CN109249621A - A method of selective laser processing connection metal and thermoplastic composite based on interlocking structure - Google Patents
A method of selective laser processing connection metal and thermoplastic composite based on interlocking structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109249621A CN109249621A CN201811118298.0A CN201811118298A CN109249621A CN 109249621 A CN109249621 A CN 109249621A CN 201811118298 A CN201811118298 A CN 201811118298A CN 109249621 A CN109249621 A CN 109249621A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods using the processing of selective laser micro-structure and selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite, connector bonding strength is improved by forming interlocking structure in metal and thermoplastic composite linkage interface, solves and haves the defects that bonding strength is low with nonmetallic materials rear joint using existing connection method connection metal material.The present invention is realized according to the following steps using the method for selective laser processing connection metal material and thermoplastic composite: one, removing metal material surface oxide layer using laser cleaning technique；Two, the metal material surface constituency using laser-processing system after removing removing oxide layer processes micro-structure；Three, metal and thermoplastic composite are clamped using clamping device and is fixed on laser processing platform, metal material surface is heated using laser-processing system constituency, interlocking structure, i.e. connection between realization metal material and thermoplastic composite are formed in metal material and thermoplastic composite overlapping regions contact interface by heat transfer.Bonding strength height, fatigue life between the metal material and thermoplastic composite of connection method connection of the present invention is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-structure laser processing and laser emission technical field of heating, utilize laser more particularly to a kind of
The method of constituency processing micro structure and selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite.
Research background
Aerospace, automobile manufacture, medical devices, petrochemical industry, micro- electricity are connected between metal and nonmetallic materials
The fields such as son encapsulation and evacuated collector tube, which have, to be widely applied.The alloy materials density such as titanium alloy, aluminium alloy is low, specific strength
Height, fracture toughness are good but expensive, and thermoplastic composite plasticity is good, and being combined by more materials not only may be implemented loss of weight etc.
The application demand of aspect maximally utilizes the advantage of material respectively, meanwhile, every kind of material can reach the use of local load
It is required that the deficiency of material itself is made up, to reduce overall cost, expand application field.
Connection method of traditional metal between nonmetallic materials mainly have welding, riveting, mechanical bond, in conjunction with gluing
Deng, but all there is very big defect in these methods.Since metal material and thermoplastic composite thermal expansion coefficient differ greatly, by super
The jointing stress that sound wave assists the welding methods such as weldering, induction welding to realize is concentrated, and a large amount of micro-cracks, joint performance occurs in postwelding
Difference.Since nonmetallic materials are mainly with Covalent bonding together, metal material is mainly combined with ionic bond and metallic bond, dissimilar material knot
Closing key difference causes the mechanical property of materials and physical property there are larger difference, and interface cohesion is difficult.It is realized using riveting process
Metal material and nonmetallic materials between connection can be riveted combination of materials appearance, function and dynamic fatigue strength produce
Raw severely restricts, the dynamic fatigue strength of riveting point is low, easily forms friction and brings noise and mass defect, generation loosens, and causes
Safety problem, and riveting point leakproofness is poor, production process is various, low efficiency, and overall cost is high.Mechanical connecting joint, which is also easy to produce, answers
Power collection neutralizes residual stress, and since creep, moisture and stress relaxation etc. easily cause fastener to loosen, and polymer material is to notch
Sensitivity is also easy to produce micro-crack, is mechanically connected complex production process, low efficiency.And it applies glue connection and is only capable of meeting certain use and want
It asks, resistant to high temperatures, there are security risks in terms of impact resistance, anti-aging property, and the gel solidification time is long, seriously affect flowing water work
Industry efficiency, overall cost are high.
Realize that the connection between metal and nonmetallic materials is deposited more using laser emission heating or laser transmission heating at present
In the disadvantages such as connector defect, bonding strength be low.It is multiple that the present invention proposes that a kind of combination micro-structure laser processing is heated with laser emission
The connection between technique realization light alloy and thermoplastic composite is closed, it is recessed that the thermoplastic composite of fusing is filled into micro-structure
Slot forms self-locking structure in connector linkage interface after cooled and solidified, realizes the high bonding strength of connector and high dynamic fatigue life, and
It is safety and environmental protection, at low cost.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of existing interconnection technique, the present invention is for the company between metal material and thermoplastic composite
It connects, proposes that a kind of selective laser micro-structure is processed and Joining Technology method is heated in constituency, formed in connector linkage interface a kind of mutual
Lock construction realizes the connection of high bonding strength, high fatigue life between metal material and thermoplastic composite, Joining Technology letter
It is single, at low cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: metal and thermoplastic composite that selection connects for realizing unlike material；
Step 2: removing metal material surface oxide layer using laser cleaning technique；
Step 3: design is in the micro-structure to be processed of metal material surface；
Step 4: metal material is fixed on laser processing platform, metal material surface constituency micro-structure laser is determined
Processing technology path processes the micro-structure of design in metal material surface；
Step 5: metal and thermoplastic composite are clamped using clamping device and are fixed on laser processing platform
(Fig. 1)；
Step 6: determining that the laser technical parameters of selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite are swept with light beam
Path is retouched, using selective laser heated metal surfaces connection metal and thermoplastic composite (Fig. 1), realizes connector linkage interface
Interlocking structure (Fig. 2).
Wherein,
Metal material described in step 1 includes the metal materials such as titanium alloy, stainless steel, aluminium alloy, nickel alloy, magnesium alloy,
Thermoplastic composite includes polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), polyamide (PA), glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide (PA66GF30 etc.), carbon
Fibre-reinforced polyamide (PA/CF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) etc., metal material and thermoplastic composite material
The thickness of material is 0.5-5mm.
Micro-structure described in step 3 includes V-arrangement very low power structure (Fig. 2 (a)), trapezoidal very low power structure (Fig. 2 (b)), falls
Trapezoidal very low power structure (Fig. 2 (c)), oblique very low power structure (Fig. 2 (d)), herringbone very low power structure (Fig. 2 (e)) and eight words
Shape very low power structure (Fig. 2 (f)).
The V-arrangement very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%.
The trapezoidal very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%.
The inverted trapezoidal very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%.
The oblique very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%, groove and metal material surface angle are 0-90 °.
The herringbone very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%.
The splayed very low power structure width be 10-500 μm, 10-1000 μm of trench depth, groove density 15%-
85%.
Laser-processing system described in step 4 is ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser or picosecond pulse laser system of processing.
The nanosecond laser working process parameter of the processing of metal material surface micro-structure described in step 4 is as follows: laser processing
Power is 30~500W, and laser frequency is 100~1000kHz, and pulse width is 10~400ns, and wavelength is 300~1070nm,
Beam scanning rate is 10-500mm/s.
The picosecond laser working process parameter of the processing of metal material surface micro-structure described in step 4 is as follows: laser processing
Power is 1~50W, and laser frequency is 100~1000kHz, and pulse width is 10~800ps, and wavelength is 300~1070nm, light
Beam scan velocity is 10-500mm/s.
Constituency heating laser technological parameter described in step 6 is as follows: laser processing power is 30~300W, laser frequency
For 100~1000kHz, pulse width is 10~400ns, and wavelength is 300~1070nm, beam scanning rate 100-
5000mm/s。
Constituency heating surface (area) (HS described in step 6 is 1-500mm2。
The present invention, in metal material surface constituency processing micro structure, is used using ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser or picosecond pulse laser
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser heats in metal material surface constituency, forms metal and thermoplastic composite jointing interface and interlocks
Structure realizes the high bonding strength and high fatigue life of jointing.
Relative to conventional metals and nonmetallic materials connection method, a kind of selective laser micro-structure processing of the present invention and heating
The method for connecting metal and thermoplastic composite, advantage include:
(1) laser processing micro-structure has many advantages, such as that machining accuracy is high, non-contact, high flexibility, machined parameters and light beam
Scan path is flexibly adjustable；
(2) connector linkage interface forms interlocking structure, and connector bonding strength is high, fatigue life is high；
Laser processing procedure does not use any chemical material, and equipment is simple, safety and environmental protection, and process costs are low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process device figure of the present invention using selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite；
Fig. 2 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) are that selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite are connecing
The interlocking structure schematic diagram that head linkage interface is formed；
Fig. 3 (a), (b), (c) are to be fallen using laser processing technology in the typical case that Typical Metals titanium alloy surface is processed
The optical microscopic image of trapezoidal very low power structure, oblique very low power structure, herringbone very low power structure；
Fig. 3 (d) is that Joining Technology method is heated using selective laser in Typical Metals titanium alloy and Typical thermoplastic
The interlocking structure optical microscopic image formed between composite material polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK)；
Fig. 4 is the stretching song for forming jointing between Typical Metals titanium alloy and PEEK using the method for the present invention
Line.
Figure label is as follows:
1, laser beam 2, metal material 3, bolt 4, pressing plate 5, thermoplastic composite 6, clamping plate
Specific embodiment
Content for a better understanding of the invention carries out technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments detailed
Thin to introduce, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of connection method for processing and heat connection metal and thermoplastic composite using selective laser micro-structure, packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: removing metal material surface oxide layer using laser cleaning technique；
Step 2: metal sample is fixed on ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser processing platform, according to designed micro structured pattern
And laser technical parameters, micro-structure (Fig. 3 (a)) is processed in the metal sample surface constituency for removing removing oxide layer；
Step 3: using clamping device (Fig. 1) by the metal material sample and nonmetallic materials after the processing micro structure of surface
It clamps and is fixed on ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser processing platform；
Step 4: according to set selective laser heating Joining Technology parameter and scan path to metal material surface into
Row constituency heating, as shown in Figure 1, making the thermoplastic composite of metal Yu thermoplastic composite contact surface by heat transfer
It melts and fills metal surface very low power structure, after composite material cooled and solidified to be melted, formed and interlocked in connector linkage interface
Structure (Fig. 3 (d)).
Quality is formed using optical microscopy characterization connector linkage interface interlocking structure.
In the present embodiment, the metal material selects Ti6Al4V, with a thickness of 3mm, the thermoplastic composite choosing
With PEEK, with a thickness of 1mm.
In the present embodiment, nanosecond laser is selected in the metal surface micro-structure processing, and laser machined parameters are specific
Are as follows: optical maser wavelength 1064nm, laser pulse width 340ns, laser power 90W, laser repetition rate 100kHz, light
Beam scan velocity is 100mm/s.
It is inverted trapezoidal very low power structure in the micro-structure that metal material surface is processed, such as Fig. 3 (a) in the present embodiment
Shown, very low power constructional depth is 300 μm, and width is 500 μm, density 50%, area 120mm2。
In the present embodiment, specific laser machined parameters in the selective laser heating Joining Technology are as follows: laser wave
A length of 1064nm, laser pulse width 340ns, laser power 90W, laser repetition rate 100kHz, light beam scanning speed
Degree is 2000mm/s.
In the present embodiment, it is formed by shown in interlocking structure such as Fig. 2 (c) using selective laser heating Joining Technology, section
Shown in the optical microphotograph picture such as Fig. 3 (d) in face.
The above embodiment of the present invention is intended to be merely illustrative of the present done citing, is not intended to limit the present invention
Embodiment.It is all in spirit of that invention and principle, to any modification, improvement made by the method for the present invention, step or condition
Deng all belonging to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method processed using selective laser micro-structure and heat connection metal and thermoplastic composite, feature are existed
In:
Step 1 removes metal material surface oxide layer using laser cleaning technique；
Step 2: the design micro-structure to be processed of metal material surface；
Step 3: the laser processing technology parameter and beam scanning path of metal material surface micro-structure processing are determined, using sharp
Light system of processing processes micro-structure in metal material surface；
Step 4: metal and thermoplastic composite are clamped using clamping device and are fixed on laser processing platform；
Step 5: determining that the laser technical parameters and light beam of selective laser heating connection metal and thermoplastic composite scan road
Diameter realizes connector linkage interface using laser-processing system heating metal material surface connection metal and thermoplastic composite
Interlocking structure.
2. connection metal and thermoplastic composite are processed and heated to a kind of utilization selective laser micro-structure according to claim 1
The method of material, which is characterized in that the metal material includes titanium alloy, stainless steel, aluminium alloy, nickel alloy, magnesium alloy etc.,
Thermoplastic composite includes polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), polyamide (PA), glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide (PA66GF30 etc.), carbon
Fibre-reinforced polyamide (PA/CF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) etc., metal material and thermoplastic composite material
Material with a thickness of 0.5-5mm.
3. connection metal and thermoplastic composite are processed and heated to a kind of utilization selective laser micro-structure according to claim 1
The method of material, which is characterized in that the micro-structure to be processed of metal material surface described in step 2 includes V-arrangement very low power knot
Structure, trapezoidal very low power structure, inverted trapezoidal very low power structure, oblique very low power structure, herringbone very low power structure, the micro- ditch of splayed
Slot structure etc., micro-structure area are 1-500mm2。
4. connection metal and thermoplastic composite are processed and heated to a kind of utilization selective laser micro-structure according to claim 1
The method of material, which is characterized in that laser-processing system described in step 3 is ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser system of processing or picosecond arteries and veins
Rush laser-processing system.
5. a kind of heated using the processing of selective laser micro-structure according to claim 1 connects metal and thermoplastic composite material
The method of material, which is characterized in that laser-processing system described in step 5 is ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser system of processing, and selective laser adds
The constituency heating surface (area) (HS for being thermally connected metal and nonmetallic materials is 1-500mm2。
6. V-arrangement very low power structure according to claim 3, trapezoidal very low power structure, inverted trapezoidal very low power structure, herringbone
Very low power structure, splayed very low power structure, which is characterized in that the very low power width is 10-500 μm, depth 10-1000
μm, groove density 15%-85%.
7. oblique very low power structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that oblique very low power structure width is 10-500
μm, 10-1000 μm of depth, groove density 15%-85%, the angle between groove and metal material surface is 0-90 °.
8. ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser system of processing according to claim 4, which is characterized in that laser processing power be 30~
500W, laser frequency are 100~1000kHz, and pulse width is 10~400ns, and wavelength is 300~1070nm, light beam scanning speed
Degree is 10-500mm/s.
9. picosecond pulse laser system of processing according to claim 4, which is characterized in that laser processing power be 1~
50W, laser frequency are 100~1000kHz, and pulse width is 10~1000ps, and wavelength is 300~1070nm, light beam scanning speed
Degree is 10-500mm/s.
10. ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser system of processing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that laser processing power be 30~
300W, laser frequency are 100~1000kHz, and pulse width is 10~400ns, and wavelength is 300~1070nm, light beam scanning speed
Degree is 100-5000mm/s.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110284100A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 大连大学 | A kind of connection method of Cf/SiC composite material and other metals |
| CN110548871A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Interface microstructure suitable for preparing heterogeneous multi-material component by selective laser melting technology |
| CN111168240A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-19 | 吉林大学 | Laser welding method for aluminum alloy and plastic, grinding clamp and clamping clamp |
| CN111169021A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 哈尔滨学院 | Intelligent model processing system |
| CN111407467A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-07-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | High-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring |
| CN111958979A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Friction lap welding method for metal and thermoplastic resin material |
| CN112497760A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for connecting metal and continuous fiber reinforced composite material by laser heating based on metal surface micro-cone structure design and processing |
| CN113414496A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-21 | 北京工业大学 | Method for enhancing connection strength of composite material and metal through ultrafast laser treatment |
| CN114407372A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-29 | 国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心 | Device and method for improving laser connection strength of metal piece and plastic piece |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110284100A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 大连大学 | A kind of connection method of Cf/SiC composite material and other metals |
| CN110548871A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Interface microstructure suitable for preparing heterogeneous multi-material component by selective laser melting technology |
| CN111407467A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-07-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | High-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring |
| CN111169021A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 哈尔滨学院 | Intelligent model processing system |
| CN111168240A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-19 | 吉林大学 | Laser welding method for aluminum alloy and plastic, grinding clamp and clamping clamp |
| CN111958979A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Friction lap welding method for metal and thermoplastic resin material |
| CN112497760A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for connecting metal and continuous fiber reinforced composite material by laser heating based on metal surface micro-cone structure design and processing |
| CN112497760B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-05-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for connecting metal and continuous fiber reinforced composite material by laser heating based on metal surface micro-cone structure design and processing |
| CN113414496A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-21 | 北京工业大学 | Method for enhancing connection strength of composite material and metal through ultrafast laser treatment |
| CN114407372A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-29 | 国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心 | Device and method for improving laser connection strength of metal piece and plastic piece |
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Application publication date: 20190122 |