CN109274163A - 用于给电动汽车充电的设备 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于给电动汽车充电的设备,该设备具有以下特征:该设备(10)包括充电桩(11)、直流线路(12)、整流器(13)、三相交流线路(14)、单相交流线路(15)以及冷却装置(16);这些直流线路(12)将这些充电桩(11)与这些整流器(13)电连接;这些三相交流线路(14)将这些整流器(13)与一个中间电压变压器(56)电连接;并且这些单相交流线路(15)将该中间电压变压器(56)与该冷却装置(16)电连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于给电动汽车充电的设备。
背景技术
在电子技术中,用于在无需取出能量储存器(如电动汽车的牵引电池)的情况下通过简单地置入或插入来向可移动的电池驱动的装置、机器或机动车辆供应能量的任何固定设备或者电子装置都称为充电站。用于电动汽车的充电站有时也被称为“加电站”并且可以包含多个充电点。
在此,尤其已知直流快速充电系统,如在欧洲推广的所谓组合充电系统(combinedcharging system,CCS)。在通用的直流充电下,来自充电桩的直流电直接被输入至车辆中,并在此通过电网的高效整流器或通过太阳能加电站的缓冲蓄能器提供直流电。在车辆中存在电池管理系统,该电池管理系统与充电桩通信,以便调整电流强度或在达到容量极限时终止该过程。
在此,功率电子器件通常位于充电桩中。由于充电桩的直流接线端直接与牵引电池的对应接线端相连接,所以能够以低损耗传输高充电电流,这可以实现短的充电时间,但也产生显著的废热。
还已知用于冷却电动车辆的充电系统的不同概念。DE102011082565A1例如公开了一种用于电池驱动的机动车辆的电力充电系统,该电力充电系统省去了将电池模块集成到车辆侧的冷却剂环路/制冷剂环路中,从而在需要时在充电过程期间仅经由机械接口在电池单元与外部冷却系统之间进行热交换。安置在外部冷却系统处的接触面(该接触面作为单独部件形成换热器的第二半部)应有助于将该外部系统更好地用作充电基础设施的一部分,其中可以服务于多个车辆。
US2014322570A涉及一种具有用外部电力充电的电池的电池装置、一种具有用于给电池充电的充电装置的与充电相关的装置、以及一种冷却剂装置,该冷却剂装置用于将用于冷却电池和充电装置的冷却剂引入电池装置和与充电相关的装置中。第一冷却剂装置应可以实现在第一状态与第二状态之间进行切换:在第一状态中,冷却剂被引入电池装置中;在第二状态中,冷却剂被引入与充电相关的装置中。
FR2978702A、US2009256523A以及US2011111269A讨论了其他的系统冷却设计。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种根据下述1所述的用于给电动汽车充电的设备。下述2-10为本发明的优选技术方案:
1.一种用于给电动汽车充电的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该设备(10)包括充电桩(11)、直流线路(12)、整流器(13)、三相交流线路(14)、单相交流线路(15)以及冷却装置(16),
-所述直流线路(12)将所述充电桩(11)与所述整流器(13)电连接,
-所述三相交流线路(14)将所述整流器(13)与一个中间电压变压器(56)电连接,并且
-所述单相交流线路(15)将该中间电压变压器(56)与该冷却装置(16)电连接。
2.根据上述1所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该设备(10)包括共用的初级冷却环路(47),并且
-该初级冷却环路(47)经由从该冷却装置(16)到所述充电桩(11)的供给路线(18)以及从所述整流器(13)到该冷却装置(16)的返回路线(17)在流体意义上将所述充电桩(11)、所述整流器(13)以及该冷却装置(16)相连接。
3.根据上述2所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该冷却装置(16)包括多个模块(19),
-每个模块(19)包括风机(20)、储箱(21)、泵(22)、冷却剂入口(27)以及冷却剂出口(28),
-该冷却剂入口(27)在流体意义上将相应的模块(19)与所述整流器(13)相连接,并且
-该冷却剂出口(28)在流体意义上将相应的模块(19)与所述充电桩(11)相连接。
4.根据上述3所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个模块(19)还包括带有总开关(24)的开关盒(23)、把手(25)以及电接线盒(26),并且
-该开关盒(23)和该接线盒(26)被安排在所述把手(25)之间。
5.根据上述3或4所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个模块(19)具有进气口(31)和出气口(32),并且
-该风机(20)在该模块(19)内被安排成使得该进气口(31)和该出气口(32)相互成直角。
6.根据上述1至5之一所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括次级冷却环路(33)、另外的泵(34)、换热器(35)、低电压源(36)以及补偿容器(46),
-该次级冷却环路(33)在流体意义上将该另外的泵(34)与该换热器(35)和该补偿容器(46)相连接,
-该换热器(35)在热学意义上将该初级冷却环路(47)与该次级冷却环路(33)相连接,并且
-该另外的泵(34)与该低电压源(36)电连接。
7.根据上述6所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括充电控制单元(37)、能量计数器(38)、电流传感器(39)、电压传感器(48)、第一高电压端子(40)、第二高电压端子(43)、缆线夹套(44)以及直流电压缆线(45),
-所述直流电压缆线(45)经由该充电控制单元(37)、该能量计数器(38)、该电流传感器(39)以及该电压传感器(48)将该第一高电压端子(40)与该第二高电压端子(43)相连接,并且
-该缆线夹套(44)将所述直流电压缆线(45)相互连接。
8.根据上述6或7所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括基座(41)、上部接线区域(42)以及下部接线区域(49),
-该第一高电压端子(40)安排在该下部接线区域(49)中,
-该第二高电压端子(43)安排在该上部接线区域(42)中,并且
-该基座(41)与该下部接线区域(49)相邻。
9.根据上述6至8之一所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括缆线引导框架(50)、显示装置(51)、黑色玻璃板、紧急断路器(53)、充电插头(54)以及壳体(55),
-该缆线引导框架(50)包围该壳体(55)和该黑色玻璃板,并且
-该黑色玻璃板承载该显示装置(51)。
10.根据上述6至9之一所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该次级冷却环路(33)包括非水相的冷却剂,并且
-该冷却剂包含油或合成的流体、优选氟氯烃。
这种解决方案的优点在于其集中化的液体冷却装置,该集中化的液体冷却装置实质性地简化了在极小的构造空间中部件和不同装备的几何形状和功能上的安排(包装,packaging)。由此,本发明可以实现可高度扩展的功率和在现场的灵活定位以及在安装时和使用中的显著的成本节约。
本发明的其他有利构型在从属专利权利要求中给出。因此,通过在用户互动区域中低噪声的且快速的充电过程可以实现高的用户接受度。在此,在可用性和冗余度方面,对应的实施方式没有落后于常规的解决方案并且在个别情况下甚至能够进行改进。
根据本发明的设计的其他技术优点包括冷却功率的可扩展性(Skalierbarkeit),其允许每次冷却至多达六个充电桩,以及通过使用简单的换热器而减小的充电桩自身的空间需求。
附图说明
本发明实施例在附图中示出并将在下文中加以详细说明。
图1示出所提出的系统及其接线的概览图。
图2示意性地示出根据本发明的冷却概念。
图3示出冷却装置的来自第一视角的视图。
图4示出冷却装置的来自第二视角的视图。
图5示出根据图3和图4的冷却装置的部分透明视图。
图6示出冷却模块的透视的部分截面图。
图7示出模块的后视图。
图8示出模块的侧视图。
图9示出模块的前视图。
图10示出模块的透视图。
图11示出模块的从下方的视图。
图12示出充电桩的部分截面图。
图13示出根据图12的充电桩的部分透明视图。
具体实施方式
图1展示了根据本发明的设备(10)的构造,该设备具有:充电桩(11)、直流线路(12)、整流器(13)、三相交流线路(14)、单相交流线路(15)以及中央冷却装置(16)。在此,例如设计用于800V的直流线路(12)将充电桩(11)与整流器(13)相连接,充电桩从具有配电板的中间电压变压器(56)经由三相交流线路(14)对这些整流器自身进行馈送——例如以480V的电压。此外,该中间电压变压器进而借助于常规的单相交流线路(15)与该冷却装置(16)相连接并给该冷却装置供应常规的低电压。在此,在流体意义上,设备(10)包括共用的初级冷却环路(47),该初级冷却环路经由从冷却装置通向充电桩(11)的供给路线(18)和从整流器(13)通向冷却装置(16)的返回路线(17)将充电桩(11)、整流器(13)以及冷却装置(16)相连接。
图2借助于电路框图展示了这种冷却装置(16)的构造。在此可看到多个模块(19),这些模块相应地包括风机(20)、储箱(21)、泵(22)以及冷却剂入口(27)和冷却剂出口(28),该冷却剂入口和该冷却剂出口在流体意义上将相应的模块(19)与整流器(13)或充电桩(11)相连接。在此,安排在泵(22)与冷却剂出口(28)之间的压力计(29)允许精确的压力调节。
图3和图4再现了来自使用者视角的、处于关闭状态下的此类模块化构造的冷却装置(16),而根据图5的半透明的图示提供了向该冷却装置的壳体中的视图。该壳体容纳至少一个模块(19)并且使得能够看到其带有总开关(24)的开关盒(23)和把手(25)以及电接线盒(26),该电接线盒和开关盒(23)一样是可以很好地触及的并且由此便于维护地安排在这两侧的把手(25)之间。
图6至图11从不同视角展示了模块(19)自身的构造特征。如尤其图11所展示地,该模块的风机(20)在模块(19)内被安排成使得进气口(31)和出气口(32)相互成直角。图7至图9使得还能够看到用于膨胀箱和冷凝水的在底部附近的溢流口(30)。
图12展示了充电桩(11)的构造,该充电桩自身包括次级冷却环路(33)、另外的泵(34)、换热器(35)、低电压源(36)以及补偿容器(46)。在此,用油、氟氯烃(FCKW)或其他非水相的冷却剂填充的次级冷却环路(33)在流体意义上将由低电压源(36)馈送的泵(34)与补偿容器(46)和换热器(35)相联接,该换热器进而在热学意义上将初级冷却环路(47)与次级冷却环路(33)相联接。根据附图,充电桩(11)还具有充电控制单元(37)、用于测量直流电消耗的能量计数器(38)、电流传感器(39)、电压传感器(48)、两个高电压端子(40,43)、缆线夹套(44)以及直流电压缆线(45),这些直流电压缆线经由充电控制单元(37)、能量计数器(38)、电流传感器(39)和电压传感器(48)将第一高电压端子(40)与第二高电压端子(43)相连接并且自身通过缆线夹套(44)相互固定。在此,上部接线区域容纳第二高电压端子(43),而位于充电桩(11)的钢基座(41)正上方的该充电桩的下部接线区域具有第一高电压端子(40)。
图13将观察者的注意力引向了充电桩(11)的外观,该充电桩的由铝挤压型材制造的壳体(55)被呈铝复合板的构型的缆线引导框架(50)所包围。为此,仅充电桩的CCS充电插头(54)、与之相邻的紧急断路器(53)以及25.4cm的显示装置(51)是可从外部触及的,该显示装置是由黑色玻璃板承载的。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于给电动汽车充电的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该设备(10)包括充电桩(11)、直流线路(12)、整流器(13)、三相交流线路(14)、单相交流线路(15)以及冷却装置(16),
-所述直流线路(12)将所述充电桩(11)与所述整流器(13)电连接,
-所述三相交流线路(14)将所述整流器(13)与一个中间电压变压器(56)电连接,并且
-所述单相交流线路(15)将该中间电压变压器(56)与该冷却装置(16)电连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该设备(10)包括共用的初级冷却环路(47),并且
-该初级冷却环路(47)经由从该冷却装置(16)到所述充电桩(11)的供给路线(18)以及从所述整流器(13)到该冷却装置(16)的返回路线(17)在流体意义上将所述充电桩(11)、所述整流器(13)以及该冷却装置(16)相连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该冷却装置(16)包括多个模块(19),
-每个模块(19)包括风机(20)、储箱(21)、泵(22)、冷却剂入口(27)以及冷却剂出口(28),
-该冷却剂入口(27)在流体意义上将相应的模块(19)与所述整流器(13)相连接,并且
-该冷却剂出口(28)在流体意义上将相应的模块(19)与所述充电桩(11)相连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个模块(19)还包括带有总开关(24)的开关盒(23)、把手(25)以及电接线盒(26),并且
-该开关盒(23)和该接线盒(26)被安排在所述把手(25)之间。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个模块(19)具有进气口(31)和出气口(32),并且
-该风机(20)在该模块(19)内被安排成使得该进气口(31)和该出气口(32)相互成直角。
6.根据权利要求2至4之一所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括次级冷却环路(33)、另外的泵(34)、换热器(35)、低电压源(36)以及补偿容器(46),
-该次级冷却环路(33)在流体意义上将该另外的泵(34)与该换热器(35)和该补偿容器(46)相连接,
-该换热器(35)在热学意义上将该初级冷却环路(47)与该次级冷却环路(33)相连接,并且
-该另外的泵(34)与该低电压源(36)电连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括充电控制单元(37)、能量计数器(38)、电流传感器(39)、电压传感器(48)、第一高电压端子(40)、第二高电压端子(43)、缆线夹套(44)以及直流电压缆线(45),
-所述直流电压缆线(45)经由该充电控制单元(37)、该能量计数器(38)、该电流传感器(39)以及该电压传感器(48)将该第一高电压端子(40)与该第二高电压端子(43)相连接,并且
-该缆线夹套(44)将所述直流电压缆线(45)相互连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括基座(41)、上部接线区域(42)以及下部接线区域(49),
-该第一高电压端子(40)安排在该下部接线区域(49)中,
-该第二高电压端子(43)安排在该上部接线区域(42)中,并且
-该基座(41)与该下部接线区域(49)相邻。
9.根据权利要求6所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-每个充电桩(11)包括缆线引导框架(50)、显示装置(51)、黑色玻璃板、紧急断路器(53)、充电插头(54)以及壳体(55),
-该缆线引导框架(50)包围该壳体(55)和该黑色玻璃板,并且
-该黑色玻璃板承载该显示装置(51)。
10.根据权利要求6所述的设备(10),
其特征在于:
-该次级冷却环路(33)包括非水相的冷却剂,并且
-该冷却剂包含油或合成的流体、优选氟氯烃。
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN111483337A (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-04 | 保时捷股份公司 | 冷却给电驱动机动车充电的充电桩系统的冷却系统和方法 |
CN115133175A (zh) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-30 | 中汇智想武汉新能源有限公司 | 一种新能源汽车充电桩设备 |
CN115133175B (zh) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 中汇智想武汉新能源有限公司 | 一种新能源汽车充电桩设备 |
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