CN109270092A - A kind of system and method using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow - Google Patents
A kind of system and method using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN109270092A CN109270092A CN201811319934.6A CN201811319934A CN109270092A CN 109270092 A CN109270092 A CN 109270092A CN 201811319934 A CN201811319934 A CN 201811319934A CN 109270092 A CN109270092 A CN 109270092A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20066—Measuring inelastic scatter of gamma rays, e.g. Compton effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials by using a combination of at least two measurements at least one being a transmission measurement and one a scatter measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/045—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation combination of at least 2 measurements (transmission and scatter)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/05—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by diffraction, scatter or reflection
- G01N2223/063—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by diffraction, scatter or reflection inelastic scatter, e.g. Compton effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1013—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation gamma
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/635—Specific applications or type of materials fluids, granulates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of system and methods using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, and system of the invention includes gamma-rays radioactive source, gamma-ray detection system, data collection system and controller；Gamma-ray detection system includes transmission detectors and scattering detector；Gamma-rays radioactive source is installed on pipeline, transmission detectors be located at on the pipeline of gamma-rays radioactive source diametrically opposite position；Scattering detector is distributed on measured pipeline；Gamma-rays radioactive source and gamma-ray detection system are connect with controller, and gamma-ray detection system is connect by data collection system with controller.Compton effect of the low-energyγ-ray and material effect principle and gamma-rays generated using gamma-rays radioactive source in transmission process between photon, multi beam gamma-rays is generated in being measured pipeline, under conditions of gas-liquid two-phase coexists in being measured pipeline, the void fraction being measured in pipeline is measured；Reduce the requirement of shielding, realizes multi beam configuration, and convection dependence is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biphase gas and liquid flow void fraction fields of measurement, and in particular to a kind of to measure gas-liquid using low-energyγ-ray
The system and method for void fraction in two phase flow.
Background technique
Two phase flow is widely present in each industrial circle such as chemical industry, metallurgy, energy.In all kinds of two phase flows, gas-liquid two-phase
Stream be it is most universal simultaneously and most complicated, void fraction is the important parameter of biphase gas and liquid flow, is in the research of two phase flow
Critical role.
The measurement method and its disadvantage for several biphase gas and liquid flow void fractions that the prior art is recorded are as follows:
Biphase gas and liquid flow void fraction is measured using resonating sound spectrum method.This method is surveyed according to resonance acoustic spectroscopy principle by experiment
The resonance acoustic spectroscopy for measuring cylinder resonant cavity in gas-liquid two-phase medium has obtained different void fractions to the amplitude of resonance acoustic spectroscopy and resonance frequency
The quantitative effect of rate, during on-site test, the actual margin and actual resonance frequency of resonance acoustic spectroscopy, you can learn that accordingly
Two phase flow void fraction.But the method based on resonance acoustic spectroscopy principle measurement two phase flow void fraction, in measurement process, water is listened
Device must be placed in the two phase flow in pipeline, detect for contact, and such detection mode will affect fluids within pipes flowing, and
It is unable to measure the fluid with radiativity.
Two phase flow void fraction is measured based on High Speed Photography.High Speed Photography is in transparent to be measured section containing two phase flow
On, high speed intake photo directly calculates gassiness then according to the bubbles number and bubble radius size shown on photo first
Rate.But in High Speed Photography, light can generate a variety of reflections or refraction between two phase flow phase interface complicated and changeable, greatly
Affect the clarity of imaging.In addition, the amount of image information of High Speed Photography acquisition is excessive, to the meter of later period two phase flow void fraction
Calculation brings great difficulty, or even is difficult to that it is effectively analyzed and handled.
Rapid closing stop valve method measures two phase flow void fraction.Rapid closing stop valve method is to install two cut-offs to be measured section of both ends
Valve, and two valves simultaneously operation, in measurement process, two shut-off valves of quick closedown simultaneously first, be then sufficiently separated in
The two-phase fluid in portion, then the height of liquid level is measured, according to be measured section of total volume size, calculate two phase flow void fraction.But quickly
Shut-off valve method will temporarily stop the proper flow of two-phase fluid in pipeline in measurement, it is difficult to realize the real-time of two phase flow void fraction
Monitoring.
Based on the method for single beam gamma-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow void fraction, when working principle is that gamma-rays passes through fluid,
Its amplitude can decay, and attenuation degree is related to two phase flow void fraction, by detecting the attenuation degree of gamma-rays amplitude, i.e.,
It can be seen that the void fraction of corresponding two phase flow.But the method based on single beam gamma-ray measurement two phase flow void fraction has used height
Can gamma-rays and PMT detector, measured void fraction precision influenced by flow pattern it is very big, in addition, this method to requirement of shelter compared with
It is high.
In conclusion the measurement method of existing biphase gas and liquid flow void fraction all has many defects, therefore one kind need to be developed
New measuring method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of using low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow in void fraction system and
Method, solve void fraction precision measured by the method based on single beam gamma-ray measurement two phase flow void fraction is influenced very by flow pattern
Greatly and to the higher problem of requirement of shelter.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of system using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, including gamma-rays radioactive source, γ are penetrated
Line detection system, data collection system and controller, gamma-rays radioactive source is for generating low-energyγ-ray, gamma-ray detection system
For detecting the gamma-rays of decaying, data collection system is for acquiring data；
Gamma-rays radioactive source and gamma-ray detection system are connect with controller, and gamma-ray detection system is acquired by data
System is connect with controller；
Gamma-ray detection system includes transmission detectors and scattering detector；
Gamma-rays radioactive source is installed on measured pipeline, and transmission detectors are located at and gamma-rays radioactive source diametrically position
On the measured pipeline set；
Scattering detector is one or more, is distributed on measured pipeline.
Further, gamma-rays radioactive source and gamma-ray detection system are installed in measured inner wall of the pipe.
Further, it when scattering detector is multiple, is uniformly distributed in measured inner wall of the pipe.
Further, groove, gamma-rays radioactive source and the installation of gamma-ray detection system are opened up on the outer wall for being measured pipeline
In in groove.
Further, it when scattering detector is multiple, is uniformly distributed in the groove of measured pipeline.
Further, transmission detectors are compact transmission detectors, and scattering detector is compact scattering detector.
Further, the model Geiger tube 712 of compact transmission detectors, the model Geiger of compact scattering detector
Pipe 712.
Using the method for void fraction in system measurement biphase gas and liquid flow of the present invention, include the following steps:
1) controller control gamma-rays radioactive source and gamma-ray detection system work at the same time, gamma-rays radioactive source to be measured
Gas-liquid two-phase fluid in pipeline radiates multi beam low-energyγ-ray, and transmission detectors and scattering detector are detected simultaneously by decaying
Low-energyγ-ray amplitude；
2) after the data that data collection system acquisition gamma-ray detection system monitoring arrives, collected data are sent to control
Device processed, controller obtain the void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow by the attenuation degree of detection low-energyγ-ray amplitude.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
System disclosed by the invention using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, is radiated using gamma-rays
Compton effect of the low-energyγ-ray and gas-liquid two-phase fluid action principle and gamma-rays that source generates in transmission process between photon
It answers, multi beam gamma-rays is generated in being measured pipeline, under conditions of gas-liquid two-phase coexists in being measured pipeline, measurement is measured
Void fraction in pipeline；Gamma-rays radioactive source generates the multi beam gamma-rays of low energy, and harm to the human body is small, can not have to when use increase
Add very high safeguard procedures；Gamma-ray detection system includes transmission detectors and scattering detector, and transmission detectors detection is along pipe
The ray of diameter straight, scattering detector detect the ray circumferentially scattered, gamma-rays and scattering after being detected simultaneously by decaying
Beam,gamma-ray.The invention belongs to non-invasive measurements, do not influence on the proper flow of two-phase fluid in pipeline.In addition, should
Method is influenced smaller due to using multi beam gamma-rays by the flow pattern of two phase flow.
Further, gamma-rays radioactive source and the gamma-ray detection system integration are arranged in inner wall of the pipe, are reduced to radioactive source
The requirement of shielding has the advantages that safety.
Further, gamma-rays radioactive source and the gamma-ray detection system integration are arranged in the groove on pipeline outer wall, are had
Advantage convenient for disassembly and assembly.
Further, it is uniformly distributed in measured inner wall of the pipe or in groove when scattering detector is multiple, it can be preferably
Detect the beam,gamma-ray of scattering.
Further, transmission detectors and scattering detector are all made of compact, are accounted for since compact ejector is small in size
Space is few, is easily mounted on measured pipeline.
Method disclosed by the invention using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, controller control γ are penetrated
Line source and gamma-ray detection system work at the same time, and gamma-rays radioactive source two-phase fluid radiation multi beam low energy γ into pipeline is penetrated
Line, transmission detectors and scattering detector respond simultaneously, detect the gamma-rays of decaying and the gamma-rays of scattering, data acquisition system
Collected signal is sent to controller by system can analyze the void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow.Biphase gas and liquid flow has: slug flow,
Bubble flow, annular flow equal flow type are affected using the accuracy of single beam gamma-rays measurement gas-liquid two-phase void fraction by flow pattern,
And all flow pattern void fractions of this method survey are all accurate, influenced by flow pattern small.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system diagram that void fraction in biphase gas and liquid flow is measured using low-energyγ-ray；
Fig. 2 is the installation sectional view of gamma-rays radioactive source and gamma-ray detection system and measured pipeline；
In figure, 1 is is measured pipeline, and 2 be low-energyγ-ray, and 3 be gamma-rays radioactive source, and 4 be gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and 5 are
Gamma-ray detection system, 6 be data collection system, and 7 be controller, and 51 be scattering detector, and 52 be transmission detectors.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
As shown in Figure 1, the system of the invention using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow includes that γ is penetrated
Line source 3, gamma-ray detection system 5, data collection system 6 and controller 7, gamma-rays radioactive source 3 are low for generating multi beam
Energy gamma-rays 2, gamma-ray detection system 5 are used to detect the gamma-rays of decaying, and data collection system 6 is for acquiring data；γ is penetrated
Line source 3 and gamma-ray detection system 5 are installed on measured pipeline 1, gamma-rays radioactive source 3 and gamma-ray detection system 5
It is connect with controller 7, gamma-ray detection system 5 is connect by data collection system 6 with controller 7.
As shown in Fig. 2, gamma-ray detection system 5 includes transmission detectors 52 and scattering detector 51；Transmission detectors 52
Be located at on the measured pipeline 1 of 3 diametrically opposite position of gamma-rays radioactive source.
Scattering detector 51 is one or more, is distributed on measured pipeline 1.It arranges and visits on multiple positions of pipeline
Device is surveyed, the photon that transmission can detect on multiple positions and is scattered contains when the response of these position sensors combines
The measurement of gas rate is influenced smaller by two phase flow pattern.
When installing one section of new pipeline, gamma-rays radioactive source 3 and gamma-ray detection system 5 can be mountable in advance
It is measured on 1 inner wall of pipeline, in use, only need in the good controller 7 of measured 1 external connection of pipeline and data collection system 6,
The void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow can be analyzed.
When needing to measure the void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow in already installed pipeline, in the outside for being measured pipeline 1
Groove is opened up on tube wall, gamma-rays radioactive source 3 and gamma-ray detection system 5 are installed in groove, outside measured pipeline 1
Connect controller 7 and data collection system 6, so that it may analyze the void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow.
Preferably, transmission detectors 52 and scattering detector 51 are all made of compact, and model Geiger tube 712 is small in size,
It is easy to install.
Gamma-rays radioactive source 3 uses241Am discharges multi beam low-energyγ-ray 2 as radioactive source, and low-energyγ-ray 2 passes through two
Mutually after stream fluid, strength retrogression, transmission detectors 52 detect the gamma-rays after decaying；Low-energyγ-ray 2 is passing through solution-air two
Mutually in stream flow liquid process, since Compton effect generates multi beam gamma-rays, and multi beam gamma-rays direction is different, be arranged in by
The scattering detector 51 of measurement 1 surrounding different location of pipeline will detect the beam,gamma-ray of scattering.When low-energyγ-ray passes through
When gas-liquid two-phase medium, due to Compton effect, multi beam gamma-rays is produced.Using this effect, regard as to a certain extent
It is the average measurement to pipeline section.
Using the method for void fraction in system measurement biphase gas and liquid flow of the invention, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) controller 7 controls gamma-rays radioactive source 3 and gamma-ray detection system 5 and works at the same time, and gamma-rays radioactive source 3 is to quilt
The gas-liquid two-phase fluid 4 measured in pipeline 1 radiates multi beam low-energyγ-ray 2, and transmission detectors 52 and scattering detector 51 are simultaneously
Detect 2 amplitude of low-energyγ-ray of decaying；
2) after data collection system 6 acquires the data that gamma-ray detection system 5 monitors, collected data are sent to
Controller 7, controller 7 passes through the attenuation degree of detection 2 amplitude of low-energyγ-ray, it can be learnt that the void fraction of biphase gas and liquid flow.
Void fraction, radioactive source and compact detector are measured by using the method for low energy radioactive source and compact probe
Device is desirably integrated into tube wall, reduces the requirement of shielding, realizes multi beam configuration, to have size small, convection relies on small
The characteristics of.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of system using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, which is characterized in that put including gamma-rays
Source (3), gamma-ray detection system (5), data collection system (6) and controller (7) are penetrated, gamma-rays radioactive source (3) is for generating
Low-energyγ-ray (2), gamma-ray detection system (5) are used to detect the gamma-rays of decaying, and data collection system (6) is for acquiring number
According to；
Gamma-rays radioactive source (3) and gamma-ray detection system (5) are connect with controller (7), and gamma-ray detection system (5) passes through
Data collection system (6) is connect with controller (7)；
Gamma-ray detection system (5) includes transmission detectors (52) and scattering detector (51)；
Gamma-rays radioactive source (3) is installed on measured pipeline (1), and transmission detectors (52) are located at and gamma-rays radioactive source (3)
On the measured pipeline (1) of diametrically opposite position；
Scattering detector (51) is one or more, is distributed on measured pipeline (1).
2. the system according to claim 1 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
In gamma-rays radioactive source (3) and gamma-ray detection system (5) are installed on measured pipeline (1) inner wall.
3. the system according to claim 2 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
When, scattering detector (51) is multiple, it is uniformly distributed on measured pipeline (1) inner wall.
4. the system according to claim 1 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
In, be measured pipeline (1) outer wall on open up groove, gamma-rays radioactive source (3) and gamma-ray detection system (5) are installed on recessed
In slot.
5. the system according to claim 4 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
When, scattering detector (51) is multiple, it is uniformly distributed in the groove of measured pipeline (1).
6. the system according to claim 1 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
In transmission detectors (52) are compact transmission detectors, and scattering detector (51) is compact scattering detector.
7. the system according to claim 6 using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow, feature exist
In, the model Geiger tube 712 of compact transmission detectors, the model Geiger tube 712 of compact scattering detector.
8. using the method for void fraction in system measurement biphase gas and liquid flow described in claim 1~7 any one, feature exists
In including the following steps:
1) controller (7) control gamma-rays radioactive source (3) and gamma-ray detection system (5) work at the same time, gamma-rays radioactive source (3)
Gas-liquid two-phase fluid (4) into measured pipeline (1) radiates multi beam low-energyγ-ray (2), transmission detectors (52) and scattering
Detector (51) is detected simultaneously by low-energyγ-ray (2) amplitude of decaying；
2) after the data that data collection system (6) acquisition gamma-ray detection system (5) monitors, collected data are sent to
Controller (7), controller (7) obtain the gassiness of biphase gas and liquid flow by the attenuation degree of detection low-energyγ-ray (2) amplitude
Rate.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110595948A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Small-channel two-phase flow parameter measuring device and method based on annular optical array |
| CN114295646A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 成都洋湃科技有限公司 | Method and device for measuring sand content of photon miscible phase |
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| CN110595948A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Small-channel two-phase flow parameter measuring device and method based on annular optical array |
| CN114295646A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 成都洋湃科技有限公司 | Method and device for measuring sand content of photon miscible phase |
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