CN109244601B - Energy storage type thermal management system and method of power battery based on compressed air - Google Patents
Energy storage type thermal management system and method of power battery based on compressed air Download PDFInfo
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- CN109244601B CN109244601B CN201810873835.6A CN201810873835A CN109244601B CN 109244601 B CN109244601 B CN 109244601B CN 201810873835 A CN201810873835 A CN 201810873835A CN 109244601 B CN109244601 B CN 109244601B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 174
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002026 carminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
- H01M10/6564—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers using compressed gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
- H01M10/6565—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers with recirculation or U-turn in the flow path, i.e. back and forth
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage type thermal management system of an electric automobile power battery based on compressed air, which mainly comprises a power battery heat dissipation and recycling system, a cold and hot air flow conditioning system, an energy recovery system and an air source energy storage system. The power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system comprises a power battery, a cut-off valve and a Venturi tube, and reasonable heat dissipation and exhaust recirculation of battery monomers are realized; the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises an air storage tank, a stop valve, a cooler, an expansion turbine and a mixing valve, forms three heat management modes of low-temperature heating, open air refrigeration and accurate temperature control, and meets the temperature control requirement of the battery; the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine, a connecting shaft, a generator and a super capacitor, and the super capacitor stores energy; the gas source energy storage system comprises a motor, an air compressor, a stop valve and a gas storage tank, and realizes gas storage and energy storage of the gas storage tank. The invention not only effectively solves the heat dissipation problem of the power battery; and the energy can be stored, and the composite conflict of energy management is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage type thermal management system and method of an electric automobile power battery based on compressed air.
Background
With the development of economic society, the global automobile holding amount is increasing at a rate of 3000 ten thousand per year. The rapid increase of the automobile holding amount causes that the gasoline and diesel consumption of the transportation industry in China respectively account for 50.3 percent and 56.5 percent of the total consumption of the whole society, which not only causes the shortage of domestic energy, but also aggravates the environmental deterioration due to the harmful substances discharged by tail gas. Under the circumstances, new energy automobiles are increasingly receiving attention from governments and automobile enterprises. Electric automobiles in new energy automobiles use electric energy to replace fossil fuels such as petroleum as power, have the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, low noise, zero emission and the like, and are important in the development of automobile industries of various countries.
The power battery is used as a key part of an energy source of the electric automobile, and the maximum temperature of battery units is required to be less than 55 ℃, the temperature difference among battery unit bodies is required to be less than or equal to 5 ℃ and the internal temperature difference of each monomer is required to be 5-10 ℃ when the power battery works. When the electric automobile runs, the power battery of the electric automobile can generate a large amount of heat which is discharged in time, and uneven heat accumulation is generated. Because the power battery monomers are arranged densely, the heat accumulation of the battery in the middle area is more, the heat dissipation of the edge area is fast, the heat accumulation is less, and the temperature distribution of each monomer of the battery is uneven; long term accumulation can affect battery life and performance; in severe cases, the battery can be out of control thermally, and even the danger of explosion and fire can occur. Therefore, the problem of uniform heat dissipation of the power battery of the electric automobile is a core technical problem to be solved urgently.
The active heat dissipation system of the battery pack mainly comprises three types of air cooling, liquid cooling and phase-change material cooling. The air cooling heat exchange coefficient is low, and the cooling capacity is insufficient; the liquid cooling heat exchange coefficient is large, the cooling capacity is strong, but the sealing requirement is high; the phase-change material has small cooling heat exchange coefficient and strong modulation capability of unsteady heat flow, can control the variation amplitude of temperature, but has large design difficulty. Air cooling heat dissipation is the most common electric vehicle battery thermal management system at present. The common air cooling system has poor effect, the temperature of the battery pack cannot be controlled within a proper temperature range and/or the temperature uniformity among the battery monomers cannot be ensured. Therefore, a battery pack thermal management system with excellent cooling effect needs to be found to ensure that the power battery is always in an ideal working temperature range and the temperature consistency of each battery cell is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one aspect of the invention, an energy storage type thermal management system of a compressed air-based electric vehicle power battery is provided, which is characterized by comprising:
a heat dissipation and recycling system of a power battery,
a cold and hot air flow conditioning system,
an energy recovery system is arranged in the air conditioner,
an air source energy storage system is arranged on the air source,
wherein:
the power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system; wherein:
the power battery heat dissipation system comprises a power battery connected with the mixing valve and is used for realizing the heat management of the power battery and ensuring that the battery always works in an ideal temperature range;
the recycling system comprises a Venturi tube additionally arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the power battery, wherein an injection port of the Venturi tube is connected with an air outlet of the power battery through a first stop valve to realize exhaust recycling,
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises a hot air flow transmission system and a cold air flow transmission system; wherein
The hot air flow transmission system is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery and comprises two paths:
one path comprises a gas storage tank, a second stop valve and a mixing valve which are connected;
the other path comprises an air compressor, a third stop valve and a mixing valve which are connected, wherein when the air quantity in the air storage tank is insufficient, the air compressor directly supplies high-temperature compressed air to the pipeline by controlling the third stop valve;
the cold air flow transmission system comprises an air storage tank, a fourth stop valve, a cooler, a fifth stop valve, an expansion turbine and a mixing valve which are connected and used for providing low-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery,
the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine and a generator which are connected through a connecting shaft and used for storing energy in a super capacitor to realize energy storage and energy release during low-load operation and high-load operation of the electric automobile,
the air source energy storage system comprises:
an electric motor connected to the air compressor, and
the air storage tank is connected with the air compressor through a sixth cutoff valve,
wherein:
the gas storage bottle is used for storing gas and storing energy,
the air compressor is directly communicated with the mixing valve through a third cut-off valve,
and providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery through an air source energy storage system.
According to another aspect of the invention, an energy storage type thermal management method for an electric vehicle power battery is provided, which is based on an energy storage type thermal management system for an electric vehicle power battery based on compressed air, and the energy storage type thermal management system for the electric vehicle power battery comprises:
a heat dissipation and recycling system of a power battery,
a cold and hot air flow conditioning system,
an energy recovery system is arranged in the air conditioner,
an air source energy storage system is arranged on the air source,
wherein:
the power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system,
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises a hot air flow transmission system and a cold air flow transmission system,
the air source energy storage system comprises:
an electric motor connected to the air compressor, and
the air storage tank is connected with the air compressor through a sixth cutoff valve,
the air compressor is directly communicated with the mixing valve through a third cut-off valve,
it is characterized by comprising:
the power battery heat dissipation system comprising the power battery connected with the mixing valve is utilized to realize the heat management of the power battery and ensure that the battery always works in an ideal temperature range,
the recycling system of the Venturi tube additionally arranged on the air inlet pipeline of the power battery is utilized to realize exhaust recycling, wherein the injection port of the Venturi tube is connected with the air outlet of the power battery through a first cut-off valve,
the hot air flow transmission system is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery, and the high-temperature compressed air is provided through two paths:
one path comprises a gas storage tank, a second stop valve and a mixing valve which are connected;
the other path comprises an air compressor, a third cut-off valve, a mixing valve,
when the air quantity in the air storage tank is insufficient, the air compressor directly supplies high-temperature compressed air to the pipeline by controlling the third stop valve,
the cold air flow transmission system comprising an air storage tank, a fourth stop valve, a cooler, a fifth stop valve, an expansion turbine and a mixing valve which are connected is utilized to provide low-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery,
the energy recovery system comprising the expansion turbine and the generator connected by a connecting shaft is used for storing energy in the super capacitor, thereby realizing the energy release when the electric automobile is operated at low load and high load,
the gas storage cylinder is used for storing gas and storing energy,
and providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery through an air source energy storage system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of an energy storage type thermal management system for a compressed air based electric vehicle power cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of an energy storage type thermal management system of a compressed air-based electric vehicle power battery.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of cooling channels between power cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a thermal management system for a low temperature heating mode of a power cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a thermal management system for a power cell open air cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a thermal management system for a precise temperature control mode of a power battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
A-low temperature heating mode of power battery; b- -power battery open air refrigeration mode; c, a power battery accurate temperature control mode;
1-a motor, 2-an air compressor, 3-an air storage tank, 4-a cooler, 5-an expansion turbine, 6-a mixing valve, 7-a venturi tube, 8-a power battery, 9-a connecting shaft, 10-a generator, 11-a sixth cut-off valve, 12-a fourth cut-off valve, 13-a fifth cut-off valve, 14-a first cut-off valve, 15-a second cut-off valve, 16-a third cut-off valve and 17-a super capacitor;
the power battery comprises an 8-1 power battery monomer, an 8-2 air inlet guide plate, an 8-3 air outlet collector plate, an 8-4 air inlet, an 8-5 air outlet, an 8-6 air inlet valve, an 8-7 guide plate and an 8-8 box body.
Detailed Description
An object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for energy storage type thermal management of an electric vehicle power battery based on compressed air, so as to effectively solve the problem of effective thermal management of the electric vehicle power battery under different environmental conditions, and simultaneously, enable storage of air and energy, achieve multi-functionalization, and solve the composite conflict of energy management.
To achieve the above object, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, there is provided an energy storage type thermal management system for a compressed air-based electric vehicle power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: the system comprises four parts, namely a power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system, a cold and hot air flow conditioning system, an energy recovery system and an air source energy storage system; the power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system comprises a venturi tube 7, a power battery 8 and a first cut-off valve 14; the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises an air storage tank 3, a fourth, a fifth and a second cut-off valves 12, 13, 15, a cooler 4, an expansion turbine 5 and a mixing valve 6; the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine 5, a connecting shaft 9, a generator 10 and a super capacitor 17; the air source energy storage system comprises a motor 1, an air compressor 2, a sixth cut-off valve 11, a third cut-off valve 16 and an air storage tank 3; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth shut-off valves 14, 15, 16, 12, 13, 11 are all valve members of the same type.
The power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system; the power battery cooling system comprises a mixing valve 6 and a power battery 8 which are sequentially connected, so that the heat management of the power battery is realized, and the battery is ensured to work in an ideal temperature range all the time; recirculation system include venturi 7 of installing additional on power battery 8's intake pipe, be connected venturi 7's draw mouthful with power battery 8's air outlet through first trip valve 14, realize carminative circulation and recycle.
The cold and hot airflow conditioning system is divided into a hot airflow transmission system and a cold airflow transmission system;
the hot air flow transmission system is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery and comprises two paths: one path comprises the connected gas storage tank 3, the second cut-off valve 15 and the mixing valve 6; the other one comprises an air compressor 2, a third cut-off valve 16 and a mixing valve 6 which are connected, when the air quantity in the air storage tank 3 is insufficient, the air compressor 2 directly supplies high-temperature compressed air to the pipeline by controlling the third cut-off valve 16; the cold air flow transmission system comprises an air storage tank 3, a fourth stop valve 12, a cooler 4, a fifth stop valve 13, an expansion turbine 5 and a mixing valve 6 which are connected, and low-temperature compressed air is provided for a thermal management system of the power battery.
The energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine 5 and a generator 10 which are connected with each other through a connecting shaft 9 and used for storing energy in a super capacitor 17, so that energy is released when the electric automobile is operated at low load and high load.
The air source energy storage system comprises a motor 1 and an air compressor 2 which are connected with each other, the air storage tank 3 is connected with the air compressor 2 through a sixth cut-off valve 11, and the air storage tank is used for storing air and storing energy; the air compressor 2 is directly communicated with the mixing valve 6 through a third shut-off valve 16, and high-temperature compressed air is provided for a thermal management system of the power battery through the system.
The thermal management system of the power battery mainly comprises three thermal management modes, namely: 1) low-temperature heating mode, 2) open air cooling mode, 3) precise temperature control mode to meet the cooling or heating requirements of the power battery. The low-temperature heating mode of the power battery is provided by the motor 1, the air compressor 2, the sixth cutoff valve 11, the air storage tank 3, the second cutoff valve 15, the third cutoff valve 16, the mixing valve 6 and the power battery 8 which are connected, and is used for heating the power battery. The power battery open air cooling mode is provided by the connected gas storage tank 3, the fourth cut-off valve 12, the cooler 4, the fifth cut-off valve 13, the expansion turbine 5, the mixing valve 6 and the power battery 8 and is used for realizing forced cooling of the power battery; the expansion turbine 5 outputs shaft work to the outside while cooling, and energy is stored in the super capacitor 17 to finish energy storage. The thermal management system in the accurate temperature control mode is formed by superposing a low-temperature heating mode and an open air cooling mode, and the cooling capacity required by the power battery is accurately adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the mixing valve 6.
In addition, a cooling channel is arranged between the inner wall of the box body of the power battery 8 and the battery monomer; the cross section of the box body 8-1 is a right trapezoid, the surface of the trapezoid inclined side box body is an air inlet guide plate 8-2, and the surface of the trapezoid upper bottom box body is an air outlet collector plate 8-3; an air inlet 8-4 is arranged at the end of the trapezoid bevel edge box body close to the air inlet guide plate, and a row of air inlet valves 8-6 are arranged in the lower bottom box body; the trapezoidal upper bottom box body is provided with two air outlets 8-5 and a row of flow deflectors 8-7; the opening angles of the air valve and the flow deflector are adjusted, so that air flow can be uniform, and the heat dissipation air quantity in the power battery pack is effectively controlled.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
by selecting the thermal management mode of the power battery of the electric automobile, the heat dissipation problem of the power battery under different driving working conditions and environmental conditions can be effectively solved;
the gas storage cylinder stores gas and energy, the expansion turbine outputs shaft work to the outside while refrigerating, and the shaft work is stored in the super capacitor to be used by other electrical equipment, so that the multifunctional effect is realized, the environmental protection performance and the energy saving effect of the whole automobile are optimized, and the running safety and the driving comfort of the automobile are improved.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the power battery of the electric automobile in the prior art, the invention designs an energy storage type thermal management system of the power battery of the electric automobile based on compressed air. As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage type thermal management system for a compressed air-based power battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises four parts, namely a power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system, a cold and hot air flow conditioning system, an energy recovery system and an air source energy storage system; wherein: the power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system comprises a Venturi tube 7, a power battery 8 and a first cut-off valve 14; the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises an air storage tank 3, a fourth, a fifth and a second cut-off valves 12, 13, 15, a cooler 4, an expansion turbine 5 and a mixing valve 6; the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine 5, a connecting shaft 9, a generator 10 and a super capacitor 17; the air source energy storage system comprises a motor 1, an air compressor 2, a sixth cut-off valve 11, a third cut-off valve 16 and an air storage tank 3; in one embodiment, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth shut-off valves 14, 15, 16, 12, 13, 11 are all the same type of valve element.
The power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system. The power battery cooling system comprises a mixing valve 6 and a power battery 8 which are connected in sequence; recirculation system includes venturi 7 of installing additional on power battery 8's intake pipe, is connected venturi 7's draw mouthful with power battery 8's air outlet through first trip valve 14.
The cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises a hot air flow transfer system and a cold air flow transfer system. The hot gas flow delivery system comprises two paths: one path comprises the connected gas storage tank 3, the second cut-off valve 15 and the mixing valve 6; the other one comprises an air compressor 2, a third cut-off valve 16 and a mixing valve 6 which are connected.
The cold air flow transmission system comprises an air storage tank 3, a fourth stop valve 12, a cooler 4, a fifth stop valve 13, an expansion turbine 5 and a mixing valve 6 which are connected.
The energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine 5 and a generator 10 connected by a connecting shaft 9 for storing energy in an ultracapacitor 17.
The air source energy storage system comprises a motor 1 and an air compressor 2 which are connected, and an air storage tank 3 which is connected with the air compressor 2 through a sixth cut-off valve 11; furthermore, the air compressor 2 communicates directly with the mixing valve 6 via a third shut-off valve 16.
The operation of the thermal management system of each power battery comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electric motor 1, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cut-off valves 14, 15, 16, 12, 13, 11, and the mixing valve 6 in the system are all connected to a vehicle control unit 200. The battery thermal management system 100 is provided with a temperature sensor 50 inside a power battery pack, the temperature sensor 50 is connected with the vehicle control unit 200 and outputs collected temperature information to the vehicle control unit 200, the vehicle control unit 200 makes a decision according to a temperature signal and controls the opening and closing of the motor 1, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cutoff valves 14, 15, 16, 12, 13 and 11 and the opening degree of the mixing valve 6 so as to meet different cooling or heating requirements.
Referring to fig. 3, the power battery 8 is air-cooled in parallel flow, and a cooling channel is formed between the inner wall of the box body and the battery monomer; air in the pipeline flows into the power battery pack through an air inlet 8-4 at the end close to the air inlet guide plate; the opening degree of the air inlet valve 8-6 is adjusted through a stepping motor to control the air flow distribution; the air flows along the cooling channel from bottom to top and exchanges heat with the single battery body; the airflow enters the flow deflector 8-7 through the cooling channel and is discharged through the air outlet 8-5; the opening degree of the flow deflector is controlled to homogenize the air flow, so that the heat dissipation air quantity in the power battery pack is effectively controlled.
The first mode is as follows: power battery low-temperature heating mode of thermal management system
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, when the power battery pack of the electric vehicle is used at a low temperature, most of the energy generated from the power battery pack is used to generate heat rather than current for running the vehicle. Starting at low temperatures not only causes current instability in the battery pack, but also affects the life of the battery. In order to ensure the normal and effective operation of the battery, the heating mode needs to be started to heat the power battery. The ambient air is compressed in the air compressor 2 to become high-temperature compressed air, the high-temperature compressed air is conveyed to the air storage tank 3 through the sixth cut-off valve 11 to be stored, and the air storage tank 3 stores air and stores energy; the high-temperature compressed air in the air storage tank 3 is delivered to a parallel ventilation cooling circuit inside the power battery 8 through the second shut-off valve 15 and the mixing valve 6, exchanges heat with the power battery 8, and is discharged to the atmosphere through a pipeline. When the amount of air in the air reservoir 3 is insufficient, the air compressor 2 can be caused to supply high-temperature compressed air directly to the piping by controlling the third shut-off valve 16. Thus, the low-temperature heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile is formed, and the heating requirement of the power battery pack 8 in a low-temperature state is met.
And a second mode: power battery open-air refrigeration mode of thermal management system
Referring to fig. 5, when the electric vehicle is operated at a high load, the open air cooling mode needs to be started to forcibly cool the power battery. The high-temperature compressed air in the air storage tank 3 flows into the cooler 4 through the fourth cut-off valve 12 to be cooled, the temperature is reduced, and the high-temperature compressed air is changed into low-temperature compressed air; the low-temperature compressed air enters the expansion turbine 5 from the outlet of the cooler 4 through the fifth cut-off valve 13, is expanded and cooled to become compressed air with lower temperature, is conveyed to the internal cooling passage of the power battery 8 through the mixing valve 6, exchanges heat with the power battery 8, and is exhausted to the atmosphere through a pipeline.
And a third mode: power battery accurate temperature control mode of thermal management system
Referring to fig. 6, when the power battery pack 8 is operated at a low load, the heat generation rate is relatively low, the temperature of the battery pack is relatively high, and a precise temperature control mode of the power battery is required to be started to cool the power battery. The accurate temperature control mode of the power battery is the superposition of the low-temperature heating mode and the open air cooling mode, and the cooling capacity required by the power battery can be accurately adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the mixing valve 6, so that the temperature of the power battery pack can be effectively reduced, and the power battery is ensured to be always in a better working temperature range.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, three power battery thermal management modes can be switched. The high-temperature compressed gas is fully stored in the gas storage tank, and all valves are closed to be in an initial state of battery thermal management control; the vehicle control unit 200 monitors the temperature in the battery pack through the battery thermal management system 100, and when the temperature in the battery pack is lower than a preset temperature, the vehicle control unit 200 preferentially adjusts the temperature in the battery pack by opening the second cut-off valve 15 and the mixing valve 6 and adopting high-temperature compressed air stored in the air storage tank; when the amount of air in the air reservoir 3 is insufficient, the air compressor 2 can supply high-temperature compressed air directly to the line by opening the third shut-off valve 16, and the second and third shut-off valves 15, 16, the mixing valve 6, are not closed until the temperature in the battery pack rises to a predetermined temperature range.
When the vehicle control unit 200 monitors that the temperature in the battery pack is far higher than the preset temperature through the battery thermal management system 100, the vehicle control unit 200 realizes forced cooling of the battery pack by opening the fourth and fifth cutoff valves 12 and 13 and the mixing valve 6 until the temperature in the battery pack is reduced to a preset temperature range, and then closes the fourth and fifth cutoff valves 12 and 13 and the mixing valve 6.
When the vehicle control unit 200 monitors that the temperature in the battery pack is slightly higher than the preset temperature through the battery thermal management system 100, the vehicle control unit 200 precisely adjusts the cooling amount required by the power battery by opening the opening degrees of the fourth, fifth and second cutoff valves 12, 13, 15 and the mixing valve 6, and the fourth, fifth and second cutoff valves 12, 13, 15 and the mixing valve 6 are not closed until the temperature in the battery pack rises to the preset temperature range.
Referring to fig. 1, the recirculation system in the heat dissipation and recirculation system for power batteries according to the present invention is configured to introduce gas exhausted from an air outlet of a power battery 8 into an air inlet pipe of the power battery 8 through a first shut-off valve 14 and an injection port of a venturi tube 7, and reenter an internal cooling passage of the power battery together with fresh cold and hot mixed gas flow to achieve exhaust recirculation.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An energy storage type thermal management system of an electric automobile power battery based on compressed air is characterized by comprising:
a heat dissipation and recycling system of a power battery,
a cold and hot air flow conditioning system,
an energy recovery system is arranged in the air conditioner,
an air source energy storage system is arranged on the air source,
wherein:
the power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system; wherein:
the power battery cooling system comprises a power battery (8) connected with the mixing valve (6) and is used for realizing the thermal management of the power battery and ensuring that the battery always works in an ideal temperature range;
the recycling system comprises a Venturi tube (7) additionally arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the power battery (8), wherein an injection port of the Venturi tube (7) is connected with an air outlet of the power battery (8) through a first cut-off valve (14) to realize exhaust recycling,
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises a hot air flow transmission system and a cold air flow transmission system; wherein
The hot air flow transmission system is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery and comprises two paths:
one path comprises a connected gas storage tank (3), a second cut-off valve (15) and a mixing valve (6);
the other path comprises an air compressor (2), a third stop valve (16) and a mixing valve (6) which are connected, wherein when the air quantity in the air storage tank (3) is insufficient, the air compressor (2) directly supplies high-temperature compressed air to the pipeline by controlling the third stop valve (16);
the cold air flow transmission system comprises an air storage tank (3), a fourth stop valve (12), a cooler (4), a fifth stop valve (13), an expansion turbine (5) and a mixing valve (6) which are connected, and is used for providing low-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery,
the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine (5) and a generator (10) which are connected through a connecting shaft (9) and are used for storing energy in a super capacitor (17) to realize energy storage and energy release during low-load operation and high-load operation of the electric automobile,
the air source energy storage system comprises:
an electric motor (1) connected to the air compressor (2), an
The gas storage tank (3) is connected with the air compressor (2) through a sixth cutoff valve (11), wherein:
the gas storage bottle is used for storing gas and storing energy,
the air compressor (2) is directly communicated with the mixing valve (6) through a third cut-off valve (16), and high-temperature compressed air is provided for a thermal management system of the power battery through an air source energy storage system.
2. The energy storage type thermal management system for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system comprises a Venturi tube (7), a power battery (8) and a first cut-off valve (14);
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises an air storage tank (3), a fourth stop valve (12), a fifth stop valve (13), a second stop valve (15), a cooler (4), an expansion turbine (5) and a mixing valve (6);
the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine (5), a connecting shaft (9), a generator (10) and a super capacitor (17);
the air source energy storage system comprises an electric motor (1), an air compressor (2), a sixth cut-off valve (11), a third cut-off valve (16) and an air storage tank (3).
3. The energy storage type thermal management system for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the thermal management system of the power battery has three thermal management modes, namely a low-temperature heating mode, an open air cooling mode and a precise temperature control mode of the power battery, and can be switched among the three thermal management modes to meet the cooling or heating requirement of the power battery,
wherein
The low-temperature heating mode of the power battery is provided by a motor (1), an air compressor (2), a sixth cut-off valve (11), an air storage tank (3), a second cut-off valve (15), a third cut-off valve (16), a mixing valve (6) and the power battery (8) and is used for heating the power battery,
the open air refrigeration mode is provided by an air storage tank (3), a fourth cut-off valve (12), a cooler (4), a fifth cut-off valve (13), an expansion turbine (5), a mixing valve (6) and a power battery (8) and is used for realizing the forced cooling of the power battery,
the expansion turbine (5) outputs shaft work to the outside while reducing the temperature, thereby storing energy in the super capacitor (17) to finish energy storage,
the accurate temperature control mode is the superposition of a low-temperature heating mode and an open air cooling mode of the power battery, wherein the cooling capacity required by the power battery is accurately adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the mixing valve (6).
4. The energy storage type thermal management system for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that:
a cooling channel is arranged between the inner wall of the box body of the power battery (8) and the battery monomer;
the cross section of the box body (8-1) is in a right trapezoid shape, the surface of the trapezoid inclined side box body is an air inlet guide plate (8-2), and the surface of the trapezoid upper bottom box body is an air outlet collector plate (8-3);
an air inlet (8-4) is arranged at the end of the trapezoid inclined-edge box body close to the air inlet guide plate, and a row of air inlet valves (8-6) are arranged in the lower bottom box body;
the trapezoidal upper bottom box body is provided with two air outlets (8-5) and a row of flow deflectors (8-7); the opening angles of the air inlet valves (8-6) and the flow deflectors are adjusted to enable the air flow to be uniform, so that the heat dissipation air quantity in the power battery pack is effectively controlled.
5. An energy storage type thermal management method of an electric vehicle power battery is based on an energy storage type thermal management system of the electric vehicle power battery based on compressed air, and the energy storage type thermal management system of the electric vehicle power battery comprises the following steps:
a heat dissipation and recycling system of a power battery,
a cold and hot air flow conditioning system,
an energy recovery system is arranged in the air conditioner,
an air source energy storage system is arranged on the air source,
wherein:
the power battery heat dissipation and recycling system comprises a power battery heat dissipation system and a recycling system,
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises a hot air flow transmission system and a cold air flow transmission system,
the air source energy storage system comprises:
an electric motor (1) connected to the air compressor (2), an
Through accumulator jar (3) that sixth trip valve (11) are connected with air compressor (2), air compressor (2) directly communicate with mixing valve (6) through third trip valve (16), its characterized in that includes:
the power battery heat dissipation system comprising the power battery (8) connected with the mixing valve (6) is utilized to realize the heat management of the power battery and ensure that the battery always works in a preset temperature range,
the recycling system comprising the Venturi tube (7) additionally arranged on the air inlet pipeline of the power battery (8) is utilized to realize exhaust recycling, wherein the injection port of the Venturi tube (7) is connected with the air outlet of the power battery (8) through a first cut-off valve (14),
the hot air flow transmission system is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery, and the high-temperature compressed air is provided through two paths:
one path comprises a connected gas storage tank (3), a second cut-off valve (15) and a mixing valve (6);
the other path comprises an air compressor (2), a third stop valve (16) and a mixing valve (6) which are connected,
when the air quantity in the air storage tank (3) is insufficient, the air compressor (2) directly supplies high-temperature compressed air to the pipeline by controlling a third cut-off valve (16),
the cold air flow transmission system comprising a gas storage tank (3), a fourth stop valve (12), a cooler (4), a fifth stop valve (13), an expansion turbine (5) and a mixing valve (6) which are connected is utilized to provide low-temperature compressed air for the thermal management system of the power battery,
energy is stored in a super capacitor (17) by using the energy recovery system comprising an expansion turbine (5) and a generator (10) which are connected through a connecting shaft (9), so that energy is stored when the electric automobile runs at a low load and is released when the electric automobile runs at a high load,
the gas storage tank is used for storing gas and storing energy,
and providing high-temperature compressed air for a thermal management system of the power battery through an air source energy storage system.
6. The energy storage type thermal management method for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the power battery heat dissipation and recirculation system comprises a Venturi tube (7), a power battery (8) and a first cut-off valve (14);
the cold and hot air flow conditioning system comprises an air storage tank 3, a fourth cut-off valve (12), a fifth cut-off valve (13), a second cut-off valve (15), a cooler (4), an expansion turbine (5) and a mixing valve (6);
the energy recovery system comprises an expansion turbine (5), a connecting shaft (9), a generator (10) and a super capacitor (17);
the air source energy storage system comprises an electric motor (1), an air compressor (2), a sixth cut-off valve (11), a third cut-off valve (16) and an air storage tank (3).
7. The energy storage type thermal management method for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the thermal management system of the power battery has three thermal management modes, namely a low-temperature heating mode, an open air cooling mode and a precise temperature control mode of the power battery, and can be switched among the three thermal management modes to meet the cooling or heating requirement of the power battery,
wherein
The low-temperature heating mode of the power battery is provided by a motor (1), an air compressor (2), a sixth cut-off valve (11), an air storage tank (3), a second cut-off valve (15), a third cut-off valve (16), a mixing valve (6) and the power battery (8) and is used for heating the power battery,
the open air refrigeration mode is provided by an air storage tank (3), a fourth cut-off valve (12), a cooler (4), a fifth cut-off valve (13), an expansion turbine (5), a mixing valve (6) and a power battery (8) and is used for realizing the forced cooling of the power battery,
the expansion turbine (5) outputs shaft work to the outside while reducing the temperature, thereby storing energy in the super capacitor (17) to finish energy storage,
the accurate temperature control mode is the superposition of a low-temperature heating mode and an open air cooling mode of the power battery, wherein the cooling capacity required by the power battery is accurately adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the mixing valve (6).
8. The energy storage type thermal management method for the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that:
a cooling channel is arranged between the inner wall of the box body of the power battery (8) and the battery monomer;
the cross section of the box body (8-1) is in a right trapezoid shape, the surface of the trapezoid inclined side box body is an air inlet guide plate (8-2), and the surface of the trapezoid upper bottom box body is an air outlet collector plate (8-3);
an air inlet (8-4) is arranged at the end of the trapezoid inclined-edge box body close to the air inlet guide plate, and a row of air inlet valves (8-6) are arranged in the lower bottom box body;
the trapezoidal upper bottom box body is provided with two air outlets (8-5) and a row of flow deflectors (8-7); the opening angles of the air inlet valves (8-6) and the flow deflectors are adjusted to enable the air flow to be uniform, so that the heat dissipation air quantity in the power battery pack is effectively controlled.
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| CN115742775A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | New forms of energy power assembly and vehicle |
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| CN103727011A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-16 | 清华大学 | Compressed air energy storage system |
| CN107234975A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-10 | 广东机电职业技术学院 | Electrokinetic cell vortex tube heat management system |
| CN107672472A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-09 | 宁波大学 | A kind of new-energy automobile heat management system of zero energy consumption |
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| KR101057556B1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-17 | 에스비리모티브 주식회사 | Battery system and its driving method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103727011A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-16 | 清华大学 | Compressed air energy storage system |
| CN107234975A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-10 | 广东机电职业技术学院 | Electrokinetic cell vortex tube heat management system |
| CN107672472A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-09 | 宁波大学 | A kind of new-energy automobile heat management system of zero energy consumption |
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