CN109269905B - Rock test device and method for simulating high-humidity acidic environment state - Google Patents

Rock test device and method for simulating high-humidity acidic environment state Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109269905B
CN109269905B CN201811302766.XA CN201811302766A CN109269905B CN 109269905 B CN109269905 B CN 109269905B CN 201811302766 A CN201811302766 A CN 201811302766A CN 109269905 B CN109269905 B CN 109269905B
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test piece
rock
wrapping device
humidifier
loading
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CN109269905A (en
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谢森林
万文
赵延林
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/18Performing tests at high or low temperatures

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock test device for simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state, which comprises a test piece wrapping device, a control console, a loading device, a barometer, a humidifier, a temperature controller and a computer, wherein the test piece wrapping device wraps the outside of a rock test piece; the humidifier and the temperature controller are respectively connected with the test piece wrapping device; the test piece wrapping device is placed on the loading device, the computer is connected with the control console, the control console is connected with the loading device, the computer sends a control signal to the control console, and the loading device is controlled by the control console to carry out a loading test on the rock test piece. According to the invention, the rock of the hollowed part is adopted to simulate the ore pillar, the change of the circumferential displacement of the ore pillar in the test process is observed in real time through the circumferential displacement meter, and the damage mechanism of the simulated ore pillar in the high-humidity acidic environment state is researched; the piston loader is used for providing static load for the hydraulic oil cylinder, dynamic load and dynamic load for the impact rod, dynamic and static combined loading is carried out, and the stress state of the rock in the underground high-humidity acidic environment is simulated for testing.

Description

Rock test device and method for simulating high-humidity acidic environment state
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering geology, in particular to a rock test device and method for simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state.
Background
Underground engineering such as mining engineering, civil engineering, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, petroleum engineering, marine exploration and the like can meet various complicated geological conditions in actual work, rock is affected by underground environment, stability can be reduced along with the increase of time, and finally rock damage is caused. Particularly in some chemical mines, the reserved ore pillars generally contain some hydrophilic mineral components, are easy to soften when meeting water, or are easy to generate hydration, hydrolysis and dissolution reactions, and the ore pillars are eroded by the environment along with the increasing depth of mining and the complicating of the underground environment, and the eroded ore pillars become pointed and destroyed along with the increasing of time. Along with the damage instability of the ore pillar, disasters such as surface collapse, mountain collapse and the like can be caused, and immeasurable economic loss and personnel injury can be brought to people. And the method is widely focused on the society. Referring to related data, at present, a rock test device capable of simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state is very rare, and a complete test device and a method are not available for researching a damage mechanism of a pillar under the high-humidity acidic environment state.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rock test device which has a simple structure and is convenient to test and simulates a high-humidity acidic environment state, and provides a rock test method which simulates the high-humidity acidic environment state.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: the rock test device comprises a rock test piece, a test piece wrapping device, a control console, a loading device, a humidifier, a temperature controller and a computer, wherein the test piece wrapping device wraps the outside of the rock test piece, and the top end and the bottom end of the rock test piece are exposed out of the test piece wrapping device; the humidifier and the temperature controller are respectively connected with the test piece wrapping device, the humidity inside the test piece wrapping device is increased through the humidifier, an acid environment is provided for the test piece wrapping device, and the temperature controller controls the temperature inside the test piece wrapping device so as to simulate a high-humidity acid environment; the test piece wrapping device is placed on the loading device, the computer is connected with the control console, the control console is connected with the loading device, the computer sends a control signal to the control console, and the loading device is controlled by the control console to carry out loading test on the rock test piece.
The rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state is characterized in that the rock test piece is made of a whole rock, the middle part of the whole rock is hollowed, and the rest part of the whole rock forms three columnar rocks to simulate a pillar.
The rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state comprises a square frame, a temperature meter and a humidity meter, wherein the square frame is formed by embedding toughened glass, openings for extending a rock test piece are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the square frame, small holes are formed in the two sides of the square frame, the small holes are connected with pipelines, the square frame is respectively connected with a humidifier and a temperature controller through pipelines on the two sides, acidic liquid is added into the humidifier, acidic gas is generated through the humidifier and is injected into the test piece wrapping device so as to simulate the high-humidity acidic environment, a barometer is arranged on the pipeline connected with the humidifier, and when the air pressure in the test piece wrapping device reaches a certain degree, the injection of the acidic gas is stopped; the temperature measuring meter and the humidity measuring meter are attached to the inner wall of the square frame.
The rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state comprises a base, a top plate, impact rods, hydraulic oil cylinders and piston loaders, wherein the base is fixed at the lower part of the fixed frame; one end of the other piston loader is connected with the control console, the other end of the other piston loader is connected with the impact rod, dynamic load is provided for the impact disturbance rod, the top plate is lowered by applying power to the hydraulic oil cylinder and the impact rod to contact a rock test piece, and the two piston loaders respectively control the hydraulic oil cylinder and the impact rod to carry out dynamic and static combined loading on the rock test piece, so that a test is carried out.
According to the rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state, the annular displacement meter is bound in the middle of the rock test piece and used for measuring the change condition of the annular displacement of the simulated ore column in the test process; the annular displacement meter is made of rubber and latex, a sensor is arranged on the annular displacement meter and is connected with a sensor connector arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, so that the annular displacement meter is connected to a computer to monitor the diameter change condition of a rock test piece in real time; one end of the annular displacement meter is provided with a bolt, and the other end of the annular displacement meter is provided with a chute, and the bolt can slide in the chute to adjust the diameter of the annular displacement meter.
A rock test method for simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state comprises the following steps:
1) And (3) wrapping a test piece: binding a simulated ore pillar on a rock test piece prepared in advance on an annular displacement meter, placing the simulated ore pillar into a test piece wrapping device, placing a rock test piece, connecting an upper sensor of the annular displacement meter with a sensor connector on the lower surface of a top plate of a loading device, connecting the annular displacement meter to a computer, and sealing a gap of an exposed part of the rock test piece on the test piece wrapping device by glass sealant;
2) And (3) test piece installation: placing a test piece wrapping device wrapped with a rock test piece on a base of a loading device, connecting the test piece wrapping device with a humidifier and a temperature controller, opening the humidifier and the temperature controller, adding acidic liquid into the humidifier, generating acidic gas through the humidifier, injecting the acidic gas into the test piece wrapping device, increasing the humidity in the test piece wrapping device, and adjusting the temperature in the test piece wrapping device to simulate a high-humidity acidic environment;
3) Test piece preloading: the top plate of the loading device is moved downwards under the control of a computer, so that the top plate is contacted with the upper end of the rock test piece;
4) Loading a test piece: when the humidifier is used for adding set humidity and certain acid environment into the test piece wrapping device, after the temperature controller is regulated to the set temperature, a computer and a control console are turned on, a control signal is sent to the control console by the computer, the control console controls the loading device, the two piston loaders respectively apply static load to the hydraulic cylinder and dynamic load to the impact rod, a dynamic and static combined loading mode is adopted for loading the rock test piece, and data are recorded by the computer, so that a test result is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the stress condition of the rock in the actual high-humidity acidic environment state, the invention provides a rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state, wherein the rock is hollowed to simulate a pillar, the change of the circumferential displacement of the pillar in the test process is observed in real time through a circumferential displacement meter, and a simulated pillar damage mechanism in the high-humidity acidic environment state is researched; the humidifier adds humidity to the toughened glass frame through sealing of the toughened glass frame, an acidic environment is provided, and the temperature meter and the humidity meter can monitor data in the square toughened glass frame in real time; respectively providing static load for the hydraulic oil cylinder through the two piston loaders, providing dynamic load for the impact rod, combining dynamic and static loading, and simulating the stress state of the rock in an underground high-humidity environment for testing; the test device has the advantages of safety, reliability, good effect and convenient test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the rock specimen of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the test piece wrapping device in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the cyclic meter of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
1-4, the rock test device for simulating the high-humidity acidic environment state comprises a rock test piece 17, a test piece wrapping device 13, a control console 2, a loading device, a barometer 24, a humidifier 4, a temperature controller 3 and a computer 1, wherein the test piece wrapping device 13 wraps the outside of the rock test piece 17, and the top end and the bottom end of the rock test piece 17 are exposed out of the test piece wrapping device 13; the humidifier 4 and the temperature controller 3 are respectively connected with the test piece wrapping device 13, the humidity inside the test piece wrapping device 13 is increased through the humidifier 4, an acidic environment is provided for the test piece wrapping device 13, and the temperature controller 3 controls the temperature inside the test piece wrapping device 13 so as to simulate a high-humidity acidic environment; the test piece wrapping device 13 is placed on the loading device, the computer 1 is connected with the control console 2, the control console 2 is connected with the loading device, the computer 1 sends a control signal to the control console 2, and the loading device is controlled by the control console 2 to carry out a loading test on the rock test piece 17.
The rock test piece 17 is made of a whole rock with the length of 250mm, the width of 50mm and the height of 100mm, the middle part of the whole rock is hollowed, and the rest part forms three columnar rocks to simulate three ore pillars, namely an ore pillar 10, an ore pillar 11 and an ore pillar 12.
The test piece wrapping device 13 comprises a square frame, a temperature measuring meter 8 and a humidity measuring meter 9 which are inlaid by toughened glass, wherein the height of the square frame is slightly lower than that of a rock test piece 17, openings for the rock test piece 17 to stretch out are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the square frame, small holes are formed in the two sides of the square frame, the small holes are connected with pipelines 15, the square frame is respectively connected with a humidifier 4 and a temperature controller 3 through the pipelines 15 in the two sides, acidic liquid is added into the humidifier 4, acidic gas is generated through the humidifier 4 to be injected into the test piece wrapping device 13 so as to simulate a high-humidity acidic environment, a barometer 24 is arranged on the pipeline connected with the humidifier 4, when the air pressure inside the test piece wrapping device 13 reaches a certain degree, the injection of the acidic gas is stopped, the humidifier 4 is used for increasing the humidity in the square frame, and the temperature controller 3 is used for controlling the temperature in the square frame so as to simulate the high-humidity acidic environment. The temperature measuring meter 8 and the humidity measuring meter 9 are attached to the inner wall of the square frame, so that the temperature and humidity changes in the square frame can be observed in real time.
The loading device comprises a base 14, a top plate 16, impact rods 7, hydraulic oil cylinders 5, piston loaders 6 and a fixed frame 23, wherein the base 14 is fixed at the lower part of the fixed frame 23, a test piece wrapping device 13 is placed on the base 14, the top plate 16 is positioned above the base 14, the impact rods 7 and the hydraulic oil cylinders 6 are arranged above the top plate 16, two piston loaders 5 are arranged, the two piston loaders 5 are both fixed at the upper part of the fixed frame 23, one end of one piston loader is connected with a control console 2, the other end of the piston loader is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinders 5, and static load is provided for the hydraulic oil cylinders 5; one end of the other piston loader is connected with the control console 2, the other end of the other piston loader is connected with the impact rod 7, dynamic load is provided for the impact disturbance rod 7, the top plate 16 is lowered by applying power to the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the impact rod 7 to contact the rock test piece 17, and the two piston loaders 5 respectively control the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the impact rod 7 to carry out dynamic and static combined loading on the rock test piece 17, so that a test is carried out.
An annular displacement meter 18 is bound in the middle of the rock test piece 17 and is used for measuring the change condition of the annular displacement of the simulated mine column in the test process; the annular displacement meter 18 is made of rubber and latex, is elastic, and the annular displacement meter 18 is provided with a sensor 19, and the sensor 19 is connected with a sensor connector 22 arranged on the lower surface of the top plate 16, so that the annular displacement meter 18 is connected to the computer 1, and the change condition of the diameter of a rock test piece can be monitored in real time; the annular displacement gauge 18 is provided with a bolt 20 at one end and a runner 21 at the other end, the bolt 20 being slidable in the runner 21 to adjust the diameter of the annular displacement gauge 18. During the test, the annular displacement meter 18 is bound on a simulated ore pillar of the rock test piece 17, the annular displacement meter 18 is fixed with the chute 21 through the bolt 20, the sensor 19 on the annular displacement meter 18 is connected with the computer 1 through the sensor connector 22 on the loading device, the diameter of the ore pillar can be changed after the test is started, and the real-time change condition of the annular displacement of the ore pillar in the test process is read through the computer 1.
A rock test method for simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state comprises the following steps:
1) And (3) wrapping a test piece: binding a simulated ore pillar on a rock test piece 17 prepared in advance on an annular displacement meter 18, placing the simulated ore pillar on the test piece wrapping device 13, placing the rock test piece 17 in a test piece wrapping device 13, placing the rock test piece 17, connecting a sensor 19 on the annular displacement meter 18 with a sensor connector 22 on the lower surface of a top plate 16 of a loading device, connecting the annular displacement meter 18 to a computer 1, and sealing a gap of an exposed part of the rock test piece 17 on the test piece wrapping device 13 by glass sealant;
2) And (3) test piece installation: placing a test piece wrapping device 13 wrapped with a rock test piece 17 on a base 14 of a loading device, connecting the test piece wrapping device 13 with a humidifier 4 and a temperature controller 3, opening the humidifier 4 and the temperature controller 3, adding acidic liquid into the humidifier 4, generating acidic gas through the humidifier 4, injecting the acidic gas into the test piece wrapping device 13, increasing the humidity in the test piece wrapping device 13, and adjusting the temperature in the test piece wrapping device 13 so as to simulate a high-humidity acidic environment;
3) Test piece preloading: the top plate 16 of the loading device is moved downwards under the control of the computer 1, so that the top plate 16 is contacted with the upper end of the rock test piece 17, and the final preparation before the experiment is finished;
4) Loading a test piece: when the humidifier 4 adds set humidity and certain acid environment into the test piece wrapping device 13, the temperature controller 3 is adjusted to set temperature, the computer 1 and the control console 2 are opened, the computer 1 sends control signals to the control console 2, the two piston loaders 5 respectively apply static load to the hydraulic cylinder 6 and dynamic load to the impact rod 7 through the control of the control console 2, a dynamic and static combined loading mode is adopted to load the rock test piece 17, and the computer 1 records data to obtain test results.

Claims (2)

1. A rock test device under simulation high wet acid environment state, its characterized in that: the device comprises a rock test piece, a test piece wrapping device, a console, a loading device, a humidifier, a temperature controller and a computer, wherein the test piece wrapping device wraps the rock test piece, and the top end and the bottom end of the rock test piece are exposed out of the test piece wrapping device; the humidifier and the temperature controller are respectively connected with the test piece wrapping device, the humidity inside the test piece wrapping device is increased through the humidifier, an acid environment is provided for the test piece wrapping device, and the temperature controller controls the temperature inside the test piece wrapping device so as to simulate a high-humidity acid environment; the test piece wrapping device is arranged on the loading device, the computer is connected with the control console, the control console is connected with the loading device, the computer sends a control signal to the control console, and the loading device is controlled by the control console to carry out a loading test on the rock test piece;
the test piece wrapping device comprises a square frame formed by embedding toughened glass, a temperature meter and a humidity meter, wherein openings for extending a rock test piece are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the square frame, small holes are formed in the two sides of the square frame, the small holes are connected with pipelines, the square frame is respectively connected with a humidifier and a temperature controller through the pipelines on the two sides, acidic liquid is added into the humidifier, acidic gas is generated through the humidifier and is injected into the test piece wrapping device, so that a high-humidity acidic environment is simulated, a barometer is arranged on the pipeline connected with the humidifier, and when the air pressure in the test piece wrapping device reaches a certain degree, the injection of the acidic gas is stopped; the temperature measuring meter and the humidity measuring meter are attached to the inner wall of the square frame;
the rock test piece is made of a whole rock, the middle part of the whole rock is hollowed, and the rest part forms three columnar rocks to simulate a pillar;
the loading device comprises a base, a top plate, impact rods, hydraulic cylinders and piston loaders, a fixed frame, wherein the base is fixed at the lower part of the fixed frame, a test piece wrapping device is placed on the base, the top plate is positioned above the base, the impact rods and the hydraulic cylinders are arranged above the top plate, two piston loaders are arranged, the two piston loaders are fixed at the upper part of the fixed frame, one end of one piston loader is connected with a control console, the other end of the piston loader is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, and static load is provided for the hydraulic cylinder; one end of the other piston loader is connected with the control console, the other end of the other piston loader is connected with the impact rod, a dynamic load is provided for the impact disturbance rod, the top plate is lowered by applying power to the hydraulic oil cylinder and the impact rod to contact a rock test piece, and the two piston loaders respectively control the hydraulic oil cylinder and the impact rod to carry out dynamic and static combined loading on the rock test piece so as to carry out a test;
the rock test piece is internally bound with an annular displacement meter for measuring the change condition of the annular displacement of the simulated mine column in the test process; the annular displacement meter is made of rubber and latex, a sensor is arranged on the annular displacement meter and is connected with a sensor connector arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, so that the annular displacement meter is connected to a computer to monitor the diameter change condition of a rock test piece in real time; one end of the annular displacement meter is provided with a bolt, and the other end of the annular displacement meter is provided with a chute, and the bolt can slide in the chute to adjust the diameter of the annular displacement meter.
2. A test method of the rock test device according to claim 1 for simulating a high-humidity acidic environment state, comprising the steps of:
1) And (3) wrapping a test piece: binding a simulated ore pillar on a rock test piece prepared in advance on an annular displacement meter, placing the simulated ore pillar into a test piece wrapping device, placing a rock test piece, connecting an upper sensor of the annular displacement meter with a sensor connector on the lower surface of a top plate of a loading device, connecting the annular displacement meter to a computer, and sealing a gap of an exposed part of the rock test piece on the test piece wrapping device by glass sealant;
2) And (3) test piece installation: placing a test piece wrapping device wrapped with a rock test piece on a base of a loading device, connecting the test piece wrapping device with a humidifier and a temperature controller, opening the humidifier and the temperature controller, adding acidic liquid into the humidifier, generating acidic gas through the humidifier, injecting the acidic gas into the test piece wrapping device, increasing the humidity in the test piece wrapping device, and adjusting the temperature in the test piece wrapping device to simulate a high-humidity acidic environment;
3) Test piece preloading: the top plate of the loading device is moved downwards under the control of a computer, so that the top plate is contacted with the upper end of the rock test piece;
4) Loading a test piece: when the humidifier is used for adding set humidity and certain acid environment into the test piece wrapping device, after the temperature controller is regulated to the set temperature, a computer and a control console are turned on, a control signal is sent to the control console by the computer, the control console controls the loading device, the two piston loaders respectively apply static load to the hydraulic cylinder and dynamic load to the impact rod, a dynamic and static combined loading mode is adopted for loading the rock test piece, and data are recorded by the computer, so that a test result is obtained.
CN201811302766.XA 2018-11-02 2018-11-02 Rock test device and method for simulating high-humidity acidic environment state Active CN109269905B (en)

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CN110186763A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-30 湖南科技大学 Rock Mechanics Test temperature and humidity and acidic environment control simulator and analogy method
CN113865993B (en) * 2021-09-30 2023-12-08 太原理工大学 Dynamic and static load-acidic water coupling broken coal and rock mass mechanical testing device and method
CN114383952A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-22 重庆大学 Multi-field coupled rock mass degradation simulation test system and test method

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