CN109277124A - Energy-saving civil engineering extrusion equipment, building waste processing system and method - Google Patents
Energy-saving civil engineering extrusion equipment, building waste processing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109277124A CN109277124A CN201811136762.9A CN201811136762A CN109277124A CN 109277124 A CN109277124 A CN 109277124A CN 201811136762 A CN201811136762 A CN 201811136762A CN 109277124 A CN109277124 A CN 109277124A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/005—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members hydraulically or pneumatically operated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/14—Stamping mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of civil engineering extrusion equipment building waste processing systems and method, belong to Construction of Civil Engineering field；It is mainly used for crushing building waste (such as hollow brick brick) as graininess in order to reusing.Above-mentioned extrusion equipment mainly includes pushing plate, fixed plate and hydraulic system, and building waste is put between pushing plate and fixed plate, and hydraulic system driving pushing plate squeezes building waste.In use, the building waste after being broken is put into extrusion equipment；Start hydraulic system, pushing plate extruding building waste further squeezes it broken.It is smaller by above-mentioned crushing plant and its most of granularity of the building waste of extrusion equipment processing, then sieved.The building waste granularity for vibrating lower part of screen is smaller so as to being reused.Above equipment, system and method can effectively save construction material.Also, whole system is higher to the utilization rate of the energy, has saved the energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of civil engineering, are built in particular to a kind of energy-saving civil engineering with extrusion equipment
Refuse disposal system and method.
Background technique
Building waste may be generated during Construction of Civil Engineering, such as in structure demolition, often generate compared with
More hollow brick bricks.These rubbish, which are directly abandoned or buried, can occupy a large amount of land resource.If above-mentioned building waste can quilt
Recycling, this has not only saved a large amount of land resource, moreover it is possible to turn waste into wealth, save other construction materials.But it is block-like
Building waste is difficult to be used directly；It is needing to be crushed before；In order to remake hollow brick or other
Construction material.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of extrusion equipment, above-mentioned extrusion equipment can effectively by blocky building waste into
Row crushes.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of building waste processing system, above-mentioned processing system uses above-mentioned squeeze
Press equipment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of building waste processing method, the above method uses above system.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
A kind of civil engineering extrusion equipment, comprising: rack, hydraulic system, fixed plate, pushing plate and bottom plate, the liquid
Pressure system includes hydraulic pump and promotion cylinder；The hydraulic pump is connected to the promotion cylinder, for providing pressure to the promotion cylinder
Oil；
The fixed plate is fixedly connected with the rack, and the bottom plate is detachably connected with the rack, the pushing plate
It is arranged with the fixed plate parallel interval, the fixed plate, pushing plate and the bottom plate, which are formed, squeezes space；The pushing plate with
The housing slide cooperation；It is described push cylinder cylinder body be fixedly connected with the rack, it is described promotion cylinder piston rod with it is described
Pushing plate connection, for drive the pushing plate relative to the fixed plate close to or far from.
Further,
It further include the side plate of two relative spacings setting, the side plate is connect with the fixed plate；
The side of the bottom plate is rotatably connected by connecting shaft and the fixed plate；It is set on the bottom plate or the side plate
It is equipped with electromagnet, when the electromagnet is powered, the bottom plate and the side plate are attracted.
Further,
It further include driving motor, the driving motor and the connecting shaft are sequentially connected；The connecting shaft and the bottom plate
It is fixedly connected.
Further,
The extrusion equipment further includes controller and pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged in fixed plate, is used
In the pressure for detecting the fixed plate or the pushing plate；
The hydraulic system further includes overflow valve, three-position four-way valve, 3-position 4-way proportioning valve and adjusts cylinder；The overflow valve
For regulating system output pressure；The P mouth of the three-position four-way valve is connected to the hydraulic pump, and T mouthfuls are connected to fuel tank, and A mouthfuls logical
It crosses oil inlet pipe and is connected to the rodless cavity of cylinder is pushed, B mouthfuls are connected to by oil return pipe with the rod chamber of cylinder is pushed；
Adjusting oil pipe is also connected on the oil return pipe, the P mouth and the adjusting oil pipe of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve connect
Logical, T mouthfuls are connected to fuel tank, and A mouthfuls are connected to the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder, and B mouthfuls are connected to the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder；The adjusting cylinder
When rodless cavity oil inlet, the piston rod for adjusting cylinder is moved along first direction；
The controller is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, and the pushing plate is moved towards the direction close to the fixed plate
When, the controller exports corresponding electric current and gives 3-position 4-way proportioning valve, and the spool of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is mobile, so that
The pressure oil adjusted in oil pipe enters the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder by 3-position 4-way proportioning valve；
When the pushing plate is moved towards the direction far from the fixed plate, the controller exports corresponding electric current to three
4-way proportional valve, the spool reverse movement of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve, so that the pressure oil adjusted in oil pipe passes through three four
Logical proportioning valve enters the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder；
The adjusting screw end of the overflow valve is provided with pressure adjustment gear, and the hydraulic pump is swash plate plunger pump,
The adjusting screw end of the hydraulic pump is provided with flow adjustment gear；The flow adjustment gear and the pressure adjustment gear
Between be provided with duplex rack gear；
The duplex rack gear is connect with the piston rod for adjusting cylinder, and including two rack gears, the back side of two toothed racks is solid
Fixed connection；One of rack gear is engaged with the pressure adjustment gear, another rack gear is engaged with the flow adjustment gear；
When the duplex rack gear is moved along first direction, the flow of the hydraulic pump reduces, and the cracking pressure of the overflow valve increases.
Further,
The hydraulic system further includes limiting device, for limiting the piston rod for adjusting cylinder along the position that first direction moves
It sets；The limiting device includes stroke valve, check valve and collision bar；The stroke valve is normally open valve, and is connected on described three
On the pipeline that the B mouth of 4-way proportional valve is connect with the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder, the check valve is in parallel with the stroke valve, institute
Stating check valve prevents pressure oil from flowing to the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder from the B mouth of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve；
The collision bar is connect with the piston rod for adjusting cylinder, and the valve body of the stroke valve is connect with the rack, institute
State the spool end that the stroke valve can be collided when collision bar is moved along first direction.
Further,
Compressed spring is provided in the sliding slot, pushing plate is in initial position, one end of compressed spring and the sliding block
It abuts, the other end is connect with the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connect with the fixed plate.
Due to the physical characteristic of building waste itself, the suffered pressure from building waste of pushing plate may be with promotion
The displacement of plate is not directly proportional；Also, when pushing plate retracts, since building waste will not restore to deform, what pressure sensor measured
Data may strongly reduce.After above-mentioned design, the pressure to fixed plate of the pushing plate of determination of pressure sensor with push away
The displacement of movable plate is directly proportional；Also, in back off procedure, pressure sensor still is able to the change in displacement with pushing plate and becomes
Change.In addition, pressure sensor and compressed spring are as in sliding slot, this makes the material fallen not pound compressed spring and pressure
Force snesor plays protective action.
A kind of civil engineering building waste processing system, including civil engineering extrusion equipment described in screening plant,
The lower section of the extrusion equipment is arranged in the screening plant；The screening plant includes vibrating screen.
Further,
The screening plant further includes vibrating motor, and the vibrating motor is for driving the shaker vibration.
A kind of civil engineering building waste processing method, using civil engineering building waste processing system
System；The following steps are included:
A. it squeezes；By blocky building waste put into extrusion equipment it is in heaps after, start the hydraulic system of extrusion equipment；It pushes away
Movable plate is squeezed towards close to the movement of the direction of fixed plate and by building waste towards fixed plate, and pressure sensor believes the pressure of pushing plate
Number pass to controller；
B. 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is adjusted；When pressure value is gradually increased, controller is powered to 3-position 4-way proportioning valve
So that spool acts, proportioning valve is to the rodless cavity fuel feeding for adjusting cylinder；Pressure value is bigger, and electric current is bigger, and the flow of proportioning valve is got over
Greatly；When pressure value is gradually reduced, controller controls the spool counteragent of proportioning valve, rod chamber of the proportioning valve to voltage regulation cylinder
Fuel feeding；When pressure value is constant, proportioning valve power loss, spool returns to middle position；
C. flow, pressure are adjusted；Pushing plate in extrusion process, adjusts cylinder and duplex rack gear is driven to move along first direction,
So that pushing plate in extrusion process, pushes the output pressure of cylinder to be gradually increased, flow is gradually reduced, and leads to the speed of pushing plate
It gradually decreases；When the collision bar on the piston rod for adjusting cylinder encounters stroke valve, cylinder stopping movement being adjusted, flow and pressure are kept
It is constant；
D. it sieves；Sheet reset will be pushed, floor will be opened；Building waste after extruding, which is fallen in screening plant, to be sieved.
Further,
After screening, the material on vibrating screen top is put into extrusion equipment again and is squeezed.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Civil engineering extrusion equipment, building waste processing system and the method obtained by above-mentioned design, in use, first
The building waste of bulk is tentatively broken using crushing plant, the building waste after being broken then is put into extrusion equipment
In.Start hydraulic system, pushing plate extruding building waste further squeezes it broken.At above-mentioned crushing plant and extrusion equipment
Its most of granularity of the building waste of reason is smaller, is then sieved.Vibrate lower part of screen building waste granularity it is smaller to
It may be repeated utilization.Above equipment, system and method can effectively save construction material, reduce building waste to soil
It occupies.Also, whole system is higher to the utilization rate of the energy, has saved the energy.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not to be seen as
It is the restriction to range, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other relevant attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of civil engineering extrusion equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is top view of the extrusion equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of extrusion equipment hydraulic system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
The part-structure enlarged drawing of extrusion equipment hydraulic system provided in an embodiment of the present invention when Fig. 4.
Icon: 120- extrusion equipment；121- rack；122- hydraulic pump；123- overflow valve；124- pushes cylinder；125- is adjusted
Cylinder；126- three-position four-way valve；127- 3-position 4-way proportioning valve；128- stroke valve；129- collision bar；130- side plate；131- is fixed
Plate；132- pushing plate；133- bottom plate；134- duplex rack gear；135- sliding slot；136- compressed spring；137- pressure sensor.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention
The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality
The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.
Therefore, requirement is not intended to limit to the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below to protect
The scope of the present invention of shield, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, indicating position or the term of positional relationship are based on shown in attached drawing
Orientation or positional relationship, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the equipment of indication or suggestion meaning
Or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or be somebody's turn to do
Invention product using when the orientation or positional relationship usually put, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, without
It is that the device of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore not
It can be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot manage
Solution is indication or suggestion relative importance.
In addition, the terms such as term "horizontal", "vertical", " pendency " are not offered as requiring component abswolute level or pendency, and
It is that can be slightly tilted.It is not to indicate the structure if "horizontal" only refers to that its direction is more horizontal with respect to for "vertical"
It has to fully horizontally, but can be slightly tilted.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be on or below second feature
Directly contacted including the first and second features, also may include the first and second features be not direct contact but by them it
Between other characterisation contact.Moreover, fisrt feature is on second feature, top and above include fisrt feature second spy
Right above sign and oblique upper, or first feature horizontal height is merely representative of higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature it
Under, lower section and fisrt feature included below be directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or be merely representative of first feature horizontal height
Less than second feature.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to FIG. 1, present embodiments providing a kind of civil engineering extrusion equipment 100, it is mainly used for building bulk
Building refuse (such as hollow brick brick) attrition crushing is graininess in order to reusing.Above-mentioned extrusion equipment 120 mainly includes
Pushing plate, fixed plate and hydraulic system, building waste are put between pushing plate and fixed plate, and hydraulic system drives pushing plate
Building waste is squeezed.
With continued reference to FIG. 1, and cooperate with reference to Fig. 2, extrusion equipment 120 mainly includes rack 121, fixed plate 131, pushes
Plate 132, bottom plate 133 and hydraulic system.Rack 121 is for being fixedly connected with remaining part, pushing plate 132, fixed plate 131 and bottom plate
133 are used to form extruding space, and hydraulic system is used to provide power to pushing plate 132.
Fixed plate 131 is vertically arranged and is fixedly connected with rack 121, and bottom plate 133 is horizontally set under fixed plate 131
Side；And be detachably connected with rack 121, for accepting the building waste fallen.Pushing plate 132 and 131 parallel interval of fixed plate
Setting, fixed plate 131, pushing plate 132 and bottom plate 133, which are formed, squeezes space；Pushing plate 132 is slidably matched with rack 121.It pushes away
When movable plate 132 is moved towards fixed plate 131, building waste is extruded broken.The side of bottom plate 133 rotatably connects with rack 121
It connects, electromagnet is provided on bottom plate 133, electromagnet is attracted bottom plate 133 and side plate 130.When needing to open bottom plate 133,
Electromagnet is powered off.
Hydraulic system includes pushing cylinder 124 and hydraulic pump 122, pushes cylinder 124 horizontally disposed, and cylinder body and rack 121 are fixed
Connection, push cylinder 124 piston rod connect with pushing plate 132, for drive pushing plate 132 relative to fixed plate 131 it is close or
It is separate.
In entire extrusion process, the compressible amount of building waste is gradually reduced, and the resistance that pushing plate 132 is subject to gradually adds
Greatly.Extruding initial stage, lesser thrust can effectively be compressed to crush building waste, and pushing plate 132 can achieve relatively high
Movement velocity, squeeze the later period, lesser thrust possibly building waste can not be carried out it is effectively broken, and pushing plate 132 by
High-speed motion can not be also carried out in the reason of resistance.Therefore, if being always maintained at relatively high pressure in extrusion process, this is inevitably
Meeting so that squeeze initial stage pressure margin it is excessive, lead to the waste of the energy.If the flow of hydraulic pump 122 is not in extrusion process
Become, then, theoretically push the movement velocity of 124 piston rod of cylinder constant, still, in actual use, due to squeezing later period piston rod
Movement with pushing plate 132 is prevented from, and movement velocity can decrease, and does not need original flow；Continue to keep original
Flow is easy to cause the increase of interior leakage instead, so as to cause energy consumption increase.
Therefore, for energy saving, the rated power and overall dimensions of hydraulic pump 122 are reduced；It is hydraulic in the present embodiment
The flow and output pressure of system are adapted dynamically.Extrusion equipment 120 further includes controller and pressure sensor 138, pressure
Sensor 138 is arranged in fixed plate 131, for detecting the pressure of fixed plate 131.When pressure in fixed plate 131 increases, control
The output pressure of device control hydraulic system processed increases, flow reduces.
Specifically, such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4；Fig. 3 is hydraulic system principle figure, and Fig. 3 is mainly for showing the pipeline between each element
Connection relationship does not represent its positional relationship.
Hydraulic system further includes overflow valve 123, three-position four-way valve 126,3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 and adjusts cylinder 125.On
The oil inlet for stating overflow valve 123 is connected to hydraulic pump 122, and oil outlet leads to fuel tank, for adjusting the output pressure of hydraulic system.
Overflow valve 123 includes adjusting screw, clockwise when (being reference with Fig. 4) turning adjusting screw, the cracking pressure of overflow valve 123
Increase, the output pressure of hydraulic system increases.
Three-position four-way valve 126 is solenoid directional control valve, and the P mouth of three-position four-way valve 126 is connected to the hydraulic pump 122, T mouthfuls
It is connected to fuel tank, A mouthfuls are connected to by oil inlet pipe with the rodless cavity of cylinder 124 is pushed, and B mouthfuls pass through oil return pipe and push having for cylinder 124
Rod cavity connection.When left position (being reference with Fig. 4) work of three-position four-way valve 126, the rodless cavity oil inlet of catch bar, rod chamber is returned
Oil, pushing plate 132 are squeezed；When right position works, pushing plate 132 is retreated；When middle position works, 132 stop motion of pushing plate.
Adjusting oil pipe is also connected on the oil return pipe, 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127, which is connected to, to be adjusted on oil pipe.Described three
The P mouth of position 4-way proportional valve 127 is connected to the adjusting oil pipe, and T mouthfuls are connected to fuel tank, and A mouthfuls connect with the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder 125
Logical, B mouthfuls are connected to the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder 125；When the rodless cavity oil inlet for adjusting cylinder 125, the piston for adjusting cylinder 125
Bar is moved along first direction.When left position (being reference with Fig. 3) work of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127, the piston rod of cylinder 125 is adjusted
It is pushed out and is moved along first direction；When right position works, the piston rod for adjusting cylinder 125 retracts；When middle position works, cylinder 125 is adjusted
Piston rod stop motion.
Controller is electrically connected with pressure sensor 138, when pushing plate 132 is moved towards the direction close to fixed plate 131, control
Device exports corresponding electric current to 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127, and the spool of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 is mobile, so that adjusting oil pipe
In pressure oil the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder 125 is entered by 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127, adjust the piston rod of cylinder 125 along the
The movement of one direction.When pushing plate 132 is moved towards the direction far from fixed plate 131, controller exports corresponding control electric current to three
Position 4-way proportional valve 127, the spool reverse movement of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127, so that the pressure oil adjusted in oil pipe passes through three
Position 4-way proportional valve 127 enters the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder 125.The piston rod for adjusting cylinder 125 retracts.
The size of above-mentioned control electric current is mainly related with the numerical values recited of pressure sensor 138 in fixed plate 131；It squeezed
Cheng Zhong, with the compression of building waste, the pressure that fixed plate 131 is subject to is gradually increased, and control electric current is gradually increased.3-position 4-way
Proportioning valve 127 is flow proportion valve, and control electric current is bigger, and flow is bigger；The pressure oil volume adjusted in cylinder 125 is input to get over
Greatly, the stroke for adjusting 125 piston rod of cylinder is bigger.When 132 stop motion of pushing plate, the data of pressure sensor 138 are constant, control
Electric current processed is 0, and 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 returns to middle position.Controller uses PLC, or can also be using in the prior art
Electronic control unit.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, for the ease of the cracking pressure of regulation relief valve 123 and the flow of hydraulic pump 122, this reality
Example is applied to improve the adjusting screw of overflow valve 123 and hydraulic pump 122.The adjusting screw end of overflow valve 123 is provided with
Pressure adjustment gear, when pressure adjustment gear (being reference with Fig. 4) clockwise rotates, the cracking pressure of overflow valve 123 increases.Liquid
Press pump 122 is swash plate plunger pump, and the adjusting screw end of hydraulic pump 122 is provided with flow adjustment gear, flow adjustment gear
Counterclockwise when rotation, the inclination angle of 122 swash plate of hydraulic pump reduces, and the flow of hydraulic pump 122 reduces.Overflow valve 123 and hydraulic pump 122
Other structures be not described in detail.
Duplex rack gear 134 is provided between flow adjustment gear and pressure adjustment gear.Duplex rack gear 134 and adjusting cylinder
125 piston rod connection, including two toothed racks, the back side of two toothed racks are fixedly connected；One of rack gear and pressure adjusting tooth
Wheel engagement, another rack gear are engaged with flow adjustment gear.When duplex rack gear 134 is moved along first direction, 123 He of overflow valve
The adjusting screw of hydraulic pump 122 rotates simultaneously, and contrary, so that the flow of hydraulic pump 122 reduces, overflow valve 123
Cracking pressure increases.That is, the output pressure of hydraulic system is gradually increased in extrusion process；The flow of hydraulic pump 122 gradually subtracts
It is small.
Above-mentioned hydraulic system can adjust the flow with hydraulic pump 122 according to the size dynamic of 132 resistance of pushing plate and push away
The output pressure of dynamic cylinder 124, so as to avoid extruding initial stage output pressure is excessive from causing power loss excessive, moreover it is possible to avoid squeezing
Pressure later period flow is excessive and the slack-off caused interior leakage of hydraulic cylinder is excessive；So that hydraulic system reduces energy consumption, section
The about energy.In addition, attrition crushing can also can be completed using the hydraulic pump 122 compared with small rated power in above-mentioned hydraulic system,
So that equipment overall structure is more compact.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, the adjusting screw of overflow valve 123 and hydraulic pump 122 damages in order to prevent, should guard against tune
The stroke for saving 125 piston rod of cylinder is excessive.Therefore, hydraulic system further includes limiting device, for limiting the piston rod for adjusting cylinder 125
Along the position that first direction moves.Limiting device includes stroke valve 128, check valve and collision bar 129；Stroke valve 128 is normally opened
Valve, and on the pipeline for being connected on the B mouth of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 and being connect with the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder 125, check valve and stroke
Valve 128 is in parallel, and check valve prevents pressure oil from flowing to the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder 125 from the B mouth of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127；Collision
Bar 129 is connect with the piston rod for adjusting cylinder 125, and the valve body of stroke valve 128 is connect with rack 121, and collision bar 129 is along first direction
It is capable of the spool end of impact stroke valve 128 when movement.
The working principle of above-mentioned limiting device is as follows:
In extrusion process, the control electric current of controller makes the left position of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 work.Adjust cylinder 125
Piston rod moved along first direction, when collision bar 129 encounters the idler wheel of 128 spool end of stroke valve, stroke valve 128 close
It closes；The rod chamber for adjusting cylinder 125 is cut off to 127B mouthfuls of pipelines of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve, and adjusting cylinder 125 can not further move
Make；At this point, 134 stop motion of duplex rack gear, the flow of hydraulic pump 122 and the cracking pressure of overflow valve 123 are constant.Pushing plate
132 retract initial stage, since the pressure that fixed plate 131 is subject to is gradually reduced, at this point, the control electric current of controller makes 3-position 4-way
The right position of proportioning valve 127 works, and the pressure oil that 127B mouthfuls of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is flowed by check valve and adjusts having for cylinder 125
Rod cavity retracts so that adjusting cylinder 125, and after collision bar 129 retracts, stroke valve 128 resets.
Further, please continue to refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the inner wall of side plate is provided with sliding slot 135, and sliding slot 135 is parallel to promotion
Cylinder extends.Sliding block is provided on the pushing plate side opposite with side plate, sliding block is arranged in sliding slot 135.It is provided in sliding slot 135
One end of compressed spring 136, compressed spring 136 is abutted with sliding block, and the other end is connect with pressure sensor 138, pressure sensor
138 connect with fixed plate.Pushing plate is at initial position (i.e. position of the pushing plate far from fixed plate), the bullet of compressed spring 136
Power is 0.
Due to the physical characteristic of building waste itself, the suffered pressure from building waste of pushing plate may be with promotion
The displacement of plate is not directly proportional；Also, when pushing plate retracts, since building waste will not restore to deform, pressure sensor 138 is measured
Data may strongly reduce.After above-mentioned design, the pressure to fixed plate for the pushing plate that pressure sensor 138 measures
It is directly proportional to the displacement of pushing plate；Also, in back off procedure, pressure sensor 138 still is able to become with the displacement of pushing plate
Change and changes.In addition, pressure sensor 138 and compressed spring 136 are as in sliding slot 135, this makes the material fallen will not
Compressed spring 136 and pressure sensor 138 are pounded, protective action is played.
It should be noted that pushing cylinder 124 and adjusting cylinder 125 is Normal hydraulic cylinder, for the ease of distinguishing, will be used to push away
Dynamic hydraulic cylinder is known as pushing cylinder 124, and the hydraulic cylinder for adjusting is known as adjusting cylinder 125.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of civil engineering building waste processing system is present embodiments provided, including in screening plant and embodiment 1
Civil engineering extrusion equipment, the lower section of the extrusion equipment is arranged in the screening plant；The screening plant includes vibration
Dynamic sieve.
The screening plant further includes vibrating motor, and the vibrating motor is for driving the shaker vibration.Through being sieved
After point, the building waste granularity for vibrating lower part of screen is smaller, is used directly for production hollow brick etc.；Building rubbish on vibrating screen
The granularity of rubbish is still bigger directly to be used, and put into pressurized equipment and squeezed again after being collected.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of civil engineering building waste processing method is present embodiments provided, which employs the processing in embodiment 1
System 100, comprising the following steps:
A. it is crushed；Block-like building waste is tentatively broken using the progress such as quartering hammer；
B. it squeezes；The building waste fallen from crushing plant 110 fall on it is in heaps in extrusion equipment 120 after, close broken sets
Standby 110 and start the hydraulic system of extrusion equipment 120；Pushing plate 132 moves towards the direction close to fixed plate 131 and will build rubbish
Rubbish is squeezed towards fixed plate 131, and pressure sensor 138 is by the pressure signal transmission of pushing plate 132 to controller；
C. 3-position 4-way proportioning valve 127 is adjusted；When pressure value is gradually increased, controller gives 3-position 4-way proportioning valve
127 are powered so that spool acts, and proportioning valve is to the rodless cavity fuel feeding for adjusting cylinder 125；Pressure value is bigger, and electric current is bigger, ratio
The flow of valve is bigger；When pressure value is gradually reduced, controller controls the spool counteragent of proportioning valve, and proportioning valve is to pressure regulation
The rod chamber fuel feeding of cylinder；When pressure value is constant, proportioning valve power loss, spool returns to middle position；
D. flow, pressure are adjusted；Pushing plate 132 in extrusion process, adjusts cylinder 125 and drives duplex rack gear 134 along first
Direction movement pushes the output pressure of cylinder 124 to be gradually increased so that pushing plate 132 is in extrusion process, and flow is gradually reduced,
The speed of pushing plate 132 is caused to gradually decrease；When the collision bar 129 on the piston rod for adjusting cylinder 125 encounters stroke valve 128,
125 stopping of cylinder movement is adjusted, flow and pressure remain unchanged.
E. it sieves；Sheet reset will be pushed, floor will be opened；Building waste after extruding, which is fallen in screening plant, to be sieved.Sieve
After point, the material on vibrating screen top is put into extrusion equipment again and is squeezed.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for this field
For technical staff, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of civil engineering extrusion equipment characterized by comprising rack, hydraulic system, fixed plate, pushing plate and bottom
Plate, the hydraulic system include hydraulic pump and promotion cylinder；The hydraulic pump is connected to the promotion cylinder, for the promotion cylinder
Pressure oil is provided；
The fixed plate is fixedly connected with the rack, and the bottom plate is detachably connected with the rack, the pushing plate and institute
The setting of fixed plate parallel interval is stated, the fixed plate, pushing plate and the bottom plate, which are formed, squeezes space；The pushing plate with it is described
Housing slide cooperation；The cylinder body for pushing cylinder is fixedly connected with the rack, the piston rod for pushing cylinder and the promotion
Plate connection, for drive the pushing plate relative to the fixed plate close to or far from.
2. civil engineering extrusion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include the side plate of two relative spacings setting, the side plate is connect with the fixed plate；
The side of the bottom plate is rotatably connected by connecting shaft and the fixed plate；It is provided on the bottom plate or the side plate
Electromagnet, when the electromagnet is powered, the bottom plate and the side plate are attracted.
3. civil engineering extrusion equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The inner wall of the side plate is provided with sliding slot, and the sliding slot is parallel to the promotion cylinder and extends；The pushing plate and the side
Sliding block is provided on the opposite side of plate, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding slot.
4. civil engineering extrusion equipment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The extrusion equipment further includes controller and pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged in fixed plate, for examining
Survey the pressure of the fixed plate or the pushing plate；
The hydraulic system further includes overflow valve, three-position four-way valve, 3-position 4-way proportioning valve and adjusts cylinder；The overflow valve is used for
Regulating system output pressure；The P mouth of the three-position four-way valve is connected to the hydraulic pump, and T mouthfuls are connected to fuel tank, A mouthfuls by into
Oil pipe is connected to the rodless cavity of cylinder is pushed, and B mouthfuls are connected to by oil return pipe with the rod chamber of cylinder is pushed；
Adjusting oil pipe is also connected on the oil return pipe, the P mouth of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is connected to the adjusting oil pipe, T
Mouth is connected to fuel tank, and A mouthfuls are connected to the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder, and B mouthfuls are connected to the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder；It is described adjust cylinder without bar
When chamber oil inlet, the piston rod for adjusting cylinder is moved along first direction；
The controller is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, when the pushing plate is moved towards the direction close to the fixed plate,
The controller exports corresponding electric current and gives 3-position 4-way proportioning valve, and the spool of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is mobile, so that adjusting
Pressure oil in Oil-saving pipe enters the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder by 3-position 4-way proportioning valve；
When the pushing plate is moved towards the direction far from the fixed plate, the controller exports corresponding electric current to 3-position 4-way
Proportioning valve, the spool reverse movement of the 3-position 4-way proportioning valve, so that the pressure oil adjusted in oil pipe passes through 3-position 4-way ratio
Example valve enters the rod chamber for adjusting cylinder；
The adjusting screw end of the overflow valve is provided with pressure adjustment gear, and the hydraulic pump is swash plate plunger pump, described
The adjusting screw end of hydraulic pump is provided with flow adjustment gear；Between the flow adjustment gear and the pressure adjustment gear
It is provided with duplex rack gear；
The duplex rack gear is connect with the piston rod for adjusting cylinder, and including two rack gears, the back side of two toothed racks is fixed to be connected
It connects；One of rack gear is engaged with the pressure adjustment gear, another rack gear is engaged with the flow adjustment gear；It is described
When duplex rack gear is moved along first direction, the flow of the hydraulic pump reduces, and the cracking pressure of the overflow valve increases.
5. civil engineering extrusion equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that；
The hydraulic system further includes limiting device, for limiting the piston rod for adjusting cylinder along the position that first direction moves；Institute
Stating limiting device includes stroke valve, check valve and collision bar；The stroke valve is normally open valve, and is connected on the 3-position 4-way ratio
On the pipeline that the B mouth of example valve is connect with the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder, the check valve is in parallel with the stroke valve, described unidirectional
Valve prevents pressure oil from flowing to the rodless cavity for adjusting cylinder from the B mouth of 3-position 4-way proportioning valve；
The collision bar is connect with the piston rod for adjusting cylinder, and the valve body of the stroke valve is connect with the rack, described to touch
Lance can collide the spool end of the stroke valve when moving along first direction.
6. civil engineering extrusion equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Compressed spring is provided in the sliding slot, one end of compressed spring is abutted with the sliding block, and the other end and the pressure pass
Sensor connection, the pressure sensor are connect with the fixed plate, and for pushing plate in initial position, the elastic force of compressed spring is 0.
7. a kind of civil engineering building waste processing system, it is characterised in that: any including screening plant and claim 1-6
The lower section of the extrusion equipment is arranged in civil engineering extrusion equipment described in, the screening plant；The screening plant
Including vibrating screen.
8. civil engineering according to claim 7 building waste processing system, it is characterised in that；
The screening plant further includes vibrating motor, and the vibrating motor is for driving the shaker vibration.
9. a kind of civil engineering building waste processing method, using the building rubbish of civil engineering described in claim 7 or 8
Rubbish processing system；The following steps are included:
A. it squeezes；By blocky building waste put into extrusion equipment it is in heaps after, start the hydraulic system of extrusion equipment；Pushing plate
It is squeezed towards close to the movement of the direction of fixed plate and by building waste towards fixed plate, pressure sensor passes the pressure signal of pushing plate
Pass controller；
B. 3-position 4-way proportioning valve is adjusted；When pressure value is gradually increased, controller to 3-position 4-way proportioning valve be powered so that
Spool movement, proportioning valve is to the rodless cavity fuel feeding for adjusting cylinder；Pressure value is bigger, and electric current is bigger, and the flow of proportioning valve is bigger；When
When pressure value is gradually reduced, controller controls the spool counteragent of proportioning valve, rod chamber fuel feeding of the proportioning valve to voltage regulation cylinder；
When pressure value is constant, proportioning valve power loss, spool returns to middle position；
C. flow, pressure are adjusted；Pushing plate in extrusion process, adjusts cylinder and duplex rack gear is driven to move along first direction, so that
Pushing plate in extrusion process, pushes the output pressure of cylinder to be gradually increased, and flow is gradually reduced, and leads to the speed of pushing plate gradually
It reduces；When the collision bar on the piston rod for adjusting cylinder encounters stroke valve, cylinder stopping movement being adjusted, flow and pressure are kept not
Become；
D. it sieves；Sheet reset will be pushed, floor will be opened；Building waste after extruding, which is fallen in screening plant, to be sieved.
10. building waste processing method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: after screening, by the object on vibrating screen top
Material is put into extrusion equipment again to be squeezed.
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| CN201811136762.9A CN109277124B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Energy-saving extrusion equipment for civil engineering, construction waste treatment system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811136762.9A CN109277124B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Energy-saving extrusion equipment for civil engineering, construction waste treatment system and method |
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| CN109277124A true CN109277124A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
| CN109277124B CN109277124B (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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| CN112604742A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-04-06 | 湖南高福星智能科技有限公司 | Processing equipment for metal powder |
| CN114082504A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-25 | 徐州瑞升建设有限公司 | Stone breaker is used in earthwork engineering construction |
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|---|---|
| CN109277124B (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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