CN109267973B - Worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit and method - Google Patents
Worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109267973B CN109267973B CN201811427390.5A CN201811427390A CN109267973B CN 109267973 B CN109267973 B CN 109267973B CN 201811427390 A CN201811427390 A CN 201811427390A CN 109267973 B CN109267973 B CN 109267973B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000032369 Primary transmission Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004886 head movement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a worm gear transmission oil pumping unit and a method thereof. The frame includes base, platform support frame, staircase, low platform and high platform, is provided with three transmission support frame that is used for fixed mounting worm gear reduction gear, variable frequency speed motor and ultracapacitor system respectively on wherein the low platform, high platform middle part is equipped with the rectangular hole for install annular reversing mechanism, annular reversing mechanism passes through the coupling joint with drive mechanism. The worm and gear speed reducer can realize one-level transmission speed reduction and large transmission ratio, the meshing surfaces of the worm and gear are in line contact, the bearing capacity of the worm and gear speed reducer is far greater than that of the gear speed reducer, the worm and gear are meshed in a multi-tooth mode, transmission is stable, and noise is low. The annular reversing mechanism converts the rotary motion of the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor into the up-and-down linear motion of the polish rod connecting frame through the meshing of the gear and the annular gear, so as to realize the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to oil exploitation ground equipment, in particular to a worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit and a method.
Background
In the current oil field exploitation, the beam pumping unit occupies a main position in the oil field production. The rotary motion of a power machine is changed into the reciprocating motion of a sucker rod and an oil well pump through a reduction gearbox, a crank connecting rod mechanism and the like, so that the oil suction and oil discharge processes of the oil well pump are realized. The walking beam type pumping unit mostly adopts a secondary gear reducer, the reducers have more transmission links and large structure volume, and the transmission efficiency of the reducers can be reduced along with the reduction; the crank connecting rod mechanism realizes the reversing of the pumping unit, and a suspension point can generate larger acceleration at the moment of reversing, so that the non-uniformity of horse head movement is caused; the beam-pumping unit adopts the mechanical balance mode, and beam-pumping unit afterbody connects the mode of balancing the weight promptly, and this kind of balanced mode can increase the energy consumption of beam-pumping unit, reduces the life of beam-pumping unit. The traditional beam-pumping unit has the disadvantages of poor balance effect, large suspension point acceleration, large starting torque, low efficiency, high energy consumption and the like due to the structural characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit and a method, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit comprises a rack, wherein a transmission mechanism is arranged on the rack, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with an annular reversing mechanism for controlling a sucker rod to move to pump oil;
the frame comprises a base, a high platform and a low platform are arranged on the base through a platform support frame, and a through hole for mounting the annular reversing mechanism is formed in the high platform;
the transmission mechanism comprises a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor and a worm and gear reduction box which are arranged on the low platform, the output end of the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor is connected with a first belt wheel, the worm shaft of the worm and gear reduction box is connected with a second belt wheel, the first belt wheel is connected with the second belt wheel through a synchronous belt, and the output end of the worm and gear reduction box is connected to the annular reversing mechanism through a coupler;
the annular reversing mechanism comprises two guide rails connected between the high platform and the base, a polished rod connecting frame is arranged between the two guide rails through a sliding block, two polished rod holders are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the polished rod connecting frame and used for fixedly connecting polished rods of the sucker rods, a ring gear fixing frame capable of moving horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame is embedded in the polished rod connecting frame, a ring gear is fixed in the ring gear fixing frame, a gear meshed with the ring gear is arranged in the ring gear, and the gear is driven by a gear shaft connected with a coupler.
Furthermore, a super capacitor for storing and releasing electric energy is connected to the variable frequency speed regulating motor.
Furthermore, the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor, the worm and gear reduction box and the super capacitor are connected to the low platform through the transmission support frame.
Furthermore, two bearing seats for fixing the gear shaft are symmetrically arranged on the high platform.
Further, a sleeve is mounted on the gear shaft.
Furthermore, an escalator is arranged between the low platform and the base.
The oil pumping method of the worm gear transmission oil pumping unit comprises the steps of starting the variable frequency speed control motor, enabling an output shaft of the variable frequency speed control motor to rotate, transmitting power to the worm gear reduction box through belt transmission, driving the gear shaft and the gear to rotate, driving the ring gear to move when the gear rotates, driving the ring gear fixing frame to move in the movement process through the ring gear, enabling the ring gear fixing frame to horizontally move in the polish rod connecting frame, driving the polish rod connecting frame to move up and down in the guide rail through the ring gear fixing frame, further driving the polish rod to reciprocate through the polish rod clamping device, and driving the sucker rod to reciprocate through the polish rod to pump oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention adopts a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor, changes the rotating speed and the torque of the motor by changing the output frequency of a frequency converter, further changes the stroke frequency of a worm gear transmission oil pumping unit, and the worm gear transmission oil pumping unit adopts a worm gear reducer, can realize primary transmission speed reduction, and obtains a large transmission ratio; the meshing surfaces of the worm and the gear are in line contact, and the bearing capacity of the worm and the gear is far greater than that of the gear for speed reduction; the worm gear and worm meshing is multi-tooth meshing, the transmission is stable and the noise is low, the output shaft of the worm gear and worm reducer is directly connected with the gear shaft, and the gear is meshed with the annular gear to replace a crank connecting rod mechanism of the beam pumping unit. The transmission links are reduced, the structure is more compact, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, by arranging the super capacitor, the gravitational potential energy of the annular reversing mechanism in the down stroke is stored in the super capacitor by utilizing the characteristics of large charge-discharge current, high charge-discharge efficiency, long cycle life, greenness, no pollution and the like of the super capacitor, and the gravitational potential energy is used for the up stroke work of the worm gear transmission oil pumping unit. The energy utilization rate of the worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit is improved.
Furthermore, the gear can be axially fixed by installing the sleeve on the gear shaft, so that the gear is ensured to only do rotary motion.
Furthermore, by arranging the escalator, maintenance of all parts on the high platform and the low platform is facilitated.
The method of the invention drives the ring gear to move through the rotation of the gear, the ring gear drives the ring gear fixing frame to move in the moving process, then the ring gear fixing frame moves horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame, the ring gear fixing frame drives the polished rod connecting frame to move up and down in the guide rail, further the polished rod is driven to reciprocate through the polished rod clamping device, the polished rod drives the sucker rod to reciprocate to pump oil, the ring reversing mechanism converts the rotating motion of the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor into the up-and-down linear motion of the polished rod connecting frame through the meshing of the gear and the ring gear, the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod is realized, the mechanical transmission process is greatly simplified, the transmission links are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a worm gear-worm transmission oil pumping unit;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a worm gear drive pumping unit;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the worm gear drive pumping unit;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the worm gear and worm drive pumping unit;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the engagement of a gear and a ring gear of the worm and gear transmission pumping unit.
Wherein: 1. platform support frame, 2, guide rail, 3, bearing frame, 4, shaft coupling, 5, second band pulley, 6, hold-in range, 7, transmission support frame, 8, staircase, 9, variable frequency speed regulating motor, 10, worm gear reducing box, 11, ring gear, 12, ring gear mount, 13, polished rod link, 14, slider, 15, high platform, 16 low platform, 17, gear shaft, 18, reduction gear output shaft, 19, ultracapacitor system, 20, gear, 21, base, 22, first band pulley, 23, guide rail recess, 24, polished rod, 25, sleeve, 26, polished rod holder.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, a worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit comprises a rack, a transmission mechanism, an annular reversing mechanism and a balance mechanism, wherein the rack comprises a base 21, an escalator 8, a platform support frame 1, a low platform 16 and a high platform 15, three transmission support frames 7 are arranged on the low platform 16 and are respectively used for mounting a variable frequency speed regulating motor 9, a super capacitor 19 and a worm and gear reduction box 10, and a rectangular hole is formed in the middle of the high platform 15 and is used for mounting the annular reversing mechanism; the annular reversing mechanism comprises an annular gear 11, an annular gear fixing frame 12, a polish rod connecting frame 13, a sliding block 14 and a guide rail 2, the ring gear 11 is composed of an upper half ring gear, a lower half ring gear, a right linear rack and a left linear rack, the ring gear 11 is welded on the ring gear fixing frame 12, the ring gear fixing frame 12 is embedded in the polish rod connecting frame 13, two polish rod holders 26 are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the polish rod connecting frame 13, the ring gear fixing frame 12 can horizontally move in the polish rod connecting frame 13, sliding grooves are formed on the inner sides of the upper part and the lower part of the polish rod connecting frame 13, the top and the bottom of the ring gear fixing frame 12 can slide in the sliding grooves, two semicircular sliding blocks 14 are respectively arranged on two sides of the polish rod connecting frame 13, a guide rail groove 23 of the guide rail 2 is a semicircular groove, and the guide rail 2 is welded on the base 21 and the high platform 15; the transmission mechanism is characterized in that an output shaft of a variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is connected with a first belt pulley 22 and is driven by a synchronous belt 6, a second belt pulley 5 is connected with a worm shaft of a worm gear reduction box 10, an output shaft 18 of the worm gear reduction box is directly connected with a gear shaft 17 through a coupler 4, a gear 20 is arranged on the gear shaft, and the gear 20 is meshed with a ring gear 11; the balance mechanism comprises a super capacitor 19, the escalator 8 is installed on the left side of the worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping machine support frame 1, two bearing seats 3 are symmetrically installed on the high platform 15 in a left-right mode and used for fixedly installing a gear shaft 17, a sleeve 25 is installed on the gear shaft 17 and used for axially fixing a gear 20 so as to ensure that the gear 20 only does rotating motion, a polish rod 24 is fixedly installed at the lower end of a polish rod connecting frame 13 of the annular reversing mechanism through a polish rod clamp 26, and the polish rod clamp 26 can be detached so as to facilitate well repair work. In the balancing mechanism, the gravitational potential energy of the annular reversing mechanism charges the super capacitor 19 through the charge-discharge controller arranged in the super capacitor 19 in the down stroke process of the pumping unit, the gravitational potential energy is stored in the super capacitor in the form of electric energy, and the electric energy stored in the super capacitor and the power supply are supplied to the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor 9 to work together in the up stroke process.
The following is a detailed description of the operation of the present invention:
the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is started, the output shaft of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 rotates, and power is transmitted to the worm and gear reduction box 10 through belt transmission, so that the gear shaft 17 and the gear 20 are driven to rotate. Taking the position shown in fig. 5 as an example, the initial position of the gear 20 is engaged with the right linear rack portion of the ring gear 11, and the ring gear 11 is located at the leftmost position of the polish rod connecting frame 13. The gear 20 rotates clockwise, the linear rack moves downwards, the ring gear fixing frame 12 fixed with the ring gear 11 also moves downwards, the semicircular sliding blocks 14 at the two ends of the polished rod connecting frame 13 are embedded in the guide rail grooves 23 at the two sides, so that the polished rod connecting frame 13 can only move up and down along the guide rail 2 in a vertical plane, and the ring gear fixing frame 12 is embedded in the polished rod connecting frame 13, so that the polished rod connecting frame 13 also moves downwards; the gear 20 continues to rotate and is meshed with the right end of the upper semi-ring gear, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves rightwards in the polish rod connecting frame 13, and meanwhile, the ring gear fixing frame 12 and the polish rod connecting frame 13 move downwards together; when the top of the upper semi-ring gear is reached, the ring-shaped reversing mechanism is at the lowest position, namely the polish rod 24 is at the lowest position, and the pumping unit finishes the down stroke work; the gear 20 is meshed with the left half part of the upper half ring gear, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves rightwards in the polish rod connecting frame 13, simultaneously the ring gear fixing frame 12 and the polish rod connecting frame 13 move upwards simultaneously, and the oil pumping unit starts to work in an up stroke; when the gear 20 starts from the left-end linear rack engagement, the ring gear holder 12 moves to the rightmost end of the polish rod connecting frame 13 and simultaneously moves upward; the gear 20 continues to rotate to engage with the lower semi-ring gear, and the ring gear holder 12 moves leftward in the polish rod connecting frame 13 and, at the same time, moves upward; when the gear 20 moves to the lowest end of the lower semi-ring gear, the ring-shaped reversing mechanism is at the highest position, namely the polish rod 24 is at the highest position, and the pumping unit finishes the upper stroke work.
In the down stroke process of the oil pumping unit, the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is in a power generation state, the gravitational potential energy of the annular reversing mechanism charges the super capacitor 19 through the charge-discharge controller, and is stored in the super capacitor 19 in the form of electric energy; during the up stroke, the variable frequency speed motor 9 is in a power utilization state, and the electric energy stored in the super capacitor 19 and the power supply are supplied to the variable frequency speed motor 9 together for working.
Claims (5)
1. A worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit is characterized by comprising a rack, wherein a transmission mechanism is arranged on the rack, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with an annular reversing mechanism for controlling a sucker rod to move to pump oil;
the frame comprises a base (21), wherein a high platform (15) and a low platform (16) are arranged on the base (21) through a platform support frame (1), and a through hole for mounting the annular reversing mechanism is formed in the high platform (15);
the transmission mechanism comprises a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor (9) and a worm and gear reduction box (10) which are arranged on a low platform (16), the output end of the variable-frequency speed-regulating motor (9) is connected with a first belt wheel (22), the worm shaft of the worm and gear reduction box (10) is connected with a second belt wheel (5), the first belt wheel (22) is connected with the second belt wheel (5) through a synchronous belt (6), and the output end of the worm and gear reduction box (10) is connected to an annular reversing mechanism through a coupler (4); the speed regulating motor (9) is connected with a super capacitor (19) for storing and releasing electric energy;
the annular reversing mechanism comprises two guide rails (2) connected between a high platform (15) and a base (21), a polish rod connecting frame (13) is arranged between the two guide rails (2) through a sliding block (14), two polish rod holders (26) are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the polish rod connecting frame (13), the polish rod holder (26) is used for fixedly connecting a polish rod (24) of the sucker rod, a ring gear fixing frame (12) which can horizontally move in the polish rod connecting frame (13) is embedded in the polish rod connecting frame (13), a ring gear (11) is fixed in the ring gear fixing frame (12), a gear (20) which is meshed with the ring gear (11) is arranged in the ring gear (11), the gear (20) is driven by a gear shaft (17) connected with the coupler (4), and two bearing seats (3) used for fixing the gear shaft (17) are symmetrically arranged on the high platform (15).
2. The worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the variable frequency speed regulating motor (9), the worm and gear reduction box (10) and the super capacitor (19) are connected to the low platform (16) through the transmission support frame (7).
3. A worm-and-gear drive pumping unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the gear shaft (17) is fitted with a sleeve (25).
4. The worm and gear transmission oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an escalator (8) is arranged between the lower platform (16) and the base (21).
5. An oil pumping method using the worm gear drive oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that a variable frequency speed regulating motor (9) is started, an output shaft of the variable frequency speed regulating motor (9) rotates, power is transmitted to a worm and gear reduction box (10) through belt transmission, thereby driving the gear shaft (17) and the gear (20) to rotate, driving the ring gear (11) to move when the gear (20) rotates, driving the ring gear fixing frame (12) to move when the ring gear (11) moves, the ring gear fixing frame (12) moves horizontally in the polish rod connecting frame (13), the ring gear fixing frame (12) drives the polish rod connecting frame (13) to move up and down in the guide rail (2), and then the polished rod (24) is driven to reciprocate by the polished rod holder (26), and the polished rod (24) drives the sucker rod to reciprocate to carry out oil pumping work.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811427390.5A CN109267973B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811427390.5A CN109267973B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109267973A CN109267973A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
| CN109267973B true CN109267973B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811427390.5A Active CN109267973B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Worm gear and worm transmission oil pumping unit and method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110318710B (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-06-25 | 苏州鼎智瑞光智能科技有限公司 | Incomplete gear reversing type oil pumping unit and working method |
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Family Cites Families (5)
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| CN102943649A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-27 | 王毅 | Non-beam mechanical reversing long-stroke pumping unit |
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| CN204691738U (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-10-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of two stationary annular tooth bar tower-type pumping unit |
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| CN209483308U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-10-11 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of Worm Wheel System pumping unit |
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2018
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| CN101187302A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-28 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局运输总公司 | Annular rack type pumping machine |
| CN104675368A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-03 | 大庆市华禹石油机械制造有限公司 | Linear driving oil pumping unit |
| CN204532284U (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-05 | 山东爱特机电技术有限责任公司 | A kind of electric control device for oil pumping jack of capacitance energy storage |
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| CN109267973A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
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