CN109265476B - 单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN109265476B
CN109265476B CN201811277228.XA CN201811277228A CN109265476B CN 109265476 B CN109265476 B CN 109265476B CN 201811277228 A CN201811277228 A CN 201811277228A CN 109265476 B CN109265476 B CN 109265476B
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郝二宏
焦莉娟
王昭昀
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用,该单氟硼荧光染料的结构如式I所示,其中,R1为C1‑C6的脂肪烃基或C6‑C15的芳烃基,R2为C6‑C15的芳烃基;该单氟硼荧光染料具有优异的荧光量子产率、溶解性和稳定性,同时制备方法具有步骤简单、原料易得的优点,进而使得该单氟硼荧光染料能够在荧光标记中的广泛应用;
Figure DDA0001847264680000011

Description

单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及氟硼荧光染料,具体地,涉及一种单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
氟硼二吡咯荧光染料(BODIPY)是近二十几年才发展起来的一类光物理化学性能优异的荧光染料分子,具有窄的吸收峰和发射峰、较高的摩尔吸光系数、较高的荧光量子产率、较好的光稳定性以及化学稳定性。但是传统的BODIPY荧光染料在应用上有一定的缺陷,比如它们的斯托克斯(Stokes)位移比较小,易荧光淬灭、溶解性差等。
因此,制备出一种具有较高的荧光量子产量和较好的溶解性全新的氟硼荧光染料具有十分重要的意义,同时现有技术中合成新型BODIPY类荧光染料类似物的方法中要么步骤繁杂,要么原料不易得、需要多步合成且产率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种单氟硼荧光染料及其制备方法和应用,该单氟硼荧光染料具有优异的荧光量子产量、溶解性和稳定性,同时制备方法具有步骤简单、原料易得的优点,进而使得该单氟硼荧光染料能够在荧光标记中的广泛应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种单氟硼荧光染料,该单氟硼荧光染料的结构如式I所示,
Figure BDA0001847264660000021
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基或C6-C15的芳烃基,R2为C6-C15的芳烃基。
本发明还提供了一种上述的单氟硼荧光染料的制备方法,该制备方法为:将如式II所示结构的二吡咯化合物在选择性氧化剂下进行氧化反应,接着将如式III所示结构的有机三氟硼酸盐添加至体系中进行接触反应以制得所述单氟硼荧光染料,
Figure BDA0001847264660000022
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基或C6-C15的芳烃基,R2为C6-C15的芳烃基,M为正一价金属离子。
本发明进一步提供了上述的单氟硼荧光染料在荧光标记中的应用。
在上述技术方案中,本发明制得的单氟硼荧光染料的最大荧光发射波长在514-545nm之间,具有优异的荧光量子产率、优异的溶解性和优异的稳定性,在荧光标记上有潜在广泛的应用;同时该制备方法步骤简单,且原料易得。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1为单氟硼荧光染料B6的晶体衍射图的正视图;
图2为单氟硼荧光染料B6的晶体衍射图的侧视图;
图3为单氟硼荧光染料B8的晶体衍射图的正视图;
图4为单氟硼荧光染料B8的晶体衍射图的侧视图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值,这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围或值的值。对于数值范围来说,各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间,以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围,这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
本发明提供了一种单氟硼荧光染料,该单氟硼荧光染料的结构如式I所示,
Figure BDA0001847264660000031
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基或C6-C15的芳烃基,R2为C6-C15的芳烃基。
在上式中,取代基的具体种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是考虑到原料的来源以及合成的产率,优选地,R1为C1-C4的脂肪烃基、C6-C10的芳烃基,R2为C6-C10的芳烃基;更优选地,R1为C1-C4的饱和脂肪烃基、C1-C4的不饱和脂肪烃基、苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基,R2为苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基;进一步优选地,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的开链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基、苯基、C6-C10的取代苯基或萘基,R2为苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基;更进一步优选地,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的直链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基、苯基、C6-C10的烷基取代苯基、C6-C10的烷氧基取代苯基、C6-C10的卤素取代苯基、C6-C10的硝基取代苯基、C6-C10的氰基取代苯基或萘基,R2为苯基、C6-C10的烷基取代苯基、C6-C10的烷氧基取代苯基、C6-C10的卤素取代苯基、C6-C10的硝基取代苯基、C6-C10的氰基取代苯基;再进一步优选地,R1为甲基、乙基、丙基、烯基、环丙基、苯基、对甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基或萘基,优选2-萘基,R2为苯基、2,4,6三甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基、对硝基苯基、对氰基苯基或2,6二氯苯基。
在上述诸多实施方式的基础上,结合实际,单氟硼荧光染料的结构优选如式B1-B12所示,
Figure BDA0001847264660000041
Figure BDA0001847264660000051
本发明还提供了一种上述的单氟硼荧光染料的制备方法,该制备方法为:将如式II所示结构的二吡咯化合物在选择性氧化剂下进行氧化反应,接着将如式III所示结构的有机三氟硼酸盐添加至体系中进行接触反应以制得所述单氟硼荧光染料,
Figure BDA0001847264660000061
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基或C6-C15的芳烃基,R2为C6-C15的芳烃基,M为正一价金属离子。
在上式中,取代基或金属离子的具体种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是考虑到原料的来源以及合成的产率,优选地,R1为C1-C4的脂肪烃基、C6-C10的芳烃基,R2为C6-C10的芳烃基;更优选地,R1为C1-C4的饱和脂肪烃基、C1-C4的不饱和脂肪烃基、苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基,R2为苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基;进一步优选地,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的开链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基、苯基、C6-C10的取代苯基或萘基,R2为苯基或C6-C10的取代苯基;更进一步优选地,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的直链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基、苯基、C6-C10的取代苯基、C6-C10的烷基取代苯基、C6-C10的烷氧基取代苯基、C6-C10的卤素取代苯基、C6-C10的硝基取代苯基、C6-C10的氰基取代苯基或萘基;,R2为苯基、C6-C10的烷基取代苯基、C6-C10的烷氧基取代苯基、C6-C10的卤素取代苯基、C6-C10的硝基取代苯基、C6-C10的氰基取代苯基;再进一步优选地,R1为甲基、乙基、丙基、烯基、环丙基、苯基、对甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基或萘基,优选2-萘基,R2为苯基、2,4,6三甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基、对硝基苯基、对氰基苯基或2,6二氯苯基,M为钾或钠。
在上述制备方法中,各物料的用量可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了进一步提高制得的单氟硼荧光染料的产率,优选地,所述二吡咯化合物、选择性氧化剂、有机三氟硼酸盐的摩尔量比为0.2:0.2-0.3:0.5-0.8;更优选地,所述二吡咯化合物、选择性氧化剂、有机三氟硼酸盐的摩尔量比为0.2:0.2-0.25:0.6-0.7。
在上述制备方法中,选择性氧化剂的种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了进一步提高制得的单氟硼荧光染料的产率,优选地,所述选择性氧化剂选自2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰对苯醌、四氯对苯醌、氧气中的至少一者;
在上述制备方法中,为了使得第二接触反应能够充分进行,并提高反应速率和转化率,优选地,所述制备方法于有机溶剂中进行,所述有机溶剂选自乙腈、二氯甲烷、甲苯、四氢呋喃中的至少一者。
在上述制备方法中,氧化反应的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了进一步提高制得的单氟硼荧光染料的产率,优选地,所述氧化反应满足以下条件:反应温度为0-25℃,反应时间为25-40min;
在上述制备方法中,接触反应的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了进一步提高制得的单氟硼荧光染料的产率,优选地,所述接触反应满足以下条件:反应温度为105-115℃,反应时间为6-10h。
在上述制备方法中,二吡咯化合物可以通过购买获得,也可以自行合成得到,为了进一步保证二吡咯化合物的纯度,优选地,所述二吡咯化合物通过以下方法制备而得:在三氟乙酸和有机溶剂的存在下,将式IV所示结构的醛与吡咯进行反应制备而得,具体可参照T.Rohand,E.Dolusic,T.H.Ngo,W.Maes,W.Dehaen,ARKIVOC 2007,x,307.文献记载的方法。
R2-CHO
IV
本发明进一步提供了上述的单氟硼荧光染料在荧光标记中的应用。
以下将通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述。核磁测定采用瑞士Bruker公司的AV-500型核磁共振仪进行;质谱的测定采用美国仪器集团的HPLC/ESI-MS型质谱仪进行;紫外光谱的测定采用日本岛津公司的UV-2450型紫外/可见分光光度计进行,荧光光谱的测定日本日立公司的F-4500FL荧光分光光度计进行,相对荧光量子产率的测定采用荧光光谱的测定日本日立公司的F-4500FL荧光分光光度计进行,单晶衍射的测定采用德国Bruker AXS公司的SMAR APEXⅡX-单晶衍射仪进行,其中λmax表示最大吸收波长、εabs表示摩尔消光系数,λem max表示最大荧光发射波长,ΦF表示相对荧光量子产率和Stokes-shift表示Stokes位移;相对荧光量子产率(ΦF)的测定是以其中相对荧光量子产率ΦF的测定以荧光黄(Φ=0.90,在0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液中)为标准染料,根据公式ΦF=ΦS*(IX/IS)*(AS/AX)*(nX/nS)2计算所得,其中ΦS为标准物CV的荧光量子产率,I为谱图积分面积,A为吸光度,n为溶剂的折光率,下角标S为标准物,X为待测物。
以下实施例中使用的原料:二氯甲烷、乙腈、无水碳酸钠、吡咯、三氟乙酸是国药集团化学试剂有限公司的产品,2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰对苯醌(DDQ)是安耐吉化学公司的产品,三氟硼酸钾盐是苏州苏凯路有限公司的产品;二吡咯为式A1-A6所示结构的化合物中的一种,
Figure BDA0001847264660000081
实施例1
式B1所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000091
将二吡咯A1(53mg,0.2mmol)加入耐高压反应瓶中,加入8mL乙腈搅拌溶解二吡咯A1,随后加入DDQ(50mg,0.22mmol)在冰水浴(0℃)下搅拌0.5h。撤去冰水浴,加入无水碳酸钠(21mg,0.2mmol)和苯基三氟硼酸钾(110mg,0.6mmol),密封耐高压反应瓶,110℃油浴中加热搅拌,TLC跟踪点板,约8h后反应完全。将反应液倒入30mL水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次(3×30mL),合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发仪旋干溶剂。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B1(产率82%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.61(s,2H),7.46(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.34–7.23(m,3H),6.98(s,2H),6.68(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),6.40(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.17(s,6H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.6,145.8,138.8,136.6,136.4,134.9,131.5,131.4,130.4,129.2,128.4,128.3,127.7,127.4,118.5,21.4,20.3,20.2.19FNMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-161.8.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C24H22BN2 +[M-F]+:349.1871,found349.1872.
实施例2
式B2所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000101
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为4-甲基苯基三氟硼酸钾(119mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B2(产率82%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.62(s,2H),7.36(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.12(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.98(s,2H),6.67(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),6.39(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.33(s,3H),2.16(s,6H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.5,145.8,138.8,136.8,136.6,136.4,134.9,131.4(9),131.4(6),130.4,129.2,128.5,128.4,128.3,118.5,21.6,21.4,20.3,20.2.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-161.8.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.ForC25H24BN2 +[M-F]+:363.2027,found 363.2024.
实施例3
式B3所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000102
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为4-甲氧基苯基三氟硼酸钾(128mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B3(产率75%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.60(s,2H),7.39(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.98(s,2H),6.86(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.68(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),6.39(d,J=3.0Hz,2H),3.80(s,3H),2.38(s,3H),2.16(s,6H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ159.2,147.5,145.8,138.8,136.7,136.4,134.9,132.8,132.7,130.4,129.2,128.4,128.3,118.4,113.2,55.2,21.4,20.2,20.1.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-160.9.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C25H24BN2O+[M-F]+:379.1976,found 379.1977.
实施例4
式B4所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000111
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为2-萘基三氟硼酸钾(140mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B4(产率83%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ8.05(s,1H),7.83(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.79(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.61(s,2H),7.49–7.39(m,3H),6.99(s,2H),6.71(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),6.39(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),2.39(s,3H),2.22(s,3H),2.19(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.7,145.9,138.9,136.7,136.4,135.0,133.4,133.3,130.6(9),130.6(7),130.4,129.6(2),129.5(7),129.5(4),129.4,128.4,128.3(2),128.2(8),127.8,127.0,125.6,125.5,118.6,21.4,20.3,20.2.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-161.9.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C28H24BN2 +[M-F]+:399.2027,found 399.2024.
实施例5
式B5所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000121
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为乙烯基三氟硼酸钾(80mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B5(产率85%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.76(s,2H),6.95(d,J=2.5Hz,2H),6.66(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),6.45(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),6.28–6.17(m,1H),5.56(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.34(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),2.36(s,3H),2.12(s,3H),2.08(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.4,145.2,138.8,136.6,136.4,134.6,130.4,129.1,128.3,128.2,123.3,123.3,118.2,21.4,20.2,20.1.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-161.9.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C20H20BN2 +[M-F]+:299.1714,found 299.1714.
实施例6
式B6所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000131
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为甲基三氟硼酸钾(73mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B6(产率73%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.82(s,2H),6.95(s,2H),6.63(d,J=3.0Hz,2H),6.44(dd,J=4.0,2.0Hz,2H),2.36(s,3H),2.10(d,J=4.0Hz,6H),0.32(d,J=11.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.4,144.6,138.7,136.7,136.4,134.4,130.5,128.9,128.3,128.2,118.1,21.4,20.2,20.1.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-151.5.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C19H20BN2 +[M-F]+:287.1714,found 287.1716;单晶衍射图如图1-2所示,为了更加清晰地看清楚结构,H原子已被抹掉。
实施例7
式B7所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000132
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是三氟硼酸钾盐为环丙基三氟硼酸钾(89mg,0.6mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B7(产率78%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.94(s,2H),6.95(s,2H),6.65(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),6.44(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),2.36(s,3H),2.10(d,J=5.0Hz,6H),0.47–0.41(m,2H),0.39–0.33(m,2H),-0.13–-0.23(m,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.2,144.6,138.7,136.7,136.4,134.7,130.6,128.9,128.3,128.2,118.0,21.4,20.2,20.1,1.2.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-169.4.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C21H22BN2 +[M-F]+:313.1871,found 313.1872.
实施例8
式B8所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000141
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是二吡咯A1换为二吡咯A2(50mg,0.2mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B8。
表征数据如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.62(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.59(s,2H),7.50(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.27–7.30(m,3H),7.07(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),6.47(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H),3.92(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ162.0,147.4,145.4,134.5,132.6,131.8(3),131.8(0),130.6,127.7,127.4,126.9,118.2,114.1,55.7.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-158.6.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C22H18BN2O+[M-F]+:337.1507,found337.1509;单晶衍射图如图3-4所示,为了更加清晰地看清楚结构,H原子已被抹掉。
实施例9
式B9所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000151
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是二吡咯A1换为二吡咯A3(44mg,0.2mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B9(产率81%)。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.65(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.63–7.57(m,3H),7.57–7.47(m,4H),7.36–7.26(m,3H),6.95(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),6.47(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.4,146.0,134.6,134.4,131.8(1),131.7(8),130.8(4),130.7(5),128.6,127.7,127.4,118.5.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-158.7.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C21H16BN2 +[M-F]+:307.1401,found 307.1405.
实施例10
式B10所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000161
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是二吡咯A1换为二吡咯A4(53mg,0.2mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B10。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ8.42(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.83(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.67(s,2H),7.50(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),7.36–7.27(m,3H),6.86(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),6.51(dd,J=4.5,2.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ149.2,147.5,143.8,140.5,134.1,131.8,131.7,131.5,130.4,127.8,127.7,123.8,119.3.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-158.5.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C21H15BN3O2 +[M-F]+:352.1252,found 352.1255.
实施例11
式B11所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000162
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是二吡咯A1换为二吡咯A5(49mg,0.2mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B11。
表征数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.86(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.66(s,2H),7.50(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.34–7.28(m,3H),6.85(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),6.50(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.3,144.2,138.7,134.1,132.4,131.8,131.7,131.2,130.4,127.8,127.7,119.2,118.2,114.5.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-158.5.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.For C22H15BN3 +[M-F]+:332.1354,found 332.1352.
实施例12
式B12所示的单氟硼荧光染料的制备:
Figure BDA0001847264660000171
按照实施例1的方法进行,所不同的是二吡咯A1换为二吡咯A6(58mg,0.2mmol)。反应后处理同实施例1。二氯甲烷和石油醚作流动相,通过柱层析分离得到黄色固体B12。
表征数据如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ7.65(s,2H),7.52–7.42(m,5H),7.31–7.27(m,3H),6.70(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),6.44(dd,J=4.0,1.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ147.0,140.8,135.4(3),135.3(6),134.3,132.0,131.4(8),131.4(5),131.3,129.0,128.5,128.4,127.8,127.4,119.1.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3,ppm):δ-162.5.HRMS(ESI)Calcd.ForC21H14BCl2N2 +[M-F]+:375.0622,found 375.0624.
对B1-B12在二氯甲烷中的光谱性质进行了检测,测试结果如表1所示:
表1
λ<sub>abs</sub><sup>max</sup>(nm) λ<sub>em</sub><sup>max</sup>(nm) logε<sub>max</sub><sup>a</sup> Φ<sup>b</sup> Stokes-shift(cm<sup>-1</sup>)
B1 502 515 4.70 0.95 500
B2 502 515 4.68 0.90 500
B3 502 515 4.56 0.10 500
B4 502 515 4.65 0.80 500
B5 499 515 4.63 0.92 620
B6 498 514 4.79 0.90 630
B7 498 514 4.62 0.93 630
B8 500 516 4.57 0.08 620
B9 502 521 4.62 0.05 730
B10 511 545 4.54 <0.01 1220
B11 509 536 4.53 <0.01 990
B12 512 528 4.68 0.83 590
表1中:Stokes-shift=1/λmax–1/λem max(cm-1),alogεmax为摩尔吸光系数的log值;bΦ为荧光量子产率。
通过上述实施例B1-B12可知,本发明提供的单氟硼荧光染料以及通过该发明提供的方法制备的单氟硼荧光染料最大荧光发射波长在514-545nm之间,同时其还具有优异的荧光量子产率和优异的溶解性,说明其在荧光标记领域具有良好的应用前景,同时该制备方法步骤简单,且原料易得。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明的思想,其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (21)

1.一种单氟硼荧光染料,其特征在于,所述单氟硼荧光染料的结构如式I所示,
Figure 808660DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基,R2为苯基、2,4,6三甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基、对硝基苯基、对氰基苯基或2,6二氯苯基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,R1为C1-C4的脂肪烃基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,R1为C1-C4的饱和脂肪烃基、C1-C4的不饱和脂肪烃基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的开链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基并且C1-C4的环烷基不为C1、C2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的直链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基并且C1-C4的环烷基不为C1、C2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,R1为甲基、乙基、丙基、烯基、环丙基。
7.根据权利要求2所述的单氟硼荧光染料,其中,所述单氟硼荧光染料的结构如式B5-B7所示,
Figure 266186DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
8.一种如权利要求1所述的单氟硼荧光染料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法为:将如式II所示结构的二吡咯化合物在选择性氧化剂下进行氧化反应,接着将如式III所示结构的有机三氟硼酸盐添加至体系中进行接触反应以制得所述单氟硼荧光染料,
Figure 628028DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
其中,R1为C1-C6的脂肪烃基,R2为苯基、2,4,6三甲基苯基、对甲氧基苯基、对硝基苯基、对氰基苯基或2,6二氯苯基,M为正一价金属离子。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,R1为C1-C4的脂肪烃基。
10.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,R1为C1-C4的饱和脂肪烃基、C1-C4的不饱和脂肪烃基。
11.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的开链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基并且C1-C4的环烷基不为C1、C2。
12.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,R1为烯基、炔基、C1-C4的直链烷基、C1-C4的环烷基并且C1-C4的环烷基不为C1、C2。
13.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,R1为甲基、乙基、丙基、烯基、环丙基,M为钾或钠。
14.根据权利要求8-13中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述二吡咯化合物、选择性氧化剂、有机三氟硼酸盐的摩尔量比为0.2:0.2-0.3:0.5-0.8。
15.根据权利要求14所述的制备方法,其中,所述二吡咯化合物、选择性氧化剂、有机三氟硼酸盐的摩尔量比为0.2:0.2-0.25:0.6-0.7。
16.根据权利要求8-13中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述选择性氧化剂选自2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰对苯醌、四氯对苯醌、氧气中的至少一者。
17.根据权利要求16所述的制备方法,其中,所述制备方法于有机溶剂中进行,所述有机溶剂选自乙腈、二氯甲烷、甲苯、四氢呋喃中的至少一者。
18.根据权利要求8-13中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述氧化反应满足以下条件:反应温度为0-25℃,反应时间为25-40min。
19.根据权利要求18所述的制备方法,其中,所述接触反应满足以下条件:反应温度为105-115℃,反应时间为6-10h。
20.根据权利要求8-13中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述二吡咯化合物通过以下方法制备而得:在三氟乙酸和有机溶剂的存在下,将式IV所示结构的醛与吡咯进行反应制备而得,
Figure 184912DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
21.一种如权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的单氟硼荧光染料在荧光标记中的应用。
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