CN109272835A - Thermo-electric generation experimental provision - Google Patents
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision Download PDFInfo
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- CN109272835A CN109272835A CN201811402199.5A CN201811402199A CN109272835A CN 109272835 A CN109272835 A CN 109272835A CN 201811402199 A CN201811402199 A CN 201811402199A CN 109272835 A CN109272835 A CN 109272835A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of thermo-electric generation experimental provisions, from the bottom to top successively include: heating device, thermoelectric cell and Water-cooling circulating device.Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, it is accurately controlled using the temperature of temperature probe, temp controlled meter and solid-state relay to the upper and lower two sides of thermoelectric generation film, make the temperature of the upper and lower two sides of thermoelectric generation film keep stablizing, reduces heat dissipation, improve measurement accuracy.Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention maintains the cold end low temperature of thermoelectric generation film constant by water-cooling circulating system, and the temperature for reducing thermoelectric power generation by heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos material is scattered and disappeared.Experimental provision quick heating, differential temperature survey is accurate, and the teaching for being suitable for Experiment of College Physics uses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermoelectric generation field, in particular to a kind of thermo-electric generation experimental provision.
Background technique
Thermo-electric generation is a kind of technology using heat energy power-generating, thermal energy can be converted into electric energy.It is sent out with mainstream
Electric mode is different, thermo-electric generation no waste discharge, noiseless, safe and reliable stabilization, be a kind of progresss thermal energy recycling with
The mode of recycling.But for a long time, the application of thermoelectric generation is confined to always high-tech and military, space industry.
In current college physical experiment teaching, structure is complicated for existing experimental provision, cumbersome, is unfavorable for student
It observes thermo-electric generation phenomenon and grasps the basic principle of thermo-electric generation.So far never one kind occur can understand, intuitively
Show the experimental provision of thermo-electric generation basic principle.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves in the prior art the technical issues of, it is basic to provide a kind of clear, intuitive performance thermo-electric generation
The thermo-electric generation experimental provision of principle.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical solution of the present invention is specific as follows:
A kind of thermo-electric generation experimental provision successively includes: heating device, thermoelectric cell and Water-cooling circulating dress from the bottom to top
It sets；
The heating device includes: heater body, and the first temperature probe of the heater body upper surface is arranged in, with institute
State the first temp controlled meter that the first temperature probe is connected, and the solid-state relay being connected with first temp controlled meter；It is described
Heater body can heat up at work, and first temperature probe can detecte the temperature of the heater body upper surface, institute
The temperature that first temperature probe detects can be shown by stating the first temp controlled meter；The solid-state relay can be according to first temperature
The temperature that control table is shown controls the heater body starting and/or stops working；
The thermoelectric cell includes: thermoelectric generation film, and the first aluminum heat conducting plate of the thermoelectric generation film lower surface is arranged in,
Second aluminum heat conducting plate of the thermoelectric generation film upper surface is set, and is arranged in first aluminum heat conducting plate and the heating
Slot insulating layer around ontology；The thermoelectric generation film can on it, lower surface export electric current, the slot when having temperature difference
Insulating layer can keep the temperature first aluminum heat conducting plate and the heater body；
The Water-cooling circulating device includes: closed water-cooled block, and the second temperature control that the water-cooled block lower surface is arranged in is visited
Head, the second temp controlled meter and water pump being connected with second temperature probe；The water pump can make the water in the water-cooled block
Cold liquid recycle stream is dynamic, and second temperature probe can detecte the temperature of the water-cooled block lower surface, and second temp controlled meter can
Show the temperature that second temperature probe detects；
The thermo-electric generation experimental provision further includes clamping device, and the clamping device can lead the heater body, first
Hot aluminium sheet, the thermoelectric generation film, the second aluminum heat conducting plate and the water-cooled block are clipped together.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the thermoelectric generation film is F40550 or SP1848-27145 model.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the thickness of first aluminum heat conducting plate and second aluminum heat conducting plate is respectively 3mm.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, thermal conductive silicon is equipped between first aluminum heat conducting plate and the heater body upper surface
Rouge；Heat-conducting silicone grease is equipped between second aluminum heat conducting plate and the water-cooled block lower surface.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the heater body is electric boiling plate.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, first temp controlled meter and second temp controlled meter are respectively that intelligent digital temperature is adjusted
Instrument.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the slot insulating layer is heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos material.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the clamping device is bakelite plate material.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the power supply circuit of the heater body is equipped with potential device and ammeter, the change
Pressure device adjusts the operating voltage of the heater body and then adjusts heater body electric current, shows current values with ammeter.
The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, using temperature probe, temp controlled meter and solid-state relay to thermoelectric generation film
The temperature of upper and lower two sides is accurately controlled, and is made the temperature of the upper and lower two sides of thermoelectric generation film keep stablizing, is reduced heat dissipation,
Improve measurement accuracy.
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention maintains the cold end low temperature of thermoelectric generation film permanent by water-cooling circulating system
Fixed, the temperature for reducing thermoelectric power generation by heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos material is scattered and disappeared.Experimental provision quick heating, differential temperature survey
Accurately, the teaching for being suitable for Experiment of College Physics uses.
Detailed description of the invention
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention.
Appended drawing reference in figure indicates are as follows:
1- heating device；2- thermoelectric cell；3- Water-cooling circulating device；The first temperature probe of 11-；The first temp controlled meter of 12-；
13- solid-state relay；14- heater body；The first aluminum heat conducting plate of 21-；22- thermoelectric generation film；The second aluminum heat conducting plate of 23-；24- is inserted
Slot insulating layer；The second temperature probe of 31-；The second temp controlled meter of 32-；33- water pump；34- water-cooled block.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention successively includes: heating device 1, the temperature difference from the bottom to top
Battery 2 and Water-cooling circulating device 3；Wherein:
Heating device 1 includes: heater body 14, is electric boiling plate；First temperature control of electric boiling plate upper surface is set
Probe 11；The first temp controlled meter 12 being connected with the first temperature probe 11；And the solid-state being connected with the first temp controlled meter 12 after
Electric appliance 13.Electric boiling plate can heat up when starting work, and the first temperature probe 11 can detecte the temperature of electric boiling plate upper surface
Degree, the first temp controlled meter 12 can receive the temperature signal that the first temperature probe 11 detects；First temp controlled meter 12 can be according to described
The temperature that one temperature probe 11 detects controls the starting of solid-state relay 13 and/or stops working, and then controls heating originally
Body 14 starts and/or stops working.As shown in Figure 1, the power supply circuit of heater body 14 is equipped with pressure regulator and ammeter, the tune
Depressor can adjust the operating voltage of heater body 14, so that the current values that ammeter is shown are adjusted, because of electric current when preventing from heating
It is excessive or too small and keep heating temperature unstable, uneven.
Thermoelectric cell 2 includes: thermoelectric generation film 22, and the first aluminum heat conducting plate 21 of 22 lower surface of thermoelectric generation film is arranged in,
Second aluminum heat conducting plate 23 of 22 upper surface of thermoelectric generation film, and setting are set in the first aluminum heat conducting plate 21 and electric boiling plate week
The slot insulating layer 24 enclosed；Thermoelectric generation film 22 can on it, lower surface export electric current when having temperature difference, slot insulating layer 24 can
First aluminum heat conducting plate 21 and electric boiling plate are kept the temperature；Slot insulating layer 24 is heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos material.
Water-cooling circulating device 3 includes: closed water-cooled block 34, and the second temperature probe of 34 lower surface of water-cooled block is arranged in
31, the second temp controlled meter 32 being connected with the second temperature probe 31, water pump 33, and the water tank being connected to water pump 33；Water tank and
Water cooling liquid is filled in water-cooled block 34 respectively, water pump 33 can make the water cooling liquid recycle stream in water tank and water-cooled block 34 dynamic, the second temperature control
Probe 31 can detecte the temperature of 34 lower surface of water-cooled block, and the second temp controlled meter 32 can show the temperature that the second temperature probe 31 detects
Degree.
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention further includes clamping device, not shown in figures, which is
Heater body 14 can be electric boiling plate, the first aluminum heat conducting plate 21, thermoelectric generation film 22, the second heat conduction aluminum by bakelite plate material
Plate 23 and water-cooled block 34 are clipped together；So that the first aluminum heat conducting plate 21 is in close contact with electric boiling plate upper surface, second is thermally conductive
The lower surface of aluminium sheet 23 and water-cooled block 34 is in close contact.
The thickness of first aluminum heat conducting plate 21 and the second aluminum heat conducting plate 23 is respectively 3mm.First aluminum heat conducting plate 21 and electric heating
Between plate upper surface, between 34 lower surface of the second aluminum heat conducting plate 23 and water-cooled block, being respectively equipped with heat-conducting silicone grease, (heat transfer coefficient is big
In 0.965).First temp controlled meter 12 and the second temp controlled meter 32 are respectively intelligent digital humidostat.Thermoelectric generation film 22 is
The thermoelectric generation film of F40550 model.In other specific embodiments, thermoelectric generation film 22 can also use SP1848-
The thermoelectric generation film of 27145 models.
Heater body in thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, using electric boiling plate as heating device.The electricity adds
Hot plate has the characteristics that constant temperature warming, the flames of anger, heat to electricity conversion rate is high, is influenced small, natural life-span length by supply voltage.Electric heating
Plate has different contour structures and different size, and experimental provision of the invention uses rectangular according to the actual situation, and highest can provide
The temperature of 600K or more.
The present invention using the different degree of electrical generation of two kinds of models thermoelectric generation film, due to the hot face ceramics of thermoelectric generation film and
Apart from very little between huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) ceramics, in order to fix thermoelectric generation film and reduce the heat transmitting of cold and hot surface, the present invention is sent out in the temperature difference
The cool and heat ends of electric piece add one piece of aluminum heat conducting plate respectively, are reaching the hot and cold face of thermoelectric generation film by the heat that aluminium sheet transmits
When temperature can be relatively uniform.
In thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, for the Water-cooling circulating device that radiates for thermoelectric power generation device extremely
It closes important.Thermoelectric cell is in work operation, and heat leads to heat transfer and is transmitted to another surface, and the accumulation of heat leads to cold end temperature
Degree increases, and consequence is to reduce the temperature difference at cold and hot both ends, directly affects generating efficiency.Therefore, relatively low in order to obtain cold end
The environment of temperature, it is necessary to which the heat that hot end passes over timely is emitted.Temperature of the cold side of the power generation uses in this experiment
Water-cooling circulating device is cooled down, and circulates coolant liquid by water pump to reduce cold junction temperature.
In thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, a temperature probe is placed at the hot and cold both ends of thermoelectric generation film respectively,
Wherein, the temperature value of heating device is transmitted to the first temp controlled meter as input signal by first temperature probe in hot end, and then
The control solid-state relay work of one temp controlled meter, and then determine degree of the opening (duty ratio, to maintain to add of required heater circuit
Thermal modules are in the temperature of setting).The temperature of cold end is fed back by second temperature probe to the second temp controlled meter, i.e. intelligent digital temperature
It spends on instrument.The hot-side temperature of display is made the difference with cold junction temperature, as the temperature difference at power generation sheet both ends.The present invention utilizes two temperature controls
Probe realizes the differential temperature survey at the hot and cold both ends of thermoelectric generation film and the temperature difference controls.
In thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, the hot end of thermoelectric generation film is placed on aluminum heat conducting plate by electric boiling plate
Then face, which heat, carries out what heat transmitting was heated by aluminum heat conducting plate.And electric boiling plate can be radiated around, not adopted
If taking Insulation, the thermal loss of this part of electric boiling plate heat radiation can be very big, and the heat that thermoelectric generation film obtains will
Very little.So just can guarantee that heat is most of by thermoelectric power generation plus insulating layer in electric boiling plate and aluminum heat conducting plate periphery
It uses.The slot insulating layer that the present invention uses is the dedicated heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos of semiconductor chilling plate.Specific design is in heat-insulated guarantor
A slot is dug out on chrysotile, and the electric boiling plate as heater is adequately embedded in centre.
The present invention using bakelite plate as clamping device by electric boiling plate, the first aluminum heat conducting plate, thermoelectric generation film, second leads
Hot aluminium sheet and water-cooled block are clipped together.Clamping device can also make heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos tightly be coated on the first aluminum heat conducting plate and electricity
The periphery of heating plate；Clamping device can make electric boiling plate, the first aluminum heat conducting plate, thermoelectric generation film, the second aluminum heat conducting plate and water
Cold piece of close contact, mutual heat transmitting are good.
The experimentation of thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention is as follows:
Rheostat (pressure regulator), ammeter, voltmeter are accessed into circuit, measuring circuit is constituted, by measuring the different temperature difference
Open-circuit voltage, short circuit current and C-V characteristic of the power generation sheet under several temperature difference conditions, to study the performance of thermoelectric cell.Specifically
Operating procedure is as follows:
Step 1 powers on, and target temperature difference is arranged, and adjusts heating voltage, begins to warm up.It, will in waiting heating process
Thermoelectric cell output end and single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), ammeter are connected.When the temperature difference reaches predetermined value, switch, measurement short circuit are connected
Electric current.After pointer is stablized, record current value.
Step 2, by thermoelectric cell output end and single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), voltmeter is connected.When the temperature difference reaches predetermined value, connect
Pass is opened up, open-circuit voltage is measured.After pointer is stablized, recording voltage value.
Step 3, by thermoelectric cell output end and single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), ammeter, variable rheostat series connection, by voltmeter and variable resistance
Case is in parallel, constitutes circuit.When the temperature difference reaches predetermined value, adjusting variable rheostat resistance value is 1 Ω, switch is connected, when ammeter and electricity
After pressing list index to stablize, record current value and voltage value.
Step 4 changes variable rheostat resistance value, repeats step 3, records corresponding current value and voltage value, and draw corresponding volt-ampere
Characteristic curve and output power curve.
In the case where concluding that load is certain by analysis electric current and voltage curve, with thermoelectric generation film both ends
The expansion of the temperature difference, load voltage is increasing, and the trend that broken line rises is much like, after load is more than 1000 Ω, rises
Trend reduces, and voltage approaches maximum value.In the case that temperature is certain, with the raising of load, the voltage for loading both ends is increased, this
It is the embodiment of Ohm's law, does not do excessive elaboration herein.When one timing of load, with the expansion of thermoelectric generation film temperature difference between the two ends,
Increased by the electric current of load, i.e., the electric current in circuit also increases.When one timing of the temperature difference, according to Ohm's law, electric current is with resistance
It increases and reduces.
According to current curve diagram and voltage curve, according to P=U*I (power=voltage * electric current), it can be deduced that two kinds of temperature
The load resistance voltage effects curve of poor power generation sheet.Under conditions of the temperature difference is certain, power is fallen after rising, and thermoelectric generation film is about
In 8~12 Ω load resistance, power reaches maximum value.Thus, it is possible to estimate, the internal resistance of thermoelectric generation film is about 8~
12Ω.When loading equal with the internal resistance of source, bearing power is maximum.This is because:
If electromotive force of source is E, internal resistance r, load as R, then:
Due to(only taking equal sign as r=R),
So:Delivery efficiency
Then it obtains, when R=r, the output power of power supply is maximum.
This is because from the point of view of mathematical angle:R is constant, and the right is in equation for institute
One about R to hook function；Obviously work as R2=r2, i.e. the right is minimum when R=r,
When one timing of load is increased, i.e., in circuit with the expansion of thermoelectric generation film temperature difference between the two ends by the electric current of load
Electric current also increase.When one timing of the temperature difference, according to Ohm's law, electric current increases with resistance and is reduced, when load and the internal resistance of source
When equal, bearing power is maximum.
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention, using temperature probe, temp controlled meter and solid-state relay to thermoelectric generation film
The temperature of upper and lower two sides is accurately controlled, and is made the temperature of the upper and lower two sides of thermoelectric generation film keep stablizing, is reduced heat dissipation,
Improve measurement accuracy.
Thermo-electric generation experimental provision of the invention maintains the cold end low temperature of thermoelectric generation film permanent by water-cooling circulating system
Fixed, the temperature for reducing thermoelectric power generation by heat-insulation and heat-preservation asbestos material is scattered and disappeared.Experimental provision quick heating, differential temperature survey
Accurately, the teaching for being suitable for Experiment of College Physics uses.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of thermo-electric generation experimental provision, which is characterized in that from the bottom to top successively include: heating device (1), thermoelectric cell
(2) and Water-cooling circulating device (3)；
The heating device (1) includes: heater body (14), and the first temperature control in the heater body (14) upper surface is arranged and visits
Head (11), the first temp controlled meter (12) being connected with first temperature probe (11), and with first temp controlled meter (12)
The solid-state relay (13) being connected；The heater body (14) can be heated up at work, first temperature probe (11)
It can detecte the temperature of the heater body (14) upper surface, first temp controlled meter (12) can receive first temperature probe
(11) temperature signal detected；The temperature that first temp controlled meter (12) can be detected according to first temperature probe (11)
It controls the solid-state relay (13) starting and/or stops working, and then control heater body (14) starting and/or stop
Work；
The thermoelectric cell (2) includes: thermoelectric generation film (22), and setting is led the first of the thermoelectric generation film (22) lower surface
The second aluminum heat conducting plate (23) in the thermoelectric generation film (22) upper surface, and setting is arranged described the in hot aluminium sheet (21)
Slot insulating layer (24) around one aluminum heat conducting plate (21) and the heater body (14)；The thermoelectric generation film (22) can be at it
Upper and lower surfaces export electric current when having temperature difference, the slot insulating layer (24) can be to first aluminum heat conducting plate (21) and described
Heater body (14) is kept the temperature；
The Water-cooling circulating device (3) includes: closed water-cooled block (34), is arranged the second of the water-cooled block (34) lower surface
Temperature probe (31), the second temp controlled meter (32) and water pump (33) being connected with second temperature probe (31)；The water
Pump (33) can make the water cooling liquid recycle stream in the water-cooled block (34) dynamic, and second temperature probe (31) can detecte the water
The temperature of cold piece of (34) lower surface, second temp controlled meter (32) can show the temperature that second temperature probe (31) is detected
Degree；
The thermo-electric generation experimental provision further includes clamping device, and the clamping device can lead the heater body (14), first
Hot aluminium sheet (21), the thermoelectric generation film (22), the second aluminum heat conducting plate (23) and the water-cooled block (34) are clipped together.
2. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermoelectric generation film (22) is
F40550 or SP1848-27145 model.
3. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first aluminum heat conducting plate (21) and institute
The thickness for stating the second aluminum heat conducting plate (23) is respectively 3mm.
4. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first aluminum heat conducting plate (21) and institute
State between heater body (14) upper surface, the lower surfaces of first aluminum heat conducting plate (21) and the thermoelectric generation film (22) it
Between, between second aluminum heat conducting plate (23) and the water-cooled block (34) lower surface, second aluminum heat conducting plate (23) with it is described
Between the upper surface of thermoelectric generation film (22), it is respectively equipped with heat-conducting silicone grease.
5. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heater body (14) is electric heating
Plate.
6. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first temp controlled meter (12) and described
Second temp controlled meter (32) is respectively intelligent digital humidostat.
7. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slot insulating layer (24) is heat-insulated
Keep the temperature asbestos material.
8. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clamping device is bakelite plate
Material.
9. thermo-electric generation experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power supply electricity of the heater body (14)
It is equipped with potential device and ammeter on the road, the potential device, which adjusts the operating voltage of the heater body (14) and then adjusts, to be added
Hot ontology electric current shows current values with ammeter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811402199.5A CN109272835A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Thermo-electric generation experimental provision |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811402199.5A CN109272835A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Thermo-electric generation experimental provision |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109272835A true CN109272835A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
Family
ID=65191317
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811402199.5A Pending CN109272835A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Thermo-electric generation experimental provision |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110164267A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-23 | 湖南第一师范学院 | A kind of teaching thermo-electric generation demonstrator |
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| CN205232067U (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-11 | 西华大学 | Control by temperature change formula thermoelectric generation testing system |
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| CN108832847A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-16 | 肇庆高新区国专科技有限公司 | A kind of thermo-electric generation system |
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| CN202694645U (en) * | 2012-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 北京工业大学 | Positive and reverse seebeck effect experiment instrument |
| CN204669251U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-23 | 佳木斯大学 | Intelligent semi-conductor temperature difference electricity generation device |
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| CN110164267B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-27 | 湖南第一师范学院 | Thermoelectric generation demonstration instrument for teaching |
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Application publication date: 20190125 |