CN109028787B - Nanoparticle drying system and nanoparticle dehydration method - Google Patents
Nanoparticle drying system and nanoparticle dehydration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109028787B CN109028787B CN201811061510.4A CN201811061510A CN109028787B CN 109028787 B CN109028787 B CN 109028787B CN 201811061510 A CN201811061510 A CN 201811061510A CN 109028787 B CN109028787 B CN 109028787B
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011234 nano-particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 protectants Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in presses or clamping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/08—Granular materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a nanoparticle drying system and a nanoparticle dehydration method, and belongs to the field of dehydration equipment. The nanoparticle drying system comprises a frame, a storage cylinder, a feeding device, a hydraulic dehydrator and a drying device. The rack is used for fixedly mounting other devices; the storage cylinder is arranged at the uppermost part and is used for storing nano particles; the feeding device is arranged below the storage cylinder, the hydraulic dehydrator is arranged below the feeding device, and the drying device is arranged below the hydraulic dehydrator. The feeding device controllably feeds the nano particles in the storage cylinder into the hydraulic dehydrator for extrusion dehydration, and the nano particles subjected to extrusion dehydration fall into the drying device below for drying. By adopting the drying system and the drying method, not only is the dehydration rate high, but also the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the dehydration efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of particle dehydration equipment, in particular to a nanoparticle drying system and a nanoparticle dehydration method.
Background
Many nanoparticulate materials require dehydration prior to use, such as catalysts, desulfurizing agents, protectants, additives, adjuvants, and the like; if the water content is too high, agglomeration of the nanoparticles is often encountered. On the premise of high efficiency, economy and invariance, the method for breaking and dewatering the nanoparticle agglomerates to ensure the quality of processed products is always a great problem faced by enterprises, and is also a general concern and a urgent problem to be solved in the current nanotechnology field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nanoparticle drying system which can effectively reduce the water content of nanoparticles.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a nanoparticle dehydration method capable of effectively reducing the water content of nanoparticles.
The invention is realized in the following way:
a nanoparticle feeding device comprises two flow control mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged; the flow control mechanism comprises a turning plate, an electric push-pull rod and a mounting seat; the middle part of the turning plate is pivoted with the frame;
the electric push-pull rod is used for pushing the turning plates to rotate so as to enable the bottoms of the two turning plates to approach or depart from each other;
the electric push-pull rod comprises a first threaded rod, a second threaded rod and a motor, and the first threaded rod is in threaded connection with the second threaded rod; the mounting seat is provided with a bearing, and the second threaded rod is mounted in the bearing; the mounting seat is used for being pivoted with the frame;
the first threaded rod is hinged with the upper part of the turning plate; the motor is in transmission connection with the second threaded rod and is used for driving the second threaded rod to rotate.
Nanoparticle drying system includes nanoparticle feed arrangement and
the rack is of a steel structure formed by connecting sectional materials;
the storage cylinder is of a cylindrical structure made of steel plates and is used for storing nano particles;
the feeding device is arranged below the storage cylinder and is used for receiving the nano particles falling down from the storage cylinder; the mounting seat is pivoted with the frame, and the middle part of the turning plate is pivoted with the frame;
the hydraulic dehydrator comprises a hydraulic system and a dehydration device, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the frame; the dehydration device is arranged below the feeding device;
the dehydration device comprises a fixed plate, a sliding plate, a bearing plate and two side plates; the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the frame and is vertically arranged, and the sliding plate is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and is arranged in parallel and at intervals with the fixed plate; the two side plates are arranged in parallel at intervals and connected with the fixed plate, the bearing plate is horizontally arranged, and the bearing plate is provided with a water outlet and is rotatably connected with the lower part of the fixed plate; a drainage pipe is connected to the drainage hole;
the fixing plate, the sliding plate, the bearing plate and the two side plates form an accommodating space for accommodating nano particles;
the drying device comprises a conveyor belt and a drying box, wherein the drying box comprises an inlet and an outlet; the conveyor belt passes through the inlet and the outlet, and is arranged below the dehydration device and used for receiving the nano particles falling in the dehydration device; and a heater is arranged in the drying box.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the fixing plate is provided with a through hole, the sliding plate is provided with a push rod, one end of the push rod is vertically connected with the sliding plate, and the other end of the push rod penetrates through the through hole in the fixing plate; the hydraulic system further comprises an overflow valve, wherein the overflow valve is used for adjusting the oil pressure of the hydraulic system and comprises an adjusting screw, and a gear is arranged at the end part of the adjusting screw; the hydraulic dehydrator also comprises a pressure adjusting device, wherein the pressure adjusting device comprises a lever and a rack, and the rack is horizontally arranged and is in sliding fit with the rack; the rack is meshed with the gear;
the lever comprises an outer cylinder and an inner rod, and the outer cylinder comprises a closed end and an open end; the outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner rod and is connected with the inner rod in a sliding manner; a compression spring is arranged in the outer cylinder, one end of the compression spring is in butt joint with the outer cylinder, and the other end of the compression spring is in butt joint with the inner rod;
the outer cylinder is pivoted with the frame through a fixed shaft; the fixed shaft is close to the closed end of the outer cylinder; the closed end of the outer cylinder is opposite to the free end of the push rod, and the push rod can touch the outer cylinder when moving, so that the lever rotates; the free end of the inner rod is hinged with the rack, and when the push rod pushes the lever to rotate, the rack can drive the adjusting screw to rotate through the gear, so that the oil pressure of the hydraulic system is increased.
When the sliding plate compresses the initial stage of sludge dewatering, effective dewatering can be carried out only by smaller pressure; after the initial stage, the sludge is compacted and more pressure is required to continue dewatering. Because the power of the hydraulic system is in direct proportion to the system pressure, the energy consumption is saved as much as possible; the pressure of the hydraulic system should be dynamically changed according to the need for dewatering. By adopting the structure, when the sliding plate extrudes sludge to a certain extent, the push rod on the sliding plate pushes the lever to rotate, and the adjusting screw of the overflow valve is driven to rotate through the rack and the gear; so that the pressure of the hydraulic system increases as the dewatering is needed.
The compression spring is arranged in the lever, so that the inner rod can exert a pushing force, the pushing force enables the gear to be well meshed with the rack, and the gear is prevented from being disengaged from the rack due to equipment vibration. And when the lever deviates from the vertical position, the thrust of the spring has a horizontal component force, and the component force enables the inner rod to more effectively push the rack to slide; the motion is more flexible, and the sensitivity of system pressure adjustment is improved.
The fixed shaft is close to the closed end of the outer cylinder, so that the lever has an amplifying effect, and the micro-movement of the sliding plate can be amplified; thereby improving the sensitivity of the system pressure regulation.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
a displacement amplifying mechanism is further arranged between the free end of the push rod and the closed end of the lever, the displacement amplifying mechanism comprises a first sliding rod, a second sliding rod and a reducing cylinder, the reducing cylinder comprises a large cylinder, a small cylinder and a conical cylinder, and the large cylinder is connected with the small cylinder through the conical cylinder; the reducing cylinder is horizontally arranged, and the large cylinder is close to the push rod;
one end of the first sliding rod is provided with a first piston, and the other end of the first sliding rod is arranged at an interval relative to the push rod; the first piston is in sliding fit with the large cylinder; one end of the second sliding rod is provided with a second piston, and the other end of the second sliding rod is provided with a ball; a closed storage space is formed among the first piston, the second piston and the reducing cylinder, and the storage space is filled with fluid;
the closed end of the outer cylinder is provided with an abutting plate, and the ball on the second sliding rod abuts against the abutting plate.
Because the compression ratio of the sludge is greatly reduced after the sludge is compacted, the displacement of the sliding plate in the later extrusion stage is smaller, and the output pressure of the hydraulic system is required to be improved in the later extrusion stage. Therefore, by adopting the displacement amplifying mechanism, the micro-movement of the push rod can be amplified, so that the sensitivity of system pressure regulation is improved, and the dehydration effect is improved.
The compression amount of the sludge is relatively large due to the initial compression, and the increase of the reaction force to the sliding plate is small. Therefore, in order to save energy, the extrusion may be performed at a low pressure in the initial stage, and the pressurization may not be performed. Thus, the end of the first slide bar is spaced from the end of the push bar.
When the lever rotates, the closed end of the outer cylinder rotates, and when the rotation amplitude is too large, the second sliding rod is possibly disconnected with the closed end of the outer cylinder, so that the reliability of the pressure regulating device is affected. Therefore, the closed end of the outer cylinder is provided with an abutting plate, and the end part of the second sliding rod is provided with a ball; when the abutting plate rotates along with the outer cylinder, the ball can slide on the abutting plate; thereby preventing the second sliding rod from being unable to push the outer cylinder to rotate, and improving the reliability of the pressure regulating device.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the hydraulic system further comprises a three-position four-way reversing valve, and the three-position four-way reversing valve is used for changing the flow direction of hydraulic oil.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the feeding device further comprises a surrounding frame, wherein the surrounding frame comprises two baffles which are oppositely arranged, and the baffles are fixedly connected with the side parts of the turning plate and the rack; the baffle and the turning plate enclose a storage space.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the enclosing frame also comprises two connecting plates which are arranged at intervals relatively, and the two baffles are connected through the connecting plates;
and a blanking pipe is arranged below the storage cylinder and connected with the upper part of the enclosing frame.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the drying device further comprises a blower and an air supply pipe, wherein the air supply pipe is communicated with the interior of the drying box, and the blower is communicated with the air supply pipe; the air supply pipe is spiral.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the drying box is internally provided with a temperature sensor; the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the blower and the heater.
The nanoparticle dehydration method adopts the nanoparticle drying system and comprises the following steps:
a. adjusting the system to an initial state; specifically, the relief valve is adjusted so that the supply pressure of the hydraulic system is between 0.5MPA and 1 MPA;
b. opening a feeding device, and putting part of nano particles in the storage cylinder into a hydraulic dehydrator through the feeding device;
c. after the dehydration device is filled with nano particles, the feeding device is closed, and the work material is stopped; starting a hydraulic system to enable the sliding plate to squeeze the nano particles; and dynamically adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic system; when the output pressure of the hydraulic system reaches the preset maximum pressure; and switching the reversing valve of the hydraulic system to the middle pressure maintaining mode.
d. After pressure maintaining, reversing the reversing valve to enable the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to reversely move; and opens the receiving plate
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the nanoparticle feeding device, the drying system and the method are designed to be used, and when the nanoparticle feeding device is used, the system is adjusted to an initial state; so that the oil supply pressure of the hydraulic system is between 0.5MPA and 1 MPA. The feeding device is then opened so that the nanoparticles in the cartridge fall through the feeding device into the dewatering device. And starting a hydraulic system, and extruding and dehydrating the nano particle groups in the dehydrating device by the sliding plate. The dehydrated nanoparticle clusters fall into a drying device for drying.
By adopting the nanoparticle feeding device, the drying system and the method, not only is the dehydration rate high, but also the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the dehydration efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drying system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flap dehydrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a left side view of the enclosing frame in fig. 2 in the flap dehydrator according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of a hydraulic dehydrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic dehydrator in a vertical plane provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pressure regulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement amplifying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: a 100-nanoparticle drying system; 110-a frame; 120-a storage cylinder; 130-a feeding device; 131-an electric push-pull rod; 133-mount; 134-turning plate; 135-enclosing the frame; 1352-baffles; 1354-a connection plate; 137-a slide drive mechanism; 138-rotating shaft; 140-a hydraulic dehydrator; 141-a hydraulic system; 1412—hydraulic cylinder; 1413-overflow valve; 142-a dehydration device; 1421-a fixed plate; 1422-sliding plate; 1423-a receiving plate; 1424-side panels; 1425—push rod; 143-pressure regulating means; 144-lever; 1441-an outer cylinder; 1442-inner rod; 1443-abutment plate; 145-a displacement amplification mechanism; 1452-a first slide bar; 1454-a second slide bar; 1456-reducing cylinder; 150-a drying device; 152-a drying box; 154-conveyor belt; 160-a controller; 170-detector.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "orientation" or "positional relationship" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may include first and second features directly contacting each other, either above or below a second feature, or through additional features contacting each other, rather than directly contacting each other. Moreover, the first feature being above, over, and on the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, beneath, and beneath the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a nanoparticle drying system 100, which includes a rack 110, a storage cylinder 120, a feeding device 130, a hydraulic dehydrator 140 and a drying device 150. The rack 110 is used for fixedly mounting other devices; the cartridge 120 is disposed at the uppermost side for storing the nanoparticles; the feeding device 130 is disposed below the storage cylinder 120, the hydraulic dehydrator 140 is disposed below the feeding device 130, and the drying device 150 is disposed below the hydraulic dehydrator 140. The feeding device 130 controllably feeds the nano-particles in the storage cylinder 120 into the hydraulic dehydrator 140 for extrusion dehydration, and the extrusion dehydrated nano-particles fall into the drying device 150 below for drying.
Specifically, the storage cylinder 120 is fixedly connected with the frame 110, and is a cylindrical structure made of stainless steel plate coil, and a conical funnel is arranged at the lower part of the storage cylinder.
Referring to fig. 2, the feeding device 130 includes two flow control mechanisms symmetrically arranged; the flow control mechanism comprises a turning plate 134, an electric push-pull rod 131 and a mounting seat 133. The middle part of the turning plate 134 is pivoted with the frame 110; by pushing the upper portion of the flap 134, the flap 134 can freely rotate such that the bottoms of the two flaps 134 are close to or far from each other.
The electric push-pull rod 131 comprises a first threaded rod, a second threaded rod and a motor, wherein the first threaded rod is an internal threaded rod, and the second threaded rod is an external threaded rod. The first threaded rod is in threaded connection with the second threaded rod. The mounting seat 133 is provided with a bearing, and the second threaded rod is mounted in the bearing; the mounting base 133 is pivoted with the frame 110;
the first threaded rod is hinged with the upper part of the turning plate 134; the motor is in transmission connection with the second threaded rod and is used for driving the second threaded rod to rotate. When the second threaded rod rotates, the first threaded rod is pivoted with the turning plate 134, so that the first threaded rod cannot rotate; at this time, the first threaded rod moves along the axial direction, and the mounting base 133 rotates within a certain angle around the pivot shaft on the frame 110. The electric push-pull rod 131 pushes the turning plates 134 to rotate through the movement of the first threaded rod, so that the gap at the bottoms of the two turning plates 134 is enlarged or reduced, and the falling speed of materials is controlled.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to prevent sludge from falling from the side edge of the flap 134, the flap 134 pressing device is further provided with a enclosing frame 135; the enclosing frame 135 comprises two opposite baffles 1352, the two baffles 1352 are respectively arranged at two sides of the turning plate 134, and the two baffles 1352 of the turning plate 134 enclose a cavity with opposite four sides. The enclosing frame 135 further comprises two connecting plates 1354, and the two connecting plates 1354 and the two baffles 1352 are welded to form a frame structure; the two connection plates 1354 are shorter in height and are located below the two flaps 1352 of the flap 134.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the hydraulic dehydrator 140 includes a hydraulic system 141 and a dehydration device 142, the hydraulic system 141 includes a hydraulic cylinder 1412, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1412 is connected with the frame 110, and a piston rod is connected with the dehydration device 142 for providing pressure to the dehydration device 142. The hydraulic system 141 further comprises an overflow valve 1413, a three-position four-way reversing valve and a hydraulic pump, wherein the overflow valve 1413 is used for adjusting the oil pressure of the hydraulic system 141, a gear is arranged at the end part of an adjusting screw of the overflow valve 1413, and the oil pressure of the hydraulic system 141 can be adjusted by rotating the gear; the reversing valve adopts an electromagnetic valve for controlling the movement direction of the piston rod.
Referring to fig. 5, the dewatering device 142 is disposed below the feeding device 130 and includes a fixed plate 1421, a sliding plate 1422, a receiving plate 1423 and two side plates 1424. The fixed plate 1421 is fixedly connected to the frame 110 and vertically disposed, and the sliding plate 1422 is connected to a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1412 and is disposed in parallel with and spaced apart from the fixed plate 1421. The two side plates 1424 are arranged in parallel at intervals and connected with the fixed plate 1421, the bearing plate 1423 is horizontally arranged, and the bearing plate 1423 is provided with a water outlet and is rotatably connected with the lower part of the fixed plate 1421; to the drain hole, a drain pipe (not shown) is connected through which water flowing out of the dehydrating unit 142 flows into the drain system.
The bottom of the side plate 1424 is provided with an electromagnet that attracts the receiving plate 1423 so that it remains in a horizontal position. When it is desired to turn on the dehydration engine 142, the electromagnet is de-energized.
Further, a through hole is formed in the fixed plate 1421, a push rod 1425 is disposed on the sliding plate 1422, one end of the push rod 1425 is vertically connected to the sliding plate 1422, and the other end passes through the through hole in the fixed plate 1421.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the hydraulic dehydrator 140 further includes a pressure regulator 143, where the pressure regulator 143 includes a lever 144 and a rack, and the rack is horizontally disposed and slidably engaged with the frame 110; the rack is meshed with the gear.
The lever 144 includes an outer barrel 1441 and an inner rod 1442, the outer barrel 1441 including a closed end and an open end; the outer cylinder 1441 is sleeved on the inner rod 1442 and is connected with the inner rod 1442 in a sliding manner. The outer tube 1441 is provided with a compression spring, one end of which abuts against the outer tube 1441 and the other end abuts against the inner rod 1442. The outer cylinder 1441 is pivoted with the frame 110 through a fixed shaft; the fixed shaft is near the closed end of the outer cylinder 1441; the closed end of the outer cylinder 1441 is opposite to the free end of the push rod 1425, and when the push rod 1425 moves, the push rod 1425 can touch the outer cylinder 1441, so that the lever 144 rotates; the free end of the inner rod 1442 is hinged to a rack, and when the push rod 1425 pushes the lever 144 to rotate, the rack can drive the adjusting screw to rotate through a gear, so that the oil pressure of the hydraulic system 141 is increased.
Further, the nanoparticle drying system also includes a controller, a detector, and a return spring (not shown), the controller being electrically connected to the detector and the reversing valve; when the rack collides with the detector, the detector sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the reversing valve to enable the valve core to move to the middle position, so that pressure maintaining of the hydraulic cylinder is realized; the reset spring is used for resetting the rack.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a displacement amplifying mechanism 145 is further disposed between the free end of the push rod 1425 and the closed end of the lever 144, the displacement amplifying mechanism 145 comprises a first sliding rod 1452, a second sliding rod 1454 and a reducing cylinder 1456, the reducing cylinder 1456 comprises a large cylinder, a small cylinder and a conical cylinder, and the large cylinder and the small cylinder are connected through the conical cylinder; the reducing cylinder 1456 is horizontally disposed and the large cylinder is adjacent to the push rod 1425.
One end of the first sliding rod 1452 is provided with a first piston, and the other end is arranged at an opposite interval with the push rod 1425; the first piston is in sliding fit with the large cylinder; one end of the second sliding rod 1454 is provided with a second piston, and the other end is provided with a ball; a closed storage space is formed between the first piston, the second piston and the reducing cylinder 1456, and the storage space is filled with fluid. The closed end of the outer tube 1441 is provided with an abutment plate 1443, and the ball on the second slide bar 1454 abuts against the abutment plate 1443.
The hydraulic dehydrator 140 operates as follows;
in the initial state, the receiving plate 1423 is fixed in a horizontal position by the electromagnet; after the nanoparticles in the feeding device 130 fall onto the landing plate 1423 in the dewatering device 142; the hydraulic system 141 is activated and the slide plate 1422 moves and squeezes the sludge block for dewatering.
The compressible amount of the nanoparticle clusters is larger in the initial stage of extrusion, and the nanoparticle clusters can be effectively dehydrated by adopting smaller pressure. At this time, the push rod 1425 is not in contact with the first slide bar 1452 of the displacement amplifying mechanism 145. In the middle and later stages of extrusion, the compressible quantity of the sludge is smaller, and the high-efficiency extrusion dehydration cannot be performed under smaller pressure; at this time, the push rod 1425 has moved to the end of the first slide bar 1452 and pushes the first slide bar 1452 to move; the first piston on the first slide bar 1452 pushes the fluid in the variable diameter cylinder 1456 to move, and the fluid pushes the second slide bar 1454 to move by the second piston. Since the diameter of the second piston is smaller than that of the first piston; therefore, in the case of equal flow rates, the displacement of the second piston is greater than the displacement of the first piston. The displacement of the push rod 1425 is amplified by the displacement amplification mechanism 145. When the second slide bar 1454 pushes the lever 144 to rotate, the displacement of the second slide bar 1454 is further amplified; the inner rod 1442 of the lever 144 pushes the rack to move, and the rack drives the adjusting screw of the relief valve 1413 to rotate in a direction of increasing the pressure through the gear. As the slide plate 1422 continues to compress sludge for dewatering, the output pressure of the hydraulic system 141 increases. When the preset pressure is increased, the controller 160 controls the hydraulic system 141 to stop operating, and the deep dehydration is ended. After the receiving plate 1423 is opened, the dewatered sludge may fall into the drying device 150.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the drying apparatus 150 includes a conveyor belt 154, a drying box 152, the drying box 152 including an inlet and an outlet; a conveyor belt 154 passes through the inlet and outlet, the conveyor belt 154 being disposed below the dewatering device 142 for receiving the nanoparticles falling in the dewatering device 142.
A heater and a temperature sensor are provided in the drying box 152, and the heater maintains the temperature in the drying box 152 between 50 and 60 degrees. This temperature allows higher drying rates of the nanoparticles without also damaging their chemical properties. In order to enable moisture in the drying box 152 to be removed as soon as possible, the drying device 150 is further provided with a blower and an air supply pipe, wherein the air supply pipe is communicated with the blower, and the air supply pipe is in a spiral shape, so that air coming out of the air supply pipe forms spiral vortex in the drying box 152, and the moisture is more efficiently taken away.
Examples
A nanoparticle dehydration method using the nanoparticle drying system 100 of example 1, comprising the steps of:
a. adjusting the system to an initial state; specifically, relief valve 1413 is adjusted such that the supply pressure of hydraulic system 141 is between 0.5MPA-1 MPA;
b. opening the feeding device 130, and putting part of the nano particles in the storage cylinder 120 into the hydraulic dehydrator 140 through the feeding device 130;
c. after the dehydration device 142 is filled with nano particles, the feeding device 130 is closed, and the work material is stopped; actuating the hydraulic system 141 causes the sliding plate 1422 to squeeze the nanoparticles; and dynamically adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic system 141; when the output pressure of the hydraulic system 141 reaches a preset maximum pressure; the reversing valve of the hydraulic system 141 is switched to the neutral pressure maintaining.
d. After pressure maintaining, reversing the reversing valve to enable the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1412 to reversely move; and opens landing 1423.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A nanoparticle drying system, comprising:
the nanoparticle feeding device comprises two flow control mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged; the flow control mechanism comprises a turning plate, an electric push-pull rod and a mounting seat; the middle part of the turning plate is used for being pivoted with the frame;
the electric push-pull rod is used for pushing the turning plates to rotate so as to enable the bottoms of the two turning plates to approach or depart from each other;
the electric push-pull rod comprises a first threaded rod, a second threaded rod and a motor, and the first threaded rod is in threaded connection with the second threaded rod; the mounting seat is provided with a bearing, and the second threaded rod is mounted in the bearing; the mounting seat is used for being pivoted with the frame;
the first threaded rod is hinged with the upper part of the turning plate; the motor is in transmission connection with the second threaded rod and is used for driving the second threaded rod to rotate;
the rack is of a steel structure formed by connecting sectional materials;
the storage cylinder is of a cylindrical structure made of steel plates and is used for storing nano particles;
the feeding device is arranged below the storage cylinder and is used for receiving the nano particles falling down from the storage cylinder; the mounting seat is pivoted with the frame, and the middle part of the turning plate is pivoted with the frame;
the hydraulic dehydrator comprises a hydraulic system and a dehydration device, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the frame; the dehydration device is arranged below the feeding device;
the dehydration device comprises a fixed plate, a sliding plate, a bearing plate and two side plates; the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the frame and is vertically arranged, and the sliding plate is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and is arranged in parallel and at intervals with the fixed plate; the two side plates are arranged in parallel at intervals and connected with the fixed plate, the bearing plate is horizontally arranged, and the bearing plate is provided with a water outlet and is rotatably connected with the lower part of the fixed plate; a drainage pipe is connected to the drainage hole;
the fixing plate, the sliding plate, the bearing plate and the two side plates form an accommodating space for accommodating nano particles;
the drying device comprises a conveyor belt and a drying box, wherein the drying box comprises an inlet and an outlet; the conveyor belt passes through the inlet and the outlet, and is arranged below the dehydration device and used for receiving the nano particles falling in the dehydration device; a heater is arranged in the drying box;
the fixing plate is provided with a through hole, the sliding plate is provided with a push rod, one end of the push rod is vertically connected with the sliding plate, and the other end of the push rod penetrates through the through hole in the fixing plate;
the hydraulic system further comprises an overflow valve, wherein the overflow valve is used for adjusting the oil pressure of the hydraulic system and comprises an adjusting screw, and a gear is arranged at the end part of the adjusting screw;
the hydraulic dehydrator also comprises a pressure adjusting device, wherein the pressure adjusting device comprises a lever and a rack, and the rack is horizontally arranged and is in sliding fit with the rack; the rack is meshed with the gear;
the lever comprises an outer cylinder and an inner rod, and the outer cylinder comprises a closed end and an open end; the outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner rod and is connected with the inner rod in a sliding manner; a compression spring is arranged in the outer cylinder, one end of the compression spring is in butt joint with the outer cylinder, and the other end of the compression spring is in butt joint with the inner rod;
the outer cylinder is pivoted with the frame through a fixed shaft; the fixed shaft is close to the closed end of the outer cylinder; the closed end of the outer cylinder is opposite to the free end of the push rod, and the push rod can touch the outer cylinder when moving, so that the lever rotates;
the free end of the inner rod is hinged with the rack, and when the push rod pushes the lever to rotate, the rack can drive the adjusting screw to rotate through the gear, so that the oil pressure of the hydraulic system is increased;
a displacement amplifying mechanism is further arranged between the free end of the push rod and the closed end of the lever, the displacement amplifying mechanism comprises a first sliding rod, a second sliding rod and a reducing cylinder, the reducing cylinder comprises a large cylinder, a small cylinder and a conical cylinder, and the large cylinder is connected with the small cylinder through the conical cylinder; the reducing cylinder is horizontally arranged, and the large cylinder is close to the push rod;
one end of the first sliding rod is provided with a first piston, and the other end of the first sliding rod is arranged at an interval relative to the push rod; the first piston is in sliding fit with the large cylinder; one end of the second sliding rod is provided with a second piston, and the other end of the second sliding rod is provided with a ball; a closed storage space is formed among the first piston, the second piston and the reducing cylinder, and the storage space is filled with fluid;
the closed end of the outer cylinder is provided with an abutting plate, and the ball on the second sliding rod abuts against the abutting plate.
2. The nanoparticle drying system of claim 1, wherein:
the hydraulic system further comprises a three-position four-way reversing valve, and the three-position four-way reversing valve is used for changing the flow direction of hydraulic oil.
3. The nanoparticle drying system of claim 1, wherein:
the feeding device further comprises a surrounding frame, wherein the surrounding frame comprises two baffles which are oppositely arranged, and the baffles are fixedly connected with the side parts of the turning plate and the rack; the baffle and the turning plate enclose a storage space.
4. A nanoparticle drying system as in claim 3, wherein:
the enclosing frame also comprises two connecting plates which are arranged at intervals relatively, and the two baffles are connected through the connecting plates;
and a blanking pipe is arranged below the storage cylinder and connected with the upper part of the enclosing frame.
5. The nanoparticle drying system of claim 1, wherein:
the drying device further comprises a blower and an air supply pipe, wherein the air supply pipe is communicated with the interior of the drying box, and the blower is communicated with the air supply pipe; the air supply pipe is spiral.
6. The nanoparticle drying system of claim 5, wherein:
the drying box is internally provided with a temperature sensor; the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the blower and the heater.
7. A nanoparticle dewatering method, characterized in that the nanoparticle drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is employed, comprising the steps of:
a. adjusting the system to an initial state; specifically, the relief valve is adjusted so that the supply pressure of the hydraulic system is between 0.5MPA and 1 MPA;
b. opening a feeding device, and putting part of nano particles in the storage cylinder into a hydraulic dehydrator through the feeding device;
c. after the dehydration device is filled with nano particles, the feeding device is closed, and the work material is stopped; starting a hydraulic system to enable the sliding plate to squeeze the nano particles; and dynamically adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic system; when the output pressure of the hydraulic system reaches the preset maximum pressure; switching a reversing valve of the hydraulic system to the middle-position pressure maintaining;
d. after pressure maintaining, reversing the reversing valve to enable the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to reversely move; and opens the receiving plate.
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| CN2131655Y (en) * | 1992-07-18 | 1993-05-05 | 刘沛文 | Powerful hydraulic lever wrench |
| CN103196476A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Displacement amplification device |
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| CN108341580A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-07-31 | 刘宝 | A kind of energy conservation and environmental protection sludge dewatering equipment |
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| CN2131655Y (en) * | 1992-07-18 | 1993-05-05 | 刘沛文 | Powerful hydraulic lever wrench |
| CN103196476A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Displacement amplification device |
| CN107553733A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-09 | 吴振明 | A kind of construction batching plant |
| CN107873970A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-06 | 建始惠万农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of straw feed dehydration device |
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