(2)进行纤维界面锚固技术处理，选用TiO2无机纳米粒子对经纱和纬纱的纤维表面有机化修饰，拉伸强度≥200N/2.5cm，在180次/分高频摆动10分钟后测试表面脱粉率＜0.5％；
(3)选用锚固好的涤纶纤维做经纱，密度30-40根/cm，选用锚固好的玻纤纱做纬纱，密度10-16根/cm，采用高速喷水织机制成宽幅1.5-2.1米匹布，匹布克重80-120g/m2；
(4)把匹布两面浸渍于Si-Mo-Cr液体，进行Si-Mo-Cr抗氧化涂层；
(5)利用发泡喷涂技术，将表面抗氧化层已处理好的匹布进行权利要求1中所述的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体的涂覆，涂覆后前驱体表面固含量300g/m2，固化后表面厚度达1.5-1.8mm；
(6)在150-180℃烘干，最后收卷分切而成。
对比例1
本发明提供的高阻燃耐火包带与现有技术中已有的耐火包带相比，具有以下优点：
Figure BDA0001765944690000041
Figure BDA0001765944690000051
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，其特征在于，由纳米带增韧陶瓷粉体、硅胶、锑类阻燃剂、BPO固化剂、MF甲醛缩合物分散剂、乙酯组成，其中各物质的重量百分比为：
Figure FDA0002610117700000011
2.一种高温阻燃耐火包带，其特征在于，外层为权利要求1所述的无卤阻燃耐火涂层前驱体，中间层为功能复合纤维。
3.一种权利要求2所述的高温阻燃耐火包带的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法的步骤为：
(1)选用线密度为50-150dtex的涤纶纱为经纱，选用45支双股或21-33支单股纱的中碱或无碱玻纤纱为纬纱；
(2)进行纤维界面锚固技术处理，选用TiO2无机纳米粒子对经纱和纬纱的纤维表面有机化修饰，拉伸强度≥200N/2.5cm，在180次/分高频摆动10分钟后测试表面脱粉率＜0.5％；
(3)选用锚固好的涤纶纤维做经纱，密度30-40根/cm，选用锚固好的玻纤纱做纬纱，密度10-16根/cm，采用高速喷水织机制成宽幅1.5-2.1米匹布，匹布克重80-120g/m2；
(4)把匹布两面浸渍于Si-Mo-Cr液体，进行Si-Mo-Cr抗氧化涂层；
(5)利用发泡喷涂技术，将表面抗氧化层已处理好的匹布进行权利要求1中所述的阻燃耐火涂层前驱体的涂覆，涂覆后前驱体表面固含量300g/m2，固化后表面厚度达1.5-1.8mm；
(6)在150-180℃烘干，最后收卷分切而成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述Si-Mo-Cr液体的组成及体积比为：
Si-Mo-Cr 15％；
乙酯 80％；
交联剂甲醛 5％。
5.权利要求3-4任一项所述的方法制备得到的高温阻燃耐火包带。
6.权利要求5所述的高温阻燃耐火包带在电缆制造业中的应用。
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