CN107394311B - Cooling and heating system of electric automobile power battery - Google Patents

Cooling and heating system of electric automobile power battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107394311B
CN107394311B CN201710651421.4A CN201710651421A CN107394311B CN 107394311 B CN107394311 B CN 107394311B CN 201710651421 A CN201710651421 A CN 201710651421A CN 107394311 B CN107394311 B CN 107394311B
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way valve
port
heat exchanger
heat
working medium
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CN107394311A (en
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熊国辉
何国庚
黄定英
邢艳青
张逵
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Songz Automobile Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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Songz Automobile Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H01M10/6564—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers using compressed gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery, which comprises a working medium pump, a battery heat exchanger, an auxiliary electric heater, a liquid storage device, a plurality of heat exchangers and a plurality of three-way valves, wherein working medium in a gas-liquid two-phase or liquid state in a using temperature range is adopted; the components are connected with the structural member according to a designed route from the outlet of the working medium pump, the first heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with ambient air; the external cold source is the cold provided by the vapor compression refrigeration system, or the cold provided by the thermoelectric refrigeration equipment, or the cold provided by other cold sources; the external heat source is the heat provided by the vapor compression heat pump or the heat provided by the thermoelectric equipment or the heat provided by other heat sources. The invention can keep the power battery in a better working temperature area throughout the year, reduce the electric energy consumed by cooling or heating, improve the service efficiency of the power battery and prolong the endurance capacity of the electric automobile.

Description

Cooling and heating system of electric automobile power battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile design and manufacture, relates to the technology of electric automobile batteries, and in particular relates to a cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery.
Background
Automobiles have become an indispensable vehicle in modern society. Research on new energy automobiles caused by environmental protection and petroleum crisis is always paid attention to automobile manufacturers and the large country of automobile use. With the increasing environmental protection requirements, the automobile exhaust emission standard is continuously strict, and the traditional fuel automobile is more and more strictly limited. New energy automobiles, in particular electric automobiles, are increasingly accepted by society, become a competitive research and development project for various main industrial countries and various large automobile manufacturing enterprises, and become one of main trends of automobile development. The electric automobile has the advantages of low noise, low pollution, new energy use and the like, becomes an important component of the urban traffic system gradually, and has wide prospect. The core components of the electric automobile are a driving motor and a battery pack, and particularly the performance of the battery pack of the electric automobile is directly related to the cruising ability, energy efficiency, charge and discharge time, vehicle body weight and the like of the electric automobile. There are studies showing that: the battery of the electric automobile can only play the best role in the temperature range of 20-25 ℃. When the working temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃, the discharge quantity is greatly increased, so that the temperature and the discharge current of the battery are suddenly increased, and the service time of the battery is obviously shortened. When the operating temperature of the battery is higher than 60 c, the battery may even present a risk of explosive combustion. When the operating temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the charging efficiency of the battery is seriously affected, and the charging level of the battery is always only 70-80% of the ideal state. If the temperature is further reduced, the charge level of the battery will be reduced to 50% or even lower, while the charge time of the battery will be greatly prolonged.
For the above problems of the electric automobile battery, various solutions have been proposed by researchers. Chinese patent document CN103547467a discloses "a cooling system for cooling a heat generating source by a vapor compression refrigeration cycle". Chinese patent document CN103153660a discloses "a vehicle air conditioning apparatus" that directly cools or heats a battery by using a refrigerant of a vehicle air conditioning refrigeration system in addition to a vehicle air conditioning. Chinese patent document CN103579714a discloses "a method and system for cooling of a rechargeable energy storage system of a vehicle". Chinese patent document CN105605822a discloses "an electric vehicle battery pack device with a heat pump system". Chinese patent document CN202076386U discloses a "battery temperature management system", which uses a refrigeration system to cool battery coolant to cool battery.
In addition to heating by a heat pump system, the conventional heating method mainly uses heating wires, electric heating plates and PTC (thermistors) to heat air and liquid around the battery or directly heat the battery to increase the temperature of the battery. However, the battery temperature control system of the existing electric automobile has some disadvantages, such as: the battery pack of the electric automobile is provided with two systems for refrigerating and heating, so that the temperature control system has a complex structure and a huge volume, occupies a limited space of the battery pack, and can ensure higher energy consumption for cooling and heating the battery even if a heat pump system is adopted for cooling and heating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects, and provides a cooling and heating system for the power battery of the electric automobile, which can cool the power battery by directly exchanging heat with ambient air besides cooling and heating the power battery by using an external cold source, so that the power battery can be kept in a better working temperature area throughout the year, the electric energy consumed by cooling and heating the power battery can be reduced, the service efficiency of the power battery of the electric automobile is effectively improved, and the cruising ability of the electric automobile is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises a working medium pump, a third three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a battery heat exchanger, an auxiliary electric heater, a third three-way valve, a second heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a sixth three-way valve and a liquid reservoir, and is characterized in that an outlet of the working medium pump is connected with an a port of the third three-way valve, a b port of the third three-way valve is connected with an a port of the second three-way valve, and a c port of the third three-way valve is connected with a c port of the fourth three-way valve; the port b of the third three-way valve is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger, and the port c of the third three-way valve is connected with the port c of the third three-way valve VI; the other end of the battery heat exchanger is connected with one end of an auxiliary electric heater, and the other end of the auxiliary electric heater is connected with an a port of a third three-way valve; the port b of the third three-way valve is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, and the other end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the port a of the fifth three-way valve; the port c of the third three-way valve is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the first heat exchanger is connected with the port a of the fourth three-way valve, the port b of the fourth three-way valve is connected with the port c of the fifth three-way valve, the port b of the fifth three-way valve is connected with the port a of the VI three-way valve, the port b of the VI three-way valve is connected with the inlet of a liquid reservoir, and the outlet of the liquid reservoir is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump; and the first heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with ambient air.
Further, the working medium adopted by the working medium pump is in a vapor-liquid two-phase state within the use temperature range.
Further, the three-way valves can realize the function of regulating the fluid passage by organically combining the three-way valves with other valves (such as electromagnetic valves).
Further, the external cold source is the cold provided by the vapor compression refrigeration system, the thermoelectric refrigeration equipment or other cold sources.
Further, the external heat source is heat provided by a vapor compression heat pump, heat provided by thermoelectric equipment or heat provided by other heat sources.
The cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises a working medium pump, a battery heat exchanger, an auxiliary electric heater, a third three-way valve, a second heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a third three-way valve and a liquid reservoir, and is characterized in that an outlet of the working medium pump is connected with one end of the auxiliary electric heater, the other end of the auxiliary electric heater is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger, and the other end of the battery heat exchanger is connected with an port a of the third three-way valve; the port b of the third three-way valve is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, and the other end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the port a of the fifth three-way valve; the port c of the third three-way valve is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the first heat exchanger is connected with the port c of the fifth three-way valve, the port b of the fifth three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the liquid reservoir, and the outlet of the liquid reservoir is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump; and the first heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange with ambient air.
Further, the working medium adopted by the working medium pump is in a liquid state within the use temperature range.
Further, the liquid storage device is an expansion water tank and is used for adding liquid, supplementing liquid and exhausting air.
Further, the three-way valves can realize the function of regulating the fluid passage by organically combining the three-way valves with other valves (such as electromagnetic valves).
Further, the external cold source is the cold provided by the vapor compression refrigeration system, the thermoelectric refrigeration equipment or other cold sources; the external heat source is heat provided by a vapor compression heat pump, heat provided by thermoelectric equipment or heat provided by other heat sources.
The cooling and heating system of the electric automobile power battery has the positive effects that:
besides the cooling or heating of the power battery by using an external cold source and an external heat source, the power battery can be cooled by directly exchanging heat with ambient air, so that the power battery can be kept in a better working temperature area throughout the year, the electric energy consumed during cooling or heating of the power battery can be reduced, the service efficiency of the power battery of the electric automobile is effectively improved, and the cruising ability of the electric automobile can be prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural arrangement diagram of a cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural configuration diagram of the cooling and heating system (using a working medium in a liquid state in a use temperature range) of the power battery of the electric vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural arrangement diagram of a cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural arrangement diagram of a cooling and heating system of a power battery of an electric vehicle according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural arrangement diagram of a cooling and heating system of a power battery of an electric vehicle according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural arrangement diagram of a cooling and heating system of an electric car power battery of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are respectively:
1. a working medium pump; 2. A first three-way valve;
2a, I three-way valve a port; 2b, a port b of a third three-way valve I;
2c, a port of a third three-way valve c; 3. A second three-way valve;
3a, a port of a third three-way valve a; 3b, a port b of a third three-way valve II;
3c, a port of a third three-way valve c; 4. A battery heat exchanger;
5. An auxiliary electric heater; 6. A third three-way valve;
6a, a port of a third three-way valve a; 6b, a port b of a third three-way valve;
6c, a port of a third three-way valve c; 7. A second heat exchanger 7;
8. a first heat exchanger; 9. A fourth three-way valve;
9a, IV three-way valve a port; 9b, a port b of a third IV three-way valve;
9c, a port of a third IV three-way valve c; 10. A fifth three-way valve;
10a, a port of a third three-way valve a; 10b, a port b of a third three-way valve V;
10c, a port of a third three-way valve c; 11. A VI three-way valve;
11a, VI three-way valve a ports; 11b, vi three-way valve b port;
11c, VI three-way valve c port; 12. A reservoir;
13. a compressor; 14. A four-way valve;
14a, a port of the four-way valve a; 14b, a port of the four-way valve b;
14c, a port of the four-way valve c; 14d, a d port of the four-way valve;
15. a third heat exchanger; 16. A throttle mechanism;
17. a fourth heat exchanger; 18. A first electromagnetic valve;
19. A second electromagnetic valve; 20. A VII th three-way valve;
20a, VII three-way valve a port; 20b, VII three-way valve b port;
20c, a third-stage valve c port of VII; 21. A VIII three-way valve;
21a, a port of a VIII three-way valve a; 21b, viii three-way valve b port;
21c, a port of a VIII three-way valve c.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the cooling and heating system for a power battery of an electric vehicle according to the present invention are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1. A cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery comprises a working medium pump 1 for promoting medium circulation, a third three-way valve 2, a second three-way valve 3, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a fourth three-way valve 9, a fifth three-way valve 10, a VI three-way valve 11 and a liquid reservoir 12. In practice, the working medium pump 1, the battery heat exchanger 4, the auxiliary electric heater 5, the second heat exchanger 7 and the first heat exchanger 8 may adopt existing components or structural members. The adopted working medium is a working medium in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in the use temperature range.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile of the invention is as follows (see fig. 1):
And connecting the outlet of the working medium pump 1 with an alpha port 2a of the I three-way valve. The port 2b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 3a of the third three-way valve a, and the port 2c of the third three-way valve c is connected with the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c. The port 3b of the second three-way valve b is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is connected with the port 11c of the third three-way valve c. The other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected with one end of the auxiliary electric heater 5, and the other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 is connected with a port 6a of the third three-way valve a. The third three-way valve b port 6b is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the third three-way valve a port 10 a. The port 6c of the third three-way valve c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger 8, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected with the port 9a of the fourth three-way valve a. The fourth three-way valve b port 9b is connected to the fifth three-way valve c port 10 c. The port 10b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 11a of the third three-way valve a, the port 11b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage 12, and the outlet of the liquid storage 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1.
Wherein, the first heat exchanger 8 is used for heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source. The external cold source is the cold provided by the vapor compression refrigeration system of the electric automobile air conditioner, or the cold provided by the thermoelectric refrigeration equipment, or the cold provided by other cold sources. The external heat source is the heat provided by the vapor compression heat pump of the electric automobile air conditioner, or the heat provided by thermoelectric equipment, or the heat provided by other heat sources.
Heat exchange with ambient air takes place with said second heat exchanger 7.
The cooling and heating system (adopting a working medium in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in a use temperature range) of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises the following working processes:
in summer, the cooling of the power battery needs to be performed by using an external cold source, and the working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs liquid working medium from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the liquid working medium into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid working medium enters the II three-way valve 3 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b are communicated, the port 3c of the third three-way valve c is not communicated, and the liquid working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b and absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, so that the battery keeps a proper temperature; at this time, the working medium is heated and evaporated into steam which enters the third three-way valve 6 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c are conducted, the port 6b of the third three-way valve b is not conducted, and the steam working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c; the steam working medium is cooled and condensed into liquid working medium by an external cold source in the first heat exchanger 8 and then enters the fourth three-way valve 9, at the moment, the port 9a of the fourth three-way valve a and the port 9b of the fourth three-way valve b are conducted, the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid working medium enters the fifth three-way valve 10 through the port 9a of the fourth three-way valve a and the port 9b of the fourth three-way valve b; at this time, the port 10b of the v-th three-way valve b and the port 10c of the v-th three-way valve c are conducted, the port 10a of the v-th three-way valve a is not conducted, the liquid working medium enters the VI-th three-way valve 11 through the port 10b of the v-th three-way valve b and the port 10c of the v-th three-way valve c, at this time, the port 11a of the VI-th three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI-th three-way valve b are conducted, the port 11c of the VI-th three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 11a of the VI-th three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI-th three-way valve b, thereby completing the cooling cycle of the power battery by using the external cold source once.
In spring and autumn, the power battery can be cooled without an extra external cold source and by utilizing the air in the environment. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs liquid working medium from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the liquid working medium into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid working medium enters the II three-way valve 3 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b are communicated, the port 3c of the third three-way valve c is not communicated, the liquid working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b and absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the battery, and the liquid working medium is heated and evaporated into steam which enters the third three-way valve 6 through the auxiliary electric heater 5; at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 6c of the third three-way valve c is not conducted, and the steam working medium enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b; in the second heat exchanger 7, the vapor working medium is cooled and condensed into a liquid working medium by the air in the environment, and then enters the V three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10a of the third V three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third V three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10c of the third V three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid working medium enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 10a of the third V three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third V three-way valve b; at this time, the port 11a of the VI three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI three-way valve b are communicated, the port 11c of the VI three-way valve c is not communicated, and the liquid working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 11a of the VI three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI three-way valve b, so that the natural cooling cycle of the power battery by using the ambient air once is completed.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by an external heat source, and if necessary, the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be used for further heating. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks liquid working medium from the liquid storage device 12 and pumps the liquid working medium into the first three-way valve 2; at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c are communicated, the port 2b of the I three-way valve b is not communicated, and liquid working medium enters the IV three-way valve 9 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c; at this time, the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a are communicated, the port 9b of the third IV three-way valve b is not communicated, the liquid working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a, the liquid working medium is heated and evaporated into steam by an external heat source in the first heat exchanger 8, and then the steam working medium enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a are communicated, the third three-way valve b port 6b is not communicated, the steam working medium enters the auxiliary electric heater 5 through the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a, the auxiliary electric heater 5 is started to further heat the steam working medium when necessary, the temperature of the steam working medium is further increased, and then the steam working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 to heat the power battery, so that the power battery is ensured to have proper temperature; at this time, the steam working medium is cooled and condensed into a liquid working medium, and then enters a third three-way valve 3; at this time, the port 3b of the third three-way valve b and the port 3c of the third three-way valve c are communicated, the port 3a of the third three-way valve a is not communicated, and the liquid working medium enters the third three-way valve 11 through the port 3b of the third three-way valve b and the port 3c of the third three-way valve c; at this time, the port 11c of the third valve c and the port 11b of the third valve b are conducted, the port 11a of the third valve a is not conducted, and the liquid working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 11c of the third valve c and the port 11b of the third valve vi, thereby completing the heating cycle of the power battery by using the external heat source once.
See fig. 2. In the cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile, when the adopted working medium is always in a liquid state in the use temperature range, the three-way valve I2, the three-way valve II 3, the three-way valve IV 9 and the three-way valve VI 11 shown in the figure 1 can be omitted; the device comprises a working medium pump 1, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a fifth three-way valve 10 and a liquid reservoir 12. In addition, an auxiliary electric heater 5 originally arranged between the battery heat exchanger 4 and the third three-way valve 6 is adjusted and arranged between the working medium pump 1 and the battery heat exchanger 4. The parts and workpieces used in example 2 were the same as those in example 1.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile of the invention is as follows (see fig. 2):
connecting an outlet of the working medium pump 1 with one end of the auxiliary electric heater 5, connecting the other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and connecting the other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 with a port 6a of a third three-way valve a; connecting a third three-way valve b port 6b with one end of a second heat exchanger 7, and connecting the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 with a third three-way valve a port 10 a; the third three-way valve c port 6c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger 8, the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected with the third three-way valve c port 10c, the third three-way valve b port 10b is connected with the inlet of the liquid reservoir 12, and the outlet of the liquid reservoir 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1. Wherein, the first heat exchanger 8 is used for heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger 7 is used for heat exchange with ambient air.
The cooling and heating system (adopting working medium in liquid state in the use temperature range) of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises the following working processes:
in summer, the cooling of the power battery is performed by using an external cold source. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage 12, enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, so that the power battery keeps proper temperature, and the working medium is heated to rise temperature and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c are conducted, the port 6b of the third three-way valve b is not conducted, the heated working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c, the working medium in the first heat exchanger 8 is cooled by an external cold source and then enters the third three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b, thereby completing the cooling cycle of the power battery by using the external cold source once.
In spring and autumn, the power battery can be cooled without an additional external cold source and by using ambient air; the working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage device 12, enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, at the moment, the temperature of the working medium rises, and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 6c of the third three-way valve c is not conducted, and the working medium enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b; the working medium in the second heat exchanger 7 is cooled by the air in the environment and then enters the third three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10c of the third v three-way valve c is not conducted, and the cooled working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b, thereby completing the natural cooling cycle of the power battery by using the ambient air once.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by an external heat source, and if necessary, an auxiliary electric heater 5 can be adopted for further heating; the working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks working medium from the liquid storage device 12 and passes through the auxiliary electric heater 5, at the moment, the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started to further heat the working medium if necessary, so that the temperature of the working medium is further increased, and then the working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 to heat the power battery, so that the power battery is ensured to have proper temperature, and the temperature of the working medium is reduced; the working medium after temperature reduction enters a third three-way valve 6, at the moment, a port 6a of the third three-way valve a and a port 6c of the third three-way valve c are conducted, a port 6b of the third three-way valve b is not conducted, and the working medium enters a first heat exchanger 8 through a port 6a of the third three-way valve a and a port 6c of the third three-way valve c; in the first heat exchanger 8, the working medium is heated by an external heat source, and the temperature of the working medium rises and enters the V three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b, thereby completing the heating cycle of the power battery by using the external heat source once.
The following provides 4 specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that: the production standard in the implementation is implemented in conformity with existing production standards. The implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
See fig. 3. A cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery adopts a structure which shares a set of vapor compression refrigeration system with an air conditioner refrigeration system of an electric automobile. The adopted working medium is a refrigerant in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in the use temperature range. For convenience of distinction, the refrigerant of the vapor compression refrigeration system is referred to as a first refrigerant, and the working medium that cools the battery is referred to as a second refrigerant.
The cooling and heating system comprises a working medium pump 1, a third three-way valve 2, a second three-way valve 3, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a fourth three-way valve 9, a fifth three-way valve 10, a sixth three-way valve 11, a liquid storage 12, a compressor 13, a four-way valve 14, a third heat exchanger 15, a throttling mechanism 16, a fourth heat exchanger 17, a first electromagnetic valve 18, a second electromagnetic valve 19, a VII three-way valve 20 and a VIII three-way valve 21.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the electric vehicle power battery of example 1 is as follows:
And connecting the outlet of the working medium pump 1 with an alpha port 2a of the I three-way valve. The port 2b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 3a of the third three-way valve a, and the port 2c of the third three-way valve c is connected with the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c. The port 3b of the second three-way valve b is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is connected with the port 11c of the third three-way valve c. The other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected with one end of the auxiliary electric heater 5, and the other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 is connected with a port 6a of the third three-way valve a. The third three-way valve b port 6b is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the third three-way valve a port 10 a. The port 6c of the third three-way valve c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger 8, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected with the port 9a of the fourth three-way valve a. The fourth three-way valve b port 9b is connected to the fifth three-way valve c port 10 c. The port 10b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 11a of the third three-way valve a, the port 11b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage 12, and the outlet of the liquid storage 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1.
Further, one end of the first heat exchanger 8 on the first refrigerant side is connected to one end of the first electromagnetic valve 18, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 on the first refrigerant side is connected to one end of the second electromagnetic valve 19; connecting the other end of the first electromagnetic valve 18 with a port 20b of a VII three-way valve b, connecting a port 20a of the VII three-way valve a with one end of the fourth heat exchanger 17, and connecting a port 20c of the VII three-way valve c with one end of the throttle mechanism 16; the other end of the throttle mechanism 16 is connected with one end of the third heat exchanger 15, and the other end of the third heat exchanger 15 is connected with a port 14d of the four-way valve 14 d; the other end of the fourth heat exchanger 17 is connected with a port 21b of a VIII three-way valve b, and a port 21c of a VIII three-way valve c is connected with the other end of the second electromagnetic valve 19; connecting the eighth three-way valve a port 21a with the four-way valve b port 14 b; the port 14a of the four-way valve a is connected to the intake port of the compressor 13, and the port 14c of the four-way valve c is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 13.
The cooling and heating system (using a refrigerant in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in the use temperature range) of the electric vehicle power battery of example 1 operates as follows (see fig. 3):
in summer, the cooling of the power battery needs to be performed by utilizing the refrigeration operation of the vapor compression refrigeration system, and the working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the second refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the second refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the II three-way valve 3 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 3c of the third three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the third three-way valve a and the port 3b of the third three-way valve b and absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, so that the power battery keeps a proper temperature; at this time, the second refrigerant liquid is heated and evaporated into vapor, and then enters the third three-way valve 6 through the auxiliary electric heater 5; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6c are turned on, the third three-way valve b port 6b is turned off, and the second refrigerant vapor enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6 c. At this time, the air conditioning vapor compression refrigeration system of the electric automobile is in a refrigeration state, the high-temperature and high-pressure first refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 enters the third heat exchanger 15, the first refrigerant vapor is condensed into first refrigerant liquid by ambient air in the third heat exchanger 15, then enters the throttling mechanism 16 to be cooled and depressurized, a low-temperature first refrigerant (vapor-liquid) two-phase state is formed, and at this time, the first electromagnetic valve 18 and the second electromagnetic valve 19 are both opened; thus, the low-temperature first refrigerant is split into two paths: one path enters the fourth heat exchanger 17 to cool the air in the electric automobile, the other path enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the first electromagnetic valve 18, the second refrigerant vapor in the first heat exchanger 8 is condensed into second refrigerant liquid, the first refrigerant liquid absorbs heat to become first refrigerant vapor, the first refrigerant vapor meets the other part of the first refrigerant vapor from the fourth heat exchanger 17 through the second electromagnetic valve 19, and the first refrigerant vapor returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14 to complete a refrigeration cycle. At this time, the vapor compression refrigeration system completes both air conditioning refrigeration of the electric vehicle and condensation of the second refrigerant.
The second refrigerant liquid enters the IV three-way valve 9 after being condensed by the first refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 8, at the moment, the port 9a of the IV three-way valve a and the port 9b of the IV three-way valve b are conducted, the port 9c of the IV three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the V three-way valve 10 through the port 9a of the IV three-way valve a and the port 9b of the IV three-way valve b; at this time, the port 10c of the third v three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 10c of the third v three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b; at this time, the port 11a of the vi three-way valve a and the port 11b of the vi three-way valve b are conducted, the port 11c of the vi three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 11a of the vi three-way valve a and the port 11b of the vi three-way valve b, thereby completing the cooling cycle of the power battery by using the external cold source once.
In spring and autumn, the cooling of the power battery can be performed without the cooling capacity of a vapor compression type refrigerating system and by utilizing the air in the environment. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the second refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the second refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the II three-way valve through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b are conducted, the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is not conducted, the second refrigerant liquid enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 and cools the power battery, and then evaporates into second refrigerant steam, and then enters the third three-way valve 6 through the auxiliary electric heater 5; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve b port 6b are turned on, the third three-way valve c port 6c is not turned on, the second refrigerant vapor enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve b port 6b, in the second heat exchanger 7, the second refrigerant vapor is condensed into the second refrigerant liquid by the air in the environment, and then enters the third three-way valve v 10; at this time, the third v three-way valve a port 10a and the third v three-way valve b port 10b are conducted, the third v three-way valve c port 10c is not conducted, the second refrigerant liquid enters the fifth vi three-way valve 11 through the third v three-way valve a port 10a and the third v three-way valve b port 10b, at this time, the fifth vi three-way valve a port 11a and the fifth vi three-way valve b port 11b are conducted, the fifth vi three-way valve c port 11c is not conducted, the second refrigerant liquid returns to the accumulator 12 through the fifth vi three-way valve a port 11a and the fifth vi three-way valve b port 11b, and the natural cooling cycle of the power battery by using the ambient air at one time is completed.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by the heat pump of the vapor compression refrigeration system, and the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started for further heating if necessary. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the first refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the first refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c are conducted, the port 2b of the I three-way valve b is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the IV three-way valve 9 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c; at this time, the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a are conducted, the port 9b of the third IV three-way valve b is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a. At this time, the air conditioning vapor compression refrigeration system of the electric vehicle is in a heat pump heating state, and both the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve 19 are in an open state, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure first refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 is split into two paths: one path of the air enters a fourth heat exchanger 17 to heat the air in the electric automobile, so that the heat pump heating of the electric automobile is realized, and the air is condensed into first refrigerant liquid; the other path enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the second electromagnetic valve 19, the second refrigerant liquid entering the first heat exchanger 8 is heated and evaporated into second refrigerant vapor, the first refrigerant vapor is condensed into first refrigerant liquid and enters the throttling mechanism 16 to be depressurized and cooled through the first electromagnetic valve 18 and the second refrigerant liquid of the other part, a low-temperature first refrigerant two-phase state is formed and enters the third heat exchanger 15; in the third heat exchanger 15, the heat of the ambient air is absorbed by the two-phase first refrigerant to be evaporated into the first refrigerant vapor, and the first refrigerant vapor is returned to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, so that the cycle of heat pump heating of the primary vapor compression refrigeration system is completed, and the heat pump heating of the electric automobile is completed, and the heating and evaporation of the second refrigerant are also realized.
The second refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the first refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 8 and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a are conducted, the third three-way valve b port 6b is not conducted, the second refrigerant vapor enters the auxiliary electric heater 5 through the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a, the auxiliary electric heater 5 is started to further heat the second refrigerant vapor when necessary, then the second refrigerant vapor enters the battery heat exchanger 4, the power battery is heated by heat release in the battery heat exchanger 4, the power battery is kept at a higher temperature, at this time, the second refrigerant vapor is condensed into liquid, and then the liquid enters the second three-way valve 3; at this time, the port 3b of the second three-way valve b and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c are conducted, the port 3a of the second three-way valve a is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 3b of the second three-way valve b and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c; at this time, the vi three-way valve c port 11c and the vi three-way valve b port 11b are turned on, the vi three-way valve a port 11a is not turned on, and the second refrigerant liquid returns to the accumulator 12 through the vi three-way valve c port 11c and the vi three-way valve b port 11 b. And the heating cycle of the heat pump of the vapor compression type refrigerating system for the electric automobile air conditioner refrigerating system to the power battery is completed once.
Example 2
See fig. 4. The cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile adopts the structure of an independent vapor compression type refrigerating system; the device comprises a working medium pump 1, a first three-way valve 2, a second three-way valve 3, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a fourth three-way valve 9, a fifth three-way valve 10, a sixth three-way valve 11, a liquid reservoir 12, a compressor 13, a four-way valve 14, a third heat exchanger 15 and a throttling mechanism 16; and shares the first heat exchanger 8. The adopted working medium is a refrigerant in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in the use temperature range. For convenience of distinction, the refrigerant of the vapor compression refrigeration system is referred to as a first refrigerant, and the working medium that cools the battery is referred to as a second refrigerant.
In practice, the same or similar components as those of embodiment 3 can be used with reference to embodiment 3.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the electric vehicle power battery of example 2 is as follows:
and connecting the outlet of the working medium pump 1 with an alpha port 2a of the I three-way valve. The port 2b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 3a of the third three-way valve a, and the port 2c of the third three-way valve c is connected with the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c. The port 3b of the second three-way valve b is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is connected with the port 11c of the third three-way valve c. The other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected with one end of the auxiliary electric heater 5, and the other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 is connected with a port 6a of the third three-way valve a. The third three-way valve b port 6b is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the third three-way valve a port 10 a. The port 6c of the third three-way valve c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger 8, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected with the port 9a of the fourth three-way valve a. The fourth three-way valve b port 9b is connected to the fifth three-way valve c port 10 c. The port 10b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the port 11a of the third three-way valve a, the port 11b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage 12, and the outlet of the liquid storage 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1.
One end of the first refrigerant side of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to one end of the throttle mechanism 16, and the other end of the first refrigerant side of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to the port 14b of the four-way valve b; connecting the other end of the throttling mechanism 16 with one end of a third heat exchanger 15, and connecting the other end of the third heat exchanger 15 with a d port 14d of a four-way valve; connecting the port 14a of the four-way valve a with an air suction port of the compressor 13; the port 14c of the four-way valve c is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 13.
The cooling and heating system of the power cell of example 2 operates as follows (see fig. 4):
in summer, the cooling of the power battery needs to be performed by using the refrigeration operation of the vapor compression refrigeration system. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the second refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the second refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the II three-way valve 3 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b are conducted, the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is not conducted, the second refrigerant liquid enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 and cools the power battery, and then evaporates into second refrigerant steam, and then flows through the auxiliary electric heater 5 to enter the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6c are communicated, the third three-way valve b port (6 b) is not communicated, the second refrigerant steam enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6c, the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is in a refrigeration state, the high-temperature and high-pressure first refrigerant steam discharged from the compressor 13 enters the third heat exchanger 15, is condensed into first refrigerant liquid by ambient air, and then enters the throttling mechanism 16 to be cooled and depressurized, so that a low-temperature first refrigerant two-phase state is formed and enters the first heat exchanger 8; in the first heat exchanger 8, the second refrigerant vapor is condensed into a second refrigerant liquid, the first refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into the first refrigerant vapor, and the first refrigerant vapor is returned to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, thereby completing one refrigeration cycle and also realizing the condensation of the second refrigerant.
The second refrigerant is condensed into liquid by the first refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 8 and enters the IV three-way valve 9, at the moment, the port 9a of the IV three-way valve a and the port 9b of the IV three-way valve b are conducted, the port 9c of the IV three-way valve c is not conducted, and the liquid of the second refrigerant enters the V three-way valve 10 through the port 9a of the IV three-way valve a and the port 9b of the IV three-way valve b; at this time, the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c and the port 9b of the fourth three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the fifth three-way valve a is not conducted, the second refrigerant liquid enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 9c of the fourth three-way valve c and the port 9b of the fourth three-way valve b, at this time, the port 11a of the VI three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI three-way valve b are conducted, the port 11c of the VI three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 11a of the VI three-way valve a and the port 11b of the VI three-way valve b, so that the cooling cycle of the power battery by using the external cold source once is completed.
In spring and autumn, the cooling of the power battery can be performed without the cooling capacity of a vapor compression type refrigerating system and by utilizing the air in the environment. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the second refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the second refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b are conducted, the port 2c of the I three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the II three-way valve 3 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2b of the I three-way valve b; at this time, the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b are conducted, the port 3c of the second three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the port 3a of the second three-way valve a and the port 3b of the second three-way valve b; the second refrigerant liquid absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4, cools the power battery, evaporates into second refrigerant steam, and then enters the third three-way valve 6 through the auxiliary electric heater 5; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve b port 6b are conducted, the third three-way valve c port 6c is not conducted, the second refrigerant vapor enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve b port 6b, is condensed into the second refrigerant liquid by the air in the environment, and then enters the third three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10a of the fifth three-way valve a and the port 10b of the fifth three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10c of the fifth three-way valve c is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 10a of the fifth three-way valve a and the port 10b of the fifth three-way valve b; at this time, the vi three-way valve a port 11a and the vi three-way valve b port 11b are turned on, the vi three-way valve c port 11c is not turned on, and the second refrigerant liquid returns to the accumulator 12 through the vi three-way valve a port 11a and the vi three-way valve b port 11 b. And the natural cooling circulation of the power battery by utilizing the ambient air once is completed.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by a heat pump of an independent vapor compression refrigeration system, and the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started for further heating if necessary. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 sucks the first refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage 12 and pumps the first refrigerant liquid into the I three-way valve 2, at the moment, the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c are conducted, the port 2b of the I three-way valve b is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the IV three-way valve 9 through the port 2a of the I three-way valve a and the port 2c of the I three-way valve c; at this time, the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a are conducted, the port 9b of the third IV three-way valve b is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 9c of the third IV three-way valve c and the port 9a of the third IV three-way valve a. At this time, the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is in a heat pump heating state, the high-temperature and high-pressure first refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 enters the first heat exchanger 8, the second refrigerant liquid entering the first heat exchanger 8 is heated and evaporated into second refrigerant vapor, the first refrigerant vapor is condensed into first refrigerant liquid, and the first refrigerant liquid enters the throttling mechanism 16 to be cooled and depressurized, so that a low-temperature first refrigerant (vapor-liquid) two-phase state is formed; then, the first refrigerant enters the third heat exchanger 15 in a two-phase state, absorbs heat in the ambient air, evaporates into first refrigerant steam, returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, completes a heat pump heating cycle, and also achieves heating evaporation of the second refrigerant.
The second refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the first refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 8 and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a are conducted, the third three-way valve b port 6b is not conducted, the second refrigerant vapor enters the auxiliary electric heater 5 through the third three-way valve c port 6c and the third three-way valve a port 6a, the auxiliary electric heater 5 is started to further heat the second refrigerant vapor when necessary, then the second refrigerant vapor enters the battery heat exchanger 4, the power battery is heated by heat release in the battery heat exchanger 4, the power battery is kept at a higher temperature, at this time, the second refrigerant vapor is condensed into liquid, and then the liquid enters the second three-way valve 3; at this time, the port 3b of the second three-way valve b and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c are conducted, the port 3a of the second three-way valve a is not conducted, and the second refrigerant liquid enters the VI three-way valve 11 through the port 3b of the second three-way valve b and the port 3c of the second three-way valve c; at this time, the vi three-way valve c port 11c and the vi three-way valve b port 11b are turned on, the vi three-way valve a port 11a is not turned on, and the second refrigerant liquid returns to the accumulator 12 through the vi three-way valve c port 11c and the vi three-way valve b port 11 b. The heating cycle of the heat pump to the power battery by the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is completed once.
Example 3
See fig. 5. A cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery adopts a structure which shares a set of vapor compression refrigeration system with an air conditioner refrigeration system of an electric automobile. The adopted working medium is a working medium which is always in a liquid state in the use temperature range. In order to distinguish, the refrigerant of the vapor compression type refrigerating system for the air conditioner of the electric automobile is called as refrigerant; the working medium of the cooling and heating system of the power battery is called as working medium.
The cooling and heating system comprises a working medium pump 1, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a third three-way valve 10, a liquid storage 12, a compressor 13, a four-way valve 14, a third heat exchanger 15, a throttling mechanism 16, a fourth heat exchanger 17, a first electromagnetic valve 18, a second electromagnetic valve 19, a VII three-way valve 20 and a VIII three-way valve 21.
In practice, the same or similar components as those of embodiment 1 can be used with reference to embodiment 1.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the electric vehicle power battery of example 3 is as follows (see fig. 5):
and the outlet of the working medium pump 1 is connected with one end of an auxiliary electric heater 5. The other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and the other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected with a port 6a of a third three-way valve a. The third three-way valve b port 6b is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the third three-way valve a port 10 a. The third three-way valve c port 6c is connected to one end of the first heat exchanger 8, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to the third three-way valve c port 10 c. The port 10b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage 12, and the outlet of the liquid storage 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1.
One end of the first heat exchanger 8 on the first refrigerant side is connected to one end of the first electromagnetic valve 18, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 on the first refrigerant side is connected to one end of the second electromagnetic valve 19; connecting the other end of the first electromagnetic valve 18 with a port 20b of a VII three-way valve b, connecting a port 20a of the VII three-way valve a with one end of the fourth heat exchanger 17, and connecting a port 20c of the VII three-way valve c with one end of the throttle mechanism 16; the other end of the throttling mechanism 16 is connected with one end of the third heat exchanger 15, and the other end of the third heat exchanger 15 is connected with a d port 14d of the four-way valve; the other end of the fourth heat exchanger 17 is connected with a port 21b of a VIII three-way valve b, a port 20c of the VIII three-way valve c is connected with the other end of the second electromagnetic valve 19, and a port 20a of the VIII three-way valve a is connected with a port 14b of the four-way valve b; the port 14a of the four-way valve a is connected to the intake port of the compressor 13, and the port 14c of the four-way valve c is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 13.
The cooling and heating system of the power cell of example 3 operates as follows (see fig. 5):
in summer, the cooling of the power battery needs to be performed by using the refrigeration operation of the vapor compression refrigeration system. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage 12 and enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 and cools the power battery, so that the power battery keeps proper temperature, and the working medium is heated and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6c are conducted, the third three-way valve b port 6b is not conducted, and the heated working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6 c. At this time, the air-conditioning vapor compression refrigeration system of the electric automobile is in a refrigeration state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 enters the third heat exchanger 15, the refrigerant vapor is condensed into refrigerant liquid by ambient air in the third heat exchanger 15, and then enters the throttling mechanism 16 to be cooled and depressurized, so that a low-temperature refrigerant (vapor-liquid) two-phase state is formed, and at this time, the first electromagnetic valve 18 and the second electromagnetic valve 19 are both opened; thus, the low temperature refrigerant is split into two paths: one path of the refrigerant enters the fourth heat exchanger 17 to cool the air in the electric automobile, the other path of the refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the first electromagnetic valve 18 to cool the working medium in the first heat exchanger 8, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into refrigerant steam, the refrigerant steam meets with the other part of refrigerant steam from the fourth heat exchanger 17 through the second electromagnetic valve 19, and the refrigerant steam returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14 to complete a refrigeration cycle. At this time, the vapor compression refrigeration system not only completes the air conditioning refrigeration of the electric automobile, but also completes the condensation of working media. The working medium enters the third three-way valve 10, at the moment, the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid storage device 12 through the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b, so that the cooling cycle of the power battery by using an external cold source once is completed.
In spring and autumn, the cooling of the power battery can be performed without the cooling capacity of a vapor compression type refrigerating system and by utilizing the air in the environment. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage device 12, enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, and at the moment, the temperature of the working medium rises and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 6c of the third three-way valve c is not conducted, and the working medium enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b; the working medium in the second heat exchanger 7 is cooled by the air in the environment and then enters the third three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10c of the third v three-way valve c is not conducted, and the cooled working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b, thereby completing the natural cooling cycle of the power battery by using the ambient air once.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by the heat pump of the vapor compression refrigeration system, and the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started for further heating if necessary. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage device 12 and passes through the auxiliary electric heater 5, and at the moment, the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started to further heat the working medium if necessary, so that the temperature of the working medium is further increased, and then the working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 to heat the power battery, so that the power battery is ensured to have proper temperature. At this time, the temperature of the working medium is lowered; the working medium after temperature reduction enters the third three-way valve 6, at the moment, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c are conducted, the port 6b of the third three-way valve b is not conducted, and the working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c. At this time, the air conditioning vapor compression refrigeration system of the electric vehicle is in a heat pump heating state, and both the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve 19 are in an open state, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 is split into two paths: one path of the air enters the fourth heat exchanger 17 to heat the air in the electric automobile, so that the heat pump heating of the electric automobile is realized, and the air is condensed into refrigerant liquid; the other path enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the second electromagnetic valve 19, the working medium entering the first heat exchanger 8 is heated and warmed, the refrigerant steam is condensed into refrigerant liquid, and the refrigerant liquid and the other part of refrigerant liquid meet through the first electromagnetic valve 18 and enter the throttling mechanism 16 to be depressurized and cooled, so that a low-temperature refrigerant two-phase state is formed and enters the third heat exchanger 15; in the third heat exchanger 15, the two-phase refrigerant absorbs heat in the ambient air and evaporates into refrigerant steam, and then returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, so that the cycle of heat pump heating of the primary vapor compression refrigeration system is completed, the heat pump heating of the electric automobile is completed, and the heating and temperature rising of working media are realized. The heated working medium enters a fifth three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b, thereby completing the heating cycle of the power battery by using the external heat source once.
Example 4
See fig. 6. A cooling and heating system of an electric automobile power battery adopts the structure of an independent vapor compression type refrigerating system. The adopted working medium is a working medium which is always in a liquid state in the use temperature range. For convenience of distinction, the refrigerant of the vapor compression refrigeration system is referred to as a refrigerant, and the working medium for cooling the power battery is referred to as a working medium.
The cooling and heating system comprises a working medium pump 1, a battery heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary electric heater 5, a third three-way valve 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a third three-way valve 10, a liquid reservoir 12, a compressor 13, a four-way valve 14, a third heat exchanger 15 and a throttling mechanism 16; and shares the first heat exchanger 8.
In practice, the same or similar components as those of embodiment 1 can be used with reference to embodiment 1.
The specific assembly of the cooling and heating system of the electric vehicle power battery of example 4 is as follows (see fig. 6):
and the outlet of the working medium pump 1 is connected with one end of an auxiliary electric heater 5. The other end of the auxiliary electric heater 5 is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger 4, and the other end of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected with a port 6a of a third three-way valve a. The third three-way valve b port 6b is connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the third three-way valve a port 10 a. The third three-way valve c port 6c is connected to one end of the first heat exchanger 8, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to the third three-way valve c port 10 c. The port 10b of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage 12, and the outlet of the liquid storage 12 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 1.
Further, one end of the first refrigerant side of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to one end of the throttle mechanism 16, and the other end of the first refrigerant side of the first heat exchanger 8 is connected to the four-way valve b port 14 b; the other end of the throttling mechanism 16 is connected with one end of the third heat exchanger 15, and the other end of the third heat exchanger 15 is connected with a d port 14d of the four-way valve; the port 14a of the four-way valve a is connected to the intake port of the compressor 13, and the port 14c of the four-way valve c is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 13.
The cooling and heating system of the power cell of example 4 operates as follows (see fig. 6):
in summer, the cooling of the power battery needs to be performed by using the refrigeration operation of the vapor compression refrigeration system. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage 12 and enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 and cools the power battery, so that the power battery keeps proper temperature, and the working medium is heated and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6c are conducted, the third three-way valve b port 6b is not conducted, and the heated working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the third three-way valve a port 6a and the third three-way valve c port 6 c. At this time, the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is in a refrigeration state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 enters the third heat exchanger 15, the refrigerant vapor is condensed into refrigerant liquid by ambient air in the third heat exchanger 15, then enters the throttling mechanism 16 for cooling and depressurization, a low-temperature refrigerant (vapor-liquid) two-phase state is formed, and enters the first heat exchanger 8, the working medium in the refrigerant is cooled, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, so that one refrigeration cycle is completed. At this time, the vapor compression refrigeration system not only completes the air conditioning refrigeration of the electric automobile, but also completes the condensation of working media. The condensed working medium enters the V three-way valve 10, at the moment, the port 10c of the V three-way valve c and the port 10b of the V three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the V three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid storage device 12 through the port 10c of the V three-way valve c and the port 10b of the V three-way valve b, so that the cooling cycle of the power battery by using an external cold source is completed once.
In spring and autumn, the cooling of the power battery can be performed without the cooling capacity of a vapor compression type refrigerating system and by utilizing the air in the environment. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage device 12, enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the auxiliary electric heater 5, absorbs heat in the battery heat exchanger 4 to cool the power battery, and at the moment, the temperature of the working medium rises and then enters the third three-way valve 6; at this time, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 6c of the third three-way valve c is not conducted, and the working medium enters the second heat exchanger 7 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6b of the third three-way valve b; the working medium in the second heat exchanger 7 is cooled by the air in the environment and then enters the third three-way valve 10; at this time, the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10c of the third v three-way valve c is not conducted, and the cooled working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10a of the third v three-way valve a and the port 10b of the third v three-way valve b, thereby completing the natural cooling cycle of the power battery by using the ambient air once.
In winter, the power battery needs to be heated by the heat pump of the vapor compression refrigeration system, and the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started for further heating if necessary. The working process is as follows: the working medium pump 1 absorbs working medium from the liquid storage device 12 and passes through the auxiliary electric heater 5, and at the moment, the auxiliary electric heater 5 can be started to further heat the working medium if necessary, so that the temperature of the working medium is further increased, and then the working medium enters the battery heat exchanger 4 to heat the power battery, so that the power battery is ensured to have proper temperature. At this time, the temperature of the working medium is lowered; the working medium after temperature reduction enters the third three-way valve 6, at the moment, the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c are conducted, the port 6b of the third three-way valve b is not conducted, and the working medium enters the first heat exchanger 8 through the port 6a of the third three-way valve a and the port 6c of the third three-way valve c. At this time, the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is in a heat pump heating state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 13 enters the first heat exchanger 8 to heat and raise the temperature of the working medium entering the first heat exchanger 8, and the refrigerant vapor is condensed into refrigerant liquid and then enters the throttling mechanism 16 to continuously reduce the pressure and the temperature to form a low-temperature refrigerant two-phase state; the refrigerant in a two-phase state enters the third heat exchanger 15, absorbs heat in ambient air and evaporates into refrigerant steam, and then returns to the compressor 13 through the four-way valve 14, so that the cycle of heat pump heating of the primary vapor compression refrigeration system is completed, and the heating and temperature rise of working media are realized. The heated working medium enters the fifth three-way valve 10, at this time, the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b are conducted, the port 10a of the third three-way valve a is not conducted, and the working medium returns to the liquid reservoir 12 through the port 10c of the third three-way valve c and the port 10b of the third three-way valve b. The heating cycle of the heat pump to the power battery by the independent vapor compression refrigeration system is completed once.

Claims (10)

1. The cooling and heating system of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises a working medium pump (1), a third three-way valve (2), a second three-way valve (3), a battery heat exchanger (4), an auxiliary electric heater (5), a third three-way valve (6), a second heat exchanger (7), a first heat exchanger (8), a fourth three-way valve (9), a fifth three-way valve (10), a sixth three-way valve (11) and a liquid reservoir (12), and is characterized in that an outlet of the working medium pump (1) is connected with an a port (2 a) of the third three-way valve, a port (2 b) of the third three-way valve is connected with a port (3 a) of the second three-way valve, and a port (2 c) of the third three-way valve is connected with a port (9 c) of the fourth three-way valve; the port (3 b) of the third three-way valve b is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger (4), and the port (3 c) of the third three-way valve c is connected with the port (11 c) of the third three-way valve VI; the other end of the battery heat exchanger (4) is connected with one end of an auxiliary electric heater (5), and the other end of the auxiliary electric heater (5) is connected with a port (6 a) of a third three-way valve a; the port (6 b) of the third three-way valve b is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger (7), and the other end of the second heat exchanger (7) is connected with the port (10 a) of the third three-way valve a; the port (6 c) of the third three-way valve c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger (8), the other end of the first heat exchanger (8) is connected with the port (9 a) of the fourth three-way valve a, the port (9 b) of the fourth three-way valve b is connected with the port (10 c) of the fifth three-way valve c, the port (10 b) of the fifth three-way valve b is connected with the port (11 a) of the VI three-way valve a, the port (11 b) of the VI three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid reservoir (12), and the outlet of the liquid reservoir (12) is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump (1); wherein, the first heat exchanger (8) is used for heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger (7) is used for heat exchange with ambient air.
2. The cooling and heating system of the electric automobile power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the working medium adopted by the working medium pump (1) is a working medium in a vapor-liquid two-phase state in a use temperature range.
3. The cooling and heating system for an electric vehicle power cell of claim 1, wherein said plurality of three-way valves are capable of achieving the function of said three-way valve regulating fluid passage by organic combination with other valves.
4. The cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power cell of claim 1, wherein the external heat sink is either the heat sink provided by a vapor compression refrigeration system, the heat sink provided by a thermoelectric refrigeration device, or the heat sink provided by another heat sink.
5. The cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power cell of claim 1, wherein the external heat source is either heat provided by a vapor compression heat pump, heat provided by a thermoelectric device, or heat provided by another heat source.
6. The cooling and heating system of the electric automobile power battery comprises a working medium pump (1), a battery heat exchanger (4), an auxiliary electric heater (5), a third three-way valve (6), a second heat exchanger (7), a first heat exchanger (8), a third three-way valve (10) and a liquid storage device (12), and is characterized in that an outlet of the working medium pump (1) is connected with one end of the auxiliary electric heater (5), the other end of the auxiliary electric heater (5) is connected with one end of the battery heat exchanger (4), and the other end of the battery heat exchanger (4) is connected with an a port (6 a) of the third three-way valve; the port (6 b) of the third three-way valve b is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger (7), and the other end of the second heat exchanger (7) is connected with the port (10 a) of the third three-way valve a; the port (6 c) of the third three-way valve c is connected with one end of the first heat exchanger (8), the other end of the first heat exchanger (8) is connected with the port (10 c) of the third three-way valve c, the port (10 b) of the third three-way valve b is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device (12), and the outlet of the liquid storage device (12) is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump (1); wherein, the first heat exchanger (8) is used for heat exchange with an external cold source or an external heat source, and the second heat exchanger (7) is used for heat exchange with ambient air.
7. The cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power battery according to claim 6, characterized in that the working substance adopted by the working substance pump (1) is a working substance in a liquid state in a use temperature range.
8. The cooling and heating system of an electric vehicle power cell according to claim 6, characterized in that the reservoir (12) is an expansion tank for charging, replenishing and exhausting.
9. The cooling and heating system for an electric vehicle power cell of claim 6, wherein said plurality of three-way valves are capable of performing the function of said three-way valve regulating fluid passage by organic combination with other valves.
10. The cooling and heating system of the electric vehicle power battery according to claim 6, wherein the external cold source is either the cold energy provided by the vapor compression refrigeration system, the cold energy provided by the thermoelectric refrigeration device, or the cold energy provided by other cold sources; the external heat source is heat provided by a vapor compression heat pump, heat provided by thermoelectric equipment or heat provided by other heat sources.
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