CN109253918B - Shock wave time calibration device and time calibration method for shock test - Google Patents
Shock wave time calibration device and time calibration method for shock test Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of impact compression loading, in particular to a shock wave time calibration device and a time calibration method for an impact test. According to the invention, two waveforms generated according to signals detected by the electric probe and the optical probe are compared and analyzed, and a more accurate waveform data graph is selected to finally judge the time point of the shock wave entering the sample, so that the important parameter of the time point of the shock wave entering the sample can be calibrated more accurately, and the subsequent experimental data is more reliable and effective.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impact compression loading, in particular to a shock wave time calibration device and a time calibration method for an impact test.
Background
The dynamic ultrahigh pressure technology and the theory thereof are developed and matured in the late world war II. Its task is generally to study the mechanical properties of solid targets under dynamic ultra-high pressure conditions.
When a very strong shock wave (i.e., shock wave) propagates through a medium (mainly, a solid), state parameters such as pressure, density, and temperature of the medium change rapidly. This state is called a dynamic ultrahigh pressure state, and a technique of generating a strong shock wave is called a dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique. The dynamic ultrahigh pressure technology is an important technology in the research works such as physical equation measurement, artificial synthesis of new materials (such as diamond), research of the internal structure of the earth, impact detonation mechanism, meteorite crater formation and damage to space vehicles, armor piercing, penetration, explosion processing and the like, and is widely applied to the research works of subjects such as solid physics, celestial physics, geophysical, solid chemistry, explosion mechanics, military science and the like and a plurality of industrial technologies.
The gas gun is a dynamic high-pressure loading device developed on the basis of gun loading technology. The artillery device is simple, but because the peak pressure intensity of gunpowder which can be borne by the gunpowder chamber during ignition is limited, the average pressure intensity allowed by the bottom of an artillery projectile generally does not exceed 150MPa, the speed adjusting range of the projectile is very small and can only reach 1 km/s-2 km/s. The gas cannon overcomes the difficulty, the gas cannon can shoot bullets with various shapes, and the material, the quality, the size and the speed of the bullets have a wide selection range. The air cannon has the more outstanding advantage that the projectile can obtain higher speed under the driving of bearing lower acceleration or lower stress, so that the air cannon has higher universality and is one of the most common technologies of the dynamic pressure loading technology in China at present.
At present, the mature gas gun technology in China mainly comprises a first-level light gas gun, a second-level light gas gun and a third-level light gas gun. In an air gun impact compression experiment, the time point of a shock wave entering a sample is a very important parameter, which has very important significance for solving the wave speed of the shock wave and analyzing subsequent data. The current method for determining this time point is usually to collect the experimental signal on the experimental target by using a signal processing device such as an oscilloscope, and to determine the time point by analyzing the waveform information collected on the oscilloscope. There are two methods, one is to collect the light signal of sample surface impact by using optical fiber based on the principle of impact luminescence, and the other is to connect optical cable to collect the electric signal. Finally, the time of the shock wave entering the sample is judged by utilizing the jumping point on the waveform collected by the oscilloscope. The two methods have advantages and disadvantages respectively, the measured data of the two methods may be greatly different under the condition that the conditions of experimental materials, experimental purposes, accuracy and the like are different, and the calibration of the time point when the shock wave enters the sample is very necessary in order to enable the experimental data to be more accurate.
Therefore, the shock wave time calibration device and the shock wave time calibration method for the shock test are simple in structure and convenient and fast in calibration method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a shock wave time calibration device and a time calibration method for a shock test, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient calibration method, and can compare and analyze two waveforms generated according to signals detected by an electric probe and an optical probe, select a more accurate waveform data diagram to finally judge the time point of the shock wave entering a sample, so that the important parameter of the time point of the shock wave entering the sample can be calibrated more accurately and the subsequent experimental data is more reliable and effective.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a shock wave time calibration device for impact test, includes controllable high-speed emitter, target chamber and signal collection device, the target chamber is the vacuum target chamber, is provided with the experimental target in the target chamber, the experimental target includes base plate, fixed column, an at least optical probe and two piece at least electric probes, the fixed column sets up on the right side lateral wall of base plate, be provided with the luminous gap between base plate and the fixed column, the fixed column is passed respectively to the one end of optical probe, one end of electric probe is connected with the luminous gap, and the other end of optical probe, the other end of electric probe are connected with signal collection device respectively, controllable high-speed emitter is used for driving the left side lateral wall that the flyings strikeed the base plate.
Further, the substrate is a conductive metal.
Further, the size of the light-emitting gap is 5-20 microns.
Furthermore, the controllable high-speed transmitting device is a controllable high-speed transmitting device with a speed measuring function.
Further, the controllable high-speed launching device is a gas gun.
Furthermore, controllable high-speed emitter includes loading device and launching tube, the mouth of pipe of launching tube is provided with the magnetism speed sensor, loading device is used for driving the flyer and strikes to the base plate along the launching tube. The magnetic speed measuring device is used for detecting the initial speed of the flyer.
Furthermore, the signal collecting device comprises a transient pyrometer, a direct current power supply and an oscilloscope, wherein one end of the transient pyrometer is connected with the optical probe, the other end of the transient pyrometer is connected with the oscilloscope, one end of the direct current power supply is connected with the electrical probe, and the other end of the direct current power supply is connected with the oscilloscope.
Furthermore, the shock wave time calibration device comprises a plurality of symmetrically arranged optical probes and a plurality of symmetrically arranged electric probes.
Furthermore, the fixing column is detachably connected with the substrate.
Furthermore, the connecting end of the fixing column and the substrate is also provided with a sealing layer, and the sealing layer is used for preventing light leakage of the light-emitting gap.
A shock wave time calibration method for a shock test is characterized in that calibration is carried out through the shock wave time calibration device.
A shock wave time calibration method for a shock test specifically comprises the following steps: through the left side lateral wall of controllable high-speed emitter drive flyer striking base plate, flyer and base plate collision produce the shock wave, before the shock wave goes into the sample, optical probe received the signal of telecommunication and transmits to signal collection device, the collision makes electric probe and base plate switch-on simultaneously, produce the signal of telecommunication, the signal of telecommunication is transmitted to signal collection device by the electric probe, two kinds of corresponding wave form curves of signal of telecommunication data production according to signal collection device collection, the select signal is more stable, can accurately read out the wave form data picture of trip point and finally judge the time point that the shock wave got into the sample.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the gas cannon is used for colliding with the flying piece at a high speed to generate instantaneous high voltage and simultaneously generate shock waves, when the shock waves enter a light emitting gap in front of a sample, the light emitting gap under strong impact can generate optical signals, and the electric probe is connected with the substrate through collision, so that the substrate and a direct current power supply connected with the electric probe form a loop, corresponding electric signals are generated, and the corresponding electric signals are transmitted to the oscilloscope; the installation positions of the optical probe and the electric probe are the same, and the propagation time of the shock wave in the light-emitting gap is in the nanosecond level and can be ignored, so that the optical probe and the electric probe can be considered to be synchronously triggered; the light-emitting signal of the shock wave generated by collision before entering the sample is received by the optical probe and then is accessed into the transient pyrometer to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is directly received by the optical cable; the transient pyrometer and the direct current power supply are respectively connected with the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope receives the electric signals in the whole process, a waveform curve is generated on the oscilloscope, then the two waveforms are compared and analyzed, and a waveform data graph which is more stable in signal and can accurately read a trip point is selected to finally judge the time point of the shock wave entering the sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a shock wave time calibration device and a time calibration method for a shock test, which have simple structure and convenient calibration method, on one hand, the electric probe is communicated with a substrate by utilizing collision, so that the substrate and a direct current power supply connected with the electric probe form a loop to generate a corresponding electric signal which is received by an oscilloscope, a luminous signal generated before the shock wave enters a sample in the collision is received by an optical probe and then is connected into a transient pyrometer to convert the optical signal into the electric signal and transmit the electric signal to the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope generates a waveform curve according to the signals detected by the electric probe and the optical probe, then carries out contrastive analysis on the two waveforms, selects a more accurate waveform data diagram to finally judge the time point of the shock wave entering the sample, namely, the important parameter of the time point of the shock wave entering the sample can be calibrated more accurately, so that the subsequent experimental data are more reliable and effective.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shock wave time calibration apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the experimental target and the signal collecting device according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-controllable high-speed launching device, 2-target chamber, 3-signal collecting device, 4-loading device, 5-launching tube, 6-magnetic speed measuring device, 7-experimental target, 8-flying piece, 9-substrate, 10-fixed column, 11-optical probe, 12-electric probe, 13-transient pyrometer, 14-direct current power supply, 15-oscilloscope, 16-light emitting gap and 17-sealing layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Examples
A shock wave time calibration device for a shock test is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and comprises a controllable high-speed emission device 1, a target chamber 2 and a signal collection device 3, wherein the target chamber 2 is a vacuum target chamber, an experimental target 7 is arranged in the target chamber 2, the experimental target 7 comprises a substrate 9, a fixed column 10, at least one optical probe 11 and at least two electric probes 12, the fixed column 10 is arranged on the right side wall of the substrate 9 (of course, the fixed column 10 can also be arranged on the left side wall of the substrate 9, when the fixed column is arranged on the left side wall of the substrate 9, the subsequent controllable high-speed emission device 1 is used for driving a flyer 8 to impact the right side wall of the substrate 9), a light emitting gap 16 is arranged between the substrate 9 and the fixed column 10, one end of the optical probe 10 and one end of the electric probes 11 are respectively connected with the light emitting gap 16 through the fixed column 10, and the other end, The other ends of the electric probes 12 are respectively connected with the signal collecting devices 3, and the controllable high-speed emitting device 1 is used for driving the flyer 8 to impact the left side wall of the substrate 9.
In particular, the substrate 9 is a conductive metal.
Specifically, the size of the light-emitting gap 16 is 5-20 microns.
Specifically, the controllable high-speed transmitting device 1 is a controllable high-speed transmitting device 1 with a speed measuring function.
In particular, the controllable high-speed launching device 1 is a gas gun.
Specifically, the controllable high-speed launching device 1 comprises a loading device 4 and a launching tube 5, a magnetic speed measuring device 6 is arranged at a tube opening of the launching tube 5, and the loading device 1 is used for driving a flyer 8 to impact a substrate 9 along the launching tube 5. The magnetic speed measuring device 6 is used for detecting the initial speed of the flyer 8.
Specifically, the signal collection device 1 includes a transient pyrometer 13, a direct current power supply 14 and an oscilloscope 15, one end of the transient pyrometer 13 is connected to the optical probe 10, the other end of the transient pyrometer 13 is connected to the oscilloscope 15, one end of the direct current power supply 14 is connected to the electrical probe 12, and the other end of the direct current power supply 14 is connected to the oscilloscope 15.
Specifically, the shockwave time calibration device includes a plurality of symmetrically arranged optical probes 11 and a plurality of symmetrically arranged electric probes 12.
Specifically, the fixing post 10 is detachably connected to the substrate 9.
Specifically, the connection end of the fixing column 10 and the substrate 9 is further provided with a sealing layer 17, and the sealing layer 17 is used for preventing light leakage of the light-emitting gap 16.
A shock wave time calibration method for a shock test specifically comprises the following steps: through the left side wall that controllable high-speed emitter 1 drive flyer 8 strikeed base plate 9, flyer 8 collides with base plate 9 and produces the shock wave, before the shock wave goes into the sample, light probe 10 received the signal of telecommunication and transmits to signal collection device 3, the collision makes electric probe 11 and base plate 9 switch-on simultaneously, produce the signal of telecommunication, the signal of telecommunication is transmitted to signal collection device 3 by electric probe 11, two kinds of corresponding wave form curves are produced according to two kinds of signal of telecommunication data that signal collection device 3 collected, the selected signal is more stable, can accurately read out the wave form data map of trip point and finally judge the time point that the shock wave got into the sample.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a shock wave time calibration device for impact test, its characterized in that, includes controllable high-speed emitter, target chamber and signal collection device, is equipped with the experimental target in the target chamber, the experimental target includes base plate, fixed column, light probe and electric probe, the fixed column sets up on the right side lateral wall of base plate, be equipped with the light emitting gap between base plate and the fixed column, the one end of light probe, the one end of electric probe pass the fixed column respectively and are connected with the light emitting gap, the other end of light probe and the other end of electric probe are connected with signal collection device respectively, controllable high-speed emitter is used for driving the left side lateral wall of flyer striking base plate.
2. The shock wave time calibration device for the shock test according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a conductive metal.
3. The shock wave time calibration device for shock test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of said light emitting gap is 5 ~ 20 μm.
4. The shock wave time calibration device for the shock test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target chamber is a vacuum target chamber, at least one optical probe is provided, and at least two electrical probes are provided.
5. The shock wave time calibration device for the shock test according to claim 1, wherein the signal collection device comprises a transient pyrometer, a direct current power supply and an oscilloscope, one end of the transient pyrometer is connected with the optical probe, the other end of the transient pyrometer is connected with the oscilloscope, one end of the direct current power supply is connected with the electrical probe, and the other end of the direct current power supply is connected with the oscilloscope.
6. The shock wave time calibration device for the shock test is characterized in that the fixing column is detachably connected with the base plate.
7. The shock wave time calibration device for the shock test is characterized in that a sealing layer is further arranged at the connecting end of the fixing column and the substrate, and the sealing layer is used for preventing light leakage of the light emitting gap.
8. A shock wave time calibration method for shock test, characterized in that calibration is performed by the shock wave time calibration apparatus of any one of claim 1 ~ 7.
9. The shock wave time calibration method for the shock test according to claim 8, wherein the specific shock wave time calibration method is as follows: through the left side lateral wall of controllable high-speed emitter drive flyer striking base plate, flyer and base plate collision produce the shock wave, before the shock wave goes into the sample, optical probe received the signal of telecommunication and transmits to signal collection device, the collision makes electric probe and base plate switch-on simultaneously, produce the signal of telecommunication, the signal of telecommunication is transmitted to signal collection device by the electric probe, two kinds of corresponding wave form curves of signal of telecommunication data production according to signal collection device collection, the select signal is more stable, can accurately read out the wave form data picture of trip point and finally judge the time point that the shock wave got into the sample.
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| CN110220775B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-03-27 | 西南交通大学 | Measuring device based on sample transmissivity under impact loading of light gas gun |
| CN111366482B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-04-11 | 山西采薇集能科技有限公司 | Dynamic high-speed loading ejection device |
| CN111537055B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-19 | 商丘师范学院 | Experimental device and experimental method for arranging ultrahigh-pressure shock wave measurement probes |
| CN112326408B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-04-21 | 南京理工大学 | System and method for measuring wave velocity of solid medium in confining pressure state |
| CN113281197B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 中物院成都科学技术发展中心 | Vertical light gas gun capable of moving in multiple dimensions |
| CN113532783B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-06-28 | 中山大学 | Space environment ultra-high speed impact test device and method |
| CN114018730B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-11 | 西南交通大学 | Convenient speed measurement target device based on solid particles under light gas gun impact loading |
| CN115060939B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2024-08-13 | 西南交通大学 | Electric probe signal simulator under shock wave measurement situation |
| CN114778058B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-02 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Control method of gas circuit system of secondary air cannon for high-speed impact test of airplane structure |
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| US5446278A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-08-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Fiber optic sensor employing successively destroyed coupled points or reflectors for detecting shock wave speed and damage location |
| KR100206656B1 (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-07-01 | 이종훈 | Underground power cable test apparatus. |
| CN101511462A (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2009-08-19 | 可乐丽璐密奈丝株式会社 | Impact target capsule and impact compressor |
| CN102322936B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-04-17 | 西北核技术研究所 | Impact wave travel time parameter measuring method for single-path optical fiber and device |
| CN102507513B (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-07-10 | 天津大学 | Photoelectric probe for detecting laser plasma and use method of photoelectric probe |
| CN104034505A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 南京理工大学 | Test system and test method for underwater explosion impact equivalent loading experiment |
| CN104386268B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-08-24 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser Driven Flyer Plates assay device for fiber optic conduction |
| CN106975744A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-07-25 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of method that impact compress prepares Nb-Al alloy |
| CN108490228B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-04-21 | 武汉理工大学 | Electric probe for measuring shock wave and manufacturing method thereof |
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