CN108422829B - New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium - Google Patents
New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108422829B CN108422829B CN201810227424.XA CN201810227424A CN108422829B CN 108422829 B CN108422829 B CN 108422829B CN 201810227424 A CN201810227424 A CN 201810227424A CN 108422829 B CN108422829 B CN 108422829B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- heat
- water valve
- way water
- enters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a new energy bus comprehensive heat management system suitable for combustible working media, which comprises an air conditioning unit module and a heat management module, wherein the air conditioning unit module comprises two cycles of refrigeration and heating; the working medium of the air conditioning unit module is a first working medium, and a combustible refrigerant is adopted; the heat management module adopts a second working medium, namely a non-flammable, antifreezing and rust-proof secondary refrigerant; the environment working medium provides a cold source and a heat source for the air conditioning unit module, and the air conditioning unit module provides a cold source and a heat source for the thermal management module; the invention provides a comprehensive thermal management system of a new energy bus, which not only can fully integrate and reasonably utilize the energy of the waste heat of an air conditioner, a power battery and a motor or other waste heat of the new energy bus, but also can use an environment-friendly refrigerant, can eliminate the potential danger of burning or explosion of the refrigerant, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the whole new energy bus, and is convenient for manufacturing enterprises to produce and apply to the new energy bus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy passenger car air conditioning systems, in particular to a new energy passenger car comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working media, which comprises a battery thermal management system, an electric control thermal management system and a motor waste heat utilization system of the new energy passenger car air conditioning system.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy automobiles, problems such as: the method has the advantages that the energy consumption of main accessories of the whole vehicle is too high, the endurance mileage is affected, and the satisfaction degree of passengers is affected. The battery, motor, passenger cabin, automatically controlled etc. parts in whole car all need thermal management, but thermal management between each system (part) is independently gone on, can not carry out reasonable distribution to whole car's energy, and energy utilization efficiency is not high, exists the energy extravagant. As an important accessory for the whole vehicle, the vehicle air conditioner has long been using refrigerants such as R407C, R a, which have no damage to the atmospheric ozone layer, but have a higher greenhouse effect value (GWP), and belong to the object of reducing use in the future listed in the basic calix amendment of the international montreal protocol. Therefore, the problem existing in the new energy automobile is solved, so that the new energy automobile can be steadily and rapidly developed, and the problem which is urgently needed to be solved in the field of the current novel automobile manufacturing is solved.
The air conditioner of the passenger car is an important energy consumption component of the new energy automobile, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner of the passenger car accounts for more than 20% of the total energy consumption of the whole automobile; especially in winter. In winter, when the ambient temperature is below-3 ℃, the new energy automobile can only heat the passenger cabin by using PTC heating, and the energy consumption is greatly increased at the moment. So in north, new forms of energy passenger train have the installation fuel heater: when the environment temperature is too low and the air conditioner cannot be started, the fuel oil heater can be used for heating the passenger cabin. However, the heating mode is not only contrary to the new energy concept, but also has low heater efficiency and environmental pollution, and brings inconvenience to drivers. Therefore, how to solve the heating of the new energy bus air conditioner in winter is an important problem.
The battery is a power source of the new energy bus, so the battery performance is one of the important indicators of the quality of the new energy bus. Due to the material, the power battery of the new energy bus can exert the best working performance in a proper temperature range, the temperature is too high, the side reaction of the power battery can be increased, the service life of the battery is influenced, and the safety of the battery has hidden trouble; the temperature is too low, the activity of the power battery can be reduced, so that the electric quantity of the battery cannot be fully charged, and the cruising ability of the new energy bus can be seriously influenced. At present, the cooling mode of the power battery of the new energy bus mostly adopts air cooling, independent air conditioning cooling, passenger cabin air conditioning cooling and the like, wherein the air cooling is gradually eliminated because of poor cooling effect. Although the independent air conditioner has better cooling effect, the cost of independently providing one air conditioner for the power battery is too high, and an additional air conditioner installation space is also needed, so the technical scheme is less used at present. In comparison, passenger compartment air conditioning cooling is currently the best solution, which is low cost and does not require additional installation space; however, if the power battery and the passenger cabin share one air conditioner, the technology has some difficulties at present, and although few domestic enterprises have promoted the products, the products are hardly mature.
In new energy passenger cars, the motor is a mechanism with an independent heat dissipation system. The operating temperature of the motor is typically controlled within a certain operating temperature range. Therefore, the heat generated during the operation of the motor of the new energy bus is generally directly transferred to the outdoor air through a heat dissipation system, and almost no heat is recycled, so that a certain energy waste is caused.
In the aspect of the refrigerant used for the air conditioner of the new energy bus, the refrigerant which does not destroy the ozone layer and has low global warming effect value is adopted at present, or has combustibility or has high system pressure, such as R290, R1270, R600a, R32 and the mixture thereof. The traditional passenger car air conditioner directly cools or heats the air in the car by adopting the refrigerant so as to realize the purpose of cooling or heating the passenger car. If the refrigerant is flammable, once leakage occurs, the refrigerant can directly enter the passenger car, and the safety of passengers can be endangered. If a refrigerant of very high pressure is used, e.g. CO 2 Etc., can be susceptible to explosion upon leakage or collision, and can seriously jeopardize passenger life and passenger property.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a new energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working media, which not only can fully integrate and reasonably utilize the energy of the air conditioner, the power battery, the motor waste heat or other waste heat of the new energy bus, but also can use environment-friendly refrigerant, eliminate the harm of combustion or explosion of the refrigerant and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the whole new energy bus; and is convenient for enterprises to produce and apply to new energy passenger cars.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The comprehensive heat management system of the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium is characterized by comprising an air conditioning unit module and a heat management module, wherein the working medium of the air conditioning unit module is a first working medium, the working medium of the heat management module is a second working medium, the environment working medium provides a cold source and a heat source for the air conditioning unit module, and the air conditioning unit module provides the cold source and the heat source for the heat management module;
the air conditioning unit module contains compressor, cross valve, I heat exchanger, throttle mechanism and II heat exchanger, I heat exchanger is used for first working medium and environment working medium to exchange heat, II heat exchanger is used for first working medium and second working medium to exchange heat, the air conditioning unit module contains two circulations of refrigeration and heating: in the refrigeration cycle, high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged by a compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a four-way valve, a first working medium in the first heat exchanger is cooled into liquid through an environment working medium and enters a throttling mechanism, the first working medium throttles, cools and reduces pressure to form gas-liquid two-phase steam, and the gas-liquid two-phase steam enters a second heat exchanger to evaporate and absorb heat of a second working medium and returns to the compressor through the four-way valve to form a refrigeration cycle and cool the second working medium; in the heating cycle, high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged by the compressor enters the second heat exchanger through the four-way valve and exchanges heat with a second working medium in the second heat exchanger: the first working medium is cooled into a liquid working medium, the temperature of the second working medium is increased, then the first working medium enters a throttling mechanism to throttle, cool and reduce pressure to form gas-liquid two-phase steam, then enters a first heat exchanger to exchange heat with an environment working medium, the first working medium absorbs heat through evaporation, and returns to a compressor through a four-way valve to form a heating cycle;
the heat management module comprises a second heat exchanger, an expansion kettle, a first water pump, a first three-way water valve, a defroster, a first in-vehicle radiator, a second three-way water valve, a second expansion kettle, a second water pump, a heater, a battery box, a third three-way water valve, an electric control device and a fourth three-way water valve; when the air conditioning unit module performs refrigeration operation, the channel a and the channel b of the third three-way water valve and the channel a and the channel b of the fourth three-way water valve are opened, and the specific cycle is as follows: the second working medium in the expansion kettle enters a second heat exchanger through a first water pump and a passage a and a passage b of a first three-way water valve, in the second heat exchanger, the second working medium exchanges heat with the first working medium, the first working medium evaporates and absorbs heat of the second working medium to reduce the temperature of the second working medium, the cooled second working medium enters a defroster through the passage a and the passage b of a fourth three-way water valve, but does not exchange heat with the environment working medium, and then enters a first in-vehicle radiator and a second in-vehicle radiator to exchange heat with in-vehicle air to reduce the temperature of the in-vehicle working medium and increase the temperature of the second working medium; meanwhile, if the battery box and the electric control device need to be cooled, a channel b and a channel c of a third three-way water valve and a channel a and a channel b of a third three-way water valve are opened, a second working medium coming out of the radiator in the first vehicle and the radiator in the second vehicle enters a second expansion kettle through the channel b and the channel c of the third three-way water valve, then enters the battery box through a second water pump and a heater, the heater does not work, the second working medium exchanges heat with the battery box to reduce the temperature of the battery, then enters the electric control device through the channel a and the channel b of the third three-way water valve, the second working medium exchanges heat with the electric control device to reduce the temperature of the electric control device, the temperature of the second working medium continuously rises, and finally returns to the expansion kettle; if the battery box and the electric control device do not need to be cooled, the channels a and b of the third three-way water valve and the channels a and c of the third three-way water valve are opened, and the second working medium from the first in-vehicle radiator and the second in-vehicle radiator directly returns to the expansion kettle through the channels a and b of the third three-way water valve and the channels a and c of the third three-way water valve to form a cycle;
when the air conditioning unit module heats and runs, the channel a and the channel c of the third three-way water valve and the channel b and the channel c of the fourth three-way water valve are opened, and the specific cycle is as follows: the second working medium in the expansion kettle enters the second heat exchanger through the passage a and the passage c of the first three-way water valve of the first water pump, and the second working medium exchanges heat with the first working medium in the second heat exchanger: the second working medium absorbs the heat of the first working medium to cool the first working medium into liquid, the temperature of the second working medium is increased, the heated second working medium enters the defroster through the channels b and c of the IV three-way water valve and exchanges heat with the environment working medium, the heated environment working medium is used for defrosting and demisting the vehicle glass, the second working medium with the temperature reduced enters the I-th vehicle radiator and the II-th vehicle radiator to exchange heat with the air in the vehicle, so that the temperature in the vehicle is increased, and the temperature of the second working medium is continuously reduced; at the moment, if the battery box needs to be heated, a b channel and a c channel of a third three-way water valve are opened, and a second working medium coming out of the first in-vehicle radiator and the second in-vehicle radiator enters a third expansion kettle through the b channel and the c channel of the third three-way water valve and then enters a heater through a third water pump; if the temperature of the second working medium can not meet the requirement, the heater is started to work, if the temperature of the second working medium can meet the requirement, the heater is not started, the second working medium continuously enters the battery box and exchanges heat with the battery box to enable the temperature of the battery to rise, and then the second working medium directly returns to the expansion kettle through the a channel and the c channel of the third three-way water valve to form a cycle.
Further, the first working medium adopts combustible refrigerants (such as R290, R1270, R600a, R32 and R1234 yf) and mixtures thereof; and the second working medium adopts a secondary refrigerant which is nonflammable, antifreezing and rust-proof.
Further, the compressor adopts a vertical compressor or a horizontal compressor.
Further, the first heat exchanger adopts an air heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger adopts a liquid heat exchanger.
Further, the defroster, the first in-vehicle radiator and the second in-vehicle radiator are all air heat exchangers.
Further, the number of the first in-vehicle radiator and the second in-vehicle radiator can be set according to design or actual requirements (n=1, 2, 3, 4 … …), and are all installed in a cloth mode.
Further, the connecting pipeline between the radiator in the first vehicle and the radiator in the second vehicle is connected in parallel or in series.
Further, the expansion pot I and the expansion pot II adopt components with functions of liquid adding, liquid supplementing and air exhausting.
Further, the heater is a liquid heater.
Further, the air conditioning unit module is communicated with only the refrigerating medium in the carriage.
The comprehensive heat management system of the new energy bus suitable for the combustible working medium has the positive effects that:
the comprehensive heat management system for the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium can fully integrate and reasonably utilize the energy of the existing air conditioner, power battery, motor waste heat or other waste heat of the new energy passenger car, can use environment-friendly refrigerant, can eliminate the potential danger of burning or explosion of the refrigerant, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the whole new energy passenger car, and is convenient for manufacturing enterprises to produce and apply to the new energy passenger car.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the structure and wiring of a new energy bus integrated thermal management system suitable for combustible working media.
The reference numerals in the figures are respectively:
1. a compressor; 2. A four-way valve;
3. a first heat exchanger; 4. A throttle mechanism;
5. a second heat exchanger; 6. An expansion kettle I;
7. a first water pump; 8. I three-way water valve;
9. a defroster; 10. I in-vehicle radiator;
11. a second in-vehicle radiator; 12. II, a three-way water valve;
13. a second expansion pot; 14. A second water pump;
15. a heater; 16. A battery box;
17. III, a three-way water valve; 18. An electric control device;
19. and IV, a three-way water valve.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the integrated thermal management system for new energy passenger cars suitable for combustible working media according to the invention is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the production standard in the implementation can be implemented according to the existing product standard. It should be noted that: the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
See fig. 1. A new energy bus comprehensive heat management system suitable for combustible working media comprises an air conditioning unit module and a heat management module. The air conditioning unit module comprises a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a first heat exchanger 3, a throttling mechanism 4 and a second heat exchanger 5. The thermal management module comprises a second heat exchanger 5, a first expansion kettle 6, a first water pump 7, a first three-way water valve 8, a defroster 9, a first in-vehicle radiator 10, a second in-vehicle radiator 11, a second three-way water valve 12, a second expansion kettle 13, a second water pump 14, a heater 15, a battery box 16, a third three-way water valve 17, an electric control device 18 and a fourth three-way water valve 19. The refrigerating and heating cycle of the air conditioning unit module adopts a first working medium; the heat management module circularly adopts a second working medium. Here, the first working medium is a refrigerant, and a flammable refrigerant, such as R290, R1270, R600a, R32, R1234yf, or a mixture thereof, may be used. The second working medium is a secondary refrigerant, and a safe, nonflammable, antifreezing and rust-preventing secondary refrigerant, such as glycol water solution, can be adopted. And the air conditioning unit module provides a cold source and a heat source for the thermal management module.
In practice, the compressor 1 is a vertical compressor or a horizontal compressor.
The first heat exchanger 3 adopts an air heat exchanger and is used for exchanging heat between the first working medium and the environmental working medium. The second heat exchanger 5 adopts a liquid heat exchanger and is used for exchanging heat between the first working medium and the second working medium.
The defroster 9, the first in-vehicle radiator 10 and the second in-vehicle radiator 11 all adopt air heat exchangers.
The expansion kettle 6 and the expansion kettle 13 adopt components with the functions of liquid adding, liquid supplementing and air exhausting.
The heater 15 is a liquid heater.
The invention relates to a connection relation and specific assembly steps of each component of a new energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working media, which are as follows (see figure 1):
the exhaust port of the compressor 1 is connected with an a port of the four-way valve 2, and a b port, a c port and a d port of the four-way valve 2 are respectively connected with one end of the heat exchanger I3, the air suction port of the compressor 1 and one end of the refrigerant side of the heat exchanger II 5; the other end of the first heat exchanger 3 is connected with one end of a throttling mechanism 4; the other end of the throttle mechanism 4 is connected with the other end of the refrigerant side of the second heat exchanger 5 to form an air conditioning unit module. The air conditioning unit module is communicated with the carriage by using the refrigerating medium, and the refrigerating medium is safe, nonflammable, antifreezing and rust-proof, so that the problem that the (flammable) refrigerating medium leaks into the carriage is avoided, and the potential safety hazard to the carriage can be avoided.
In addition, one end of the second secondary refrigerant side of the II heat exchanger 5, the b port of the I three-way water valve 8 and the c port of the IV three-way water valve 19 are connected through pipelines; the other end of the second secondary refrigerant side of the II heat exchanger 5, the c port of the I three-way water valve 8 and the a port of the IV three-way water valve 19 are connected through pipelines; the port b of the third three-way water valve 19 is connected with one end of the defroster 9; the other end of the defroster 9, one end of the first in-vehicle radiator 10 and one end of the second in-vehicle radiator 11 are connected through pipelines (the number of the first in-vehicle radiator 10 and the second in-vehicle radiator 11 can be set as per design or actual requirements, and are all arranged in a cloth mode, < n=1, 2, 3 and 4 … … >); the other end of the radiator 10 in the first vehicle, the other end of the radiator 11 in the second vehicle and the port b of the three-way water valve 12 in the second vehicle are connected through pipelines; connecting the c port of the third three-way water valve 12 with the inlet of the expansion kettle 13; connecting the outlet of the expansion kettle 13 with the inlet of a second water pump 14; connecting the outlet of the second water pump 14 with one end of a heater 15; the other end of the heater 15 is connected with one end of the battery box 16; the other end of the battery box 16, the port a of the third three-way water valve 12 and the port a of the third three-way water valve 17 are connected through pipelines; the port b of the third three-way water valve 17 is connected with one end of an electric control device 18; the other end of the electric control device 18, the c port of the third three-way water valve 17 and the inlet of the I expansion kettle 6 are connected through pipelines; the outlet of the first expansion kettle 6 is connected with the inlet of the first water pump 7; and the outlet of the first water pump 7 is connected with the port a of the first three-way water valve 8 to form a thermal management module.
The working process of the new energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for the combustible working medium is as follows (see figure 1):
in summer, when the cooling needs to be performed by utilizing the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioning unit, the working process is as follows: the coolant liquid is pumped from the I expansion kettle 6 to the I three-way water valve 8 through the I water pump 7, at this time, the port a and the port b of the I three-way water valve 8 are communicated, the port c is not communicated, the coolant liquid enters the II heat exchanger 5 through the ports a and b of the I three-way water valve 8 and is cooled by the refrigerant in the II heat exchanger 5, and the refrigerant is evaporated due to heat absorption.
At this time, the air conditioning unit is in a refrigerating state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam discharged by the compressor 1 enters the four-way valve 2, at this time, the port a and the port b of the four-way valve 2 are communicated, the port c and the port d are communicated, and the refrigerant steam enters the heat exchanger I3 for heat exchange through the ports a and b of the four-way valve 2: the refrigerant vapor is condensed into refrigerant liquid by ambient air, and then enters a throttling mechanism 4 to be cooled and depressurized, so that a low-temperature low-pressure vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant is formed; the refrigerant reenters the second heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat: at the same time of reducing the temperature of the secondary refrigerant, the refrigerant absorbs heat to become refrigerant steam, and then enters the four-way valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1 through the c and d ports of the four-way valve 2, thus completing a refrigeration cycle. At this time, the air conditioning unit not only completes air conditioning refrigeration, but also completes cooling of the refrigerating medium.
The refrigerating medium is cooled in the second heat exchanger 5 and enters the fourth three-way water valve 19, at the moment, the port a and the port b of the fourth three-way water valve 19 are communicated, the port c is not communicated, and the refrigerating medium enters the defroster 9 through the ports a and b of the fourth three-way water valve 19, but the defroster 9 does not work; then the coolant enters the I-in-vehicle radiator 10 and the II-in-vehicle radiator 11 to exchange heat with ambient air in the vehicle, the temperature of the coolant is slightly increased, the temperature in the vehicle is reduced and maintained in a temperature range comfortable for human bodies, and the coolant after the temperature increase enters the II three-way water valve 12.
If the battery box 16 needs to be cooled at this time, the port b and the port c of the third three-way water valve 12 are communicated, the port a is not communicated, the secondary refrigerant enters the third expansion kettle 13 through the port b and the port c of the third three-way water valve 12 and is pumped into the heater 15 by the third water pump 14, the heater 15 does not work at this time, then the secondary refrigerant enters the battery box 16 to exchange heat with the battery, the temperature of the battery is reduced, the temperature of the secondary refrigerant is increased again, and the secondary refrigerant after the temperature is increased enters the third three-way water valve 17; if the battery box 16 does not need to be cooled, the port a and the port b of the third three-way water valve 12 are communicated, the port c is not communicated, and the refrigerating medium enters the third three-way water valve 17 through the ports a and b of the third three-way water valve 12.
If the electric control device 18 needs cooling at this time, the port a and the port b of the third three-way water valve 17 are communicated, the port c is not communicated, the refrigerating medium enters the electric control device 18 through the port a and the port b of the third three-way water valve 17 to exchange heat with the electric control device 18, the temperature of the refrigerating medium continuously rises, the temperature of the electric control device 18 decreases, the warmed refrigerating medium returns to the first expansion kettle 6 to complete a refrigerating medium circulation, and meanwhile, the air conditioning unit completes a refrigeration cycle.
In winter, when heating is needed by using the heating cycle of the air conditioning unit, the working process is as follows: the coolant liquid is pumped into the I three-way water valve 8 by the I expansion kettle 6 through the I water pump 7, at this time, the port a and the port c of the I three-way water valve 8 are communicated, the port b is not communicated, and the coolant liquid enters the II heat exchanger 5 through the ports a and c of the I three-way water valve 8 and is heated by the refrigerant in the II heat exchanger 5: the coolant temperature increases and the coolant is cooled to a liquid.
At this time, the air conditioning unit is in a heating state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam discharged by the compressor 1 enters the four-way valve 2, at this time, an a port and a d port of the four-way valve 2 are communicated, a b port and a c port of the four-way valve 2 are communicated, and the refrigerant steam enters the II heat exchanger 5 for heat exchange through the a port and the d port of the four-way valve 2: the coolant temperature increases and the coolant condenses to a liquid; then the refrigerant liquid enters the throttling mechanism 4 to cool and decompress, and a low-temperature low-pressure vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant is formed and then enters the first heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the environmental working medium: the refrigerant becomes refrigerant vapor by absorbing heat, and returns to the compressor 1 through the ports b and c of the four-way valve 2, thereby completing a heating cycle. At this time, the air conditioning unit not only completes the heating of the air conditioner, but also completes the heating of the coolant of the thermal management module.
The secondary refrigerant is heated in the II heat exchanger 5 and enters the IV three-way water valve 19, at the moment, the port b of the IV three-way water valve 19 is connected with the port c, the port a is not communicated, and the secondary refrigerant heated and heated enters the defroster 9 through the ports b and c of the IV three-way water valve 19 to heat the air in the vehicle, so as to defrost and defog the front glass of the vehicle; at this time, the temperature of the coolant is slightly lowered, and then enters the I-th in-vehicle radiator 10 and the II-th in-vehicle radiator 11 to exchange heat with the in-vehicle air, and the temperature of the coolant is continuously lowered, but the in-vehicle temperature is raised and maintained in a temperature range that is comfortable for the human body; the cooled coolant enters the third three-way water valve 12.
If the battery box 16 needs to be heated at this time, the port b and the port c of the third three-way water valve 12 are communicated, the port a is not communicated, and the secondary refrigerant enters the third expansion pot 13 through the ports b and c of the third three-way water valve 12 and is pumped into the heater 15 by the third water pump 14. If the temperature of the coolant at this time is not satisfactory, the heater 15 is activated to operate: heating the coolant; if the coolant temperature is satisfactory, the heater 15 is not operated. The coolant continues to enter the battery box 16 for heat exchange with the batteries: the temperature of the battery increases, and the temperature of the secondary refrigerant decreases; the cooled coolant then enters the third three-way water valve 17. If the battery box 16 does not need to be heated, the port a and the port b of the third three-way water valve 12 are conducted, the port c is not conducted, the refrigerating fluid enters the third three-way water valve 17 through the port a and the port b of the third three-way water valve 12, at the moment, the port a and the port c of the third three-way water valve 17 are conducted, the port b is not conducted, the refrigerating fluid returns to the first expansion pot 6 through the port a and the port c of the third three-way water valve 17, one refrigerating fluid circulation is completed, and meanwhile, the air conditioning unit completes the heating circulation.
Claims (8)
1. The comprehensive heat management system of the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium is characterized by comprising an air conditioning unit module and a heat management module, wherein the working medium of the air conditioning unit module is a first working medium, the working medium of the heat management module is a second working medium, the environment working medium provides a cold source and a heat source for the air conditioning unit module, and the air conditioning unit module provides the cold source and the heat source for the heat management module;
the fifth module of the air conditioning unit comprises a compressor (1), a four-way valve (2), an I heat exchanger (3), a throttling mechanism (4) and an II heat exchanger (5), wherein the I heat exchanger (3) is used for exchanging heat between a first working medium and an environment working medium, the II heat exchanger (5) is used for exchanging heat between the first working medium and a second working medium, and the air conditioning unit module comprises two circulation of refrigeration and heating: in the refrigeration cycle, high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged by a compressor (1) enters a first heat exchanger (3) through a four-way valve (2), a first working medium in the first heat exchanger (3) is cooled into liquid through an environment working medium and enters a throttling mechanism (4), the first working medium throttles, cools and reduces pressure to form gas-liquid two-phase steam, and the gas-liquid two-phase steam enters a second heat exchanger (5) to evaporate and absorb heat of a second working medium and returns to the compressor (1) through the four-way valve (2), so that a refrigeration cycle is formed and the second working medium is cooled; in the heating cycle, high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged by the compressor (1) enters the second heat exchanger (5) through the four-way valve (2) and exchanges heat with a second working medium in the second heat exchanger: the first working medium is cooled into a liquid working medium, the temperature of the second working medium is increased, then the first working medium enters a throttling mechanism (4) for throttling, cooling and depressurization to form gas-liquid two-phase steam, then enters a first heat exchanger (3) for heat exchange with an environment working medium, the first working medium absorbs heat through evaporation, and returns to a compressor (1) through a four-way valve (2) to form a heating cycle;
the thermal management module comprises a second heat exchanger (5), an expansion kettle (6), a first water pump (7), a first three-way water valve (8), a defroster (9), a first in-vehicle radiator (10), a second in-vehicle radiator (11), a second three-way water valve (12), a second expansion kettle (13), a second water pump (14), a heater (15), a battery box (16), a third three-way water valve (17), an electric control device (18) and a fourth three-way water valve (19); when the air conditioning unit module performs refrigeration operation, the channel a and the channel b of the third three-way water valve (8) and the channel a and the channel b of the fourth three-way water valve (19) are opened, and the specific cycle is as follows: the second working medium in the expansion kettle (6) enters a second heat exchanger (5) through a first water pump (7) through a first and a second channels of a first three-way water valve (8), the second working medium exchanges heat with the first working medium in the second heat exchanger (5), the first working medium evaporates and absorbs heat of the second working medium to reduce the temperature of the second working medium, the cooled second working medium enters a defroster (9) through a first and a second channels of a fourth three-way water valve (19) but does not exchange heat with the environmental working medium, and then enters an I in-vehicle radiator (10) and an II in-vehicle radiator (11) to exchange heat with air in the vehicle to reduce the temperature in the vehicle and increase the temperature of the second working medium; meanwhile, if the battery box (16) and the electric control device (18) need to be cooled, the b channel, the c channel of the II three-way water valve (12) and the a channel and the b channel of the III three-way water valve (17) are opened, a second working medium coming out of the I in-vehicle radiator (10) and the II in-vehicle radiator (11) enters the II expansion kettle (13) through the b channel and the c channel of the II three-way water valve (12), then enters the battery box (16) through the II water pump (14) and the heater (15), the heater (15) does not work, the second working medium exchanges heat with the battery box (16) to reduce the temperature of the battery, then enters the electric control device (18) through the a channel and the b channel of the III three-way water valve (17), the second working medium exchanges heat with the electric control device (18) to reduce the temperature of the electric control device (18), the second working medium continuously rises, and finally returns to the expansion kettle (6); if the battery box (16) and the electric control device (18) do not need to be cooled, the channels a and b of the third three-way water valve (12) and the channels a and c of the third three-way water valve (17) are opened, and the second working media from the first in-vehicle radiator (10) and the second in-vehicle radiator (11) directly return to the expansion kettle (6) through the channels a and b of the third three-way water valve (12) and the channels a and c of the third three-way water valve (17) to form a cycle;
when the air conditioning unit module heats and runs, an a channel and a c channel of the first three-way water valve (8) and a b channel and a c channel of the fourth three-way water valve (19) are opened, and the specific cycle is as follows: the second working medium in the expansion kettle (6) enters the second heat exchanger (5) through the passage a and the passage c of the I three-way water valve (8) through the I water pump (7), and the second working medium exchanges heat with the first working medium in the second heat exchanger (5): the second working medium absorbs the heat of the first working medium to cool the first working medium into liquid, the temperature of the second working medium is increased, the heated second working medium enters the defroster (9) through the channels b and c of the IV three-way water valve (19) and exchanges heat with the environment working medium, the heated environment working medium is used for defrosting and demisting the vehicle glass, the second working medium with the temperature reduced enters the I-th vehicle interior radiator (10) and the II-th vehicle interior radiator (11) to exchange heat with the air in the vehicle, so that the temperature in the vehicle is increased, and the temperature of the second working medium is continuously reduced; at the moment, if the battery box (16) needs to be heated, the b channel and the c channel of the third three-way water valve (12) are opened, and the second working medium coming out of the first in-vehicle radiator (10) and the second in-vehicle radiator (11) enters the second expansion kettle (13) through the b channel and the c channel of the third three-way water valve (12) and then enters the heater (15) through the second water pump (14); if the temperature of the second working medium can not meet the requirement, the heater (15) is started to work, if the temperature of the second working medium can meet the requirement, the heater (15) is not started, the second working medium continuously enters the battery box (16) and exchanges heat with the battery box (16) to enable the temperature of the battery to rise, and then the second working medium directly returns to the expansion kettle (6) through the a and c channels of the third three-way water valve (17) to form a cycle;
wherein the first working medium adopts a combustible refrigerant and a mixture thereof; the second working medium adopts a secondary refrigerant which is nonflammable, antifreezing and rust-proof; the air conditioning unit module is communicated with only the refrigerating medium in the carriage.
2. The comprehensive heat management system of the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium according to claim 1, wherein the compressor (1) adopts a vertical compressor or a horizontal compressor.
3. The comprehensive heat management system of the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium according to claim 1, wherein the first heat exchanger (3) adopts an air heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger (5) adopts a liquid heat exchanger.
4. The integrated heat management system for a new energy bus adapted to a combustible refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the defroster (9), the i-th in-car radiator (10) and the ii-th in-car radiator (11) are all air heat exchangers.
5. The comprehensive heat management system for new energy passenger cars suitable for combustible working media according to claim 4, wherein the number of the first in-car radiator (10) and the second in-car radiator (11) can be set according to design or actual requirements and are installed uniformly.
6. The integrated heat management system for a new energy bus for a combustible refrigerant according to claim 5, wherein the connecting pipeline between the i-th in-car radiator (10) and the ii-th in-car radiator (11) is connected in parallel or in series.
7. The comprehensive heat management system for the new energy passenger car suitable for the combustible working medium according to claim 1, wherein the first expansion kettle (6) and the second expansion kettle (13) adopt components with the functions of liquid adding, liquid supplementing and air exhausting.
8. The new energy bus integrated thermal management system suitable for combustible media according to claim 1, wherein the heater (15) is a liquid heater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810227424.XA CN108422829B (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810227424.XA CN108422829B (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108422829A CN108422829A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
| CN108422829B true CN108422829B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
Family
ID=63158459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810227424.XA Active CN108422829B (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108422829B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108482065A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-04 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | Integral new-energy passenger compartment and battery concentrate heat management system |
| CN109515116B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏超力电器有限公司 | Indirect heat pump type automobile air conditioning system based on multichannel electronic temperature control valve optimization |
| CN110077285A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 上海理工大学 | Electric car secondary circuit heat management system |
| CN113511043B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-09-27 | 上海爱斯达克汽车空调系统有限公司 | Electric automobile thermal management system with double compressors |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6077158A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-06-20 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Air handling controller for HVAC system for electric vehicles |
| WO2002064389A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | On-vehicle air conditioner |
| JP2008006894A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Denso Corp | Vehicular air conditioner |
| CN201124749Y (en) * | 2007-12-01 | 2008-10-01 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Air-conditioning and cooling system of automobile |
| WO2012160425A1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Cooling system |
| CN103476612A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2013-12-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cooling device |
| CN105196832A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-30 | 上海交通大学 | Electric automobile waste heat recovery heat pump type comprehensive heat management system automatically adjusted in filling amount |
| CN106042827A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioning system, electric automobile and control method of electric automobile air conditioning system |
| CN107234941A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A kind of car concentrates heat management system |
| CN107394311A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | The cooling of electric automobile power battery and heating system |
| CN107401850A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-28 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | It is suitable for the coach air conditioner refrigeration system of natural refrigerant |
| CN206765752U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-12-19 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A kind of car concentrates heat management system |
| CN206961982U (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-02-02 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | The cooling of electric automobile power battery and heating system |
-
2018
- 2018-03-20 CN CN201810227424.XA patent/CN108422829B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6077158A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-06-20 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Air handling controller for HVAC system for electric vehicles |
| WO2002064389A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | On-vehicle air conditioner |
| JP2008006894A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Denso Corp | Vehicular air conditioner |
| CN201124749Y (en) * | 2007-12-01 | 2008-10-01 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Air-conditioning and cooling system of automobile |
| CN103476612A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2013-12-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cooling device |
| WO2012160425A1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Cooling system |
| CN105196832A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-30 | 上海交通大学 | Electric automobile waste heat recovery heat pump type comprehensive heat management system automatically adjusted in filling amount |
| CN106042827A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioning system, electric automobile and control method of electric automobile air conditioning system |
| CN107234941A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A kind of car concentrates heat management system |
| CN206765752U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-12-19 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | A kind of car concentrates heat management system |
| CN107394311A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | The cooling of electric automobile power battery and heating system |
| CN206961982U (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-02-02 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | The cooling of electric automobile power battery and heating system |
| CN107401850A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-28 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | It is suitable for the coach air conditioner refrigeration system of natural refrigerant |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《不同低温下的电动车余热回收性能》;李栋军等;《重庆大学学报》;44-54 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108422829A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108422829B (en) | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium | |
| US9908383B2 (en) | Air conditioning system for a motor vehicle | |
| CN108372767B (en) | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system suitable for combustible working medium | |
| CN112208295B (en) | Indirect low-temperature heat pump system | |
| CN108556590B (en) | New energy bus comprehensive thermal management system | |
| CN110077285A (en) | Electric car secondary circuit heat management system | |
| CN211280561U (en) | New energy automobile thermal management system | |
| CN107187291B (en) | Air conditioner system, vehicle and method for controlling air conditioner system | |
| CN104890500A (en) | Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle cooling system | |
| CN113511043B (en) | Electric automobile thermal management system with double compressors | |
| CN110217070B (en) | New energy automobile thermal management air conditioning system | |
| CN109572367B (en) | R290 heat pump thermal management system for new energy automobile and working method thereof | |
| CN108674124B (en) | Secondary loop air-conditioning heat pump system of electric automobile | |
| CN115416444A (en) | Heat pump heat management system for new energy automobile and working method of heat pump heat management system | |
| CN114013236A (en) | CO for vehicle2Thermal management system and working method thereof | |
| CN114407604A (en) | Integrated electric automobile thermal management system, control method and electric automobile | |
| CN115091919A (en) | Air conditioning system for vehicle and vehicle | |
| CN208232741U (en) | Integral new-energy passenger integrated thermal management system | |
| CN107401850B (en) | Passenger car air-conditioning refrigerating system suitable for natural working medium | |
| CN117246105A (en) | R290 whole vehicle thermal management system and method for new energy automobile | |
| CN109649114B (en) | New energy passenger train split type air conditioning system | |
| KR20140091187A (en) | Heating system for vehicle | |
| CN211730976U (en) | Passenger train whole car heat management unit based on secondary heat transfer | |
| CN215284271U (en) | New energy hybrid vehicle type cab and power battery integrated thermal management system | |
| CN208277789U (en) | It is suitable for the integral new-energy passenger integrated thermal management system of flammable working medium |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |