CN109265568A - A kind of preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch Download PDFInfo
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- CN109265568A CN109265568A CN201811048265.3A CN201811048265A CN109265568A CN 109265568 A CN109265568 A CN 109265568A CN 201811048265 A CN201811048265 A CN 201811048265A CN 109265568 A CN109265568 A CN 109265568A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/04—Extraction or purification
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, the present invention is mentioned or alkaline extraction using the new fresh fruit flesh of snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms as raw material with acid, through washing, alcohol washing, sieving, dry snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, and the quality characteristic of starch is studied.The present invention carries out science to the starch constituents in the fruit flesh of the snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms passed into disuse and extracts separation, and obtained snakegourd fruit flesh Type B purity of starch is high, and quality is excellent, can provide raw material for grocery trade and industry.The problem of present invention can also solve snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms seasonal yield is big, and discarded fruit flesh is difficult to store, pollutes environment, while deep processed product is developed, its added value is improved, there is important practical application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine dis-medicinal part reuse methods, and in particular to a kind of fruit with snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms
Flesh prepares the isolation and purification method of snakegourd Type B amylum body.
Background technique
Snakegourd (Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.) or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms (Trichosanthes
Rosthornii Harms) also known as Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim, medicine melon etc., belong to Curcurbitaceae snake gourd.Main product Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Jiangsu
Etc. ground.Snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms whole body have very high medical value, and Snakegourd Fruit, PERICARPIUM TRICHOSANTHIS, Chinese Drug Gualouzi and radices trichosanthis are medicine
Allusion quotation includes kind, is applied well in field of medicaments.Meanwhile Chinese Drug Gualouzi is also widely used for food service industry, it is manufactured to stop
Not busy food extensively gets consumer reception.
From the point of view of position accounting each in entire snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms fruit, fruit flesh accounting weighs 31~43%, accounts for entire
One third of fruit or so.According to incompletely statistics, at present national snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms up to 500,000 mu of cultivated area, according to
Per mu yield value can generate about 100 kilograms of fruit fleshes per acre (in terms of dry weight).During the Habitat producing of Chinese Drug Gualouzi, largely
The fruit flesh of snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms is discarded, and is poured into irrigation canals and ditches river, this not only causes certain wasting of resources, while also making
At serious environmental pollution, it is harmful to the normal farming in farmland.Alleviating this contradictory main method is to snakegourd or bilateral Chinese juniper
The fruit flesh in building carries out deep processing and comprehensive utilization.
It is found through detection, content of starch is high in the fruit flesh of snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms, can be used as the source of starch energy.Type B
Amylum body diameter is less than 10 μm, and compared with A type amylum body, small in size, surface area is relatively large, can combine more albumen
Matter, lipid and moisture, in the food industry, the product of the processed goods such as wheaten starch can be improved in the appropriate ratio for increasing Type B amylum body
Matter.
The present invention extracts separation to the amylum body in the fruit flesh of the snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms passed into disuse, can solve Chinese juniper
The problem of building or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms seasonal yield are big, and discarded fruit flesh is difficult to store, pollutes environment, while its added value can be improved,
With important practical application value.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fruit fleshes using snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms to isolate and purify height as raw material
The method of purity snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, prepared native starch can be applied to grocery trade and industry, and can be used as snakegourd
Or the deep working method of trichosanthes rosthornii Harms, solve that the fruit fleshes of snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms discarded in current snakegourd industrial chain asks
Topic rationally, science, easily utilizes fruit flesh resource, improves resource utilization, reduce environmental pollution simultaneously, have important answer
With value.
Technical solution: in order to achieve the goal above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, comprising the following steps:
(1) the fruit flesh for taking fresh snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms is stirred and evenly mixed by the weight ratio acid adding or alkali of 1:4~1:10,
It impregnates 2~8 hours；
(2) step (1) soak is taken, is separated by solid-liquid separation by centrifugation or in a manner of suction filtration, solid portion is collected；
(3) step (2) solid portion is taken, is washed with water to neutrality, using ethanol washing, filtered solution is collected in sieving；
(4) filtered solution of step (3) is taken, be centrifuged or is separated by solid-liquid separation in a manner of suction filtration, precipitating is dry with hot air blower
Dry or freeze-drying is to get snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-described snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, acid described in step (1) are
The aqueous citric acid solution that pH is 2.0~5.0, alkali is the sodium hydrate aqueous solution that pH is 8.0~11.0.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-described snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, step (2) and step (4) centrifugation
Mode is 3000-8000rpm/min, is centrifuged 5-15min.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-described snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch is measured in step (3) pure with 3-8 times
It is washed to neutrality, measures ethanol washing using 2-5 times, be sieved 40-100 mesh, collects filtered solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-described snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, precipitating hot air blower exist
Dry or freeze-drying at 45-60 DEG C.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-described snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch it is pure
Degree is 98~99%, straight chain branch ratio 1:2.5~1:3.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is screened by many experiments, by fresh snakegourd or the fruit flesh aqueous citric acid solution or hydrogen-oxygen of trichosanthes rosthornii Harms
Change sodium water solution to stir and evenly mix with the weight ratio of 1:4~1:10, impregnate, soak is separated by solid-liquid separation, and collects solid portion with pure
It is washed to neutrality, then with ethanol washing, sieving is dry to get snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.
Due to Type B amylum body since granularity is small, often it is present in light phase with albumen etc., uses extraction with aqueous solution method merely
It is not easy being eluted out by the Type B amylum body of protein encapsulation, the hydrogen bond of protein molecule can be destroyed by lye, and alkali/
Acid solution can be such that certain polar groups of protein dissociate, and increase the solubility of protein molecule, further promote albumen
The separation of matter and starch, while fiber also being made to become loose, accelerate the rate of settling of starch, improves separative efficiency.The present invention makes
Snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, purity is high are extracted with alkaline leaching or the acid-hatching of young eggs.Purity detecting is carried out to it using absorbance method, up to 98
~99%, straight chain branch ratio 1:2.5~1:3.
(2) natural snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch provided by the invention, with cornstarch phase used in current food processing
Than thermal stability is higher, and retentiveness is preferable, does not add any food additives in process of production, is the natural of real meaning
Starch, green non-pollution.
(3) a kind of method that Type B starch is isolated and purified from snakegourd fruit flesh of the present invention, easy to operate, feasibility
It is high.As a kind of snakegourd or the starch deep processing purification techniques of trichosanthes rosthornii Harms, it is greatly improved the synthesis of snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms
Utilization rate reduces environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch electron microscope of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch electron microscope of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is the x-ray diffraction pattern of the snakegourd fruit flesh starch of embodiment 1,2；
Fig. 4 is the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch thermogravimetric analysis figure of embodiment 1,2；
Fig. 5 is the dissolubility picture of the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch of embodiment 1,2；
Fig. 6 is that the swelling of the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch of embodiment 1,2 is tried hard to；
Fig. 7 is the freeze-thaw stability figure of the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch of embodiment 1,2；
Fig. 8 is that the hydrolysis combination of the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch of embodiment 1,2 is tried hard to；
Fig. 9 is the retrogradation figure of the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch of embodiment 1,2；
Specific embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.However, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real
It applies specific material proportion, process conditions and its result described in example and is merely to illustrate the present invention, without that should will not limit
The present invention described in detail in claims processed.
Embodiment 1
A kind of snakegourd Type B starch, it is to be prepared by the following method to obtain:
(1) the fruit flesh 5kg (water content about 75%) for taking fresh snakegourd, by the aqueous citric acid solution of fruit flesh and pH3.0 with 1:6
Weight ratio stirs and evenly mixs, and impregnates 6 hours.
(2) it takes step (1) soak to be centrifuged 10min with 3500rpm/min, collects solid portion.
(3) step (2) solid portion is taken, is washed till neutrality with 4 times of amount pure water, then with 3 times of amount ethanol washings, sieving (100
Mesh).
(4) by step (3) filtered solution, 4000rpm/min is centrifuged 10min, precipitates and uses the 60 DEG C of dryings of hot wind blast drier,
Up to snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.Purity of starch 98.9% is measured by absorbance method, straight chain branch ratio is 1:2.84, particle
Form such as Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of snakegourd Type B starch, it is to be prepared by the following method to obtain:
(1) the fruit flesh 2kg (water content about 75%) for taking fresh snakegourd, by the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of fruit flesh and pH10.0 with
1:5 weight ratio stirs and evenly mixs, and impregnates 4 hours.
(2) it takes step (1) soak 3000rpm/min to be centrifuged 10min, collects solid portion.
(3) step (2) solid portion is taken, is washed till neutrality with 5 times of amount pure water, 2 times of amount ethanol washings are sieved (100 mesh).
(4) by step (3) filtered solution, 5000rpm/min is centrifuged 8min, precipitates and uses 45 DEG C of dryings of hot wind forced air drying, i.e.,
Obtain snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.Purity of starch 99.1%, straight chain branch ratio 1:2.86, particle shape are measured by absorbance method
Such as Fig. 2.
Comparative example 1
A kind of snakegourd Type B starch, it is to be prepared by the following method to obtain:
(1) the fruit flesh 5kg (water content about 75%) for taking fresh snakegourd, by the aqueous citric acid solution of fruit flesh and pH3.0 with 1:6
Weight ratio stirs and evenly mixs, and impregnates 6 hours.
(2) it takes step (1) soak to be centrifuged 10min with 3500rpm/min, collects solid portion.
(3) step (2) solid portion is taken, neutrality is washed till with 4 times of amount pure water, is sieved (100 mesh).
(4) by step (3) filtered solution, 4000rpm/min is centrifuged 10min, precipitates and uses the 60 DEG C of dryings of hot wind blast drier,
Up to snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.Purity of starch 86.1% is measured by absorbance method.
3 performance test of embodiment:
Analysis of physical and chemical property by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 being made snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch is evaluated, X- diffraction knot
Fruit such as Fig. 3 (A: 1 snakegourd fruit flesh starch of embodiment, B: 2 snakegourd fruit flesh starch of embodiment) snakegourd fruit flesh starch 15 °, 17 °,
24 ° nearby there are three strong absworption peaks, so the crystallinity of snakegourd fruit flesh starch is Type B.By thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to thermal degradation
Behavior and thermal stability are evaluated.The thermal degradation process of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch can be divided into three process such as Fig. 4 (A: real
Apply 1 snakegourd fruit flesh starch B of example: 2 snakegourd fruit flesh starch of embodiment), first stage sample is in 100 DEG C of once rapid dehydrations, the rank
Section weightlessness is 10% or so；It is between 300~350 DEG C that second stage, which is in temperature, and amylose and branched amylopectin molecules chain are disconnected
The process split；Phase III is when close to 400 DEG C, and TG curve tends towards stability, this is because what inert carbonaceous residue was formed.
The weight-loss ratio in final temperature is respectively that starch 84.57 ± 0.48% is made in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 is made and forms sediment as shown in Figure 4
Powder 84.11 ± 1.67% has a narrow sharp peak in DTG figure, shows degradation rate of the starch in this temperature range
Accelerate, by DTG atlas analysis it is found that temperature is 318.53 DEG C when starch degradation rate highest is made in embodiment 2, embodiment 1 is made
Temperature when starch degradation rate highest is 318.33 DEG C, the results showed that, the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch that two methods are extracted all has
Higher thermal stability.
Starch dissolution degree and swelling power result are as shown in Figure 5,6, and the swelling power of two kinds of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch is all larger than jade
The expansive force of rice starch, starch prepared by two kinds of embodiments increases with the raising of temperature, and temperature increase can destroy starch
Grain structure, the hydrogen bond number of starch crystals area fracture increases, and free water is easier to enter inside starch granules, therefore meeting
There is the appearance of the phenomenon that swelling power increase.
Freeze-thaw stability result is as shown in fig. 7, the freeze-thaw stability for the snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch that embodiment 1 is extracted is best；
As shown in figure 8, the water binding of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch obtained by two methods is superior to the water binding of cornstarch.
As shown in figure 9, the obtained snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch retrogradation rate of two kinds of embodiments is lower, there is preferable retrogradation.
The experimental results showed that, the present invention turns waste into wealth above, by preferred method, with snakegourd or the fruit flesh of trichosanthes rosthornii Harms
It for raw material, is prepared and has excellent performance, green safe Type B starch can be widely applied to food-processing industry, have important
Environmental protection value and economic value.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the fruit flesh for taking fresh snakegourd or trichosanthes rosthornii Harms is stirred and evenly mixed by the weight ratio acid adding or alkali of 1:4~1:10, impregnates 2
~8 hours；
(2) step (1) soak is taken, is separated by solid-liquid separation by centrifugation or in a manner of suction filtration, solid portion is collected；
(3) step (2) solid portion is taken, is washed with water to neutrality, using ethanol washing, filtered solution is collected in sieving；
(4) take the filtered solution of step (3), centrifugation or be separated by solid-liquid separation in a manner of suction filtration, precipitating with hot air blower it is dry or
Freeze-drying is to get snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch.
2. the preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (1)
Acid is the aqueous citric acid solution that pH is 2.0~5.0, and alkali is the sodium hydrate aqueous solution that pH is 8.0~11.0.
3. the preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) and step
(4) centrifugation is 3000-8000rpm/min, is centrifuged 5-15min.
4. the preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step uses 3-8 in (3)
Amount pure water is washed till neutrality again, measures ethanol washing using 2-5 times, and be sieved 40-100 mesh, collects filtered solution.
5. the preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that precipitating hot wind air blast
Machine is dry at 45-60 DEG C or is freeze-dried.
6. the preparation method of snakegourd fruit flesh Type B starch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that snakegourd fruit
The purity of flesh Type B starch is 98~99%, straight chain branch ratio 1:2.5~1:3.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114887495A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-12 | 南京中医药大学 | Preparation method and application of modified dialysis membrane with alkylated composite molybdenum disulfide as modifier and trichosanthes kirilowii pulp starch as coating thickener |
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| CN114887495A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-12 | 南京中医药大学 | Preparation method and application of modified dialysis membrane with alkylated composite molybdenum disulfide as modifier and trichosanthes kirilowii pulp starch as coating thickener |
| CN114887495B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-05-07 | 南京中医药大学 | Preparation method and application of modified dialysis membrane with alkylated composite molybdenum disulfide as modifier and trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim pulp starch as coating thickener |
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Application publication date: 20190125 |