CN109276613A - 一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份。临床实验证明,本发明能够安全有效治疗急性胆囊炎。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,具体涉及一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药。
背景技术
急性胆囊炎是由于胆囊管阻塞和细菌侵袭而引起的胆囊炎症,为胆囊的常见病。在腹部外科中其发病率仅次于阑尾炎,本病多见于35~55岁的中年人,女性发病较男性为多,尤多见于肥胖且多次妊娠的妇女。常见并发症胆囊积水、白胆汁、石灰乳胆汁、瓷器样胆囊、胆囊穿孔、胆囊内瘘、肝脓肿。急性胆囊炎病症:不少患者在进油腻晚餐后半夜发病,因高脂饮食能使胆囊加强收缩,而平卧又易于小胆石滑入并嵌顿胆囊管。主要表现为右上腹持续性疼痛、阵发性加剧,可向右肩背放射;常伴发热、恶心呕吐,但寒战少见,黄疸轻。腹部检查发现右上腹饱满,胆囊区腹肌紧张、明显压痛、反跳痛。
本发明所涉及药材研究现状如下:
大黄 【来源】本品为蓼科植物掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄或药用大黄的干燥根及根茎。秋末茎叶枯萎或次春发芽前采挖,除去细根,刮去外皮,切瓣或段,绳穿成串干燥或直接干燥。【性味】苦,寒。【归经】归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。【功能主治】泻热通肠,凉血解毒,逐瘀通经。用于实热便秘,积滞腹痛,泻痢不爽,湿热黄疸,血热吐衄,目赤,咽肿,肠痈腹痛,痈肿疔疮,瘀血经闭,跌打损伤,外治水火烫伤;上消化道出血。酒大黄善清上焦血分热毒。用于目赤咽肿,齿龈肿痛。熟大黄泻下力缓,泻火解毒。用于火毒疮疡。大黄炭凉血化瘀止血。用于血热有瘀出血症。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3~30g。【注意】 孕妇慎用。【摘录】《中华本草》
金钱草【别名】大金钱草、对座草、路边黄、遍地黄、铜钱草、一串钱、寸骨七。【来源】本品为报春花科植物过路黄的干燥全草。夏、秋二季采收,除去杂质,晒干。【性味】甘、咸,微寒。【归经】归肝、胆、肾、膀胱经。【功能主治】清利湿热,通淋,消肿。用于热淋,沙淋,尿涩作痛,黄疸尿赤,痈肿疔疮,毒蛇咬伤;肝胆结石,尿路结石。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,15~60g。【注意】 凡阴疽诸毒,脾虚泄泻者,忌捣汁生服。【摘录】《中华本草》。
茵陈【别名】绵茵陈、茵陈蒿、白蒿、绒蒿、猴子毛。【来源】品为菊科植物滨蒿或茵陈蒿的干燥地上部分。春季幼苗高 6~10cm时采收或秋季花蕾长成时采割,除去杂质及老茎,晒干。春季采收的习称“绵茵陈”,秋季采割的称“茵陈蒿”。【性味】 苦、辛,微寒。【归经】归脾、胃、肝、胆经。【功能主治】清湿热,退黄疸。用于黄疸尿少,湿疮瘙痒;传染性黄疸型肝炎。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,6~15g。【摘录】《中华本草》。
栀子【别名】黄栀子、黄果树、山栀子、红枝子。【来源】本品为茜草科植物栀子的干燥成熟果实,其根也可入药。9~11 月果实成熟呈红黄色时采收,除去果梗及杂质,蒸至上汽或置沸水中略烫,取出,干燥。根夏秋采挖,洗净晒干。【性味】 苦,寒。【归经】 归心、肺、三焦经。【功能主治】 果实:泻火除烦,清热利尿,凉血解毒。用于热病心烦,黄疸尿赤,血淋涩痛,血热吐衄,目赤肿痛,火毒疮疡;外治扭挫伤痛。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,6~9g。【注意】脾虚便溏者忌服。【摘录】《中华本草》。
延胡索【别名】玄胡素、元胡、延胡。【来源】本品为罂粟科植物延胡索的干燥块茎。夏初茎叶枯萎时采挖,除去须根,洗净,置沸水中煮至恰无白心时,取出,晒干。【性味】 辛、苦,温。【归经】归肝、脾经。【功能主治】活血,利气,止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀阻,跌扑肿痛。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3-9g。【注意】 孕妇慎用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
黄芩【别名】 山茶根、黄芩茶、土金茶根。【来源】 本品为唇形科植物黄芩的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖,除去须根及泥沙,晒后撞去粗皮,晒干。【性味】苦,寒。【归经】 归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。【功能主治】清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3-9g。【注意】 山茱萸、龙骨为之使。恶葱实。畏丹砂、牡丹、藜芦。【摘录】《中华本草》。
木香【别名】 云木香、广木香。【 来源 】本品为菊科植物木香的干燥根。秋、冬二季采挖,除去泥沙及须根,切段,大的再纵剖成瓣,干燥后撞去粗皮。【性味】辛、苦,温。【归经】归脾、胃、大肠、三焦、胆经。【功能主治】 行气止痛,健脾消食。用于胸脘胀痛,泻痢后重,食积不消,不思饮食。煨木香实肠止泻。用于泄泻腹痛。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,1.5~6g。【注意】 阴虚津液不足者慎服。【摘录】《中华本草》。
柴胡【别名】地熏、茈胡,山菜、茹草,柴草。【来源】本品为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根。按性状不同,分别习称“北柴胡”及“南柴胡”。春、秋二季采挖,除去茎叶及泥沙,干燥。【性味】 苦,微寒。【归经】 归肝、胆经。【功能主治】和解表里,疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胸胁胀痛,月经不调,子官脱垂,脱肛。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3~9g。【注意】大叶柴胡的干燥根茎,表面密生环节,有毒,不可当柴胡用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
枳实【来源】本品为芸香科植物酸橙及其栽培变种或甜橙的干燥幼果。5~6月收集自落的果实,除去杂质,自中部横切为两半,晒干或低温干燥,较小者直接晒干或低温干燥。【性味】苦、辛、酸,温。【归经】归脾、胃经。【功能主治】破气消积,化痰散痞。用于积滞内停,痞满胀痛,泻痢后重,大便不通,痰滞气阻胸痹,结胸;胃下垂,脱肛,子宫脱垂。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3~9g。【注意】孕妇慎用。【摘录】《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,通过选择合适的药材及其配比,达到安全有效治愈急性胆囊炎的目的。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果:
1、一般资料
发明人2012年10月~2013年10月间共收集门诊及住院急性胆囊炎患者60例,随机分为治疗组40例与对照组20例,治疗组男20例,女20例,病程5~9天,平均年龄42.15岁;对照组男12例,女8例,病程3~8天,平均年龄38.25岁。2组性别、年龄及病程比较差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。
诊断标准
依据全国急性胆囊炎临床专业会议的诊断标准:(1)、发病急骤,右上腹疼痛,恶心,呕吐,可有高热或寒战。(2)、急性病容,可见黄疸,右上腹明显压痛,腹肌紧张,Murphy 征阳性,或可触及肿大的胆囊。(3)、血白细胞数和中性粒细胞比例增高,核左移或见中毒颗粒。(4)、B 超是诊断的主要依据,可显示胆囊肿大程度、积液、积脓、胆囊周围渗出性改变。
2、试验方法
2.1治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊剂,每日3次。疗程10天。
对照组口服金胆片,每次4片,每天3次口服,疗程10天。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1 疗效标准
疗效指数(n)一(疗前积分一疗后积分)/疗前积分× 100
临床治愈:症状、体征疗效指数大于90% ,血象正常,B超影像正常或明显改善者。
显效:症状、体征疗效指数大于75%,血象基本正常,B超胆囊影像明显改善或改善者。
有效:服症状、体征疗效指数大于50%,血象基本正常,B超影像有改善。
无效:症状、体征疗效指数小于50% ,血象、B超胆囊影像无改善者。
3.2 治疗结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
组别 | n | 临床控制 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 严重不良反应例 |
治疗组 | 40 | 10 | 21 | 7 | 2 | 95% | 0 |
对照组 | 20 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 90% | 0 |
可见,本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗急性胆囊炎,具有推广价值。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明,下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取:大黄5克、金钱草30克、茵陈15克、栀子9克、延胡索9克、黄芩9克、木香6克、柴胡6克、枳实9克;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120克,即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗急性胆囊炎。口服,每日分早午晚三次服用。
实施例2
称取:大黄5克、金钱草30克、茵陈15克、栀子9克、延胡索9克、黄芩9克、木香6克、柴胡6克、枳实9克;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗急性胆囊炎。口服,每日分早午晚三次服用。
实施例3
称取:大黄5克、金钱草30克、茵陈15克、栀子9克、延胡索9克、黄芩9克、木香6克、柴胡6克、枳实9克;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗急性胆囊炎。口服,每日分早午晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于急性胆囊炎的中药,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120份,即得煎剂;上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得散剂;上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗急性胆囊炎的中药,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:车大黄5份、金钱草30份、茵陈15份、栀子9份、延胡索9份、黄芩9份、木香6份、柴胡6份、枳实9份;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得胶囊剂;上述份均是指重量份。
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