CN109245614A - A kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction - Google Patents
A kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245614A CN109245614A CN201811241654.8A CN201811241654A CN109245614A CN 109245614 A CN109245614 A CN 109245614A CN 201811241654 A CN201811241654 A CN 201811241654A CN 109245614 A CN109245614 A CN 109245614A
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- thermoelectric material
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite constructions, belong to artificial electromagnetic Meta Materials field.The composite construction includes at least one metamaterial structure unit arranged in arrays, each metamaterial structure unit include substrate, the artificial metamaterial microstructure on substrate and be completely covered artificial metamaterial microstructure electric-field enhancing region the heating material bed of material, it is characterized in that, it is additionally provided with thermoelectric material layer at the back side of the substrate of each metamaterial structure unit, the region of the heating material bed of material is completely covered in the thermoelectric material layer.Composite construction of the present invention utilizes the electric field enhancement effect of electromagnetism Meta Materials, local hot spot is generated by the interaction with spatial electromagnetic wave, and then temperature gradient is generated inside thermoelectric material, so that thermoelectric material is exported direct current, realizes electromagnetic energy to the conversion that can store direct current.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to artificial electromagnetic Meta Materials fields, and in particular to a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectricity material
Expect that composite construction, the composite construction generate temperature gradient using the local electric field enhancement effect of Meta Materials inside thermoelectric material,
To generate direct current.
Background technique
Artificial electromagnetic Meta Materials are a kind of atoms and molecule using sub-wavelength micro structure as similar material component units
Artificial dielectrics, have unique electromagnetic property, as negative index effect, negative magnetoconductivity effect, strong circular dichroism, electromagnetism are hidden
Body, reversed Doppler effect etc. and widely paid close attention to.Studies have shown that electromagnetism Meta Materials and spatial electromagnetic wave that good conductor is constituted
It can occur resonance in some appropriate frequency band, impedance when resonance in Meta Materials is minimum, concussion electric current is generated, thus super
Material structure opening generates the electric field of enhancing.For example, the metamaterial structure unit being made of split ring resonator (SRRs) is (by good
Conductor metal split ring constitute metamaterial structure unit) resonance when, the electric field of enhancing can be generated in resonant ring opening.How
Enhance this characteristic using electromagnetism Meta Materials local electric field, is the emphasis of current people's research.Currently, utilizing electromagnetism Meta Materials office
Domain electric-field enhancing characteristic, which is realized, converts direct current for spatial electromagnetic energy, and the method generallyd use is in each metamaterial structure
Rectifier is arranged in the opening of unit, and this method is cumbersome, at high cost, and obtained metamaterial structure is complicated, transformation efficiency compared with
It is low, greatly limit its extensive use.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of super material that can produce direct current for defect existing for background technique
Material/thermoelectric material composite construction.The composite construction utilize electromagnetism Meta Materials electric field enhancement effect, by with spatial electromagnetic wave
Interaction generates local hot spot, and then temperature gradient is generated inside thermoelectric material, and thermoelectric material is made to export direct current, realizes
Electromagnetic energy is to the conversion that can store direct current.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction is arranged in arrays super including at least one
Material structure unit, each metamaterial structure unit include substrate, the artificial metamaterial microstructure on substrate and complete
The heating material bed of material in the electric-field enhancing region of the artificial metamaterial microstructure of all standing, which is characterized in that in each metamaterial structure
The back side of the substrate of unit is additionally provided with thermoelectric material layer, and the region of the heating material bed of material is completely covered in the thermoelectric material layer；
When electromagnetic wave irradiation, the artificial metamaterial microstructure generates EMR electromagnetic resonance and forms electric-field enhancing region, covering
The heating material bed of material in artificial metamaterial microstructure electric-field enhancing region generates heat under high electric field effect, generates local hot spot, into
And temperature gradient is generated inside thermoelectric material, export direct current.
Further, the region of the heating material bed of material, and the area < of the heating material bed of material is completely covered in the thermoelectric material layer
Thermoelectric material layer area≤metamaterial structure unit area.
Further, the thermoelectric material layer is adhered to the substrate back of metamaterial structure unit by heat-conducting silicone grease, leads
Hot silicone grease only covers the opening (i.e. electric-field enhancing region) of artificial metamaterial microstructure, thermoelectric material and substrate in remaining region
It does not contact.
Further, the thermoelectric material layer is carried on the back by the substrate that thin film deposition processes are formed in metamaterial structure unit
Face, such as evaporation, sputtering method.
Further, the material of the thermoelectric material layer is that bismuth telluride, lead telluride, sige alloy etc. have high Seebeck system
Several thermoelectric materials.
Further, the electric-field enhancing region of artificial metamaterial microstructure is completely covered in the heating material bed of material, and artificial
The area in the electric-field enhancing region of metamaterial microstructure≤exothermic material level product < metamaterial structure unit area.
Further, the heating material bed of material is Titanium, graphite, nichrome etc., and conductivity is 1 × 104S/M~
1×106S/M, with a thickness of 50nm~50 μm.
Further, the heating material bed of material can also be the contour loss microwave dielectric material of epoxy resin, with a thickness of 50 μ
M~1mm.
Further, the heating material bed of material is formed by the methods of sputtering method, evaporation, spin-coating method.
Further, the artificial metamaterial microstructure is split ring resonator or ELC plane electroresponse structure.
Further, the material of the artificial metamaterial microstructure is using platinum, gold, palladium, silver or copper etc..
Further, the substrate is Al2O3Ceramic substrate, SiO2The low-losses base such as substrate, mica sheet or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Piece.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1, a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction provided by the invention, in artificial Meta Materials
The electric-field enhancing region overlay heating material bed of material of micro-structure generates local hot spot；In metamaterial structure substrate back, thermoelectricity is set
Material layer, thermoelectric material layer and the electric-field enhancing region for generating high temperature hotspot are adhered to by heat conductive silica gel, form path of low thermal resistance,
Remaining region does not contact, and forms high thermal resistance channel, with the formation temperature gradient inside thermoelectric material, and then exports direct current.
2, a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction provided by the invention, structure is simple, cost
It is low, it is easy to accomplish large-scale production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of knot of the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of bowing for the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention
View；
Fig. 3 is a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction and electricity provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Temperature Distribution schematic diagram in magnetic wave interaction process；
Fig. 4 is a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction and 7W provided in an embodiment of the present invention
When electromagnetic wave phase interaction, the I-V curve of thermoelectric material.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is further described.Following embodiment is only used for
Clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite constructions；The composite construction utilizes
Electromagnetism Meta Materials local electric field enhancement effect generates local hot spot, and then forms apparent temperature gradient inside thermoelectric material,
Thermoelectric material is set to export direct current.Firstly, selecting a kind of bearing substrate of metamaterial structure, substrate has lower thermal conductivity and low electricity
The characteristics of magnetic loss can be Al2O3Ceramic substrate, SiO2Substrate, mica sheet or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc.；According to design requirement, base
Plate is tailored to suitably sized: length 1mm~100mm, width are 1mm~100mm, with a thickness of 0.1mm~1mm.Then, it adopts
With coating process in substrate plating surface with a thickness of the good conductor metallic film of 100nm~100 μm, good conductor metal can for platinum,
Gold, palladium, silver, copper；Again by etching technics by metal thin-film pattern, resonance response can be generated to spatial electromagnetic wave by being allowed to be formed
Artificial metamaterial microstructure, the artificial metamaterial microstructure be split ring resonator or ELC plane electroresponse structure；It can pass through
Different metamaterial microstructure sizes is designed, its response frequency to electromagnetic wave is adjusted, is allowed to be suitable for different fields, size
Scope of design is 1mm~100mm, and response frequency range is 100MHz~20GHz.Again by plated film and etching technics, in super material
Expect micro-structure electric-field enhancing region formed the heating material bed of material, the size of the heating material bed of material: a length of 1 μm~1mm, width be 1 μm~
1mm, it is 1 × 10 that the heating material bed of material, which can be thickness 50nm~50 μm, conductivity,4S/M~1 × 106The Titanium of S/M, graphite,
Nichrome etc., or with a thickness of the contour loss microwave dielectric material of epoxy resin of 50 μm~1mm.Finally, each
The back side of the substrate of metamaterial structure unit adheres to thermoelectric material layer by heat-conducting silicone grease, and heat-conducting silicone grease only covers electric-field enhancing area
Domain, to guarantee that local electric field enhancing region and thermoelectric material form path of low thermal resistance, in remaining region, thermoelectric material and substrate be not
Contact, forms high thermal resistance channel, with the formation temperature gradient inside thermoelectric material, and then exports direct current.
In a kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction provided by the invention, the shape of local hot spot
At process are as follows: when electromagnetic wave irradiation metamaterial structure, in appropriate Frequency point, metamaterial microstructure can generate EMR electromagnetic resonance,
The concussion electric field of enhancing is generated in metamaterial structure open area, is covered in the heating material in metamaterial microstructure electric-field enhancing region
The bed of material is generated concussion electric current by concussion electric field action, and then generates heat, and formation temperature is higher than the hot spot in other regions.Direct current
Forming process are as follows: thermoelectric material layer and the electric-field enhancing region for generating high temperature hotspot are adhered to by heat conductive silica gel, form low thermal resistance
Channel, heat quickly can reach thermoelectric material to low-loss, increase its temperature rapidly；And thermoelectric material and base in remaining region
Plate does not contact, and forms high thermal resistance channel, and heat conduction is slow and loss is high, thus the formation temperature gradient inside thermoelectric material, this
When, connection load has direct current electricity output between low-temperature space and high-temperature region.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, being a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite junction provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of structure unit；The composite construction includes substrate, split ring resonator metamaterial structure, exothermic material and thermoelectricity material
Material.Wherein, substrate Al2O3Ceramic substrate, size: length 24mm, width 24mm, with a thickness of 0.27mm.Artificial Meta Materials are micro-
Structure is made of the graphical Copper thin film of substrate surface, and with a thickness of 18 μm, specific structure is as shown in Fig. 2, the artificial super material
Material micro-structure is a square split ring resonator, square side length w=13.8mm, the width t=1mm of ring, the width of opening
It spends d=1mm, the electric field of enhancing can be generated in opening when the electromagnetic wave phase interaction of the structure and appropriate frequency.Exothermic material
Layer is by the way that liquid epoxy resin is coated on resonant ring opening, through dry formation, as shown in Fig. 2, the heating material bed of material
For the spherical shape of a radius 1mm, the electric-field enhancing region of split ring is completely covered.Thermoelectric material layer, which uses, has excellent heat
The Bi of electrical property2Te3Semiconductor is adhered to metamaterial structure list by heat conductive silica gel having a size of long 14mm, width 2mm, thickness 1mm
The back side of the substrate of member, as shown in Figure 1.
Meta Materials/thermoelectric material composite construction that embodiment obtains is placed in electromagnetic environment, particular orientation is kept, it should
In embodiment, electromagnetic wave wave vector is along Meta Materials in-plane, and electromagnetic wave magnetic direction is perpendicular to Meta Materials surface, wave frequency
For 2.31GHz, power 7W.As shown in figure 3, for the Temperature Distribution during embodiment composite construction and electromagnetic wave phase interaction
Schematic diagram；From the figure 3, it may be seen that composite construction forms the hot spot of 1mm × 1mm in exothermic material areas adjacent, existed by heat transfer
Thermoelectric material both ends form apparent temperature difference, and the temperature difference reaches 149.8 DEG C.As shown in figure 4, for embodiment composite construction and 7W electricity
The I-V curve of thermoelectric material when magnetic wave interacts；As shown in Figure 4, under the action of the temperature gradient of thermoelectric material both ends, thermoelectricity
Material ends can generate the DC voltage of 28.5mV.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction, including at least one super material arranged in arrays
Expect structural unit, each metamaterial structure unit include substrate, the artificial metamaterial microstructure on substrate and completely
Cover the heating material bed of material in the electric-field enhancing region of artificial metamaterial microstructure, which is characterized in that in each metamaterial structure list
The back side of first substrate is additionally provided with thermoelectric material layer, and the heating material bed of material is completely covered in the thermoelectric material layer.
2. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hair
Area < thermoelectric material layer area≤metamaterial structure unit area of hot material layer.
3. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The substrate back that thermoelectric material layer is adhered to metamaterial structure unit by heat-conducting silicone grease is stated, heat-conducting silicone grease only covers artificial super material
Expect the electric-field enhancing region of micro-structure.
4. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State the substrate back that thermoelectric material layer is formed in metamaterial structure unit by thin film deposition processes.
5. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The material for stating thermoelectric material layer is bismuth telluride, lead telluride or sige alloy.
6. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The electric-field enhancing region that artificial metamaterial microstructure is completely covered in the heating material bed of material is stated, and the electric field of artificial metamaterial microstructure increases
The area in strong region≤exothermic material level product < metamaterial structure unit area.
7. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the heating material bed of material is Titanium, graphite or nichrome, and conductivity is 1 × 104S/M~1 × 106S/M, with a thickness of 50nm
~50 μm.
8. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the heating material bed of material is epoxy resin, with a thickness of 50 μm~1mm.
9. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating artificial metamaterial microstructure is split ring resonator or ELC plane electroresponse structure.
10. the Meta Materials that can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating substrate is Al2O3Ceramic substrate, SiO2Substrate, mica sheet or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
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| CN201811241654.8A CN109245614A (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | A kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction |
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| CN201811241654.8A CN109245614A (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | A kind of Meta Materials can produce direct current/thermoelectric material composite construction |
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Citations (4)
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| US20160181498A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-23 | Loyola University New Orleans | Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency from Thermoelectric Metamaterials |
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| CN106877831A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of power limiter based on ELC electric resonance metamaterial structures |
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2018
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160181498A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-23 | Loyola University New Orleans | Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency from Thermoelectric Metamaterials |
| CN106450785A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-02-22 | 电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic metamaterial structure for generating local hot spots |
| CN106877831A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of power limiter based on ELC electric resonance metamaterial structures |
| CN106711271A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-05-24 | 江西师范大学 | Three-band near-infrared absorber based on semiconductor super-surface structure |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| D. DÁVILA 等: "Silicon Nanowire Arrays as Thermoelectric Material for a Power Microgenerator", 《JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING》 * |
| 于坤: "超材料的电磁波_热能转化研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑 2018年》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |