CN111407467A - High-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring - Google Patents
High-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN111407467A CN111407467A CN202010016541.9A CN202010016541A CN111407467A CN 111407467 A CN111407467 A CN 111407467A CN 202010016541 A CN202010016541 A CN 202010016541A CN 111407467 A CN111407467 A CN 111407467A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/3097—Designing or manufacturing processes using laser
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring.A spectrometer monitoring signal forms closed-loop control through an industrial personal computer and a laser controller, and can monitor the bone processing depth in real time and adjust laser processing technological parameters on line to realize high-quality laser bone processing. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating a bone sample and placing the bone sample on a processing platform; setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing a bone sample; and monitoring spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished. The invention realizes the on-line monitoring of the processing material in the bone processing process, avoids damaging soft tissues in the bone and realizes the purposes of safe and controllable clinic, high precision and high quality laser bone processing on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of the technical field of laser processing in orthopedics, in particular to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectral monitoring.
Background
In many medical applications, bones of humans or animals are cut or drilled for different purposes. For example, to correct the shape of a bone, it is known to apply one or more cuts to the bone and reshape the bone along the cut. In order to treat various fractures, it is common practice to cut soft tissues of the affected part, drill one or more bone holes on the bone according to the specific condition of the fracture, and then fix the bone with professional medical instruments such as bone nails, compression plates or external fixation brackets. However, in the current bone drilling process, the operation is basically performed manually by a doctor, and the operation process is judged subjectively. In the drilling process, the electric drill can pass through the stereoplasm bone, the cancellous bone of skeleton in proper order and pass to the stereoplasm bone again, has the process of grow again from the size in the dynamics, and the doctor judges the electric drill depth of arrival through feeling dynamics change circumstances. The laser bone processing provides a non-mechanical contact type bone processing scheme, the processing precision is high, and mechanical damage is basically avoided. However, in the laser processing process, the processing depth is judged subjectively, the subjective factor is too large, the sizes of bones of different people are different, the controllability of the processing depth is low, the processing depth is too deep, bone marrow, blood vessels, nerves, muscles and the like are damaged, and the subsequent operation is influenced.
Therefore, the plasma plume generated in the laser bone processing process is monitored on line, and the processing substance is monitored on line in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. When the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, soft tissues in bones are prevented from being damaged, and the laser bone processing with clinical safety, controllability, high precision and high quality is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring. Plasma signals generated in the laser bone processing process are collected by a collimator and output to a spectrometer through an optical fiber for analysis, and on the basis of obtaining an emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties of the plasma, the online monitoring of processing substances in the laser bone processing process is realized. The spectrometer forms closed-loop control through the industrial personal computer and the laser controller, and when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, the laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, thereby avoiding damaging soft tissues in bones and realizing safe and controllable clinical, high-precision and high-quality laser bone processing. .
A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;
setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.
And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.
Preferably, the laser processing system in the first step includes a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample stage, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.
Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and input to the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits an analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits a control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change laser parameters in real time.
Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.
Preferably, the laser processing parameters in the step two include a laser wavelength of 193-.
Preferably, the spectral signal in step three includes collecting a plasma signal generated during the laser processing by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.
Preferably, the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.
Preferably, the online monitoring in the third step includes obtaining real-time data of the laser processing material through the plasma emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties and spectrum integral intensity thereof and feeding back the real-time data to the industrial personal computer.
Preferably, the real-time optimization of the laser process parameters in the third step includes that the spectrometer, the industrial personal computer, the laser controller and the laser are controlled by closed-loop PID.
Preferably, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time in the third step, and the laser adjustment parameters include laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.
The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring, which adopts a spectrometer to perform on-line monitoring on plasma plumes generated in the laser bone processing process, and realizes the on-line monitoring on processing substances in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. The spectrometer forms closed-loop control through the industrial personal computer and the laser controller, and when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, the laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, thereby avoiding damaging soft tissues in bones and realizing safe and controllable clinical, high-precision and high-quality laser bone processing. Compared with the traditional mechanical bone processing method, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention can realize the on-line monitoring of the processing material in the laser bone processing process, greatly reduce the damage to the tissues around the bone in the bone processing process and improve the laser bone processing quality and efficiency;
(2) the method is based on the on-line monitoring of plasma spectrum signals generated in the laser bone processing process, forms closed-loop control with a laser controller, and can automatically adjust laser parameters in real time according to different bone processing substances of the laser.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a laser bone machining apparatus based on spectral monitoring according to the present invention; wherein: the device comprises a scanning galvanometer 1, a laser 2, a laser controller 3, an industrial personal computer 4, a spectrometer 5, a collimator 6, a plasma 7, a bone 8 and a sample table 9, wherein the plasma is generated in the bone processing process.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a monitoring and control method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 corresponding spectra of different processing substances during laser bone processing
Fig. 4 is a graph of laser bone processing effect optimized by on-line monitoring feedback of the presence/absence of a spectrum.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention is more clearly and clearly defined. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;
setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.
And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.
Preferably, the laser processing system in the first step includes a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample stage, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.
Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and input to the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits an analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits a control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change laser parameters.
Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.
Preferably, the laser processing parameters in the step two include a laser wavelength of 193-.
Preferably, the spectral signal in step three includes collecting a plasma signal generated during the laser processing by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.
Preferably, the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.
Preferably, the online monitoring in the third step includes obtaining real-time data of the laser processing material through the plasma emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties and spectrum integral intensity thereof and feeding back the real-time data to the industrial personal computer.
Preferably, the real-time optimization of the laser process parameters in the third step includes that the spectrometer, the industrial personal computer, the laser controller and the laser are controlled by closed-loop PID.
Preferably, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time in the third step, and the laser adjustment parameters include laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.
The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring, which adopts a spectrometer to perform on-line monitoring on plasma plumes generated in the laser bone processing process, and realizes the on-line monitoring on processing substances in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. The spectrometer and the laser controller form closed-loop control, when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, soft tissues in bones are prevented from being damaged, and the laser bone processing with clinical safety, controllability, high precision and high quality is realized.
The first embodiment is as follows:
step one, taking fresh sheep bones to remove bone surface tissues and periosteum, washing the sheep bones with distilled water, and placing the sheep bones on a sample processing table.
Step two, setting initial laser processing parameters: the laser pulse width is 260fs, the laser power is 15W, the laser repetition frequency is 100kHz, the scanning speed is 2000mm/s, the scanning shape is set to be circular, and the scanning interval is 10 mu m.
And step three, starting related monitoring equipment and a laser, monitoring a spectral signal during bone processing on line, judging whether the bone processing depth meets the requirement or not in real time according to the spectral signal characteristic, and adjusting laser process parameters in real time until the process is finished.
Example two:
step one, taking fresh pig bones to remove bone surface tissues and periosteum, washing the pig bones with distilled water, and placing the pig bones on a sample processing table.
Step two, setting initial laser processing parameters: the laser pulse width is 10ps, the laser power is 20W, the laser repetition frequency is 200kHz, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the scanning shape is set to be circular, and the scanning interval is 20 mu m.
And step three, starting related monitoring equipment and a laser, monitoring a spectral signal during bone processing on line, judging whether the bone processing depth meets the requirement or not in real time according to the spectral signal characteristic, and adjusting laser process parameters in real time until the process is finished.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;
setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.
And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.
2. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser processing system in the step one comprises a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample table, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.
3. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the laser processing system in the step one, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and is input into the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits the analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits the control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change the laser parameter.
4. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.
5. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser processing parameters in the step two include laser wavelength 193- > 2940nm, power of 1-100W, repetition frequency of 1KHz-10MHz, and galvanometer scanning speed of 500- > 4000 mm/s.
6. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spectral signal in the third step includes collecting a plasma signal generated in the laser processing process by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.
7. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.
8. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the on-line monitoring in the third step comprises the steps of obtaining real-time data of the laser processing substance through the plasma emission spectrum, the thermodynamic property of the plasma emission spectrum and the spectrum integral intensity, and feeding the real-time data back to the industrial personal computer.
9. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time, and the laser process parameters comprise a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer, a laser controller and a laser which are controlled by adopting a closed-loop PID.
10. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, optimizing laser process parameters in real time, wherein the laser adjusting parameters comprise laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.
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| CN109249621A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | A method of selective laser processing connection metal and thermoplastic composite based on interlocking structure |
| CN110090075A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of femtosecond laser bone processing positioning and processing method based on optical monitoring signal |
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Patent Citations (9)
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| CN1759307A (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2006-04-12 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Spectroscopic analysis apparatus and method with excitation system and focus monitoring system |
| US20090043296A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2009-02-12 | University Of Rochester | Photodynamic therapy with spatially resolved dual spectroscopic monitoring |
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Application publication date: 20200714 |