CN111391605A - Whole car thermal management system of new forms of energy electric automobile with all-weather multimode switch function - Google Patents
Whole car thermal management system of new forms of energy electric automobile with all-weather multimode switch function Download PDFInfo
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- CN111391605A CN111391605A CN202010213810.0A CN202010213810A CN111391605A CN 111391605 A CN111391605 A CN 111391605A CN 202010213810 A CN202010213810 A CN 202010213810A CN 111391605 A CN111391605 A CN 111391605A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function, which comprises a refrigerating/heating system with the full-climate multi-mode switching function and a battery pack; the refrigerating/heating system comprises an air compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve, a heat exchanger, a circulating pump, an electromagnetic valve group, a three-way valve group and a fin heat exchanger group, wherein the battery group comprises a battery box body, a voltage-sharing and flow-dividing combiner, a voltage equalizer and a junction station, a plurality of battery monomers are contained in the battery box body, and a heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit is arranged between every two battery monomers. The heat management system of the new energy electric vehicle has multiple working modes, is convenient to switch under different climatic conditions such as hot weather, cold weather and the like, reasonably combines multiple advantages of single-phase forced convection heat exchange, solid-liquid phase change heat exchange and gas-liquid phase change heat exchange, and meets the requirements of temperature regulation inside a carriage and temperature control and temperature equalization of a power battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat management system of a new energy electric automobile, in particular to a whole new energy electric automobile heat management system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function, and belongs to the technical field of new energy electric automobiles.
Background
With the increasing energy crisis and environmental pollution, pure fuel vehicles are not the most ideal means of transportation, and the fuel vehicles are planned to be forbidden to sell in succession in various countries. The new energy electric automobile is driven by electricity, electric energy can be derived from renewable clean energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like, and consumption of traditional fossil fuels is reduced, so that the development of the new energy electric automobile is one of important measures for saving energy, reducing emission and realizing sustainable development in the automobile industry. The further development of the new energy electric automobile is limited by factors such as the end of endurance mileage, the end of service life, potential safety hazards and the like, so that the safety of the new energy electric automobile is improved, the service life of the new energy electric automobile is prolonged, and the reduction of functional load energy consumption is of great significance for promoting the development of the new energy electric automobile.
The main power source of the electric automobile is a power battery, and the lithium ion power battery has the advantages of high power density, high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate and the like, and is widely applied to the field of electric automobiles. In practical application, batteries are often connected in series and in parallel to form a battery module, when the ambient temperature is too high, too low or high in discharge rate, the temperature exceeds an optimal working interval or is uneven, so that the charge and discharge rate and the cycle life of the batteries are influenced, and in severe cases, thermal runaway can be caused, and dangers such as ignition, explosion and the like can occur, so that it is necessary to develop a high-efficiency power battery thermal management system. In addition, the proportion of the energy consumption of the air conditioning system of the electric automobile in the vehicle-mounted load is high. Compared with the traditional fuel automobile, the energy-saving regulation of the internal temperature of the compartment of the new energy electric automobile faces a great challenge. Heating inside the traditional fuel vehicle compartment is mainly realized by recycling waste heat of an engine, but energy consumption of temperature adjustment inside the new energy electric vehicle compartment comes from a power battery of the new energy electric vehicle compartment, a large amount of electric energy needs to be consumed under the condition of heating in winter, and the endurance mileage of the vehicle is seriously reduced.
At present, the heat management mode for the power battery mainly comprises air heat management, liquid heat management, phase-change material heat management and the like. The air temperature regulating system of the carriage is mainly a compression type air conditioning system. The independent modes of the battery thermal management system and the carriage air conditioning system have high energy consumption, and the efficient utilization of heat energy cannot be realized. Therefore, the power battery thermal management system and the air conditioning system of the compartment of the electric automobile need to be effectively integrated, an energy-saving, efficient and convenient overall vehicle thermal management system is developed, high-value utilization of heat of the power battery and air heat of the compartment is realized, and thermal management requirements under different climatic environments can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function, which aims to solve the problems of overhigh temperature and uneven temperature of a power battery pack and reduce the energy consumption of a compartment air conditioning system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function comprises a refrigerating/heating system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function and a battery pack;
the refrigerating/heating system comprises an air compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve, a heat exchanger, a circulating pump, an electromagnetic valve group, a three-way valve group, a fin heat exchanger group and a flowmeter, wherein the electromagnetic valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, the three-way valve group comprises a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, the fin heat exchanger group comprises a first fin heat exchanger, a second fin heat exchanger, a third fin heat exchanger and a fourth fin heat exchanger, the four-way reversing valve is provided with an A port, a B port, a C port and a D port, the first three-way valve is provided with an E port, an F port and a G port, the second three-way valve is provided with an H port, an I,
the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the port A of the four-way reversing valve, the port C of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the air compressor, the port B of the four-way reversing valve is sequentially connected with the ports D of the heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the fin heat exchanger and the four-way reversing valve, the liquid outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the port N of the three-way valve, the port O of the three-way valve, the port I of the fin heat exchanger, the port I of the three-way valve is sequentially connected with the flow meter, the port J of the three-way valve is connected with the port F of the three-way valve, the port G of the three-way valve, the heat exchanger and the port L of the three-way valve are sequentially connected, the port M of the three-way valve is connected with the liquid inlet of the circulating pump, the port E of the three-way valve, the fin heat exchanger and the port K of the three-way valve are sequentially,
the battery pack comprises a battery box body, a voltage-sharing and shunting recombiner, a voltage equalizer and a confluence device, wherein a plurality of battery monomers are contained in the battery box body, two sides of each battery monomer are respectively provided with a heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit, the heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit comprises a heat accumulating plate, an ultrathin baffle plate and an ultrathin evaporation plate which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the ultrathin evaporation plate comprises an ultrathin evaporation plate inlet positioned at the bottom of one side and an ultrathin evaporation plate outlet positioned at the top of the other side, the ultrathin baffle plate comprises an ultrathin baffle plate inlet positioned at the bottom of one side and an ultrathin baffle plate outlet positioned at the bottom of the other side, the ultrathin evaporation plate inlet and the ultrathin baffle plate inlet are positioned at the same side, the voltage-sharing and shunting recombiner is positioned at the lower part of, the pressure equalizer is positioned at the lower part of the other side of the battery box body, the inlet of the ultrathin evaporation plate is in sealing connection with the flow dividing cavity interface at the upper part of the pressure equalizing and flow dividing combiner, the outlet of the ultrathin evaporation plate is in sealing connection with the junction of the junction box II, the inlet of the ultrathin baffle plate is in sealing connection with the pressure dividing cavity interface at the lower part of the pressure equalizing and flow dividing combiner, the outlet of the ultrathin baffle plate is in sealing connection with the junction of the pressure equalizer I, the lower junction of the pressure equalizing and flow dividing combiner is connected with the P junction of the three-way valve IV, the upper junction of the pressure equalizing and flow dividing combiner is respectively connected with the fin heat exchanger II and the fin heat exchanger IV, the junction of.
As a further improved scheme of the invention, a plurality of baffle strips are arranged in the ultrathin baffle plate, the width of a flow channel between every two adjacent baffle strips is gradually reduced along the overall flow direction of the fluid, and the length of each baffle strip is gradually increased along the overall flow direction of the fluid.
Preferably, the baffle strips are perpendicular to the overall flow direction of the fluid and are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals up and down.
Preferably, the baffle strips are parallel to the overall flow direction of the fluid and are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals from left to right.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ultrathin evaporating plate is provided with a plurality of channels divided by ribs in the direction perpendicular to the inlet direction, and the channels are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
As a further improved scheme of the invention, the heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit is attached to the side surface of the battery monomer through high-heat-conductivity silica gel.
As a further improved scheme of the invention, the installation position of the battery pack is lower than the installation positions of the second finned heat exchanger and the fourth finned heat exchanger.
As a further improved scheme of the invention, the working medium in the ultrathin evaporation plate is high latent heat liquid with the boiling point of 40-50 ℃; the working medium in the ultrathin baffle plate is a liquid with low viscosity, wide liquid range and high heat conductivity; the heat storage plate is filled with a composite phase change material with high heat conduction and high latent heat, electric heating wires are uniformly distributed in the middle of the composite phase change material, and the heat power battery is rapidly preheated under extreme conditions.
As a further improved scheme of the present invention, the refrigeration/heating system further includes a first cooling fan and a second cooling fan, the first fin heat exchanger and the second fin heat exchanger perform forced convection heat exchange with the first cooling fan, and the third fin heat exchanger and the fourth fin heat exchanger perform forced convection heat exchange with the second cooling fan; the heat dissipation effect and the cold dissipation effect can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan.
Compared with the prior art, the whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function is reasonably and effectively integrated, high-value utilization of heat of a power battery and air heat of a compartment of an electric vehicle can be realized under some working conditions, temperature control requirements of the battery system and comfort of the compartment environment can be met under some extreme conditions, and the system can meet heat management requirements of the compartment and the battery under different climatic environments such as hot weather, cold weather and the like.
In cold conditions, the power battery can be preheated by selecting an electric heating (rapid and energy consumption) or heat pump heating (slow and energy saving) mode according to conditions. At the initial running stage of the vehicle, the heat supply mode of the carriage is selected by the heat pump; when the vehicle runs stably, the heat supply of the carriage can select a heat pump and power battery pack heat production combined heating mode; when the vehicle is in high power operation, the heating of the cabin can be provided entirely by heat generated by the power battery pack. Under the hot condition, when the vehicle runs stably, the cooling function of the compartment and the cooling function of the power battery can be separated, the cooling of the compartment depends on an air conditioner, and the cooling of the power battery can be realized by transmitting heat to the external environment through liquid active circulation or gas-liquid phase change passive circulation; when the vehicle runs at high power, the cooling of the power battery pack needs to depend on a cooling source provided by an air conditioner. Under the comfortable condition of temperature, the temperature in the carriage does not need to be adjusted, and the cooling of the power battery can be realized by transmitting heat to the external environment through single-phase liquid active circulation or gas-liquid phase change passive circulation.
The heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit fully combines multiple advantages of single-phase forced convection heat exchange, solid-liquid phase change heat exchange and gas-liquid phase change heat exchange. Under the condition that the heat generated by the power battery is small, the heat management requirement of the power battery can be met by the independent work of passive circulating cooling of gas-liquid phase change heat exchange; under the condition that the heat generated by the power battery is large, the gas-liquid phase change heat exchange passive circulating cooling is assisted by liquid forced convection cooling; under the condition that the heat generation of the power battery is increased rapidly, the single-phase forced convection heat exchange, the solid-liquid phase change heat exchange and the gas-liquid phase change heat exchange work in a cooperative mode, and the cooling and temperature equalization management of the power battery are completed together. The arrangement mode of the baffle strips in the ultrathin baffle plate optimizes the flow field and the temperature field of internal fluid, so that the temperature equalizing capability of the ultrathin baffle plate is enhanced. The parallel channel structure in the ultrathin evaporation plate can increase capillary force and promote liquid working medium to flow back.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a whole new energy electric vehicle thermal management system with a full-climate multi-mode switching function according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the battery pack of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is an isometric view of the regenerative active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit of fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a voltage equalizing and shunting recombiner, a voltage equalizer, and a flow combiner;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the ultra-thin evaporation plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of an ultra-thin baffle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of an ultra-thin baffle according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in operating mode A;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operating mode B;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in mode C;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in operating mode D;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operating mode E;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operating mode F;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operation mode G;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operating mode H;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the operating mode I;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the system operating in the working mode J;
in the figure, 1 air compressor, 2 four-way reversing valve, 3 gas-liquid separator, 4 expansion valve, 5 heat exchanger, 6a solenoid valve I, 6b solenoid valve II, 6c solenoid valve III, 6d solenoid valve IV, 7a three-way valve I, 7b three-way valve II, 7c three-way valve III, 7d three-way valve IV, 8 circulating pump, 9a fin heat exchanger I, 9b fin heat exchanger II, 9c fin heat exchanger III, 9d fin heat exchanger IV, 10a, cooling fan I, 10b, cooling fan II, 11, flowmeter, 12 battery pack, 12a battery monomer, 12b heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit, 12b-1 ultrathin evaporation plate, 12b-2 ultrathin baffle plate, 12b-3 heat accumulating plate, 12b-4 ultrathin evaporation plate inlet, 12b-5 ultrathin baffle plate inlet, 12b-6 ultrathin baffle plate outlet, 12b-7 ultrathin evaporation plate outlet, 12b-8 baffle bar, 12b-9 channel, 12c battery box, 12d pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner, 12d-1 pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner upper interface, 12d-2 shunting cavity interface, 12d-3 pressure equalizing cavity interface, 12d-4 pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner lower interface, 12e pressure equalizer, 12e-1 pressure equalizer interface I, 12e-2 pressure equalizer interface II, 12f flow combiner, 12f-1 flow combiner interface I and 12f-2 flow combiner interface II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. All equivalent changes and modifications made based on the embodiments of the present invention according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the whole vehicle thermal management system of the new energy electric vehicle with the all-weather multi-mode switching function comprises a refrigerating/heating system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function and a battery pack 12;
the refrigerating/heating system comprises an air compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, an expansion valve 4, a heat exchanger 5, a circulating pump 8, a solenoid valve group, a three-way valve group, a fin heat exchanger group and a flow meter 11, wherein the solenoid valve group comprises a solenoid valve I6 a, a solenoid valve II 6B, a solenoid valve III 6C and a solenoid valve IV 6D, the three-way valve group comprises a three-way valve I7 a, a three-way valve II 7B, a three-way valve III 7C and a three-way valve IV 7D, the fin heat exchanger group comprises a fin heat exchanger I9 a, a fin heat exchanger II 9B, a fin heat exchanger III 9C and a fin heat exchanger IV 9D, the four-way reversing valve 2 is provided with an A port, a B port, a C port and a D port, the three-way valve I7 a is provided with an E port, an F port and a G port, the three-way valve II 7B is provided with an H port, an I port and a,
the outlet of the air compressor 1 is connected with the port A of the four-way reversing valve 2, the port C of the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected with the inlet of the air compressor 1, the port B of the four-way reversing valve 2 is sequentially connected with the ports D of the heat exchanger 5, the expansion valve 4, the fin heat exchanger three 9C and the four-way reversing valve 2, the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 8 is connected with the port N of the three-way valve four 7D, the port O of the solenoid valve four 6D, the port I of the fin heat exchanger one 9a and the port D of the three-way valve two 7B are sequentially connected, the port J of the three-way valve two 7B is connected with the flow meter 11, the port H of the three-way valve two 7B is connected with the port F of the three-way valve one 7a, the port G of the three-way valve one 7a, the port L of the heat exchanger 5 and the port of the three-way valve three 7C are sequentially connected, the port M of the three-way valve three 7C is connected with the liquid inlet of the circulating pump 8, the port E of the port of the.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery pack 12 includes a battery box 12c, a voltage-equalizing and shunting combiner 12d, a voltage equalizer 12e and a junction station 12f, the battery box 12c includes a plurality of battery cells 12a, two sides of the battery cells 12a are respectively provided with a heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit 12b, and as a preferred embodiment, the heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit 12b is attached to the side surface of the battery cell 12a through high thermal conductivity silica gel. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit 12b is twice the cross-sectional area of the battery cell 12a, that is, two battery cells 12a are fixed between the two heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control units 12 b.
As shown in fig. 3, the heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit 12b includes a heat accumulating plate 12b-3, an ultra-thin baffle plate 12b-2 and an ultra-thin evaporation plate 12b-1, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the ultra-thin evaporation plate 12b-1 comprises an ultra-thin evaporation plate inlet 12b-4 at the bottom of one side and an ultra-thin evaporation plate outlet 12b-7 at the top of the other side, a plurality of channels 12b-9 partitioned by ribs in the direction perpendicular to the inlet are arranged in the ultra-thin evaporation plate 12b-1, the channels 12b-9 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the parallel channel structure can increase capillary force and promote the backflow of liquid working medium. The working medium in the ultrathin evaporation plate 12b-1 is high latent heat liquid with the boiling point of 40-50 ℃, for example, cyclopentane.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the ultra-thin baffle 12b-2 comprises an inlet 12b-5 of the ultra-thin baffle at the bottom of one side and an outlet 12b-6 of the ultra-thin baffle at the bottom of the other side. The ultra-thin evaporator plate inlet 12b-4 and the ultra-thin baffle plate inlet 12b-5 are located on the same side. The ultrathin baffle plate 12b-2 is provided with a plurality of baffle strips 12b-8 which are vertical to the overall flow direction of the fluid (the arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the fluid) and are arranged in a vertically staggered mode at intervals, the width of a flow channel between every two adjacent baffle strips 12b-8 is gradually reduced along the overall flow direction of the fluid, and the lengths of the baffle strips 12b-8 are gradually increased along the overall flow direction of the fluid. The arrangement mode of the baffle strips 12b-8 optimizes the flow field and the temperature field of the fluid inside the ultrathin baffle plate 12b-2, so that the temperature equalizing capability of the ultrathin baffle plate is enhanced. The working medium in the ultrathin baffle plate 12b-2 is a liquid with low viscosity, wide liquid range and high heat conductivity, such as ethylene glycol/water/silicon dioxide nanofluid.
The heat storage plate 12b-3 is filled with a composite phase change material with high thermal conductivity and high latent heat, for example, a paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase change material, and electric heating wires are uniformly distributed in the composite phase change material, so that the thermodynamic battery can be rapidly preheated under extreme conditions.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner 12d is located at the lower part of one side of the battery box 12c, the flow combiner 12f is located at the upper part of the other side of the battery box 12c, the pressure equalizer 12e is located at the lower part of the other side of the battery box 12c, the ultrathin evaporation plate inlet 12a-4 is hermetically connected with the shunting cavity interface 12d-2 at the upper part of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner 12d, the ultrathin evaporation plate outlet 12b-7 is hermetically connected with the flow combiner interface ii 12f-2, the ultrathin baffle plate inlet 12b-5 is hermetically connected with the pressure equalizing cavity interface 12d-3 at the lower part of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner 12d, the ultrathin baffle plate outlet 12b-6 is hermetically connected with the pressure equalizer interface i 12e-1, and the lower interface 12d-4 of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner is connected, an upper interface 12d-1 of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner is respectively connected with a second fin heat exchanger 9b and a fourth fin heat exchanger 9d, an interface II 12e-2 of the pressure equalizing device is connected with a flowmeter 11, and an interface I12 f-1 of the confluence device is respectively connected with a first electromagnetic valve 6a and a second electromagnetic valve 6 b.
The mounting position of the battery pack 12 is lower than the mounting positions of the second finned heat exchanger 9b and the fourth finned heat exchanger 9d, so that the condensed working medium in the finned heat exchanger can be driven by gravity to flow back to the battery pack.
The refrigerating/heating system further comprises a first cooling fan 10a and a second cooling fan 10b, the first fin heat exchanger 9a and the second fin heat exchanger 9b perform forced convection heat exchange with the first cooling fan 10a respectively, and the third fin heat exchanger 9c and the fourth fin heat exchanger 9d perform forced convection heat exchange with the second cooling fan 10b respectively. The heat dissipation effect and the cold dissipation effect can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan.
The invention reasonably combines multiple advantages of single-phase forced convection heat exchange, solid-liquid phase change heat exchange and gas-liquid phase change heat exchange, reasonably and effectively integrates a power battery heat management system and an air conditioning system of an electric automobile carriage, and provides a new energy electric automobile whole heat management system with a full-weather multi-mode switching function, which comprises ten working modes, wherein detailed operation processes of working media in the system under different working modes are respectively as follows:
when the heat pump mode supplies heat to the battery system, the operation mode a is activated, as shown in fig. 8,
and (3) circulation 1: the outlet of the air compressor 1 is connected with the port A of the four-way reversing valve 2, the port A is communicated with the port B, the port B is sequentially connected with the heat exchanger 5, the expansion valve 4, the finned heat exchanger III 9C and the port D of the four-way reversing valve 2, the port D is communicated with the port C, the port C of the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected with the inlet of the air compressor 1.
And 2, circulating 2, wherein a liquid outlet of a circulating pump 8 is connected with an N port of a three-way valve four 7d, the N port is communicated with a P port, the P port is sequentially connected with a battery pack 12, a flow meter 11 and a J port of a three-way valve two 7b, the J port is communicated with an H port, the H port is connected with an F port of a three-way valve one 7a, the F port is communicated with a G port, the G port is connected with a heat exchanger 5 and an L port of a three-way valve three 7c, a L port is communicated with an M port, and the M port is connected with.
When the heat pump mode supplies heat to the cabin, the operation mode B is activated, as shown in fig. 9,
and (3) circulation 1: cycle 1 as in operating mode a.
And 2, circulating 2, wherein a liquid outlet of a circulating pump 8 is connected with an N port of a three-way valve four 7d, the N port is communicated with an O port, the O port is sequentially connected with an electromagnetic valve four 6d, a first finned heat exchanger 9a and an I port of a three-way valve two 7b, the I port is communicated with an H port, the H port is connected with an F port of the three-way valve one 7a, the F port is communicated with a G port, the G port is connected with a L port of a heat exchanger 5 and a three-way valve three 7c, a L port is communicated with an M port, and the M port is connected with.
When the heat pump mode simultaneously supplies heat to the cabin and the battery system, the operation mode C is started, as shown in fig. 10,
and (3) circulation 1: cycle 1 as in operating mode a.
And (3) circulation 2: loop 2 in operating mode a and loop 2 in operating mode B are parallel.
When the cabin is supplied with heat by active circulation of liquid by means of battery heat generation, the operating mode D is activated, as shown in figure 11,
and (3) circulation: the liquid outlet of circulating pump 8 is connected with the N mouth of three-way valve four 7d, and N mouth and P mouth intercommunication, P mouth and group battery 12, flowmeter 11, the J mouth of two 7b of three-way valve are connected gradually, and J mouth and I mouth intercommunication, I mouth and finned heat exchanger one 9a, three 6c of solenoid valve, circulating pump 8's inlet are connected gradually.
When the heat is supplied to the carriage by gas-liquid phase change passive circulation by means of battery heat production, the operation mode E is started, as shown in fig. 12,
and (3) circulation: and the positive electrode of the battery pack 12 is sequentially connected with the second electromagnetic valve 6b, the second fin heat exchanger 9b and the negative electrode of the battery pack 12.
When the air conditioning mode is used to cool the vehicle compartment, the operation mode F is activated, as shown in fig. 13,
and (3) circulation 1: the outlet of the air compressor 1 is connected with the port A of the four-way reversing valve 2, the port A is communicated with the port D, the port D is sequentially connected with the finned heat exchanger III 9C, the expansion valve 4, the heat exchanger 5 and the port B of the four-way reversing valve 2, the port B is communicated with the port C, the port C of the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected with the inlet of the air compressor 1.
And (3) circulation 2: cycle 2 as in operating mode B.
When the air-conditioning mode cools the battery, the operation mode G is activated, as shown in fig. 14,
and (3) circulation 1: cycle 1 as in operating mode F.
And (3) circulation 2: cycle 2 as in operating mode a.
When the air-conditioning mode simultaneously supplies the cooling of the vehicle compartment and the cooling of the battery, the operation mode H is started, as shown in fig. 15,
and (3) circulation 1: cycle 1 as in operating mode F.
And (3) circulation 2: loop 2 in operating mode F and loop 2 in operating mode G are parallel.
When the battery is cooled by active circulation of liquid when the air conditioner is not turned on, the operation mode I is started, as shown in fig. 16,
and (3) circulation: the liquid outlet of circulating pump 8 is connected with the N mouth of the four 7d of three-way valve, N mouth and P mouth intercommunication, P mouth and group battery 12, flowmeter 11, the J mouth of two 7b of three-way valve are connected gradually, J mouth and H mouth intercommunication, H mouth and the F mouth of one 7a of three-way valve are connected, F mouth and E mouth intercommunication, E mouth and four 9d of finned heat exchanger, the K mouth of three-way valve is connected, K mouth and M mouth intercommunication, M mouth and circulating pump 8's inlet are connected.
When the battery is cooled by gas-liquid phase change passive circulation when the air conditioner is not turned on, the operation mode J is started, as shown in fig. 17,
and (3) circulation: and the positive electrode of the battery pack 12 is connected with the first electromagnetic valve 6a, the fourth finned heat exchanger 9d and the negative electrode of the battery pack 12 in sequence.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the internal structure of the ultra-thin baffle plate 12b-2 is shown in fig. 7, the arrow in the figure is the fluid flow direction, a plurality of baffle strips 12b-8 parallel to the overall fluid flow direction and arranged in a staggered manner at left and right are arranged in the ultra-thin baffle plate 12b-2, and other embodiments are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not meant to be limiting, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention, which are made by the ordinary engineers in the art without departing from the spirit of the design concept of the present invention, should fall into the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical contents of the protection of the present invention are all described in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function is characterized by comprising a refrigerating/heating system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function and a battery pack (12);
the refrigerating/heating system comprises an air compressor (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), an expansion valve (4), a heat exchanger (5), a circulating pump (8), an electromagnetic valve group, a three-way valve group, a fin heat exchanger group and a flow meter (11), wherein the electromagnetic valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve (6a), a second electromagnetic valve (6B), a third electromagnetic valve (6C) and a fourth electromagnetic valve (6D), the three-way valve group comprises a first three-way valve (7a), a second three-way valve (7B), a third three-way valve (9C) and a fourth three-way valve (7D), the four-way reversing valve (2) is provided with a three-way valve A, a B, a C and a D, the first three-way valve (7a) is provided with an E port, an F port and a G port, the second three-way valve (7B) is provided with an H port, an I port and a J port, the third three-way valve (7C) is provided with a K port, L port and an M port, the fourth three-way valve (7D) is provided with an N port,
an outlet of the air compressor (1) is connected with an A port of the four-way reversing valve (2), a C port of the four-way reversing valve (2) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (3), an outlet of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected with an inlet of the air compressor (1), a B port of the four-way reversing valve (2) is sequentially connected with D ports of the heat exchanger (5), the expansion valve (4), the fin heat exchanger (9C) and the four-way reversing valve (2), a liquid outlet of the circulating pump (8) is connected with an N port of the three-way valve (7D), an O port of the three-way valve (7D), a four solenoid valve (6D), a first fin heat exchanger (9a) and an I port of the three-way valve (7B) are sequentially connected, a J port of the three-way valve (7B) is connected with the flow meter (11), an H port of the three-way valve (7B) is connected with an F port of the three-way valve (7a), a G port of the three-way valve (7a), a port of the heat exchanger (5), an opening of the three-way valve (7C) is sequentially connected with an L port of the three-way valve (7a), an M port of the three-way valve (7C) is connected with an inlet of the three-way valve (7a) and a fin heat exchanger (7C), a fin heat exchanger (9B) is connected with a fin heat exchanger (6B), and a fin heat exchanger (9B) of the fin heat exchanger (7C;
the battery pack (12) comprises a battery box body (12c), a voltage-sharing and shunting combiner (12d), a voltage equalizer (12e) and a flow combiner (12f), wherein the battery box body (12c) comprises a plurality of battery monomers (12a), two sides of each battery monomer (12a) are respectively provided with a heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit (12b), each heat accumulating type active/passive combined liquid temperature control unit (12b) comprises a heat accumulating plate (12b-3), an ultrathin baffle plate (12b-2) and an ultrathin evaporation plate (12b-1) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each ultrathin evaporation plate (12b-1) comprises an ultrathin evaporation plate inlet (12b-4) positioned at the bottom of one side and an ultrathin evaporation plate outlet (12b-7) positioned at the top of the other side, and each ultrathin baffle plate (12b-2) comprises an ultrathin baffle plate inlet (12b-7) positioned at the bottom of one side 5) And an ultrathin baffle plate outlet (12b-6) positioned at the bottom of the other side, wherein the ultrathin evaporation plate inlet (12b-4) and the ultrathin baffle plate inlet (12b-5) are positioned at the same side, the voltage-sharing and current-dividing recombiner (12d) is positioned at the lower part of one side of the battery box body (12c), the flow combiner (12f) is positioned at the upper part of the other side of the battery box body (12c), the voltage equalizer (12e) is positioned at the lower part of the other side of the battery box body (12c), the ultrathin evaporation plate inlet (12b-4) is hermetically connected with a flow-dividing cavity interface (12d-2) at the upper part of the voltage-sharing and current-dividing recombiner (12d), the ultrathin evaporation plate outlet (12b-7) is hermetically connected with a flow combiner interface II (12f-2), and the ultrathin baffle plate inlet (12b-5) is hermetically connected with a pressure-dividing cavity interface (12d, the outlet (12b-6) of the ultrathin baffle plate is hermetically connected with a pressure equalizing device interface I (12e-1), the lower interface (12d-4) of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner is connected with a port P of a three-way valve four (7d), the upper interface (12d-1) of the pressure equalizing and shunting recombiner is respectively connected with a fin heat exchanger II (9b) and a fin heat exchanger IV (9d), a pressure equalizing device interface II (12e-2) is connected with a flow meter (11), and a junction station interface I (12f-1) is respectively connected with a solenoid valve I (6a) and a solenoid valve II (6 b).
2. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of baffle strips (12b-8) are arranged in the ultrathin baffle plate (12b-2), the width of a flow channel between adjacent baffle strips (12b-8) is gradually reduced along the overall flow direction of the fluid, and the length of each baffle strip (12b-8) is gradually increased along the overall flow direction of the fluid.
3. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function as claimed in claim 2, wherein the baffle strips (12b-8) are perpendicular to the overall flow direction of the fluid and are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals from top to bottom.
4. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function as claimed in claim 2, wherein the baffle strips (12b-8) are parallel to the overall flow direction of the fluid and are arranged in a staggered manner at left and right intervals.
5. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function is characterized in that a plurality of channels (12b-9) divided by vertical inlet direction ribs are arranged in the ultrathin evaporation plate (12b-1), and the channels (12b-9) are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
6. The whole new energy electric vehicle thermal management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat accumulating type active/passive combination liquid temperature control unit (12b) is attached to the side surface of the battery cell (12a) through high thermal conductivity silica gel.
7. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function is characterized in that the installation position of the battery pack (12) is lower than the installation positions of the second finned heat exchanger (9b) and the fourth finned heat exchanger (9 d).
8. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working medium in the ultrathin evaporation plate (12b-1) is a high latent heat liquid with a boiling point of 40 ℃ to 50 ℃; the working medium in the ultrathin baffle plate (12b-2) is liquid with low viscosity, wide liquid range and high heat conductivity; the heat storage plate (12b-3) is filled with a composite phase change material with high heat conduction and high latent heat, and electric heating wires are uniformly distributed in the middle of the composite phase change material.
9. The whole new energy electric vehicle heat management system with the all-weather multi-mode switching function according to claim 1, wherein the cooling/heating system further comprises a first cooling fan (10a) and a second cooling fan (10b), the first fin heat exchanger (9a) and the second fin heat exchanger (9b) respectively perform forced convection heat exchange with the first cooling fan (10a), and the third fin heat exchanger (9c) and the fourth fin heat exchanger (9d) respectively perform forced convection heat exchange with the second cooling fan (10 b).
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