CN109247447A - Substitute the yeast hydrolyate and preparation method thereof of plasma protein powder production creep feed - Google Patents
Substitute the yeast hydrolyate and preparation method thereof of plasma protein powder production creep feed Download PDFInfo
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the yeast hydrolyates and preparation method thereof of substitution plasma protein powder production creep feed, and wherein yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, and small peptide accounts for 32% or more of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass, preferably 35% or more.The yeast milk that saccharomycete is obtained by pure culture liquid fermentation, yeast hydrolyate is obtained through aqtocytolysis, directional enzymatic and seasoning, concentrate drying, wherein directional enzymatic and seasoning include following process: 55-65 DEG C of temperature of control adjusts pH to after between 4-6, papain, alkali protease, mannonase 1,4 beta-glucanase and neutral proteinase are sequentially added, 8-16 hours enzymatic hydrolysis are carried out.Small peptide content is high in yeast hydrolyate of the invention, and protein, nucleotide, small peptide, amino acid content balance can generate better phagostimulating effect, improve piglet growth performance when applied to creep feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to yeast hydrolyate production methods, more particularly to applied to the yeast hydrolyate production method of creep feed
And product.
Background technique
Livestock-raising industry is faced with the problems such as the scarcity of high-end protein raw materials resource at present.Fish meal is as feed row
The most common protein raw materials of industry, are limited by fishery resources and international market, and price fluctuation is violent.Animal derived protein raw blood plasma egg
White powder is to collect fresh pig blood, by sterilization, a series of lifes such as blood constitutent separation, concentration, film filtering and spray drying
Production. art obtains powder product, and the product nutrition is more comprehensive, and for protein content 75% or more, the ratio of amino acid is more flat
Weighing apparatus, simultaneously containing other immune substances such as a large amount of somatomedin, interferon, hormone, lysozyme, rush good with palatability
Growth improves the features such as immune and reduction suckling piglet diarrhea, is widely used in piglet preweaning feed.However plasma protein powder by
In the raw material sources the problems such as, leading to product, there are bio-safety hidden danger, such as may induce pig epidemic diarrhea and there are homologous
Infections risk.Therefore feed factory is urgent to the novel protein raw materials requirement of stabilization, safety, high-quality.
Saccharomycete is the single celled eukaryotic microorganism that there is Important Economic to be worth, itself is a kind of high-quality protein raw material.Ferment
Female hydrolysate is with saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) etc. for strain, the thallus obtained through liquid fermentation,
Again after self-dissolving or external source enzymatic hydrolysis, concentration or the dry product obtained.Yeast soluble matter is un-extracted, crude protein content
Not less than 35% (" feedstuff catalogue " 2013).Yeast hydrolyate is generally rich in nucleic acid (flavour nucleotide), small peptide (food calling
Peptide), amino acid, the ingredients such as glutathione.Yeast hydrolyate can be used as functional small peptide since its small peptide and nucleic acid content are high
And extraneous nucleotide nutrient source, it is widely used in young animal.About research of the yeast hydrolyate in animal applications, it has also become
One of the research hotspot of modern disease-resistant nutritive.
" a kind of porket creep feed and its production method " (CN104642814A), provide a kind of porket creep feed and its
Production method, it is former particular by energy such as addition yeast nucleic acid, functional protein raw material, glucidtemns and equilibrium oil powders
Material improves feed intake, the daily gain of suckling piglet, reduces feedstuff-meat ratio and diarrhea rate, significantly improves the production performance and economy of sucking pig
Benefit, by taking test group 3 as an example, yeast nucleic acid addition group piglet average daily gain improves 15.9%, and average feed intake increases
8.16%, while feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 6.54%, diarrhea rate reduces by 39%.
" sucking pig nutrient fodder and the sucking pig mixed fodder containing the nutrient fodder " (CN102356824A), provides a kind of cream
The production method of pig nutrient fodder and the sucking pig mixed fodder containing the nutrient fodder, is added particular by pig starter feed
Yeast nucleic acid promotes feed palatability and attractant, increases the feed intake of weanling pig, promotes intestinal growth, improves feed and disappears
Change utilization rate and average daily gain, significantly reduces the diarrhea rate of weanling pig.Embodiment 5 feeds 31 ages in days to 60 using the feed
Age in days piglet, piglet average daily gain improve 6.15%, and average daily gain improves 11.32%, 60 age in days 12 of piglet
Duodenum 12 height of naps improves 26.67%, and does not occur diarrhea phenomenon.
Studies have shown that adding yeast hydrolyate in piglet diet can be improved piglet to the resistance of weaning stress, increase
Add weanling pig feed intake and average daily gain, improves efficiency of feed utilization.Feed uses yeast hydrolyate, can improve protein original
The nutritional quality of material alleviates feed protein resource contradiction in short supply.Therefore, yeast hydrolyate is used partly or completely in creep feed
The animal protein sources such as full substitution plasma protein powder, can not only meet the needs of piglet is to protein raw materials nutritive value, moreover it is possible to full
Demand of the sufficient piglet to luring function has very high economic value.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem present in currently available technology is that it still needs further improvement for the quality of yeast hydrolyate, such as
Small peptide content is difficult to improve, and protein, nucleotide, small peptide, amino acid content need further to be balanced.
Since small peptide has bioactivity, the development and maturation of animal gastrointestinal tract can be promoted, adjust digestion, appetite and interior
The effects of secretion, the synthesis of promotion protein and muscle growth, if it is possible to the small peptide content in yeast hydrolyate is effectively improved, it will
It is used for creep feed, can increase piglet feed intake.
The present inventor has found to solve above-mentioned technical problem, is original using the yeast thallus that pure culture liquid fermentation obtains
Material, by adjusting zymotechnique, through aqtocytolysis, directional enzymatic and seasoning, the yeast hydrolyate being concentrated and dried, small peptide contains
Amount improves a lot than existing product, and protein, small peptide, nucleic acid content are high, lysine rich in, and amino acid ratio is flat
Weighing apparatus.So that it is generated better phagostimulating effect when being applied to creep feed, improves piglet growth performance.
Specifically, the invention proposes following technical solutions:
The present invention provides yeast hydrolyates, and containing crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, small peptide accounts for yeast hydrolyate
32% or more of dry biomass, preferably 35% or more.
Any of the above-described yeast hydrolyate is preferably, wherein and small peptide accounts for the 32-40% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass,
It is preferred that 35-40%.
The present invention provides yeast hydrolyate preparation method, the yeast that saccharomycete is obtained by pure culture liquid fermentation
Cream, and yeast hydrolyate is obtained by aqtocytolysis, directional enzymatic and seasoning, concentrate drying, wherein the directional enzymatic and
Seasoning includes following process: 55-65 DEG C of temperature of control adjusts pH to 4-6, and it is poly- that papain, alkali protease, sweet dew is added
Carbohydrase, 1,4 beta-glucanase and neutral proteinase, enzymatic hydrolysis preferably digest 8-16 hours.
The above method is preferably, wherein the enzyme of addition accounts for the mass ratio of yeast milk dry matter, respectively papain
1-2 ‰, alkali protease 1-2 ‰, mannase 1-2 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 1-2 ‰, neutral proteinase 1-2 ‰；Preferably
It is vigor >=60,000 U/g of papain, basic protein enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, β-Portugal
Glycan enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, neutral protease vigor >=60,000 U/g；The more preferably vigor of papain >=100,000 U/
G, basic protein enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, activity of beta-glucanase >=100,000 U/g, in
Property prolease activity >=100,000 U/g.
Any of the above-described method is preferably, wherein the aqtocytolysis includes following process: by yeast milk in temperature 80-
Then 95 DEG C of progress thermal shocks control 40-60 DEG C of temperature, add the citric acid for accounting for yeast milk dry matter weight 1 ‰ -5 ‰, preferably are selected from
It is 13-24 hours molten.
Any of the above-described method is preferably, wherein the pure culture liquid fermentation includes following process: barms are connect
Kind is into sterile medium, and 28-34 DEG C of fermentation temperature, ferment pH4.5-6.4, obtains yeast milk, preferably ferments 12-24 hours.
The above method is preferably, wherein the culture solution contains 690-2000 parts in terms of carbon carbon sources, with nitrogen
Count 120-300 parts of nitrogen sources and the 8-123 parts of phosphorus sources in terms of P elements.
The above method is preferably, wherein the carbon source contains saccharine material and/or starchy material, and the nitrogen source contains
There are ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium salt, phosphorus source contains phosphate；It is preferred that the nitrogen source contains ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium sulfate and/or phosphoric acid
Ammonium, preferably phosphorus source contain ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and/or phosphoric acid.
The above method is preferably, wherein the saccharine material is selected from beet molasses, cane molasses, soy molasses, grape
One or more of molasses and amylum hydrolysate of the sugar.
Any of the above-described method is preferably, wherein the starchy material is selected from cornstarch, wheaten starch, rice and forms sediment
One or more of powder, Lotus Root Starch, potato starch and starch from sweet potato.
Any of the above-described method is preferably, wherein the barms are selected from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in S accharomyces
Cerevisiae, preferably deposit number are the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in S accharomyces of FX-2 CCTCC NO.M2016418
cerevisiae。
Any of the above-described method is preferably, wherein described be concentrated and dried includes following process: will be obtained after enzyme digestion reaction
To product be warming up to 70-90 DEG C of heat preservation 2-5 hours.
The present invention also provides the yeast hydrolyates of any of the above-described method production.
Preferably, the yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein protein accounts for yeast
The 50-70% of hydrolysate dry biomass, preferably 50-60%, more preferable 53-60%.
Preferably, any of the above-described yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein lysine accounts for
The 3.5-5.0% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass.
Preferably, any of the above-described yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein small peptide accounts for ferment
The 32-40% of female hydrolysate dry biomass, preferably 35-40%.
Preferably, any of the above-described yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein nucleic acid accounts for ferment
The 7-10% of female hydrolysate dry biomass.
The present invention also provides creep feeds, wherein the content of yeast hydrolyate of the invention in creep feed is 1-4wt%.
The present invention also provides feeds, contain yeast hydrolyate of the invention.
The present invention also provides enzymatic compositions, contain 1-5 parts of papain, 1-5 parts of alkali protease, mannase 1-
5 parts, 1-5 parts of 1,4 beta-glucanase, 1-5 parts of neutral proteinase；Preferably, the vigor of papain >=60,000 U/g, alkaline egg
White enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, activity of beta-glucanase >=60,000 U/g, neutral protease vigor
>=6 ten thousand U/g；The more preferably vigor of papain >=100,000 U/g, basic protein enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, mannosan
Enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, activity of beta-glucanase >=100,000 U/g, neutral protease vigor >=100,000 U/g.
The beneficial effect comprise that
1. protein, small peptide, nucleic acid content are high in yeast hydrolyate of the invention, lysine rich in, amino acid
Proportional balancing method has the characteristics that improve piglet growth performance, adds yeast hydrolyate of the invention in creep feed, can improve religion slot
Expect palatability, effectively improves the feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization of weanling pig.
2. yeast hydrolyate of the invention can substitute the use of plasma protein powder in creep feed, piglet epidemic diarrhea is reduced
It rushes down and homologous virus infection risk, while saving feeding cost.
3. yeast hydrolyate of the invention remains cell wall constituent relative to yeast extract, cell wall constituent be can be used as
Dietary fiber plays a role, and can promote intestines peristalsis, absorbs intestinal toxic substance, promotes the activation of enteral useful bacterium.
4. yeast hydrolyate of the invention is reduced relative to the cost of yeast extract.
5. method of the invention is simple, the yeast hydrolyate produced in the process of the present invention is natural products, green safe.
6. yeast hydrolyate of the invention can alleviate feed protein shortage of resources, increase culture efficiency, application prospect is wide
It is wealthy.
Bacterial strain preservation information and acquisition authentication information
Strain saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was on August 1st, 2016 used in the present invention
Be deposited in China typical culture collection center (CCTCC), deposit number be CCTCC NO:M2016418, preservation address: in
The Wuhan state Wuhan University, postcode: 430072；Phone: (027) -68754052.Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 is documented in patent text
It offers in 201611141122.8 " saccharomyces cerevisiae high-density cultivation method and its pH regulation methods ".
Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 used in the present invention wild mushroom containing there are many in fermented dough, fermented dough, with
Fermented dough is sample, prepares dough leachate, identified by the isolated purebred bacterial strain of dilution spread plate partition method
Confirm that the bacterial strain belongs to saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Bacterial strain identification method are as follows: by the D1/D2 region sequence of the 26SrDNA of bacterial strain, with the sequence in GenBank nucleic acid database
Column carry out homology analysis, the results showed that sequence homology is greater than 99%, so that it is determined that isolated bacterial strain of the invention belongs to
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), biological classification are saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces
cerevisiae)。
Specific embodiment
As described above, it is an object of the invention to: a kind of stabilization, safety, high-quality, blood plasma in alternative creep feed are provided
The yeast hydrolyate of albumen powder, the yeast hydrolyate have the characteristics that raising piglet growth performance, can effectively improve weanling pig
Feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization, alleviate feed protein shortage of resources, increase culture efficiency.
The technical scheme is that the yeast thallus obtained with pure culture liquid fermentation is raw material, through aqtocytolysis, determine
To enzymatic hydrolysis and seasoning, concentrate drying obtains yeast hydrolyate.Creep feed is added in yeast hydrolyate of the invention and substitutes blood plasma egg
White powder is used for feeding piglet.
The specific production stage of yeast hydrolyate of the invention are as follows:
(1) yeast fermented and cultured
Culture solution contains carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source, wherein the saccharine material aqueous solution of carbon source selection 20-40% concentration
The starchy material aqueous solution (6000-8000 parts) of (6000-8000 parts) and 20-40% concentration, nitrogen source select ammonium hydroxide (300-
500 parts of 14-18wt%), ammonium sulfate (150-400 parts) and ammonium phosphate (200-500 parts), phosphorus source is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 30-70 parts.
By culture solution in 121 DEG C of sterilizing 6-10min, upper tank stream adds, and carries out fermented and cultured using saccharomycete, 28-34 DEG C of fermentation temperature, sends out
The ferment time 12-24 hours, fermented pH4.5-6.4, obtains pure culture liquid fermentation yeast milk.
Common saccharomycete directly utilizes the ability of starch very weak, and Engineering Yeast bacterium can efficiently utilize starch.Therefore work
Journey saccharomycete can be sole carbon source with starchy material.
The preferred deposit number of saccharomycete is the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in S accharomyces of CCTCC NO.M2016418 in the present invention
cerevisiaeFX-2。
(2) yeast autolysis
By yeast milk in 80-95 DEG C of temperature progress 40~50s of thermal shock, preferably thermal shock 45s, then controls 40-60 DEG C of temperature, adds
Add and account for 1 ‰ -5 ‰ citric acid that weight is added in yeast milk dry matter, carries out the self-dissolving of 13-24h.It can be prevented by thermal shock miscellaneous
Bacterium pollution, and saccharomycete endogenous enzymes are activated, promote desmoenzyme for the effect of self-dissolving.And lemon acid for adjusting pH is added, it can
Endogenous enzymes and exogenous enzymes enzyme activity are improved, aqtocytolysis is promoted.Therefore pass through above-mentioned processing, yeast cells self-dissolving carries out more thorough
Bottom.
(3) directional enzymatic and seasoning
After controlling 55-65 DEG C of temperature, adjusting pH to 4-6, papain 1-2 ‰, alkali protease 1-2 ‰, sweet is added
Reveal the enzyme preparations such as dextranase 1-2 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 1-2 ‰, neutral proteinase 1-2 ‰, carries out enzymolysis in 8-16 hours.
Wherein, in papain (pH 5-7) hydrolyzable proteins and peptides arginine and lysine c-terminus, and
Energy selective hydrolysis has the amino acid of two carboxyls or the peptide bond of aromatic L-amino acid at the end N- of peptide bond, to improve yeast water
Solve polypeptide and amino acid content in object；Alkali protease (pH 9-11) under alkaline condition being capable of aminosal peptide bond, amide
Key, ester bond and transesterification and turn peptide；Mannase and 1,4 beta-glucanase can open cell wall with enzymatic yeast cell wall polysaccharides
Polysaccharide and protein binding key, release protein, mannose and glucan, the sufficiently nutrition of raising yeast hydrolyate and immune function
Energy；Neutral proteinase belongs to a kind of restriction endonuclease, can be used for various protein hydrolysis process, macro-molecular protein can be hydrolyzed to ammonia
The products such as base acid improve amino acid levels.
(4) it is concentrated and dried
After enzyme digestion reaction, it is warming up to 70-90 DEG C of heat preservation enzyme deactivation in 2-5 hours and concentrate drying living, obtains yeast hydrolysis
Produce product.
It will obtain yeast hydrolyate product and carry out composition detection, wherein crude protein is referring to thick egg in GB/T 6432-94 feed
White measuring method 7.2 recommends method；Measurement of the lysine referring to amino acid in GB/T 18246-2000 feed；Amino-acid nitrogen ginseng
According to 6.5 amino-acid nitrogen of GB/T 23530-2009 yeast extract；The molten albumen of acid, free amino acid, small peptide are referring to GB/T
22492-2008 soy peptide powder Appendix B；Nucleic acid is referring to fixing phosphorus method.
Illustrate yeast hydrolyate production method of the invention and yeast water of the invention below by specific embodiment
Solve application of the object in creep feed.
Used each reagent source is as follows in embodiment:
1 embodiment agents useful for same of table
The instrument and reagent being not specified in embodiment be it is well known to those skilled in the art, can be bought by regular channel
Obtained conventional products, being also possible to those skilled in the art can according to need self-control, how design and manufacture these equipment
It is well known for a person skilled in the art.
The preparation of 1 yeast hydrolyate of embodiment
(1) yeast fermented and cultured
Carbon source selects saccharine material cane molasses 6000g and 20wt% the starchy material cornstarch 6000g of 20wt%,
Nitrogen source selects ammonium hydroxide (300mL 14wt%), ammonium sulfate (150g) and ammonium phosphate (200g), and phosphorus source is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, and 121
DEG C sterilizing 10min, upper tank stream adds, and uses the hiding saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) number for CCTCC
NO.M2016418 carries out fermented and cultured, and 28 DEG C of fermentation temperature, fermentation time 12 hours, fermented pH4.5, obtains pure culture liquid
Fermented yeast cream.
(2) yeast autolysis
By yeast milk in 80 DEG C of progress thermal shock 45s of temperature, then control 40 DEG C of temperature, add 1 ‰ citric acid under the conditions of, into
The self-dissolving of row 13h.
(3) directional enzymatic and seasoning
Control 55 DEG C of temperature, adjust pH to 4 after, sequentially add papain 1 ‰, Pang Bo company alkali protease 1 ‰,
The enzyme preparations such as mannase 1 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 1 ‰, neutral proteinase 1 ‰ carry out enzymolysis in 8 hours.
(4) it is concentrated and dried
It after enzyme digestion reaction, is warming up to 70 DEG C and keeps the temperature 2 hours, spray drying obtains yeast hydrolyate product.
Through detecting, yeast ingredient obtained is as follows: in this implementation
2 yeast hydrolyate component list of table
The preparation of 2 yeast hydrolyate of embodiment
(1) yeast fermented and cultured
Carbon source selects saccharine material 8000g and 40wt% the starchy material 8000g of 40wt%, and nitrogen source selects ammonium hydroxide
(500mL 18%), ammonium sulfate (400g) and ammonium phosphate (500g), phosphorus source be ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 70g, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 10min, on
Tank stream adds, use saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) hiding number for CCTCC NO.M2016418 into
Row fermented and cultured, 34 DEG C of fermentation temperature, fermentation time 24 hours, fermented pH6.4, obtains pure culture liquid fermentation yeast milk.
(2) yeast autolysis
By yeast milk in 95 DEG C of progress thermal shock 45s of temperature, then control temperature 60 C, add 5 ‰ citric acid under the conditions of, into
The self-dissolving of row for 24 hours.
(3) directional enzymatic and seasoning
Control 65 DEG C of temperature, adjust pH to 6 after, sequentially add papain 2 ‰, Pang Bo company alkali protease 2 ‰,
The enzyme preparations such as mannase 2 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 2 ‰, neutral proteinase 2 ‰ carry out enzymolysis in 16 hours.
(4) it is concentrated and dried
It after enzyme digestion reaction, is warming up to 90 DEG C and keeps the temperature 5 hours, spray drying obtains yeast hydrolyate product.
Through detecting, yeast ingredient obtained is as follows: in this implementation
3 yeast ingredient of table
The preparation of 3 yeast hydrolyate of embodiment
(1) yeast fermented and cultured
Carbon source selects the starchy material 6000g of the saccharine material 6000g and 30wt% of 30wt%, and nitrogen source selects ammonium hydroxide
(450mL 17wt%), ammonium sulfate (240g) and ammonium phosphate (390g), phosphorus source be ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 55g, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 8min,
Upper tank stream adds, and uses the hiding saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) number for CCTCC NO.M2016418
Fermented and cultured is carried out, 30 DEG C of fermentation temperature, fermentation time 18 hours, fermented pH5.3, obtains pure culture liquid fermentation yeast milk.
(2) yeast autolysis
By yeast milk in 90 DEG C of progress thermal shock 45s of temperature, then control temperature 50 C, add 3 ‰ citric acid under the conditions of, into
The self-dissolving of row 16h.
(3) directional enzymatic and seasoning
After controlling temperature 60 C, adjusting between pH to 5, papain 1.2 ‰, Pang Bo company basic protein are sequentially added
The enzyme preparations such as enzyme 1.7 ‰, mannase 1 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 2 ‰, neutral proteinase 1.5 ‰ carry out 10 hours enzymatic hydrolysis and make
With.
(4) it is concentrated and dried
It after enzyme digestion reaction, is warming up to 80 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, spray drying obtains yeast hydrolyate product.
Through detecting, yeast ingredient obtained is as follows: in this implementation
4 yeast ingredient of table
The preparation of 4 yeast hydrolyate of embodiment
(1) yeast fermented and cultured
Carbon source selects the starchy material 6000g of the saccharine material 6000g and 30wt% of 30wt%, and nitrogen source selects ammonium hydroxide
(450mL 17wt%), ammonium sulfate (240g) and ammonium phosphate (390g), phosphorus source be ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 55g, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 8min,
Upper tank stream adds, and uses the hiding saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) number for CCTCC NO.M2016418
Fermented and cultured is carried out, 30 DEG C of fermentation temperature, fermentation time 18 hours, fermented pH5.3, obtains pure culture liquid fermentation yeast milk.
(2) yeast autolysis
By yeast milk in 90 DEG C of progress thermal shock 45s of temperature, then control temperature 50 C, add 3 ‰ citric acid under the conditions of, into
The self-dissolving of row 16h.
(3) directional enzymatic and seasoning
After controlling temperature 60 C, adjusting between pH to 5, papain 2 ‰, Pang Bo company alkali protease are sequentially added
2 ‰, the enzyme preparations such as mannase 2 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 2 ‰, neutral proteinase 2 ‰ carry out 16h enzymolysis.
(4) it is concentrated and dried
It after enzyme digestion reaction, is warming up to 80 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, spray drying obtains yeast hydrolyate product.
Through detecting, yeast ingredient obtained is as follows: in this implementation
4 yeast ingredient of table
Comparative example 1
Yeast extract is prepared according to method disclosed in patent document 20081006187.0:
It is carried out referring to the patent Example 1, changes raw material into special raw material of the present invention
(1) pure culture liquid fermentation yeast milk is obtained by method identical in embodiment 3.
(2) yeast milk is diluted to yeast dry matter content is 15%, and temperature is adjusted to 53 DEG C, adjusts pH value 5.0, is added certainly
Molten promotor ethyl acetate 10 ‰ acts on 8 hours.It allows pH value to keep nature, adds papain 1 ‰ (based on yeast dry weight),
Novi believes flavor protease 1 ‰ (being based on yeast dry weight), acts on 12 hours.Then, 55 DEG C are warming up to, pH value 6.5 acts on 6
Hour.It is centrifugated using centrifuge.Sterilizing (sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C are kept for 15 minutes), is then adjusted with potassium hydroxide solution
PH value is to 7.
(3) yeast extract is concentrated into containing after 35% dry matter, spray drying obtains powder product.
Through detecting, yeast extract ingredient obtained is as follows: in this comparative example
5 yeast extract ingredient of table
Yeast extract is that the substances such as yeast cell wall in yeast hydrolyate are removed by filtration, and usual weight accounts for carefully
The 18%~30% of born of the same parents' dry weight is mainly made of D- glucan and two class polysaccharide of D- mannosan, contains a small amount of protein, rouge
Fat, minerals.Therefore remove yeast cell wall after, albumen, small peptide percentage composition can be higher than the content in yeast hydrolyate.
As shown in Table 5, the small peptide content in yeast extract only has 31.18, lower than small peptide content in yeast hydrolyate of the present invention.
Comparative example 2
" separate sources yeast hydrolyate substitutes influence of the plasma protein powder to early-weaned piglets growth performance " (feed work
Industry, the 18th phase of volume 36 in 2015) used in yeast hydrolyate (NA100), preparation method are as follows:
The difference for preparing yeast hydrolyate with embodiment 3 is:.
Directional enzymatic and seasoning: 55 DEG C of temperature of control after adjusting between pH to 5, sequentially adds papain 1 ‰, promise
The enzyme preparations such as Wei Xin company alkali protease 1.2 ‰, Pang Bo company alkali protease 1 ‰, carry out enzymolysis in 10 hours.
Through detecting, yeast hydrolyate ingredient obtained is as follows: in this comparative example
6 yeast hydrolyate ingredient of table
As shown in Table 6, the yeast hydrolyate each component content being prepared by this method is below the present invention, and small peptide contains
Amount is less than 30%.
Comparative example 3
" yeast hydrolyate substitutes influence of the plasma protein powder to Production Performance of Weaning Pigs " (Chinese feed, 2014 years the
13 phases) used in yeast hydrolyate (NA155), preparation method and the difference of embodiment 3 be: directional enzymatic and seasoning
After controlling 55 DEG C of temperature, adjusting between pH to 5, Novozymes Company's alkali protease 1 ‰, Pang Bo company are sequentially added
The enzyme preparations such as alkali protease 1 ‰ carry out enzymolysis in 10 hours.
Through detecting, yeast hydrolyate ingredient obtained is as follows: in this comparative example
7 yeast hydrolyate ingredient of table
As shown in Table 7, the small peptide content of the yeast hydrolyate being prepared by this method is less than 30%.
4 zoopery of embodiment (average daily feed intake):
Selection genetic background is identical, age in days and weight are consistent as far as possible, the good weanling pig of body condition 100.By weight phase
Closely, the fifty-fifty principle of male and female is divided into 5 repetitions, each 1 column pig of repetition, 4, every column pig (two castrate hectogram mother).Specific experimental design
It is shown in Table 8.
The test of table 8 grouping and design
Wherein, SDPP is spray-dried blood plasma albumen powder, and yeast hydrolyate is the yeast hydrolyate of embodiment 1.
Two, every column hopper is respectively provided with different feeds, and two daily ramming materials of hopper in each column home, replacement new feedstuff is simultaneously
Feed is exchanged, feeding 14 days is continued.The food calling of two primary yeast hydrolysates is finally qualitatively judged according to the Expenditure Levels of two kinds of material
Effect.
Testing index: daily ingestion amount, the supply amount and surplus of the daily every circle test pig creep feed of record, the difference of the two are
For daily practical feed intake.Test group the results are shown in Table 9.
Influence (unit: g/ (d.)) of the different daily rations of table 9 to the per day feed intake of piglet
Note: between different grouping, it is not significant above to indicate identical lowercase letter indication difference, has different lowercases to indicate poor
Different significant (P < 0.05), B group two alphabetical footmarks mean not significant with remaining four groups of difference)
As can be seen from Table 9: after two weeks, the average daily gain that tri- groups of experimental group B, C and D is significantly higher than A and E group (P
<0.05).Test result illustrate the embodiment of the present invention 1 provide yeast hydrolyate in creep feed dosage 1-4% part substitution or
All there is promotion to weanling pig attractant effect instead of spray-dried blood plasma albumen powder (SDPP).
5 zoopery of embodiment (piglet growth performance):
Choose that 21 ages in days or so weight is consistent as far as possible, the good weanling pig of body condition 120.Transition 3 days, by weight phase
Closely, the fifty-fifty principle of male and female is divided into 5 processing groups, i.e. SDPP group and yeast hydrolyate group, 6 repetitions of each processing, every repetition 1
Column, 4, every column pig (two castrate hectogram mother).Specific experimental design is shown in Table 10.
10 experimental design of table
Wherein, SDPP is spray-dried blood plasma albumen powder, yeast hydrolyate of the yeast hydrolyate in embodiment 2.
Testing index: record initial weight, end weight, daily ingestion amount calculate Average weight increasing a day and feedstuff-meat ratio.Test result is shown in Table 11.
Influence of the different daily rations of table 11 to piglet growth performance
Note: between different grouping, it is not significant above to indicate identical lowercase letter indication difference, has different lowercases to indicate poor
Different significant (P < 0.05), two alphabetical footmarks mean not significant with the group difference containing wherein letter)
As can be seen from Table 11: the daily gain and feed intake of B, C and D group are above A group, but not significant (the P > of difference
0.05), the daily gain of B, C and D group and feed intake are above E group, and significant difference (P < 0.05), and the productivity of E group piglet
It can be worst.Test result illustrates the yeast cells hydrolysate that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides, and 1-4% ratio is added in creep feed
Yeast hydrolyate part substitution or full substitution spray-dried blood plasma albumen powder, do not influence weaned piglets, it was demonstrated that in religion slot
A certain amount of use yeast hydrolyate substitution plasma protein powder is feasible in material.
Claims (20)
1. yeast hydrolyate contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, which is characterized in that small peptide accounts for yeast hydrolyate dry
32% or more of matter quality, preferably 35% or more.
2. yeast hydrolyate according to claim 1, wherein small peptide accounts for the 32-40% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass,
It is preferred that 35-40%.
3. the preparation method of yeast hydrolyate according to claim 1 or 2 obtains saccharomycete by pure culture liquid fermentation
The yeast milk arrived, and obtained by aqtocytolysis, directional enzymatic and seasoning, concentrate drying, wherein the directional enzymatic and tune
Taste includes following process: 55-65 DEG C of temperature of control adjusts pH to 4-6, and papain, alkali protease, mannosan is added
Enzyme, 1,4 beta-glucanase and neutral proteinase, enzymatic hydrolysis.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, the enzyme of addition accounts for the mass ratio of yeast milk dry matter, respectively pawpaw
Protease 1-2 ‰, alkali protease 1-2 ‰, mannase 1-2 ‰, 1,4 beta-glucanase 1-2 ‰, neutral proteinase 1-2 ‰；
It is preferred that the vigor of papain >=60,000 U/g, basic protein enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, β-
Dextranase vigor >=60,000 U/g, neutral protease vigor >=60,000 U/g；Vigor >=100,000 U/g of more preferable papain,
Basic protein enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, activity of beta-glucanase >=100,000 U/g are neutral
Prolease activity >=100,000 U/g.
5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the aqtocytolysis includes following process: by yeast milk in temperature
Then 80-95 DEG C of progress thermal shock controls 40-60 DEG C of temperature, addition accounts for the citric acid of yeast milk dry matter weight 1 ‰ -5 ‰.
6. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-5, wherein the pure culture liquid fermentation includes following process: will
Barms are inoculated into sterile medium, and 28-34 DEG C of fermentation temperature, ferment pH4.5-6.4, obtain yeast milk.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, wherein, the culture solution contains in terms of carbon
690-2000 parts of carbon sources, 120-300 parts in terms of nitrogen nitrogen sources and the 8-123 parts of phosphorus sources in terms of P elements.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, wherein, the carbon source contains saccharine material and/or starchy material, the nitrogen
Ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium salt are contained in source, and phosphorus source contains phosphate；It is preferred that the nitrogen source contains ammonium hydroxide and/or ammonium sulfate and/or phosphorus
Sour ammonium, preferably phosphorus source contain ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and/or phosphoric acid.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, wherein, the saccharine material is selected from beet molasses, cane molasses, soy sugars
One or more of honey, grape molasses and amylum hydrolysate of the sugar.
10. according to the described in any item methods of claim 8 or 9, wherein the starchy material is selected from cornstarch, wheat
One or more of starch, rice starch, Lotus Root Starch, potato starch and starch from sweet potato.
11. according to the described in any item methods of claim 6-10, wherein the barms are selected from saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, preferably deposit number are the saccharomyces cerevisiae of FX-2CCTCC NO.M2016418
Saccharomyces cerevisiae。
12. according to the described in any item methods of claim 3-11, wherein described be concentrated and dried includes following process: will be digested
The product obtained after reaction is warming up to 70-90 DEG C of heat preservation 2-5 hours.
13. the yeast hydrolyate produced according to any one of claim 3-12 the method.
14. yeast hydrolyate according to claim 13 contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein albumen
Matter accounts for the 50-70% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass, preferably 50-60%, more preferable 53-60%.
15. yeast hydrolyate described in 3 or 14 according to claim 1 contains crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid, wherein
Lysine accounts for the 3.5-5.0% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass.
16. the described in any item yeast hydrolyates of 3-15 according to claim 1, wherein small peptide accounts for yeast hydrolyate dry matter matter
The 32-40% of amount, preferably 35-40%.
17. the described in any item yeast hydrolyates of 3-16 according to claim 1, containing crude protein, amino acid, small peptide and nucleic acid,
Wherein, nucleic acid accounts for the 7-10% of yeast hydrolyate dry biomass.
18. creep feed, which is characterized in that claims 1 or 2 or the described in any item yeast hydrolyates of claim 13-17 exist
Content in creep feed is 1-4wt%.
19. feed, which is characterized in that contain claim 1 or the described in any item yeast hydrolyates of claim 12-16.
20. enzymatic compositions, which is characterized in that contain 1-5 parts of papain, 1-5 parts of alkali protease, mannase 1-5
Part, 1-5 parts of 1,4 beta-glucanase and 1-5 parts of neutral proteinase；
It is preferred that the vigor of papain >=60,000 U/g, basic protein enzyme activity >=60,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=60,000 U/
G, activity of beta-glucanase >=60,000 U/g, neutral protease vigor >=60,000 U/g；Vigor >=100,000 of more preferable papain
U/g, basic protein enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, mannosan enzyme activity >=100,000 U/g, activity of beta-glucanase >=100,000 U/g,
Neutral protease vigor >=100,000 U/g.
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