CN109251776A - 一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109251776A
CN109251776A CN201811193519.0A CN201811193519A CN109251776A CN 109251776 A CN109251776 A CN 109251776A CN 201811193519 A CN201811193519 A CN 201811193519A CN 109251776 A CN109251776 A CN 109251776A
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贾谊峰
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • C10L9/12—Oxidation means, e.g. oxygen-generating compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/12—Regeneration of a solvent, catalyst, adsorbent or any other component used to treat or prepare a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

一种新型秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法。秸秆草木屑等粉碎为粒径≤5mm的碎料，用氧化钙与其按重量比：3∶4‑5混合，加适量水，搅拌成可粘结状，用煤球机制作成秸秆木屑蜂窝球，晾干后，密闭室内300度以下烘烤炭化，出厂前喷洒高锰酸钾溶液，晾干。燃烧充分，无污染。发明原理：生石灰与水反应生成熟石灰，熟石灰氢氧化钙脱掉秸秆木屑油脂，也与空气中二氧化碳反应生成碳酸钙，使秸秆木屑蜂窝球坚硬易储存。

Description

一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及秸秆木屑作为新能源开发利用领域，尤其涉及一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术
农村秸秆木屑作为新能源开发利用，当前主要有以下技术：a.秸秆木屑颗粒化技术和设备，但颗粒化时需要添加有机化学粘结剂，且颗粒化后均为实心棒状，燃烧不充分，燃烧时由于添加的有机化学粘结剂而增加了污染物的排放量。b.秸秆木屑炭化技术和设备，设备磨损大，故障率高，产量低，成本高，推广困难。c.技术上已经存在秸秆木屑蜂窝制作方法，但制作原理停留在用泥土做粘结剂的落后水平，其制作过程配料多、复杂，且需要地沟油、污泥等不易获取的原料。
发明内容
本专利提供了一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法。
将秸秆、木屑等粉碎，用生石灰与其混合搅拌成可粘结状，粘稠度与制作普通煤球一样，能用手工煤球机或用机制煤球机压制成蜂窝球即可。刚制作成蜂窝球时，结构比较松，容易散，半天后更湿，一天之后，就比较坚硬，晾干后很轻，也比较结实，易于搬动，储存，燃烧方便，三口之家，四块就够做一顿饭，燃烧充分，火焰成黄色，火力大，火焰高，除点燃阶段有及其少量烟以外，然烧过程中无烟，无污染，是十分理想的清洁能源。燃烧灰烬主要成分为氧化钙与含有镁、钾等微量元素，是十分优质的改良酸性土壤的肥料，也是造纸、食品添加剂、编织袋、建筑等重要的优质原料，工厂用秸秆木屑蜂窝球供热，可获得丰厚经济效益。
技术措施
一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将秸秆木屑粉碎为粒径≤5mm的碎料；(2)将生石灰CaO与秸秆木屑按重量比3∶4-5混合，搅拌均匀，加水适量搅拌成可粘结状；(3)将粘结状混合料送入煤球机压制成秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(4)晾干秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(5)放在密闭室内在300度以下的温度烘烤使炭化；(6)出厂前，用浓度0.5％～1％浓度的高锰酸钾溶液喷洒在干透的秸秆木屑蜂窝球上和蜂窝孔洞里面，晾干。
发明原理：生石灰CaO与水反应生成熟石灰Ca(OH)2，Ca(OH)2具有较强的碱性，造纸常用它碱化处理木屑所含的油脂，使木屑分化、软化为纤维浆。氢氧化钙与空气中的二氧化碳反应，生成碳酸钙和水，水蒸发掉以后，形成致密、比较坚硬的碳酸钙，使蜂窝球比较坚硬，不易碎烂。由于氢氧化钙脱脂作用，油脂脱掉了，减少了油烟，蜂窝孔扩大了与氧气接触面积，燃烧充分，几乎没有烟尘，环保效果，几乎与木炭相同。生成的碳酸钙结合致密，比较坚硬，容易储存。喷洒高锰酸钾溶液晾干后，由于高锰酸钾具有强氧化性，受热会释放氧气，具有助燃作用，不但降低着火点，易于点燃，更使秸秆木屑蜂窝球更容易充分燃烧，减少烟尘。
附图说明
附图1中1是“秸秆木屑蜂窝球”；2是“秸秆木屑蜂窝球”均匀分布的孔。
具体实施方式
实施实例1
一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，按如下步骤实施：
(1)将秸秆木屑粉碎为粒径≤5mm的碎料；(2)将CaO与秸秆木屑按重量比3∶4-5混合，搅拌均匀，加水适量搅拌成可粘结状；(3)将可粘结状混合料送入煤球机压制成秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(4)晾干秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(5)放在密闭室内在290度以下的温度下烘烤使炭化。(6)出厂前，用浓度0.5％～1％的高锰酸钾溶液喷洒在干透的秸秆木屑蜂窝球上和蜂窝孔洞里面，晾干。
实施实例2
一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，按如下步骤实施：
(1)将秸秆木屑粉碎为粒径≤5mm的碎料；(2)将CaO与秸秆木屑按重量比3∶4混合，搅拌均匀，加水适量搅拌成可粘结状；(3)将可粘状混合料送入煤球机压制成秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(4) 晾干秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(5)放在密闭室内在300度以下的温度烘烤使炭化；(6)出厂前，用浓度为0.5％～1％的高锰酸钾溶液喷洒在干透的秸秆木屑蜂窝球上和蜂窝孔洞里面，晾干。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施实例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，如，用特制煤球机制作为长方体或正方体等多种形体的秸秆木屑蜂窝，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
具体实施实例2：
与具体实施实例1基本相同，区别有二，1是培养基的形体变为长方体。2是移栽槽变为圆柱体。
以上所述的仅是本专利的实施实例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本专利结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，如培养基也可做成长方体、正方体等其他形状，移栽槽也可能做成圆形、正方形，三角形、梯形等其他几何形状，移栽槽的材质可以是塑料的、玻璃的、陶瓷的、不锈钢的等等这些也应该视为本专利的保护范围，这些都不会影响本专利实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。

Claims (6)

1.一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将秸秆木屑粉碎为粒径≤5mm的碎料；(2)将CaO与秸秆木屑按重量比3∶4-5混合，搅拌均匀，加水适量搅拌成可粘结状；(3)将可粘结状混合料送入煤球机压制成秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(4)晾干秸秆木屑蜂窝球；(5)放在密闭室内在300度以下的温度下烘烤使炭化；(6)用浓度为0.5％～1％的高锰酸钾溶液喷洒在干透的秸秆木屑蜂窝球上和蜂窝孔洞里面，晾干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：将生石灰CaO与秸秆木屑混合，用煤球机压制成蜂窝球。
3.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：将生石灰CaO与秸秆木屑按重量比3∶4-5混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：将机制秸秆木屑蜂窝球，放在密闭室内在300度以下温度烘烤使炭化。
5.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：出厂前，用浓度为0.5％～1％的高锰酸钾溶液喷洒在风干的秸秆木屑蜂窝球上和蜂窝孔洞里面，晾干。
6.根据权利要求1所述的秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：可用特制煤球机，制作成长方体、正方体等多种形体的蜂窝球。
CN201811193519.0A 2018-10-15 2018-10-15 一种秸秆木屑蜂窝燃料及其制备方法 Withdrawn CN109251776A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109762620A (zh) * 2019-03-16 2019-05-17 芜湖苜邦智能装备有限公司 一种秸秆蜂窝球的成型加工方法
CN111205901A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-05-29 重庆霏洋环保科技股份有限公司 一种利用花椒树枝制备速燃炭材料的方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109762620A (zh) * 2019-03-16 2019-05-17 芜湖苜邦智能装备有限公司 一种秸秆蜂窝球的成型加工方法
CN111205901A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-05-29 重庆霏洋环保科技股份有限公司 一种利用花椒树枝制备速燃炭材料的方法

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